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HISTORY

OF THE

NINTH REGIMENT

N. Y. S. M. - - - N. G. S. N. Y.
(EIGHTY-THIRD N. v. VOLUNTEERS.)

1845-1888.

HISTORIAN

GEORGE A. H U S S E Y.

EDITOR

W I L L I A M T ODD.

PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF

VETERANS OE THE REGIMENT.
NEW YORK.

1889.

N. G. S. N. Y.

••/:•• : /. '*•• /)

.• :^ ..•/•/.../

fRESS OF J. S. OGILVIE,

57 ROSE STREET,

NEW YORK.

DEDICATION.

MEMORY OF THE MEMBERS

OF THE

NINTH REGIMENT, N. Y. S. M.

(EI3HTY -THIRD NEW \ORK VOLUNTEERS.)

AND N. G. S. N . Y.

•WHO HAVING SERVED THEIR COUNTRY FAITHFULLY', IN WAR AND IN PEACE,
LAID DOWN THKIR LIVES IN HONOR,

THIS VOLUME IS FRATERNALLY DEDICATED.

" Oh ! if there is upon this terrestrial sphere
A boon, an offering, which Heaven holds dear,
'Tis the last libation liberty draws
From a heart that bleeds and dies in its cause."

— THOMAS MOORE.

PREFACE.

The Committee having in charge the Publication of the History of
the NINTH Regiment, in order to prepare the work for the press, secured
the services of William Todd, Esq., of Albany, N. V., author of the His
tory cf the Seventy-ninth (Highlanders), N. Y-. S. M., and X. V. Vols.,and
of which regiment he was a member.

Great care has been exercised in preparing the manuscript, and
while there are, doubtless, a few errors, an earnest endeavor has IHTII
made to give the ex-members, members of the regiment, and the public,
the best and most authentic history possible to present for their
consideration.

The Committee are indebted for information and access to records,
to the friends, members and ex-members of the regiment, to whom they
extend hearty thanks.

BENJ. F. BOWXK. GEO. I. BUXTON.

JOSEPH T. HAI.LOCK. THOS. L. HANNA.

JOHN T. LOCK.MAN. JOHN T. PKVER.

WALTER SCOTT. EDWARD SHANLY.

RALPH SHORROCK. THOS. W. THORNE.

WILLIAM SCOTT, GEORGE A. HUSSEY,

ry.

Chairman.

NOTE BY THE EDITOR.

The Historical Committee having engaged the services of the under
signed, to prepare for publication a History of the NINTH Regiment—
from data furnished by the historian, Captain George A. Husscy — he
entered upon the duty with misgivings as to his ability to satisfactorily
perform the task. Fortunately, the material furnished was, in the main,
so concise, that as the work progressed, he gathered courage to complete
the pleasing undertaking.

For the purpose of a more intelligent understanding of the part
taken by the regiment during its service in the War of the Rebellion, as
well as in t'mes of peace, the best authorities have been consulted —
Government Records, Histories of Campaigns and Regiments, and

Monographs on special topics.

WILLIAM TODD."

ALBANY, Janv.iiry i, 1889.

CONTENTS

PAGE

ENGAGEMENTS OF THE REGIMENT xiii

ENGAGEMENTS OF COMPANY K xiv

STATIONS OF THE REGIMENT xv

RECAPITULATION OF THE MEMHERSMIP xvi

ILLUSTRATIONS xvii

CHAPTER I.

First Records Extant. — Disbandments and Re-organizations. — Colo
nel Van Beuren I

CHAPTER II.

Rebellion. — Secession. — Firing on Fort Sumter. — Volunteering for

the War 20

CHAPTER III.

Muster-in at Washington. — Under General Stone. — " Baptism by

Fire," at Harper's Ferry 36

CHAPTER IV.

Under General Patterson. — First Valley Campaign. — To Winter

Quarters, 1861-2 5&

CHAPTER V.

Camp Claassen, near Frederick, Md 86

CHAPTER VI.

Under General Banks. — Into the Shenandoah Valley and out again. 104

CHAPTER VII.
Under General McDowell.— Much Marching. . ... 126

[ix]

X CONTEXTS.

CHAPTER VIII.

PAGE

Warrenton, Va. — Under General Pope. —Battle of Cedar Mountain . . 142

CHAPTER IX.

Battles of the Rappahannock, Thoroughfare Gap, Second Bull Run

and Chantilly 163

CHAPTER X.

Under General McClellan. — The Maryland Campaign. — Battles of

South Mountain and Antietam. — Reports, etc 181

CHAPTER XI.

After Antietam. — Under General Burnside 201

CHAPTER XII.
Battle of Fredericksburg. — Reports, etc 218

CHAPTER XIII.

Under General Hooker. — Winter Quarters, 1862-3. — The Chancellors-

ville Campaign 233

CHAPTER XIV.
The Gettysburg Campaign. — Under General Meade 251

CHAPTER XV.
Three Days' Battle of Gettysburg. — Pickett's Charge. — Reports, etc. 268

CHAPTER XVI.
Tne Mine Run Campaign. — Winter Quarters, 1863-4 289

CHAPTER XVII.

Under General Grant. — The Wilderness Campaign. — Battle of May

6. — Colonel Moesch killed 312

CHAPTER XVIII.

Battles of Laurel Hill, Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor. — Record of
the Killed in the Campaign, from May 6th to June 4th. — Close
of Three Years' Service 329

CONTENTS. XI

CHAPTER XIX.

PAGB

The Regiment Returns Home. — Record of Battles and Lossc.-,

Therein. — Promoted to Commissioned Office From 352

CHAPTER XX.

The War Ended. — Correspondence between Generals Grant and Lee.

— Record of the Dead in National Cemeteries. — Army Songs. .. 376

CHAPTER XXI.

Official Register of Officers and enlisted men, showing the service of

all who were honorably discharged 400

CHAPTER XXII.

Reorganization of the Regiment, 1864. — Colonel Wilcox. — Visit to

Stamford, Conn., 1 869 502

CHAPTER XXIII.

Colonel Fisk, Jr.— Encampment at Long Branch, N. J., 1870 520

CHAPTER XXIV.

Excursion to Boston and Charlestown, Mass., 1871 532

CHAPTER XXV.

Orange Riot.— Reception of the Grand Duke Alexis, 1871 546

CHAPTER XXVI.

Death of Colonel Fisk.— Interment of General Anderson, 1872 561

CHAPTER XXVII.

Colonel Braine.— Armory Completed, 1873.— Colonel Hitchcock.-

Centennial Celebration, July 3-4, 1876 574

CHAPTER XXVIII.
Labor Strikes.— The West Albany Campaign 59°

Xll CONTENTS.

CHAPTER XXIX.

PAGE

Death of Colonel Hitchcock, 1878. — Colonel Ryder, 1879. — The Regi-
ment revisits Washington, 1881. — Colonel William Sevvard, Jr., in
Command, 1882. — A State Camp Established, 1883 604

CHAPTER XXX..

Death of General Grant, 1885.— Death of General Hancock.— The
Twenty-fifth Anniversary. — Veterans' Pilgrimage to the Battle
fields, 1886 6: j

CHAPTER XXXI.

In Camp at Peekskill. — Recovery of the Remains of Colonel Moesch,

1887 646

CHAPTER XXXII.

Reception of the Richmond Grays, 1888. . 657

CHAPTER XXXIII.

Veterans revisit Gettysburg. — Regiment escorts Society of the Army

of the Potomac, 1888 665

CHAPTER XXXIV.

Dedication of the NINTH'S Monument at Gettysburg, 1888 674

CHAPTER XXXV.

Reunion of the Blue and the Gray, 1888 688

INDEX 721

LIST OF PRINCIPAL ENGAGEMENTS.

1861. July 4.

1862. August 9.
1862. August 20-23.
1862. August 28.
1862. August 30.
1862. September i.
1862. September 14.
1862. September 17.

1862. December 11-13.

1863. April 29-30.
1863. May 1-4.
1863. July 1-4.

1863. November 28.

1864. May 5-7.
1864. May 8.
1864. May 9-21.
1864. May 23-27.
1864. June 1-3.

Sandy Hook, opposite Harper's

Ferry, Maryland.

Cedar Mountain, Virginia.

Rappahannock Station, Virginia.

Thoroughfare Gap, Virginia.

Second Bull Run, Virginia.

Chantilly, Virginia.

South Mountain, Maryland.

Antietam, Maryland.

Fredericksburg, Virginia.

Fitz Hugh's Crossing, Virginia.

Chancellorsville, Virginia.

Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

Mine Run, Virginia.

Wilderness, Virginia.

Laurel Hill, Virginia.

Spottsylvania, Virginia.

North Anna (Totopotomoy), Virginia.
Cold Harbor (Bethesda Church), Virginia.

*+* For losses in engagements, see page 359.

ENGAGEMENTS

IN WHICH

COMPANY K (SIXTH NEW YORK INDEPENDENT BATTERY) TOOK

AN ACTIVE PART, EITHER BY SECTION OR AS A \VHOLE,

UNTIL THE TIME OF MUSTER OUT OF THE

UNITED STATES SERVICE OF THE

NINTH REGIMENT.

1861.
Bolivar Heights, Va., Oct. 16. Balls Bluff. Va., Oct. 21.

1862.

Williamsburgh, Va., May 5. Seven Days Battles, Va., June 25-July i.

Malvern Hill, Va., Aug. 5.

1863.

Kelly's Ford, Va., March 17. Chancellorsville, Va., May 2.

Brandy Station, Va., June 9. Gettysburg, Pa., Julv 3.

Shepherdstown, W. Va., July 16. Sulphur Springs, Va., Oct. 12.
Auburn, Va., Oct. 14, St. Stephens Church, Va., Oct. 14.

Bristoe Station, Va., Oct. 14. New Hope Church, Va., Nov. 27.

Parker's Store, Va., Nov. 29. Culpeper Ford, Va., Dec. i.

1864.

Brock Road, Va., May 6. Todd's Tavern, Va., May 7-8.

Island Ford, Va., May 10. Beaver Dam, Va., May 10.

Ashland, Va., May n. Glen Allen, Va., May n.

Richmond Hill, Va., May 12. Ennons Chapel, Va., May 28.

STATIONS OF THE REGIMENT.

June, 1861, Brigade of General Stone.

July and / Division of General Banks, Department of the

August, 1 86 1, )" Shenandoah. •

September, 1861, )

to ,- 2nd Brigade, Banks' Division, Army of the Potomac.

February, 1862, \

March, 1862 '- 2nc* Brigade, ist Division, 5th Corps, Army of the
\ Potomac.

April iS6-> ' / Abercrombie's Brigade, Department of the Shenan-
\ doah.

.-lay and / 3d Brigade, 2nd Division, Department of the

june, 1862, \" Rappahannock.

July and } 3d Brigade, 2nd Division, 3^! Corps, Army of

August, 1862, i" Virginia.

September, 1862, )

to r^ 3d Brigade, 2nd Division, ist Corps, Army of the

May, 1863, ) Potcmac.

r 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, ist Corps, Army of the

February, 1864, i Potomac.

March, 1864, )

to f me. Brigade, 2nd Division, 5th Corps, Army of the

June, 1864, )' Potomac.

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ILLUSTRATIONS.

T. New York State Flag. Frontispiece i

2. Colonel Stiles, 1861-3. Portrait 28

3. Model Camp, Rockville, Md 48

4. Harper's Ferry, Va. Battlefield Map 54

5. Camp Claassen, Frederick, Md 86

6. Bull Run, 1862. Battlefield Map 172

7. South Mountain, Md. Battlefield Map :88

8. Antietam, Md. Battlefield Map ] 94

9. Fredericksburg, Va. Battlefield Map 224

10. Colonel Hendrickson, 1863. Portrait 256

11. Gettysburg, Pa. Battlefield Map, No. i 270

1 2. Gettysburg, Pa. Battlefield Map, No. 2 278

13. Colonel Moesch, 1863-4. Portrait 280

14. Chancellorsville, Wilderness, Laurel

15. Hill and Spottsylvania, Va. Battlefields Map 326

16. Seat of War in Pa., Md. and Va. Map No. i 350

1 7. Seat of W7ar in Virginia. Map No. 2 350

1 8. Colonel Davis, 1863-4. Portrait 504

19. Colonel Wilcox, 1864-9. Portrait 506

20. Colonel Fisk, 1870-2. Portrait 520

21. Colonel Braine, 1872-5. Portrait 572

22. Colonel Hitchcock, 1875-8. Portrait 580

23 Colonel Ryder, 1879-82. Portrait 606

24. Colonel Seward, 1 882. Portrait 616

25. Monument at Gettysburg. Pa 684

THE NINTH NEW YORK-

CHAPTER i.

FIRST RECORDS EXTANT,
1814—1845—1860.

The Oldest Survivor, General Samuel I. Hunt. — The New York State Militia. — Regis
ter of Officers of the NINTH in 1845.— Disbanded in 1850.— Formation of the Irish
NINTH.— Celebrating St. Patrick's Day.— The Wheel within a Wheel— Disbanded
Again.— The Fifty-fifth N. Y. S. M.— Re-organization.— General Orders. — Cap
tain Mansfield Lovell.— Register of Officers, June 25, 1859.— Washington's Birth
day, 1860. — Surgeons and Chaplains in the Militia. — Reception of the Japanese
Embassy. — Fourth of July. — Reception of Ellsworth's Chicago Cadets and the
Savannah Republican Blues.— The NINTH would visit Great Britain. — Company
A's Reception. — Visit of the Prince of Wales. — Company C's Target Practice
with Sea-coast Guns.

TN December, 1887, there appeared in the columns of the
New York Tribune, a sketch of the life of General Samuel
I. Hunt, who had died on Sunday, the 4th of the month, in the
ninety-fifth year of his age. In the account it is stated that
•"Mr. Hunt enlisted as a private in August, 1814, in the old
NIXTII Regiment, served as Sergeant, Lieutenant, and in
other positions until 1824, when he was elected Colonel. He
resigned in 1828." Colonel Hunt was made a Brigadier-Gen-

o o

eral in 1834. General Hunt was certainly the oldest survivor
of the NINTH Regiment of that period.

2 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1845

During the early history of the New York State Militia,
the State was divided into about two hundred and sixty-nine
regimental districts, in each of which the arms-bearing popu
lation was enrolled in regiments designated by the number of
the district. In only a few of the districts, however, were the
members uniformed or armed.

But little knowledge respecting the early history of the
original NINTH Regiment can be obtained, except possibly by
delving into old musty records, some dating back of 1812.
This is believed not to be now necessary, or desired. In
1845, the Seventeenth Ward of New York City constituted
the NINTH regimental district. The Military and Naval
Chronicle, of August gth, of that year, gives the following reg
ister of the commissioned officers of the regiment at that

time :

Field and Staff.

Colonel, James Langdon Curtis ; Lieutenant-Colonel,
EBenezer Jessup, Jr.; Major, Thomas Walden ; Adjutant,
William H. Disbrow ; Quartermaster, Edward T. Northam ;
Paymaster, Daniel H. Burnett ; Chaplain, Erasmus D. Foote ;.

Surgeon, .

Company A.

Captain, John C. Helme ; First Lieutenant, Richard H.
Thompson ; Second Lieutenant, Abram J. Post.

Company B.

Captain, George A. Trowbridge ; First Lieutenant, Stephen
H. Cornell ; Second Lieutenant, C. W. Atwood.

Company C.

Captain, — ; First Lieutenant, Philip E. Walden ;
Second Lieutenant, - — .

Company D.

Captain, Sidney C. Sloane ; First Lieutenant, — ;
Second Lieutenant, Robert Cottier.

Company E.

Captain, Amos S. Chamberlain ; First Lieutenant. M. R.
Pittman ; Second Lieutenant, Moses E. Crasto.

FIRST DISBANDMENT. 3

Company F.

Captain, John N. Hay ward ; First Lieutenant, John I.
Ireland ; Second Lieutenant, E. T. Butterwinkle.

Company G.

Captain, David Sherwood; First Lieutenant, Jacob L.
Seabing ; Second Lieutenant, Andrew P. Van Tuyle.

Company H.

Captain, Francis Tillon ; First Lieutenant, - — ; Second
Lieutenant, Henry II Melville.

Company I (Lancers).

Captain, Bernard Hannigan ; First Lieutenant, Phillip
McArdle ; Second Lieutenant, Patrick Kelley ; Third Lieu
tenant, Albert H. Nicolay.

On May 6th, 1847, by an act of the Legislature, the First
Division, N. Y. S. M., was organized.

On the 2;th of May, 1850, by orders from the Adjutant-
General's office, the regiment was disbanded ; and Companies
B, E and F, by orders No. 3, from Brig.-Gen. William Hall,
were transferred to the 8th Regiment, N. Y S. M.

From a sketch of the life of Captain Michael Phelan, writ
ten by Mr. Michael Cavanagh, and published in the Celtic
Magazine, June, 1882, we cull the following facts respectino-
-a re organization of the NINTH Regiment :

In 1848, immediately after the receipt of the news of a
revolution in France, a meeting of expatriated Irishmen was
held at the Shakespeare hotel in the city of New York, to dis
cuss the situation in Ireland, and endeavor to decide upon the
best means for accomplishing the freedom of that unhappy
land. Many eloquent speeches were made, notable among
which was one by Michael T. O'Connor, who, upon conclud
ing, was asked by Michael Phelan the pertinent question :
"' Can you fight as well as you have spoken ?"

Upon it being announced that a brigade was to be. formed
under the title of " Irish Republican Union," Mr. O'Connor
heartily approved the movement and headed the roll with his

4 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1850

signature. Mr. Phelan was next, and among others were John
G. Fay and James F. Markey.

To the latter belongs the credit of having organized the
first company, which was called the " Mitchell Guard," recruited
almost entirely from dealers in Washington Market. When
in 1850 this company was enrolled in the State Militia it was
known as Company C, NINTH Regiment.

The summer of 1848 was a busy one to those interested in
this movement. At a meeting held on August i4th., and

*n t_> i

which was attended by Archbishop Hughes, that distinguished
prelate gave in his adhesion, and supplemented his eloquent
address on the subject of Human Freedom, by a subscription
of five hundred dollars.

The " Irish Republican Union " had maintained its distinct
ive character for over a year, when, for obvious reasons, it was
deemed advisable by its founders, and such other prominent
Irish refugees as had meanwhile arrived in New York, to have
the organization incorporated as a part of the New York State
Militia, and towards the close of 1849, the brigade was divided
into companies and officered in accordance with the militia
laws. Each company of this incipient " Army of Liberation "
adopted as a special designation, the name of some distin
guished Irishman. The one with which Mr. Phelan connected
himself, and of which he was chosen captain in November, was
called " Guyon Guards." Mr. Thomas Murphy was elected
Orderly Sergeant.

On May 29th, 1850, the members were mustered into the
service of the State of New York as the NINTH Regiment,
N. Y. S. M. Colonel James Heuston and Messrs. John
Savage, Michael Doheny, Thomas Devin Reilly, and Joseph
Brenan, refugees of '48, also joined the organization.

On March i 7th, 1851, the NINTH Regiment celebrated the
birthday of Ireland's Patron Saint by a parade in New York
and Brooklyn. The day was the most inclement " Patrick's
Day" in the memory of old New Yorkers; rain and sleet
poured down without intermission, and caused some of the
officers to remonstrate with Captain Phelan — who was in com-

l855 THE S. K S. r

mand — against the parade taking place; the Captain, with his
accustomed decision replied : " I have paid the band, and will
follow it, if necessary, alone !" Thus was inaugurated the
military celebration of St. Patrick's Day on the American
Continent.

From what has been said respecting the personnel of the
NINTH Regiment, it will be seen that the elements which gave'
life and soul to the organization, was composed of those who
sympathized with the condition of Ireland, and who hoped to
be able, soon, to render signal service to their native country.
These men had also formed themselves into a secret oro-aniza-

tion, known as the " S. F.'s," each member being pledged to aid
personally in revolutionizing Ireland. Captain Phelan held
the position of communicating officer, as well as the open
command of Company D, and continued to exercise the duties
devolving upon him in this dual capacity — once visiting Ire
land — until November 22nd, 1854, when he resigned his com
mission in the State Militia.

Sergeant Murphy, by unanimous vote of the company,
succeeded to the command.

On February 22nd, 1855, the corporation of the city pre
sented the regiment with a set of colors. On May i8th, 1866,
ex-Captain Phelan addressed a letter to the editors of the
Irisli People, from which additional light is gained as to the
status of the regiment durincr the fifties.

o o

Upon the surface, the regiment to which I was attached was the NINTH New
York State Militia simply. A few of the members were nothing else, but the bulk
were Irish rebels in disguise. The wheel within a wheel was the order of the S. F.'s.
* * * As a rule those who held the highest positions in the NINTH Militia were not
prominent officers of the S. F's — for instance, our Colonel, an American, and a most
worthy gentleman, was not aware of the double character of the organization he had
the honor to command — while many privates in the regiment were officers in high
rank among the S. F's. * * * Unfortunately, the growing numbers anil increasing
power of the S. F's attracted the attention of men whose trade was politics, and whose
principles were far from being of the best. * * * At the eleventh hour they wormed
themselves into the organization, with the view of making the credulity of their coun
trymen a stepping-stone whereby, at the worst, they might ascend to local offices o f
trust and power. * * * As a consequence, a powerful and promising organization
was stripped of its boasted unity of action, if not of purpose.

6 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1858

As for that part of the S. F.'s still remaining in 1858, they,
with the other members of the regiment, were transferred,
mostly, to the Sixty-ninth, by special orders No. 41, A. G.
O., dated May 30.

At the time of disbandment the register of the officers was

as follows :

Colonel, Lucius Pitkin ; Lieut.-Col., Daniel Kelley ; Major,
Richard Barry.

Company A.

Captain, vacant; First Lieut, vacant ; Second Lieut.,
vacant.

Company B.

Captain, Charles McGuire; First Lieut., Patrick Holden ;
Second Lieut., Bernard Fox.

Company C.

Captain, Edward Kernes ; First Lieut., James Cassidy ;
Second Lieut., Cornelius Dora.

Company D.

Captain, Thomas Murphy ; First Lieut., Lawrence Glynne ;
Second Lieut., vacant.

Company E.

Captain, 'James Galligher ; First Lieut., Samuel Frazer ;
Second Lieut, Peter Flynne.

Company F.

Captain, William O. Murphy; First Lieut., vacant ; Second
Lieut., vacant.

Company G.

Captain, vacant ; First Lieut., John Conroy ; Second Lieut. ;
vacant.

Company H.

Captain, Robert Coddington ; First Lieut, vacant; Second
Lieut, vacant.

Company I.

Captain, James Murphy; First Lieut., Augustus P. Greene;
Second Lieut., Cornelius Horrigan.

1859 THE PRESENT NINTH ORGANIZED. /

Company A.

Captain, Felix Duffy ; F~irst Lieut., Terrence Duffy ;
Second Lieut., vacant.

At that time the Fifty-fifth regiment, "Garde La Fayette,"
was composed of eight companies; its nationality was mixed,
the left wing being almost wholly composed of natives of F' ranee,
naturalized American citizens ; while the three companies com
posing the right wing were divided between native Americans
and Swiss. The two wings wore different colored trousers,
.and while efforts had been made to harmonize this incongruity,
no settlement could be effected, for neither side would yield
the point. When the NINTH was disbanded, the right wing
of the Fifth-fifth applied for permission to withdraw from
that regiment, and assume the number of the disbanded
organization. The request was granted, and thus was formed
the regiment whose history it is purposed recording in these
pages.

It must not be supposed that the transfer mentioned was
made without a great deal of " influence " being brought to
.bear upon the state authorities. Mr. Alexander Henriques,
of Company G, "City Guard," was chairman of the committee
.appointed to urge upon the Adjutant-General the necessity of
the change, and it was not until after several weeks of persistent
work that the efforts of the applicants were successful, and
the following order issued :

GENERAL HEADQUARTERS, STATE OF NEW YORK,

Adjutant-General's Office,

Albany, June 231/1, 1859.
•GENERAL ORDERS, )
No. 1 8. |

vr * * * * *-

II. Colonel Lucius Pitkin (assigned to the command of the
23rd vacant Regimental District, 3rd Brigade, ist Division,
by General Orders No. 41, of May 3rd, 1858) is hereby trans
ferred from the District and assigned to the command of the

THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1859

22nd Regimental District, and will at once report to Brigadier-
General Charles Yates. commanding' the 2nd Brigade.

<-> O

III. The 2^rd Regimental District will be hereafter desie-

fc/ O O

nated as the gth Regimental District.

IV. Michael M. Van Beuren, Thomas T. Ferris, and
William H. Hallick, all of the city of New York, are hereby
appointed, Colonel, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Major of the
9th Regimental District, and of the troops which may be
transferred thereto, or organized therein. They will be obeyed
and respected accordingly.

V. Companies B, G, and K, of the 55th Regiment, 3rd
Brigade, ist Division, are hereby detached from said regi
ment, and transferred to the gth Regimental District, same
Brigade. The commandants of these companies will immedi
ately report for duty to Colonel Van Beuren, commanding the
9th District.

VI. The several companies transferred by the preceding
paragraph are hereby organized as the NINTH Regiment.
Colonel Van Beuren will, without delay, re-letter these com
panies, and forward to this department a return of the names
of the officers and the number of non-commissioned officers
and privates under their respective company letters.

VII. The Field Officers of the NINTH Regiment will, on

. o

receipt of this order, report personally to Brigadier-General
William Hall, commanding the j:rd Brigade.
By order of the Commander-in-Chief,

FREDERICK TOWNSEND,

A djutant- General.

HEADQUARTERS, FIRST DIVISION, N. Y. S. M.

New York, June 27, 1859.
GENERAL ORDERS, )
No. 4. a (

The foregoing General Orders, No. 18, are promulgated for the information and
government of the Division.

Brigadier-General Hall will cause a report to he made to the Major-General of a
register of the Officers of the NINTH Regiment, with their places of residence as soon
as the organization is completed.

By order

Major-General CHAS. W. SANFORD,

R. C. WETMORE, Division Inspector.

CITY GUARD. 9

NINTH REGIMENT, -CITY GUARD," X. Y. S. MILITIA.

New York, July \, 1859.
ORDERS, }
No. i. \

The officers composing this regiment will attend a meeting on Thursday evening,
;th inst. at eight o'clock, at the Armory, No. 654 Broad ivay, to organize the command,
and to make suitable arrangements to comply with orders of the A. G. O. No. 18, viz.:
to re-letter the companies transferred to this command, and to report the number of
officers, non-commissioned officers and privates, under the respective letters.

Commandants of companies will make out their returns in accordance with the
above, and deliver them to me, on the night of the meeting, that they may be trans
mitted to the Adjutant-General without delay.

By order of

M. M. VAN BEUREN,

Colonel.

At the meeting, the companies B, G and K, late of the
Fifty-fifth, were re-lettered A, C and B, respectively.

Company A, " State Guard," previous to its connection
with the Fifty-fifth, had been known as Company F, Second
Regiment, and under its popular commander, Captain Joseph
H. Johnson, was a wide awake and active organization.
Company B, (< Swiss Rifles " — as its name indicates — was com
posed of natives of that oldest of republics, Switzerland, and
the personnel continued mostly the same throughout the period
of the war; one of its members, Joseph A. Moesch, rising to
the rank of colonel, and yielding up his life while gallantly
leading the regiment at the battle of the Wilderness. The

o o

" City Guard," whose members prided themselves upon their
high social standing, was organized June I4th, 1833, by Cap
tain William M. McArdle, and was chen known as the
" Pulaski Cadets," and later as the "City Tigers." In 1840
it was attached to the Two-hundred and Twenty-second reg
iment — or regimental district — and lettered B. In 1857 it
was transferred to the Fifty-fifth as Company G, and finally
found a permanent resting-place as Company C in the
NINTH.

Recruiting was at once begun, with a view to increase the
number of companies, as well as to fill up the old ones. Mr.
John Wr. Davis succeeded in raising a fourth company, and on
September i6th, it was mustered as Company D, Mr. Davis
being commissioned Captain. On the iQth the companies

10 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1859

met and adopted the name "City Guard " for the regiment,
which action was formally announced in regimental orders, No
6, series of 1859. On the gth of October the regiment was
inspected at Hamilton Square, one hundred and eighty men
answering to roll-call.

Owing to the subsequent career of the writer, the following
letter is of special interest :

New York, \~jth November, 1859.
BRIG.-GKN. FRED. TOVVNSEND,

Adjutant-General, New York State Militia.

SIR : I beg leave most respectfully to call your attention to a deficiency which exists
in the organization and instruction of the militia forces of this city, and to ask your
co-operation in supplying that deficiency as far as may he practicable.

It cannot have escaped your notice, that the enormous increase of the calibre of
heavy guns, and the propulsion of vessels of war by steam, have inaugurated and
developed a new system of attack upon seaport towns, as evinced in the late European
wars.

The slow and precarious method of landing troops for the purposes of such attack
has been abandoned, and, as a natural consequence, infantry, cavalry and light artillery,
for the defense of seaboard towns, have become of secondary importance, and the
heavy sea-coast gun, must hereafter be looked to as the proper and legitimate means of
defense. I, therefore, propose to commence by giving lessons to Company C, 9th
Regiment, in the drill of the sea-coast gun, and in order to do this we shall require a
modified casemate carriage and gun, which, with the requisite implements, I can pro
cure for about four hundred dollars. It does not seem right to put this expense upon
the company, which has expressed a willingness to devote its time to this species of
instruction, in addition to the usual infantry drill ; and I have, therefore, the honor to
iisk your intercession with the Legislature, during the ensuing winter, to induce them
to make an appropriation for this specific purpose. When the trifling amount of the
expense is considered, in connection with the vast interests involved, I cannot doubt
that this application will meet with success.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

M. LOVELL.

Captain Mansfield Lovell, a graduate of West Point, was
certainly alive to the necessity of training the Militia in the
use of artillery for sea-coast defence; and inasmuch as the
NINTH had been designated — as were nearly all the Militia
infantry regiments in N. Y. City— as heavy artillery, it seemed
quite proper that the members should be instructed in that arm
of the service. After much delay the Captain's suggestion was
approved, and the company occasionally visited Fort Hamilton,
where the men were faithfully drilled by their commander, so

i859

I I

that, during the civil war, when they were arrayed against
their former Captain and instructor, the members were enabled
to give a good account of themselves.

On the ist of December, Company E, Captain William
Atterbury, was mustered into the State service. On the
evening of the 6th, the Board of Officers met and ratified the
action of the Adjutant-general, in appointing the Field-officers.

The register of officers of the NINTH at the close of the
year, with date of rank, was as follows :

Field and Staff.

Colonel, Michael M. Van Beuren,
Lieutenant-Colonel, Thomas T. Ferris,
Major, William H. Hallick,
Adjutant, Charles B. Bostwick, .
Quartermaster, Alexander Henriques,
Surgeon, E. Willis Fisher, .
Surgeon's Mate, Edward H. Andrew,
Engineer, Henry L. Stevens,
Paymaster, Henry L. King,
Chaplain, Stephen R. Baker,

June 25th, 1859.
June 25th, 1859.
June 25th, 1859.
July ;th, 1859.
July ;th, 1859.
July ;th, 1859.
December 6th, 1859.
July ;th, 1859.
July ;th, 1859.
November ist, 1859.

Company A (State Guard).

Captain, Joseph- H. Johnson, . December loth, 1851,

First Lieutenant, George W. Carpenter, February i /th, 1858.

Second Lieutenant, Charles C. Reed, December 8th, 1859.
Additional Second Lieutenant, Henry

A. Luther, .... December 8th, 1859.

Company B (Swiss Rifles).

Captain, Henry L. Robert,
First Lieutenant, Louis Billon,
Second Lieutenant, John Deppeler,

June loth, 1852.
June nth, 1851.
Decejnber 6th, 1859.

12 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1860

Company C (City Guard).

Captain, Mansfield Lovell, . . July 2Oth, 1859.

First Lieutenant, Edward L. Stone, May 5th, 1857.

Second Lieutenant, David Banks, jr. April 26th, 1859.
Additional Second Lieutenant, Charles

E. Prescott, , . . April 26th, 1859.

Company D.

Captain, John W. Davis, . . September i6th, 1859.

First Lieutenant, Edmund R. Greene, September i6th, 1859.
Second Lieutenant, William F. Henry, September i6th, 1859.
Additional Second Lieutenant, William

E. Jackson, . , . . December 2ist, 1859.

Company E.

Captain, William Atterbury, . . December ist, 1859.

First Lieutenant, John B. Coppinger, December ist, 1859.

Second Lieutenant, Edward P. Sanderson, December ist, 1859.
Additional Second Lieutenant, John

Meeks, Jr. . . . . December ist, 1859.

On January 2oth, 1860, Lieutenant-Colonel Ferris resigned.
February 22nd the regiment paraded in honor of the one
hundred and twenty-eighth anniversary of Washington's Birth
day. The line formed on Great Jones street, right resting on
Broadway, at two o'clock, P. M. It rained hard all clay, and
the fact of the parade being executed under such circumstances,
was commented upon by the Military Gazette, of March ist,
as follows :

The occurrence of a severe storm on the 22nd ult., enables us to express views we
have long held, with reference to parades of mere courtesy and display, during unfav
orable weather.

The 22nd was to be commemorated by a display of half-a-dozen of our city regi
ments, and there accordingly turned out on this, perhaps the worst day of the season,
a. couple of thousand of our young men ; the strength and flower of New York, stood
for hours the drenching of a pitiless rain, with their feet immersed in the salted slush
of our streets, no complaining, no shrinking of these proud fellows, and no one was
found to counsel that this exposure was unnecessary and uncalled for, and the public

i860 WASHINGTON STATUE AT THE CAPITAL. 13

will never hear how many of these sowed the seeds of disease, and brought on an early
death by this march. In our opinion no portion of the volunteer forces should be
allowed to make ceremonious parades in unfavorable weather.

We are well aware that no regulation of the commander-m-chief will reach this
matter — it springs from a sense of honor and pride, motives we shall be the last to
deprecate, but which, in this particular, lead to excess. The correction lies in public
opinion, outside as well as inside of regiments, and we trust that officers and men will
reflect upon the subject, and determine that hereafter, no esprit da corps shall carry
them away from their duty to themselves, their families and friends. Let it be once
understood that the regimental and company musters of ceremony are to be postponed,
whenever it is found that they cannot take place without manifest clanger to the health
of the men, and we shall rind valuable recruits for the service, who are now restrained
from joining by an unwillingness to expose themselves to the winter storms of this
climate.

No one will apply our remarks to the sterner duties of the citizen soldier; they must
be performed blow it ever so hard, and we know that our men will not be wanting.

The Seventh Regiment had gone to Washington to cele
brate the day, and assist at the inauguration of the Washing
ton Statue, and when it returned on the morning of the 24th,
it was met by the Twelfth Regiment, Colonel Daniel But-
terheld, three hundred and twenty-five strong, the NINTH.
under Colonel Van Beuren, which mustered two hundred, and
about a hundred members of the Seventh, who had remained
at home.

The escorting troops assembled early and marched to the
City Hall Park, where they remained till eleven o'clock, then
marching to the Cortlanclt Street Ferry, and having properly
received their comrades of the Seventh, marched at their head
to where a salute was to be fired by a detachment of Company
F, Fourth Artillery, Captain McMahon. After that, continu
ing on to the Armory of the Seventh.

On May 28th, the Third Brigade — in which was the NINTH
—Brigadier-General William Hall, commanding, proceeded to
East New York for instruction in drill.

The abuse of power in appointing chaplains and surgeons
in the Militia regiments, where the incumbent was of neither
the theological or medical profession, became so notorious
that the Military Gazette of June 1st, 1860, printed the follow-

14 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1860

In regard to the professional experience of some of the surgeons of the New York
Militia Forces, we have, by way of illustration, compared the list of officers of the First
Division Medical Staff, as given in the Adjutant-General's Register (Report of 1860,
pp. 81-83), w'tn tne City Directory, with the following result :

SURGEONS. — 1st Regiment, F. F. Resch, "Segars;" 2nd Regiment, John C. Devin,
"Hosiery;" 4th Regiment, Henry E. Davies, "Lawyer;" 5th Regiment, George
Dieffenback, " Butcher;" nth Regiment, Elrick Family, " Dentist ;" 23nd Regiment,
Wm. Seligman, "Clothing;" 55th Regiment, Ernest Cazet, " Merchant ;" 6gth Regi
ment, Jos. B. Tully, " Lawyer."

CHAPLAINS. — (Adjutant General's Report, p. 87) ist Regiment, A .Toedtleberg,
" Grocer;" 2nd Regiment, Rich. Goodwin, "Tailor;" 4th Regiment, Ed. R. Bell, "No
Occupation;" 5th Regiment, Chas. C. Eddy, "Broker;" 6th Regiment, Chas. H.
Phillips, " Drugs ;" 73d Regiment, Geo. M. Wheaton, " Glass."

An order was afterwards issued requiring that all chaplains
should be clergymen, and surgeons graduates of medical
schools.

June i6th, the regiment paraded with the first division in
honor of the arrival of the Japanese Embassy. The troops
mustered on the Battery at two o'clock, P. M., and at three
the distinguished visitors were in their carriages and the line
in motion. The division had been detailed as the euard of

honor. The Military Gazette said of the NINTH on this
occasion :

The NINTH regiment is of quite a different genus from the old NINTH. A small,
elegantly dressed personage ; with a high, erect, head, and very proud tread. Decid
edly the most beautiful artillery uniform in the country ; cloth of the first quality ; and
all the trimmings of the richest material, and arranged with most exquisite taste.

This regiment looked like a thorough-bred black Spanish cock, with his broad,
bright, red comb, glossy, dark plumage, and gallant mien, swelling much larger and
grander than his weight (numbers) would seem to justify.

The NINTH is a select nucleus of a splendid regiment (which is wanted, and it is to
be) of heavy artillery. It will be no doubt, one day, as large as it nows looks.

The 4th of July was celebrated by a parade of the First
Division, but coming so soon after the Japanese visitors, the
ranks were not as full as its friends desired. The Military
Gazette said of the occasion.

* * * This is an American's particular natal day, and should be ushered in by the
booming of cannon, and be kept up by martia'l display.

Let the officers and men of the Militia bear in mind that they are the same class of
soldiers who were, in the revolutionary clays, called upon to do their country's fighting ;
and should the necessity again arise, they would be the force on which the country
must depend.

i860 REPUBLICAN BLUES OF SAVANNAH. 15

On the I4th, the "Chicago Cadets," Captain Elmer E.
Ellsworth (Paymaster-General, State of Illinois), afterwards
the renowned Colonel of the "Eire Zouaves " —Eleventh N.
Y. Vols. — arrived in New York, and were received by the
Sixth Regiment. Their drill in Madison Square, before an
immense audience, was a complete success; the Cadets cutting
their way straight through the heart of New York, carrying
the very citadel of its selt-esteem by assault.

The gallant and athletic strangers found no competitors,
but only admirers and friends, and were well looked after
while in the city by the Sixth Regiment, Company E, of the
Eighth, and Company C of the Thirteenth ; members, too, of
the NINTH contributing to the pleasure and comforts of the
Zouaves.

The next body of visitors were the " Republican Blues," of
Savannah, Ga., and of their reception the Gazettf, said, in its
issue of the 25th :

The Republican Blues, Captain John W. Anderson, of Savannah, Ga.. upon invita
tion of the City Guard, arrived in New York about the time of the departure of the
Chicago Zouaves, in consequence not creating any marked sensation ; but it was obvi
ous that the men were of the best kind, and well commanded.

The company was formed on the ist of May, 1 808, since which date it has had but
four captains, including the present. They marched easily and without any pretense
of comparing themselves with any other corps ; as well-bred gentlemen they gained
the esteem of all who looked at them.

Coming from the South, New York people had an opportunity of exhibiting their
courtesy and appreciation of the brotherhood of the whole country; and as far as the
reception was public or private, this sentiment of fraternity and mutual confidence and
esteem, was the prevailing idea.

At the banquet given by the Guard to the Blues, as they were about to leave, the
assurance of a warm personal friendship were prominent in the speeches.

Captain Anderson, of the Blues, upon being called upon for a speech, said :

" Brethren and soldiers of the New York City Guard : The Republican Blues,
through their captain, return you their warm, their true, their sincere thanks ; we shall
never forget your kindness. Your names shall ever be associated with ours as
Brothers ; and we hope that we may have the opportunity of convincing you that we
really do love you."

The health of Captain Lovell having been proposed, and at his request, Alexander
Henriques replied in part, as follows :

" Gentlemen of the Blues : You have, in common with us, partaken of the crystal
fount of friendship ; you have been actuated by the same motives that have actuated
us in receiving you. This is no miracle ; it is the undercurrent of the national con
sanguinity, which never shall, which never can be perverted, as long as patriots exist

1 6 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1860

at the North and at the South ; and this same feeling of good-fellowship towards the
South exists in the North-west and at the East.

Corporal Mercer, of the Blues, replied with a few remarks to a toast complimentary
of his company.

Captain Lovell then introduced Ex-Lieut. -Colonel Ferris of the NINTH, who spoke
a few happy sentiments of pleasure at being present.

The " Blues" were quartered at the Lafarge House while
in the city ; most of the time was spent in visiting the neigh
boring places of interest, amongst which was Throngs Neck,

<-? *• Zj O O

where they were entertained in glorious style by Mr. B, M.
Whitlock ; they also visited the residence of Lieut-Colonel
Ferris, at Bloomingdale.

Before leaving, the " Blues," ninety-six men strong, were
photographed by Brady, and upon their return to Savannah,
a set of resolutions were engrossed and sent to the City
Guard, in compliment to the many courtesies extended to them
during their visit to New York.

On the afternoon of the 25th, guests and hosts marched
down Broadway. The " Blues " baggage wagon, which fol
lowed, was decorated with a number of American Hags, while
on top was a large white streamer, on which were the words
in red letters, "City Guard." In rear of the wagon was a
banner with the following inscription :

Savannah Blues '.

No North (Cap of Liberty) No South

No East (Clasped Hands) No West

New York, July 25, 1860.

This Savannah company, as well as the " City Guard,"
took prominent and antagonistic part in the Civil War, which
so soon followed this interchange of brotherly fellowship.

On the 3ist of August, Lieutenant John B Coppinger, of
Company E, addressed a letter to Lord Palmerston, the Brit
ish Premier, asking whether his Company would be permitted
to land in England, " armed and equipped as the U. S. law-
directs," on a military excursion, to exchange courtesies with
the English Volunteers; and on the i2th of October, Lord

i860 KKCKPTIOX OF THE PRINCE OF WALES. I/

Palmerston replied that Her Majesty's government, as well
as the whole British nation, would feel very great pleasure at
a friendly visit from any portion of the people of the United
States, but that it would not be consistent with the laws of the
United Kingdom, that a body of armed men, organized as a
military body, and not being subjects of the British Sovereign,
should land in the United Kingdom and move about therein.
His Lordship added, however, that if any of the members of
Company E, were to come over to England in the summer of
the next year, bringing with them their rifles for the purpose
of entering into competition at the annual rifle-shoot, they
would be, no doubt, most heartily welcomed.

Early in October, the "State Guard" (Company A), Cap
tain Johnson, entertained at a banquet in the Apollo Rooms,
the New Haven Grays. Speeches were made by Colonels
Van Beuren and Le Gal, Captain Johnson, and Captain
Osborn of the " Grays." The entertainment was a flattering
success, and was highly enjoyed by those present.

On the iith, the Eirst division — four brigades — and the

Eirst brigade of the Second division, paraded in honor of the
Prince of Wales. Line was formed at noon, on the Battery,
and after waiting some time for the distinguished visitor, the
troops were dismissed for refreshments, but the roar of the
salute to royalty, fired from Eort Columbus, soon brought the
men in line a^ain. About two o'clock, the Revenue Cutter

Harriet Lane,' carry ing the Prince and his suite, and a party
of gentlemen who had gone down the bay to meet them,
landed at Castle Garden. This venerable depot for " distin
guished foreigners " received the part}-, who were welcomed by
the Mayor, Fernando Wood, in the name of the city. Major-
General Sandforcl received the Prince at the " Castle " gate ;
the visitors were then mounted upon gaily caparisoned horses
and proceeded to review the troops.

After this the line moved to the City Hall Park, where the
Prince and the Mayor made another review and were tendered
a marching salute.

An immense crowd, variously estimated at from one to two
2

1 8 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1860

hundred thousand people, witnessed the pageant, and as many
more were disappointed in not seeing the royal visitor, for it
was dark before the column reached Canal Street. The right
of it was halted at Great Jones Street, and when the troops
had been placed in line on the east side of Broadway, the royal
party passed, under the escort of Captain Joshua M. Varian's
troop of cuvalry of the Eighth regiment. The throng crowding
the sidewalks and looking from every window obtained but a
glimpse of the Prince, as with his white plumed chapeau in
hand, he bowed his acknowledgments to the hearty greeting.
The NINTH would have appeared to better advantage had the
number tinder arms been greater ; as it was, the regiment
looked well, and the companies marched with a steady step and
an even front. For reasons best known to the members, the
Sixty-ninth regiment refused to appear in the parade.

On the 1 2th of November, Company C, under command of
Captain Lovell, went to Fort Hamilton for target practice
with the heavy guns. The company mustered about sixty,
and marched to the Wall Street ferry, where it embarked up
on the Union Ferry Company's boat Peconic, graciously fur
nished for the occasion.

The sail down the bay was enlivened by the music of
Doclworth's band. A number of invited quests were in the

party, among whom were General Hall, Colonels Bostwick and
Burnham ; Major Lansing, Captain Sweeny, Lieutenant Johns,
U. S. A., and Mr. Smith, the president of the ferry company.
Arriving at the dock, near Fort Hamilton, the company
marched to the parade ground, doffed their bear-skin shakos,
donned their fatigue caps, and assembled about the guns on
the barbette tier. From amoncj the older members of the

company, seven gun's crews of five men each were selected,
who manned the old 32 pounders. Each crew fired one round
of blank cartridge, after which the pieces were shotted.

A target, ten by twenty feet in size, had been anchored in
the bay, at a distance of one mile from the fort, against which
the practice fire was directed. The first discharge was a direct
" line shot," and the ball fell onlv a few feet short of the mark.

1860 AT FORT HAMILTON. 19

Each gun's crew fired in turn, and the second shot of the

second round struck and unmoored the target, which, moving

. & &

with the tide, or current, made it an exceedingly difficult object
to hit. The firing, however, was kept up, and several shots
reached the object. When the target had Moated out of range,
the firing ceased. The company soon after returned to the
•city, and while en route were treated to a collation, at which
toasts were drank and complimentary speeches delivered. All
•voted the trip a decided success. Much military knowledge
had been gained, and a delightful social occasion enjoyed.
Upon arrival at the city, at four o'clock, the company paraded
through Wall Street and Broadway back to the armory, and
•were then dismissed.

The •Military Gazette had this to say of Company C :

* * * The " City Guard " is composed of young men of the best families, and they
were thought to he rather too slim and too nice to manage barbette and casemate
guns. But Captain Lovell has shown that his young men are of the right kind. Not
above the work and labor of the battery ; not too weak and effeminate for the service of
heavy artillery.

2O THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1860

CHAPTER II.

REBELLION— SECESSION.

The Presidential Election of 1860. — Secession of South Carolina and Other States. —
State of Feeling in the North. — " If Any One Attempts to Haul Down The Ameri
can Flag, Shoot Him on the Spot !" — Official Documents. — Major Robert Ander
son. — Attack on Fort Sumter and its Surrender. — Excitement in the North.— The
President's Call for Troops. — The NINTH Offers its Services. — Resignation of
Colonel Van Beuren. — Recruiting under Difficulties. — Off for Washington. —
Arrival at the Capital.

^HE presidential election, held on November 6th, resulting
in the choice of the Republican candidate, Abraham
Lincoln, so incensed the Southern wing of the Democratic
party — which for over twenty years had controlled legislation
at the National Capital — that they determined to withdraw
their States from the Federal Union. They feared that the
incoming administration might approve of laws detrimental to
the slave-holding interest and, asserting that the Constitution
warranted them in taking this step, set about forming a " South
ern Confederacy." On the 2Oth of December the State of
South Carolina, by its convention, issued the following :

THE STATE OF SOUTH* CAROLINA :

At a convention of the People of the State of South Carolina, begun and holden at
Columbia, on the seventeenth day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and sixty, and thence continued by adjournment to Charleston, and
there, by divers adjournments, to the twentieth day of December in the same year:

AN ORDINANCE to dissolve the union between the State of South Carolina and
other States united with her under the compact entitled " The Constitution of the
United States :"

We, the People of the State of South Carolina in convention assembled, do declare
and ordain, and it is hereby declared and ordained, that the ordinance adopted by us
in convention on the twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand
seven hundred and eighty-eight, whereby the Constitution of the United States of
America was ratified, and also all acts and parts of acts of the general assembly of
this State, ratifying amendments of the said Constitution, are hereby repealed ; and the
union now subsisting between South Carolina and other States, under the name of the
" United States of America," is hereby dissolved.

1861 SECESSION OF THE STATES. 21

Done at Charleston, the twentieth clay of December, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and sixty.

D. F.JAMISON,

Dc/c* ate from Barmuell.
President of t lie Convention, and others.
Attest:

BKNJAMIX F. ARTHUR,
Clerk of the Convention.

The other States which were to compose the Southern
Confederacy followed the lead of South Carolina early in
1861 ; Mississippi, January Qth ; Florida on the loth ; Alabama
on the i ith ; Georgia on the igth ; and Louisiana on the 26th.
On February ist, Texas went out ; Virginia on April i /th ;
Askansas on the 6th, and North Carolina on the 2Oth of
May. The Legislature of Tennessee passed an ordinance of
secession on May 6th, subject to ratification by the people on
the 8th of June ; the result of the vote was an apparent
majority for the ordinance, but this was brought about largely
through the intimidation of Union voters by State troops,
organized by Governor Isham G. Harris, a strong Seces
sionist.

The people of the North looked on in wonder and aston
ishment at this action of the " Cotton " States, and when those
States began to arm and equip soldiers for the purpose of
enforcing the secession movement, the loyal people were
amazed. The South had already taken forcible possession of
forts and arsenals, and the sad truth began to dawn on the
minds of the loyal North that war, withtall its horrors, was
inevitable — that the " Irrepressible Conflict" was upon them.

This southern falacy of a Union based on dis-nnion at the
option of any one of the contracting States, could not be tol
erated by the majority of the people of the North ; irrespective
therefore of party affiliations, preparations were begun to
oppose the action taken by their southern brethren.

At a meeting of the Board of Officers of the NINTH, held
on the 5th of January, and upon request of the officers of
Company C, a resolution was passed, dropping the name of
"City Guard," Company C afterwards assuming that title

22 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1861

exclusively. On the 22nd, Captain Mansfield Lovell, in a let
ter to Company C, tendered his resignation.

Towards the end of the month, a cabinet officer electrified
the North, and gave the key-note to the loyal people of the
United States, by making use of an expression, in a telegram
of instructions to a special agent of the government at New
Orleans. This agent had been sent there by the Treasury
Department for the purpose of securing the revenue cutters
Robert McClelland and Lewis Cass, from seizure by the State
of Louisiana. The agent, William Hemphill Jones, ordered
Captain Breshwood, commanding the McClelland, to take his
vessel to New York. On Breshwood's refusal to comply,
Jones telegraphed to the Secretary of the Treasury and asked
for further instructions. The following is the reply ;

Washington, Jan. 29, 1861.
WM. HEMPHILL JONES,

New Orleans.

Tell Lieutenant Caldwell (presumably the Second officer) to arrest Captain Bresh
wood, assume command of the cutter, and obey the order I gave through you. If
Captain Breshwood, after arrest, undertakes to interfere with the command of the
cutter, Lieutenant Caldwell is to consider him as a mutineer, and treat him accordingly.
If anyone attempts to haul down the American flag , shoot him on the spot.

JOHN A. DIX,

Secretary of the Treasury.

On the Qth of February, at Montgomery, Alabama, Jeffer
son Davis, of Mississippi, was elected Provisional President of
the so-called " Confederate States," and Alexander H. Stephens,
of Georgia, Vice-President, and they were inaugurated on the
iSth of the month.

Washington's Birthday, the 22nd, was duly celebrated by
the First division, N. Y. S. M., whose members, at an early
hour, assembled at their respective drill-rooms. At sunrise, a
salute of five hundred guns, ordered by Governor Edwin D.
Morgan, was fired from the Battery. The Military was
formed on Fourteenth Street, and after being reviewed by the
Governor, wheeled into column by companies, and marched
down Broadway, up Park Row, through the east gate of the
City Hall Park, and in passing gave a marching salute to the

1861 WAR — OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS. 25

City Fathers. The NINTH paraded six companies of twelve
files, with full band and drum corps.

On March 4th, President Lincoln was duly inaugurated,
and the Ship of State entered upon a tempestuous sea.

By special order No. 27, March 2ist, A. G. O., Albany,
Company B, of the Twenty-third regiment, " National
Grays," was transferred to the NINTH, and became Company
F. This company was organized and mustered into the State
service, May 4th, 1860, but owing to the fact that a sufficient
number had not been enrolled to entitle the organization to a
regimental charter, the transfer was made. The officers of
the new company and date of rank, were : Captain Allan
Rutherford, May Qth, 1860 ; First-Lieutenant, Edward Thorn,
sarn2 date ; Second-Lieutenant, Charles R. Braine, April gth,
1861.

On the 25th of March, a regimental order directed that
the quarterly meeting of the Board of Officers be held on
April 6th. at their room, No. 71 University Place, corner of
East Thirteenth Street, at which the committee on regimental
name would report. On the 2Qth, another regimental order
was issued, from which we make the following: extract :

The members of this command are hereby directed to appear, in full fatigue
uniform at the City Armory, corner of Elm and White streets, on Friday evening, the
19th of April next, at eight o'clock, at which hour the Regimental line will be formed,
for instruction and drill in street firing.

WAR.
The following are copies of official documents :

HEADQUARTERS, PROVISIONAL ARMY, C. S. A.

Charleston, S. C., April \ \th, 1861.

SIR . The Government of the Confederate States has hitherto forborne from any-
hostile demonstration against Fort Sumter, in the hope that the Government of the
United States, \vith a view to the amicable adjustment of all questions between the
two Governments, and to avert the calamities of war, would voluntarily evacuate it.

There was reason at one time to believe that such would be the course pursued by
the Government of the United States, and under that impression my Government has
refrained from making any demand for the surrender of the fort. But the Confederate
States can no longer delay assuming actual possession of a fortification commanding
the entrance of one of their harbors, and necessary to its defense and security.

24 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1861

I am ordered by the Government of the Confederate States to demand the evacua
tion of Fort Sumter. My aides, Colonel Chesnut and Captain Lee, are authorized to
make such demand of you. All proper facilities will he afforded for the removal of
yourself and command, together with company arms and property, and all private
property, to any post in the United States which you may select, the flag which you
have upheld so long and with so much fortitude, under the' most trying circumstances,
may be saluted by you, on taking it clown.

Colonel Chesnut and Captain Lee will, for a reasonable time, await your answer.
1 am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
G. T. BEAUREGARD,

Brig a flier- Genera! Commanding .
Major ROBERT ANDERSON,

Commanding Fort Snmter, Charleston Harbor, S. C.

[The Reply. |

FORT SUMTER, S. C., April 11, 1861.

GENERAL : I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your communication,
demanding the evacution of this fort, and to say, in reply thereto, that it is a demand
with which I regret that my sense of honor, and of my obligations to my Government,
prevent my compliance. Thanking you for the fair, manly, and courteous terms pro
posed, and tor the high compliment paid me,

I am, General, very respectfully your obedient servant,

ROBERT ANDERSON,
Major First Artillery, Commanding .
Brig. -General BEAUREGARD,

Commanding Provisional Army.

CHARLESTON, S. C., April \2th, 1861, three-twenty A. M.

SIR: By authority of Brigadier-General Beauregard, commanding the Provisional
Forces of the Confederate States, we have the honor to notify you, that he will open
the fire of his batteries on Fort Sumter in one hour from this time.
We have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servants,

JAMES CHESNUT, JR.,

A ide- de-ca mp .
STEPHEN I). LEE,

Captain, C. S. Army, Aide-de-camp.
Maj. ROBERT ANDERSON,

U . S. Army, Commanding Fort Sumter.

HEADQUARTERS PROVISIONAL FORCES.

Charleston, S. C., April I2///. 1861.
Hon. L. P. WALKER, Secretary of War.

SIR: I have the honor to transmit the enclosed copy of a correspondence with
Major Anderson, in consequence of which our fire was opened upon Fort Sumter at
half-past four o'clock this morning, as already communicated to you by telegraph.
The pilots reported to me last evening that a steamer supposed to be the Harriet
Lane, had appeared off the harbor. She approached slowly, and was lying off the
main entrance, some ten or twelve miles, when the pilot came in.
Respectfully, your obedient servant,

G. T. BEAUREGARD,

Brigadier-General Commanding*

i<S6i FORT SUMTER EVACUATED. 2$

At half-past four o'clock, on the morning of the I2th, the
Rebels opened fire on Fort Sumter. It is not necessary to
rehearse the action of Major Anderson and his brave asso
ciates ; suffice it to say, that afte-r a bombardment lasting
nearly two days, and when most of his guns were dismounted
and the garrison in danger of being destroyed in the conflag
ration caused by the burning buildings, the Major was obliged
to surrender. The evacuation took place on the I4th, the vic
tors " graciously " allowing the vanquished to salute and
haul down their flag, after which they were transferred to the.
steamer Baltic, lying off the bar, and conveyed to New York.

The news that the Rebels had. t; let loose the dogs of war,"
spread with lightning rapidity wherever there was telegraphic
communication, and from thence by word of mouth to every
hamlet in the land. From that moment, the citizens of the
North and South — with a few exceptions — casting aside party
ties, made their choice to stand by their sections, each side
appealing to the God of battles, and praying that He would
grant them the victory.

In all the Northern cities, towns, villages and hamlets,
meetings were .held to discuss the strange situation. The
people resolved to support the Government and those officers-
legally elected to enforce its laws, pledging their honor, lives,,
and treasure, to that end.

SUMTER.*

BY J. WOODRUFF LEWIS.
I.

Sullen clouds the night o'er-cast,

But in the murky gloom,
An eager host is gathering fast.
Impatient for the bugle's blast —
The martial note — to some the last,

That summons to the tomb.

* These lines were written by Major Lewis, after reading the telegraphic account
of the attack on Fort Sumter, and delivered at the close of an entertainment, " An
Evening with the Poets," at Canton, N. Y., April 17, 1861, after which he announced
his immediate departure for New York to enlist in the 9th Regiment for the War.
The announcement was received with great enthusiasm.

-6 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1661

II.

Hark, that roar ! Night thrills and quakes !

It is the signal gun !
That booming from the Battery wakes
The mother's hopes and fears, and makes
The patriot heart, for loved one's sakes,

Weep tears for War begun '

And now the guns from Sumter tell

Back the answering tale !
While from the shores adjacent knell,
The doom of men by shot and shell,
The fall — the groan— the wild farewell —
While battle-smoke, like pall of Hell.

Makes new-born widows pale !

IV.

Oh, shattered Hopes! Oh, night of Tears!

Do not thy curse extend !
By all the future's coming years.
By all humanity dreads and fears —
Oppression's bonds — the wrong that sears —
By each home that manhood rears —
By all a noble heart reveres —

May God the Right Defend !

On the 1 5th the following was issued :

BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.

A PROCLAMATION :

WHEREAS :. The laws of the United States have been for some time past and now
are opposed, and the execution thereof obstructed, in the States of South Carolina,
Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, by combinations too
powerful to be suppressed by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings, or by the
powers vested in the marshals by law :

Now, therefore, I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, in virtue of the
power in me vested by the Constitution and the laws, have thought fit to call forth,
and hereby do call forth, the militia of the several States of the Union, to the aggregate
number of 75,000, in order to suppress said combinations, and to cause the laws to be
duly executed. The details for this object will be immediately communicated to the
State authorities through the War Department.

I appeal to all loyal citizens to favor, facilitate, and aid this effort to maintain the
honor, the integrity, and the existence of our National Union and the perpetuity of
popular government, and to redress wrongs already long endured.

. I deem it proper to say that the first service assigned to the force hereby called

1861 THK MXTII VOLUNTEERS. 2/

forth will probably be to repossess the forts, places, and property which have been
seized from the Union, and, in every event, the utmost care will be observed, consistently
with the objects aforesaid, to avoid any devastation, any destruction of, or interference
with property, or any disturbance of peaceful citizens in any part of the country; and I
hereby command the persons composing the combinations aforesaid, to disperse and
retire peaceably, to their respective abodes, within twenty days from date.

Deeming that the present condition of public affairs presents an extraordinary
occasion, I do, hereby, in virtue of the power in me vested by the Constitution, convene
both Houses of Congress. The Senators and Representatives are therefore summoned
to assemble at their respective chambers at twelve o'clock, noon, on Thursday, the
fourth day of July next, then and there to consider and determine such measures as,
in their wisdom, the public safety and interest, may seem to demand.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the seal of the United
States to be affixed.

Done at the City of Washington, this fifteenth day of April, in the year of our
Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, and of the Independence of the
United States, the eighty-fifth.

ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
By the President,

WILLIAM H. SF.WARD,

Secretary of State.

On the 1 9th, in obedience to order No. 5, the NINTH
assembled at the City Armory, and after drill a meeting was
held, resulting in the

HEADQUARTERS, yrn REC.T. N. V. S. M.,

.-///-// i9///, 1 86 r.
SPECIAL ORDER, /
No. 10. (

The members of this command having voted unanimously to tender their services
to their country, in this hour of its need, it becomes necessary immediately to take
steps to place the Regiment upon a war footing, and recruit it to a war complement.

A Regimental Recruiting Station will therefore be forthwith opened, at the
Armory of Company A (Captain Johnson), at ?Io. 481 Broadway.

Commandants of companies will each detail two men from their respective com
mands daily, until further orders, whc will report for duty to the officer in command
of said recruiting station, from eight A. M. till seven P. M.

An officer will be detailed to remain in command of said station, daily, from eight
A. M. till seven P. M., as follows:

From Co. A, on Saturday 2oth inst., ; from Co. C, on Monday, 22nd inst. ; from Co.
D, on Tuesday, 23rd inst. ; from Co. F, on Wednesday, 24th inst. ; from Co. B, on
Thursday, 25th inst. ; from Co. E, on Friday, 26th inst. ; from Co. G, on Saturday, 27th
inst. ; and will report for subsequent days in the same order. Adjutant Coppinger,
Captain Davis, Quartermaster Henriques, and Lieut. Banks are appointed to solicit
and collect subscriptions to assist in defraying the expenses of equipping recruits.
By order of

COLONEL M. M. VAN BEUREN.

J. B. COPPINGER,

Adjutant.

28 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1861

On the 23rd a special meeting of the Board of Officers was
held, at which it was decided to petition the Adjutant-General,
to allow the NINTH to serve as light infantry instead of heavy
artillery. The application was informally made, and on the
8th of May the following extract from the letter received by
Captain Rutherford was made public ;

A petition from the officers of the NINTH regiment to be ordered to do duty as light
infantry has been received.

The application should properly come from the commandant of the regiment.
Will you please get the Colonel, or, if he has resigned, the Lieutenant-Colonel, to make
-an application to that effect.

On the /th of May, an inspection and parade was held in
Washington Square, at half-past one P. M., the men appearing
in fatigue uniform with overcoats.

On the iith regimental orders No. 13 announced the
acceptance of the resignation of Colonel Van Beuren, and
ordered an election to be held on the i6th inst. to fill the
vacancy.

Colonel Michael M. Van Beuren first entered the military
service of the State of New York as a member of the
"Napoleon Cadets," about the year 1840, of which company
he was afterwards Captain. Next he was Major of the Ninety-
seventh (ununiformecl) regiment ; then Lieutenant-Colonel of
the Twelfth regiment. On February ist, 1854, he was elected
Colonel of the Eleventh regiment, and resigned in May, 1858.
Upon the re-organization of the NINTH, June 25th, 1859, he
was commissioned its Colonel, and his appointment was
endorsed by the Board of Officers on the following 6th of
December. Although he desired to retire from active military
life, Colonel Van Beuren testified his loyalty, and the interest
he took in the fortunes of the NINTH, by contributing one
thousand dollars towards equipping the regiment for the field.

On Thursday, the i6th, a meeting of the Board of Officers
was held to elect a Colonel. Lieutenant-Colonel Hallick hav
ing refused to allow his name to be used, the choice fell upon
ex-Colonel John W. Stiles, late of the Eighth and Third
regiments. He was unanimously elected.

COLONEL JOHN W. STILES.

1861 OFFICERS WHO REMAINED TRUE. 29

On the i Qth day of April — the day upon which, through
Governor Morgan the services of the regiment had beqn
tendered to the government, — the NINTH was composed of
only six companies, averaging about fifty men each. Stronger
regiments were first accepted, however, until the State's quota,
under the call for seventy-five thousand men, had been filled.
Steps had been taken — as narrated — to fill up the companies,
and also to raise new ones. Unfortunately for this purpose, a
number of officers resigned. Those of the original officers
who remained true to the interests of the regiment in this

hour of need, and who were mustered into the U. S. Service on
the 8th of June, were, Lieutenant-Colonel William H. Hal-
lick, Adjutant John B. Coppinger, Engineer Henry L. Stevens,

Surgeon's- Mate Edward H. Andrew ; , Company A ;

Lieutenants Louis Billon and John Deppeler, Company B ;
Lieutenant Charles E. Prescott, Company C ; Captain John
W. Davis and Lieutenant Edmund R. Greene, Company D ;
Captain William Atterbury and Lieutenant Henry S. Brooks,
Company E ; and Captain Allan Rutherford and Lieutenant
Charles R. Braine, Company F. Company G, familiarly
known as the "Growlers" during the war, was recruited during
the month of April, through the efforts of the Captain of
Company E, \Villiam Atterbury, Sergeant-Major John Hend-
rickson, and Sergeant Joseph D. Wickham, who were elected
on April 25th, Captain, First and Second Lieutenants, respect
ively. Lieutenant Coppinger and Corporal Matthew S. Gregory
also exerted themselves to recruit the company. Company H,
"the Hams," was originally organized by Mr. James Young,
principally from the members of the Volunteer Fire Department,
and the transfer of " fire laddies " from other companies ; but as
sufficient progress had not been made, about May 2Oth, Mr.
Young withdrew, and Messrs. George Tuthill, John T. Lock-
man and Charles E. Tuthill completed the organization, and
were elected on May 24th to the various positions in the order
named. In January, Captain Lovell of Company C, went
South, where he was soon rewarded with a Major-General's

3O THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1861

commission in the Rebel army, and assigned to the command of
Department No. i, headquarters at New Orleans.

The officers of the several companies, besides attending to
the recruiting, drilled their commands daily, generally choos
ing Washington Square for that purpose.

At this time the militia regiments — with one exception,
the Seventh, — had none other than company quarters, and
those were not large enough for even company drill, battalion
movements perforce were performed in the open air — in some
convenient lot on the outskirts of the city, or in the public
parks.

Great care was exercised in the selection of the men com
posing the NINTH, each applicant was obliged to undergo a
critical examination by the surgeon, and so strict were the
officers respecting persons of doubtful moral character, that
few such gained admittance. While some financial aid was
given by the Union Defence Committee, many of the mem
bers purchased their own uniforms. The fatigue uniform,
worn upon entering the service, consisted of a cap of the French
pattern, braided in gilt, the regiment's number in front ; a
jacket, and overcoat with cape of dark blue; the cuffs of jacket
and coat, and coat cape, trimmed with red ; the trousers were
dark blue with a stripe of red cloth down the sides. The
equipments were of morocco with brass ornaments ; the regi
mental number was painted on the back of the knapsacks.

The regiment had now eight companies, embracing over
eight hundred men, and after having waited for weeks in daily
expectation of orders to proceed to Washington, the men
became much dissatisfied and urged the officers to assume
the responsibility and go ahead. Upon it being represented
to them that the U. S. Government would gladly accept the
services of the regiment on its arrival in Washington, it was
decided to leave the city as soon as transportation could be
secured, and without waiting for authority from the State of
New York.

The following orders explain themselves.

i86i PREPARING FOR WAR. 31

HEADQUARTERS, pTH REGT. N. Y. S. MILITIA,

New York, May 24*6, 1861.
GENERAL ORDERS, )
No. 9! f

The members of this Command are hereby directed to assemble for muster (with
out arms) in full fatigue uniform, with knapsacks, and overcoats rolled thereon, at
Washington Square, south side, right resting on Wooster Street, on Saturday, May 25th,
at two o'clock, P. M. Every man is required to be prepared for instant departure, to
which end he will have his entire kit in complete order, as the regiment will march
immediately, if it can be got in readiness. Blankets will be supplied on the requisition
of the commandants of companies, by Quartermaster Henriques, at Headquarters,
No. 71 University Place. All the officers and non-commissioned officers of the regiment
are directed to report themselves at Headquarters, Saturday morning, at nine o'clock,
for special orders in regard to their companies. The Drum Sergeant and Corps are
directed to report to Adjutant Coppinger, on the ground, at ten minutes before two
P. M. By order

JOHN W. STILES,

Colonel Commanding.

J. B. COPPINGKR,
Adjutant.

HEADQUARTERS, 9th REGT. N. Y. S. MILITIA,

New York, May 24/6, 1861.
.SPECIAL ORDERS, £
No. 16. \

In order that the regiment may be prepared to march to the seat of war at twenty-
four hours' notice, orders for which may be expected daily, special attention is called to
the following :

Officers will report daily, at nine o'clock, A. M., at the regimental headquarters, for
orders.

Commandants of companies will report to the Colonel, for orders to fill vacancies,
of commissioned or non-commissioned officers. Officers who have not received their
commissions will report the same.

Quartermaster Henriques, or his assistant, will be at headquarters daily, from
nine A. M. to eight P. M. to attend to requisitions from companies for clothing and
equipments which may be necessary to complete the outfit of their respective com
mands.

The Quartermaster is directed to prepare the necessary requisitions for the regi
ment, upon the State Quartermaster and Commissary.

The requisition for clothing and equipments will be filled by the Union Defense
Committee. The requisitions of the companies to complete their equipment, must be
consolidated this day, and handed to the Union Defense Committee, Commandants of
companies will see that their men are furnished with the following spare clothing, viz.:
two flannel shirts, two pairs woolen socks, one pair woolen trousers, one pair boots or
.shoes.

All clothing should be marked with the owner's name.

By order

JOHN W. STILES,

Com m a tiding .
J. B. COPPINGKR,
Adjutant.

32 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1861

The following is copied from the Herald (New York) of
May 26th :

THE NINTH REGIMENT.

THEIR PARADE YESTERDAY. THEIR DEPARTURE TO-MORROW.

In obedience to a general order, issued from the headquarters of this regiment, the
men assembled yesterday afternoon in Washington Square, for muster and inspection
by the Union Defense Committee. The Commander, Colonel John W. Stiles, instructed
all his men beforehand to have everything in complete order.

At the appointed time (two o'clock) the regiment formed, the right resting on
Wooster Street.

The radiant sunshine which sparkled athwart the vendure of the parade ground,
and flashed against the brilliant uniforms of the gayNlNTH.made the scene a very
pleasing one to the hundreds of persons who had congregated to witness the parade.
This regiment is composed of as fine a body of men as any that have yet left the
Empire City, and every one of them fills his uniform to perfection. They are mostly
above the medium height, and look both intelligent and respectable. The proficiency
which they showed yesterday was gratifying in the extreme, and proved that the men
had not been idle from the time they entered on a soldier's duty.

After the review in Washington Parade Ground, the regiment was inspected by
the Union Defense Committee in Fourteenth Street. The Colonel has issued an order
for the members of the regiment to assemble at two o'clock to-morrow, which is as
follows :

GENERAL ORDERS, )

HEADQUARTERS, NINTH REGIMENT,

New York, May 26, 1861.

No. 10.

This regiment will march for Washington on Monday afternoon the 271)1 inst.
Members of the command are hereby directed to assemble at their respective armories
(without arms) in full fatigue uniform, with knapsacks packed and overcoats rolled
thereon, haversack, canteens, etc., on Monday afternoon, the 2/th inst., at two
o'clock.

The regimental line will be formed at three o'clock precisely, on Fourteenth Street,
right on Broadway. Officers will carry their overcoats slung. The non-commissioned
staff and drum corps will report to Adjutant Coppinger on the ground, at ten
minutes before three.

. All company officers baggage must be delivered at regimental headquarters, No.
71 University Place, corner Thirteenth Street, before twelve M. on Monday.

First sergeants are directed to inspect the kit of every man in their respective com
mands, and report to the Adjutant on the ground, with their companies, at ten min
utes before three P. M.

By order of

COLONEL JOHN W. STILES.
J. B. COPPINGER,

Adjutant.

Mr. Charles K. Herrick, of 75 John Street, notified the
regiment that he would supply the members, gratis, with one

l86l THE START FOR THE SEAT OF WAR. 33

thousand havelocks ; a most kind and generous act on his part,-
and which was gratefully acknowledged by the regiment.

The afternoon of the 2;th found the men assembled
according to orders. Line was formed on Fourteenth Street,
the right resting near University Place. As the regiment was
about to leave the State without the sanction of the Governor,
the men were without arms, those previously used belonging
to the State. Eight hundred and fifty men answered to roll
call. The officers, on being called to the front and center,
were briefly addressed by ex-Colonel Van Beuren, who feel
ingly expressed the honor and pleasure it gave him to see the
regiment before its departure ; he wished all an early and safe
return. The ranks, meanwhile, had been broken by the rela
tives and friends of the men. Many mothers and sisters could
hardly be induced to part with their dear ones. As for wives,
few in the regimenc were old enough to possess such connec
tions — for boys they were, the average age being less than
twenty-three years. Sweethearts were plenty, however, and
they, too, had to say "good-bye, God bless and preserve you,"
to , their favorite soldier lads. Many a silent prayer was
offered up for the safety of all.

At last the command " Fall in," was given, and with elastic
step and determined carriage, the uniformed citizens marched—
at about four o'clock — to the stirring strains of the band and
drum corps. The column was formed by platoons, and
marched through Fourteenth Street to Broadway, into which
it wheeled with much difficulty, owing to the crowd of people
which thronged into the thoroughfare. The march was of a
very different character from the parade of peaceful times ; in
many places the street was so densely packed that it was diffi
cult to make any headway, and the shouting and cheering
which greeted the regiment at every step was deafening.
Loyal lasses actually kissed the boys, while presenting them
with more substantial tokens of their affection, in the shape of
necessary articles for use in the field — pin-cushions, housewife,
and the like.

The great heart of the metropolis beat strongly in

34 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

sympatny and in encouragement for the gallant fellows who
represented its loyal and vigorous manhood, and the people
who lined the streets voiced the popular sentiment by every
conceivable demonstration of admiration and affection. The
march was continued down Broadway to Cortlandt Street,
thence to the Jersey City ferry, which was reached at half-past
six o'clock. Here the throng was so dense that great delay
was occasioned, and it was not till seven o'clock that the lines
were cast off and the boat allowed to proceed to Jersey City.
As the men marched on board the boat to the tune of " The
Girl I left Behind Me," cheers rent the air, which drowned for
a time the music of the band. It was with many sighs of
regret that both the girls and the band were left behind.

A sad accident, causing the first loss of life in the regiment
in its war history, occurred as the train came to a stop near
Bordentown. The careless discharge of a pistol in the hands of
a member, almost instantly killed Private Thomas C. Pollock
of Company D. He was standing on the canal bank at the
moment, and when shot fell into the water. Private Charles
H. Gesner, of Company D, plunged in and recovered the body,
from which life was already extinct. The corpse, in charge of
the gallant Gesner, was returned to sorrowing friends in New
York.

After many delays the train reached Camden at five o'clock
on the following morning, the regiment crossing the Delaware
river to Philadelphia, and, marching through the streets to the
Baltimore Station, it was again on the cars at seven o'clock.
The loyal city of Wilmington, Delaware, was soon passed ; and
when the train stopped at Havre-de-Grace, some little excite
ment was occasioned by the discovery of a rebel flag floating
over one of the houses. A few of the members visited the
house and compelled the owner to haul down the rag and hoist
the stars and stripes. The Susquehanna was crossed, by the
ferry-boat Maryland. Baltimore was reached at one o'clock
in the afternoon, and as the NINTH were without arms, it was
expected that the Eighth, N. Y. S. M., would receive and escort
them through the city to the Washington Station ; but no-

l86l ARRIVAL AT WASHINGTON. 35

escort appeared. The crowd, which soon gathered, was an
orderly one, but it was easy to see that the advent of the NINTH
was not pleasing to the majority. Some few patriotic and
fearless people offered the men ice water and other refresh
ments, which were gladly accepted, the men being much
fatigued by the excitement of the past two or three days. A
train was in waiting when the regiment reached the station ;
the men were soon on board, and the cars rolled out. The
Relay House was passed without a halt. Union troops were
noticed all along the line performing guard duty. At five
o'clock in the afternoon — the 28th — the NINTH reached Wash
ington, the two hundred and twenty-eight miles being covered
in twenty-one hours. The men were happy in the thought of
having arrived safely at their destination, and were ready to do
their part towards the defense of the Capital.

36 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

CHAPTER III.

WASHINGTON.— THE ROCKVILLE CAMPAIGN.

The NINTH in Washington. — Armed and Equipped. — Reviewed by the President. —
Camp Cameron. — The Seventh N. Y. S. M. — "General Orders, No. 12." — Guard
and Picket Duty. — A Laughable Adventure. — Beauregard's " Beauty and Booty "
Proclamation.— -Mustered In. — Register of the Regiment. — Colonel Stone's Com
mand. — The Maiden March. — Rockville. — The First New Hampshire.— The
Camp. — On the March Again. — An Alarm. — Darnestown. — Camp Stone. — Camp
Sanford. — Detail for Picket. — Poolesville. — The Potomac. — Camp Hall. — Picket
Firing. — Muster and Inspection. — Election of a Major. — Point of Rocks. —
Detachment sent to Sandy Hook. — Celebration of the Fourth of July. — " Baptism
by Fire." — The Loss. — Sharpsburg. — Into Virginia. — Letters.

f T would be difficult to describe the condition of affairs at
this time. Loyal men knew not whom to trust. Regular
army officers were resigning and casting their lot with the
secessionists, and many in the civil service were held in dis
trust. Almost a majority of the inhabitants of Washington
were disloyal ; a large number remaining so through the whole
war, while a few acted as spies for the Confederates.

The Woodward building, on Pennsylvania Avenue, near
Tenth Street, was designated as quarters for the regiment ;
some of the members, however, found better accommodations
at hotels and boarding-houses. Not having as yet been
sworn into the service, the men were privileged to go where
they pleased.

The following day was spent by most of .the regiment in
rambling about the city, scanning the bulletin boards for the
latest news, and comparing notes with chance acquaintances.

On the 3Oth, the regiment marched to the Arsenal, at the
foot of Four-and-a-half Street, where Harper's Ferry smooth
bore buck and ball muskets, caliber .69 were issued ; after
which it marched in review at the White House, before Presi
dent Lincoln, his Cabinet, and General Scott.

1 86 1 CAMP CAMERON. 37

On the morning of the 3ist, it was announced that the
regiment was to occupy Camp Cameron, on Meridian Hill,
where the Seventh N. Y. S. M., were then quartered ; the
thirty day's term of that regiment having expired, they had
been ordered to New York. A detail for guard duty was at
once made, consisting of Captain Allan Rutherford, Officer of
the Day ; Lieutenant Erastus R. Miller, Officer of the Guard ;
and Sergeant Angus Cameron, Sergeant of the Guard. They
proceeded to Camp Cameron and relieved the Guard of the
Seventh.

At three o'clock in the afternoon, line was formed, and the
regiment marched to its first camp, two miles distant on the
Harper's Ferry road. The Seventh was found drawn up in
line, and as the NINTH marched by, it received the compli
ment of a salute.

The camp was taken possession of at half-past five, the
Seventh leaving the NINTH as a legacy their wall-tents, all of
which were floored, and many of them containing mattresses,
chairs, wash-basins, etc., while some were even supplied with
a generous quantity of canned meats and other substantial
comforts, all of which were thankfully received, and the
extreme generosity of their fellow soldiers fully appreciated.

The following order was issued for the government of the

camp :

HEADQUARTERS, NINTH REGIMENT,

Camp Cameron, Washington, D. C.

May 3 is/, 1861.
GENERAL ORDERS, \
No. 12. \

Reveille will be heat at sunrise, under the direction of the officer of the guard,
\vhen the men will rise, and sentinels leave off challenging. A commissioned officer
will, fifteen minutes thereafter, superintend the roll call of each company, by the first
sergeants, upon the company parades, and the captain of each report the names of
absentees to the Colonel or commanding officer. Immediately after the reveille roll call,
the tents of each company, and the space around them, will be cleaned and put in
neat order by the men of the companies, superintended by the chiefs of squads or
messes, and the quarters of the guard by the guard or prisoners.

" Peas upon a trencher " will be beat at seven o'clock. " Troop " is to sound or
beat at eight o'clock for the purpose of assembling the men for duty and inspection
Before guard mounting.

Company drills from half-past eight to half-past nine battalion drills from ten to
eleven A. M., and dress parade at half-past five P. M.

38 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

The morning reports of the companies, signed by the captains and first sergeants,
will be handed to the Adjutant before eight o'clock A. M. and be consolidated by the
Adjutant within the next hour, for the information of the commanding officer of the
regiment.

The guard for each day will be one captain, one lieutenant, one sergeant, three
corporals, and ninety-six privates, furnished by detail from each company.

Guard mounting at half-past nine, at which time the officer of the day, the officer
of the guard and the detail for the day, will assemble on the regimental parade and be
formed by the adjutant and the sergeant-major.

The " Surgeon's Call " will be sounded immediately after guard mounting, when
the sick, able to go out, will be conducted by the first sergeants to the hospital tents,
for the examination of the surgeons. Patients unable to attend the dispensary will be
visited by the surgeon.

The camp will be inspected every day at five P. M. by the officer of the day, assisted
by the officer of the guard, when every man will be at his post — muskets stacked oppo
site respective tents — quarters clean and orderly.

Every man is required to give the strictest attention to the care and appearance of
his uniform and equipments, and will be held accountable for any loss, damage, or
injury thereto, other than reasonable wear.

" Roast Beef " at twelve M.

" Retreat " will be sounded at sun-set, for the purpose of warning officers and men;
for duty, ami reading the orders of the day.

"Tattoo" will be sounded at half-past nine P. M., after which no soldier is to be
out of his tent or quarters, unless by special leave ; and at ten o'clock, the " Taps '"
will be given, when all noise must cease in camp, and lights be extinguished.

The body belts will be worn on all occasions when the men are out of camp ; and
no article of dress, other than the regular uniform, will be permitted to be worn by offi
cer or soldier when on duty, or when out of camp.

Divine service will be held on Sunday at ten A. M. Every officer and soldier, not
on duty or the sick list, is expected to be present, in uniform, without arms.

All absentees at roll-call, without leave, will be punished by being deprived of
recreation for one week, or otherwise, in the discretion of the commanding officer of the
regiment. No compliment by guards or sentinels will be paid between Retreat and
Reveille. Strict order and regularity will be maintained by the commandants of
companies, and they will be held accountable for a want of disipline in their respective
commands, and will take proper measures to enforce it. The Articles of War will be
read by the commandants of companies to their respective commands, immediately
after Inspection ; and they will be governed by the rules and regulations of the United
States.

Loaded arms shall not be placed in stack ; nor shall any piece, except those of the
Guard, and for immediate target practice, or in apprehension of attack or necessity for
defense, be kept loaded upon camp-ground.

The " Assembly " is the signal to form by company.

" To the color " is the signal to form by battalion.

" The Long Roll " is the signal for getting under arms in case of alarm, or the
sudden appearance of the enemy.

" First Sergeant's Call ;" one roll and four taps.

" Sergeant's Call ;" one roll and three taps.

i86i HALT! WHO GOES THERE? 39>

" Corporal's Call ;" one roll and two taps.
" For Drummers ;" the drummers' call.

By order of
Official. J. W. STILES, Colonel Commanding.

J. B. COPPINGER, Adjutant.

The parade ground at once became the scene of the active:
school of the soldier, and the men soon showed remarkable
proficiency in the manual of arms. Since crossing the borders
of the State of New York, the regiment had been merely a
body of armed and uniformed citizens, without any military
status whatever, and it is greatly to their credit, that amid the
many difficulties encountered, from April iQth — the day they
volunteered — to June 8th, the date of their muster into the
U. S. service, nothing occurred to mar their record. Nearly
two months, during a period of actual war, is a very long time
to hold a body of patriotic men together, who are anxious to
meet the foes of their county. The NINTH'S experience before
it left New York cost it quite a number of members, who
hastened off to join organizations more fortunate, in that their
services were earlier accepted by the government. Night duty
for the first week was very exciting, especially from about ten
o'clock till dawn, the sentries imagination building an enemy
out of anything animate or inanimate that their ever-watchful
eye or ear could detect, and causing general alarms almost
without number. If the leaves of a tree or bush were agitated,,
an enemy was supposed to be lurking behind it, and then
upon the stillness of the night would ring out the challenge r
" Halt ! Who goes there ?" If a reply was not received, that
fact would add to the fear of the already half-frightened greea
soldier boy.

It was the oreneral belief, which to a certain extent wa&

true, that enemies were hovering about the camp night and
day. Quite near the camp was situated the buildings of
Columbia College, and when it was reported that lights were
frequently seen displayed at the windows at night, and that
the lights appeared to the observers to be of various colors, it
was believed that they were signals to the enemy. The pupils.

40 THE NINTH NEW YORK.

had all left, most of them for southern homes, and only the
janitor and a few officials remained. All the more reason for
believing the rumors. In the excited and uncertain condition

of affairs at this time, the mere report of such an occurrence
was proof positive that treason lurked in the institution. A
detachment under the command of proper officers was detailed
to visit the college and arrest all guilty or suspicious char
acters, and to seize all treasonable apparatus. A rollicking
Irishman, belonging to a cavalry company stationed near by,
hearing of the " secret " expedition, asked permission to join
it and, being a general favorite, his request was granted. At
low twelve the force started. On approaching the objective
point the commanding officer sent a portion of his men around
to the rear door, and also placed sentries at the four corners
of the building to prevent the escape of any fleeing parties,
while with the main body he boldy advanced to the front
entrance.

A series of thundering raps upon the door with the hilt of
his sword, and which re-echoed through the empty building in
an unearthly manner, finally brought some one to an upper
window with : " What's wanted there ?" uttered in no very
gentle tone. " This is a detail of the guard ; we wish to enter
the building; come down and open the door." With an
imprecation which sounded like " Damn you and the guard ?"
the head disappeared and the window was closed with a bang.
After waiting a few moments and hearing nothing further from
the inmates, the officer again raised his voice, and said that if
the door was not opened in three minutes he would enter by
force. After three minutes by the watch had expired, an
order to break open the door was given, and several men, with
the butts of their muskets, soon punched off the fastenings,
when the party entered the main hall. Leaving a guard at
the door the others made their way upstairs, encountering no
one until they entered a room on the top floor. Noise enough
to awaken the "Seven Slee jers " had been made, and yet,
there, upon a bed, and apparently sound asleep, lay two men.
The night was a hot one ; the occupants of the room evidently

l86l OH ! OH ! MURDER ! HELP ! 4!

had not expected company before being awakened, and as they
lay upon the bed, clothed with little else than a deep sleep,
their photographs, if exposed for sale, would doubtless have
been suppressed by a Comstock. One of the occupants lay
on his side with his back to the door, and as soon as the Irish
cavalryman grasped the situation, he, with a " whisht boys .!"
approached the sleeper. On coming up through the halls the
rollicking O'AIally had picked up an old rusty broad-bladed
saber, this he now raised, poised it a moment to be sure of his
aim, and then brought the flat of it down with a whack upon
the unprotected buttocks of the sleeper. With a yell like a
Comanche Indian, the victim sprang from the bed.

"Oh! Oh! Murder! Help!" he shouted, trying at the
same time to cover the sore spot with his hand and arm.
The boys were convulsed with laughter, some of whom — the
executioner among them — fairly rolling on the floor in their
efforts to do justice to the ludicrous scene.

The poor victim finally found words to demand what was
meant by the outrage. It was some time though before he
could be pacified, and assured that the assault upon his person
was merely a practical joke, and that it had nothing whatever
to do with the " official" visit of the guard. Finally the man
himself joined in the laugh — which was still kept up — but with
a somewhat gruesome countenance. He wasn't able to sit
down comfortably for a good while after his misadventure.

But what of the treasonable signal lights ? A couple of
lanterns, such as are used in the higher educational institutions
for the purpose of illustrating studies in natural philosophy,
were found, but there was nothing treasonable or unusual

in that.

But there was also discovered quite a number of hazel
sticks, six inches long and about three eighths of an inch in
diameter, which, it was said, had been used to form letters or
characters, and by being held up in front of the strong light of
the lanterns, could be read by the initiated at a great dis
tance. These little sticks, then, were the only substantial
trophies of the midnight visit ; they were distributed among

-42 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

the men, and one of the party had his still preserved as late as
1880.

The following lines, written by a member of the regiment
while at this camp, shows that the poetic spirit was present,
and that thoughts of Home and Mother helped to while away

the tedious night hours :

ON GUARD.

At midnight, on my lonely beat,

When shadows wrap the wood and lea,
A vision seems my view to greet

Of one at home that prays for me.

No roses bloom upon her cheek —

Her form is not a lover's dream —
But on her face so fair and meek

A host of holier beauties gleam.

For softly shines her silver hair,

A patient smile is on her face,
And the mild, lustrous light of prayer

Around her sheds a moon-like grace

She prays for one that's far away —

The soldier in his holy light —
And begs that Heaven, in mercy may

Protect her boy and bless the right.

Till, though the leagues lie far between,

This silent incense of her heart
Steals o'er my soul with breath serene,

And we no longer are apart.

So, guarding thus my lonely beat,

By shadowy wood and haunted lea,
That vision seems my view to greet

Of her, at home, who prays for me.

A few ciays after reaching Camp Cameron, New York
papers were received containing an address to the people of
Northern Virginia, issued by General G. T. Beauregard, then
in command of the rebel forces at Manassas. This document
was afterwards familiarly known as the " Beauty and Booty "
proclamation ; and is here given in order to show the feelings

l86l BEAUTY AND BOOTY. 43

which animated one of the leaders of the Southern army at

that time :

HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF ALEXANDRIA,

Camp Pickens, June 5, 1861.

TO THE GOOD PEOPLE OF THE COUNTIES OF LOUDOUN, FAIRFAX AND PRINCE

WILLIAM :

A reckless and unprincipled tyrant, has invaded your soil. Abraham Lincoln,
regardless of all moral, legal, and constitutional restraints, has thrown his abolition
hosts among you, who are murdering and imprisoning your citizens, confiscating and
destroying your property, and committing other acts of violence and outrage too
shocking and revolting to humanity to be enumerated. All rules of civilized warfare
are abandoned, and they proclaim by their acts, if not on their banners, that their war
cry is, " Beauty and Booty." All that is dear to man, your honor, and that of your
wives and daughters, your fortunes, and your lives, are involved in this momentous
contest.

In the name therefore of the constituted authorities of the Confederate States, in
the sacred cause of constitutional liberty and self government, for which we are con
tending in behalf of civilization, and humanity itsslf, I, G. T. Bsauregard, brigadier
general of the Confederate States, commanding at Camp Pickens, Manassas Junction,
do make this my proclamation, and invite and enjoin you by every consideration dear
to the hearts of free men and patriots, by the name and memory of your revolutionary
fathers, and by the purity and sanctity of your domestic firesides, to rally to the stand
ard of your State and country, and by every means in your power compatible with
honorable warfare to drive back and expel the invaders from your land. I conjure you
to be true and loyal to your country and her legal and constitutional authorities, and
especially to be vigilant of the movements and acts of the enemy, so as to enable you
to give the earliest authentic information to these headquarters, or to the officers
under my command.

I desire to assure you that the utmost protection in my power will be extended to
you all.

G. T. BEAUREGARD,
Brigadier General, Commanding ,

One day a detachment from the regiment, under command
of Captain Tuthill, left camp on some special duty, and as it
was not to return till after dark, the countersign was imparted
to the commanding officer.

On returning, and when within a mile or so of camp,
Joseph T. Hallock and his chum, of Company H, had
occasion to " fall out " for a special purpose, and before they
could rejoin the command, it had passed beyond the first out
post. By a little eloquent pleading, the two men were able to
satisfy some of the pickets of their right to pass, but as they

44 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1861

had several more posts to encounter before reaching camp,
Hallock's chum determined to obtain the countersign, and
upon approaching the next post, before the man on duty
could challenge, he did so, and called out : " Halt ! who goes
there?" "A friend," was the reply. "Advance friend, and
give the countersign," .and the sentry obeyed. Thus armed,
the boys had no further difficulty in passing the other posts ;
they reached camp juot as roll call was completed and the
Captain was wondering what had become of them

On the. 8th, the regiment was mustered into the service of

the United States — to serve during the war iinless sooner
discharged. Captain William D. Whipple of the regular
army was the mustering officer, and Adjutant General
Lorenzo Thomas, was present to witness the ceremony. The
regiment was formed in a hollow square on the parade ground,
when Colonel Stiles made a brief address, explaining the oath
which each man was expected to take, and, at the same time,,
giving those who did not wish to be sworn an opportunity to
retire. Eight hundred and thirty-seven men, with uplifted
hands, swore fealty, even unto death, in defence of their coun
try's honor and flag. About forty men concluded that they
had seen about all they wanted to know of active soldier-life,
and refused to be mustered. Senator Henry Wilson subse
quently introduced a bill into the Congress, which became a
law, defining the term of service of all those regiments who
had taken the oath to serve " during the war," to be : " three
years unless sooner discharged."

The following is the register of the original war officers,
and the number of enlisted men upon the rolls of the regi
ment, up to September ist, 1861.

Colonel.

John W. Stiles.

Lieut. Colonel. Major.

William H. Hallick. William Atterbury.

Adjutant. Quartermaster.

John B. Coppinger. Henry L. Stevens.

l86l WAR REGISTER AND NUMBER OF MEMBERS. 45

Surgeon. Asst. Surgeon.

John R. Bigelow. Howard Pinkney.

Chaplain.

Benjamin T. Phillips.
Non-commissioned Staff Officers and the Band, 39.

Company A.

Captain, Joseph J. Morrison.

First Lieut, John Dalrymple. Second Lieut., Ed. H. Andrew.

and 102 men.

Company B.

Captain, John Deppeler.

First Lieut, Louis Billon. Second Lieut, Fred Guyer,

and 8 1 men.

Company C.

Captain, Charles E. Prescott

First Lieut, Erastus R. Miller,* Second Lieut, \Vm. H.
Draper, and 101 men.

Company D.

Captain, John W. Davis.

First Lieut, Edmund R. Greene. Second Lieut., Jas. B.
Van Buren, and 104 men.

Company E.

Captain, Henry C. Smith.

First Lieut, Henry S. Brooks. Second Lieut., Wm. T. Gal-
braith, and 103 men.

Company I\

Captain, Allan Rutherford.

First Lieut, Charles R. Braine. Second Lieut, Angus Cam
eron, and 1 06 men.

Company G.

Captain, William Atterbury.f

First Lieut, John Hendrickson. Second Lieut, Joseph D.
Wickham, and 103 men.

* Promoted Captain, Company L, September I, 1861.
t Promoted Major, July i, 1861.

4° THE XIXTH XEW YORK. June

Company H.

Captain, George Tuthill.

First Lieut, John T. Lockman. Second Lieut, Chas. E. Tut
hill, and 98 men.

Company I.

Organized July 17, 1861.
Captain, Peter J. Claassen.

First Lieut, Geo. H. Wheaton. Second Lieut, Eno J.
Claassen, and 80 men.

Compa ny K.
Organized June 20, 1861, as a Light Battery.

Captain, Thos. B. Bunting.

First Lieut, Walter M. Bramhall. Second Lieut, Jos. W.
Martin, and 122 men.

Company L.

Organized August 31, 1861.

Captain, Erastus R. Miller.

First Lieut, A. Martin Burtis. Second Lieut., Andrew B.

Stiles, and 97 men.
Total, 1175.

Movements were now on foot to secure the line of the
Upper Potomac. General Robert Patterson, in command of a
force of Pennsylvania Militia, had advanced toward the river
by way of Hagerstown and Williamsport, and Colonel Charles
P. Stone, of the Fourteenth U. S. infantry, had been placed
in command of a force, of which the NINTH formed a part—
the other organizations being the First New Hampshire ; First
and Twenty-fifth Pennsylvania ; Second, Third, Fifth and
Eighth battalions District of Columbia Vols. ; Griffin's Battery
D, Fifth U. S. light artillery ; and Captain Owen's and
Magruder's troops of cavalry — for the purpose of co-operating
in the movement. Colonel Stone's orders directed him to
seize Edward's Ferry, and, if practicable, cross and take
possession of Leesburg and effect a junction with General
Patterson ; he Was to intercept supplies sent from Baltimore

1861 THE MAIDEN MARCH. 47

to the enemy in Virginia, and was enjoined " to proceed with
caution, and by no means to hazard the safety of (the)
expedition."

At three o'clock in the afternoon of the Qth, the regiment
was ordered to make ready to march, and, inasmuch as it was
expected that the men would only be absent from camp for a
week or two, all extra baggage was ordered to be left behind in
charge of acting Lieutenant David W. Anderson and a camp
guard. Reveille sounded at daybreak of the loth, and after
roll-call the men set about getting breakfast and finishing
their packing. The sun shone brightly, and by the time the
Maiden March began, the heat was very oppressive. The
knapsacks were carried in wagons, thus relieving the men of
burdens that would have caused many to drop out by the way
or abandon their loads.

The direction of the march was towards Rockville. The
roads were bad, full of stones and very dusty ; still the men
tramped gaily along, exerting themselves to the utmost, happy
in the belief that the end would bring them nearer the enemy,
whose prowess they had not then learned either to fear or
respect.

Late in the afternoon the First New Hampshire was met,
the sight gladdening the hearts of the men in both regiments,
who lustily cheered each other, for were not both organi
zations enlisted in the same cause — " Uncle Sam's defense?"
A blue coat or a black skin was the only sure token of friend
ship for the Union that its soldiers met with, when once they
crossed Mason and Dixon's line ; not but that there were some
loyal white people within its belt, but they seldom dared to
express their sentiments ; some of those in Virginia that were
Lold enough to do so, paid the penalty in the destruction of
their property when the Union forces were withdrawn from
their neighborhood. ' To the men of the NINTH, at this time,
danger appeared everywhere ; still it was a fact that little was
to be met with, north of the Potomac.

Foot-sore and weary, the march was continued until about
seven o'clock in the evening, when the regiment arrived in the

48 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

vicinity of Rockville, eighteen miles distant from Camp
Cameron. Details for camp guard were at once made, and
supper was eaten. Many of the men were so tired, that with
out any further delay they rolled their blankets about them,
threw themselves upon the ground, and in a twinkling were
sound asleep. The minor realities of war were being gradually
realized by the gallant youths.

On the following morning the tents were taken from the
wagons and pitched, After several attempts they were pro
nounced correctly placed, according to the regulations — a work
requiring no little skill and experience, as the accompanying
diagram of a model camp will show.

The location of the camp was at the Fair Grounds, on the
outskirts of the town of Rockville, Montgomery County.
Maryland. In the eyes of the men Rockville was a very small
place, though its inhabitants were not small people in any
sense, for they showed many courtesies to the members of the
regiment during the brief encampment. At dress parade nearly
all the townspeople, white and black, were present to witness
the movements of the soldier boys, for few of the people had
ever before seen a whole regiment in line, and all appeared
highly gratified at the sight. After the parade had been dis
missed the camp was stormed by the members of the First New
Hampshire, who rushed with enthusiasm to fraternize with
their fellow volunteers. Hand-shaking, cheering, singing and
dancing were indulged in, the recollections of which can only
die with the participants. One organization was from the
granite hills of the East, the other from the sea shore of the

Empire State. A return visit was made to the camp of the
New Hampshire boys, situated just across the road from that
of the NINTH, where an exceedingly pleasant hour was spent,
much in the same manner as boys usually play together. The
band of the First treated the NINTH to several fine selections,
adding greatly to the festivities, which were kept up till tattoo
warned guests and hosts that it was time to separate. Half
an hour afterwards, when " taps " were sounded, lights were

A MODEL CAMP

LENGTH, 461 PACES WIDTH, 4OO PACES

GUARD TENTS

1 PARADE

•

<*——__ ___

GROUND

COLOR LINE

h nn nn nn nn nn nn an nn an
D nn an an nn nn nn nn nn nn
n nn nn nn nn nn nn nn nn nn
n nn nn nn nn nn nn nn nn nn
n nn nn nn nn nn nn nn nn nn

LJULJUU

ID nn nn nn nn n

D nn nn nn nn

COMPANY

QUARTERS

i! n n n n

KITCHENS

n n n n

KITCHENS

nn i — i n

NON.COM.STArF.

POLICE GUARD. SUTLER. NON. COM. STAFF.

nn nn nn nn nn

nn nn an nn an

COMPANY

OFFICERS

"HI a - n a

nan

|* COLC

>NEL

p 9 9 Q g

9 9 9 9 9

WAGONS DD ana an WAQONS

STORES SERVANTS TEAMSTERS

OFFICER

S SINKS

IT
O

1861 FIRST COUNTERMARCH. 49

extinguished, and the men sought repose from the labors and
amusements of the day.

During the jollifications of the evening, the men of the
NINTH determined to have a brass band, the soul inspiring
strains heard during the evening prompting them to that decis
ion. A committee was afterwards appointed, the necessary
subscriptions secured, and at a later period, the arrival and
incorporation with the regiment of an excellent corps of
musicians, under the leadership of George Neyer, gave the men
great satisfaction.

The "Reveille" was sounded early on Wednesday morn
ing, the 1 2th, and the men ordered to strike tents, pack up,
and be ready for the march. At eight o'clock line was formed,
and the regiment left its second encampment. The weather
was warm, though not as sultry as on the previous march ; the
roads were somewhat worse. During the day the first scare
occurred, through a report coming from the rear that the
wagon train had been attacked. Colonel Stiles immediately
countermarched the regiment on the double quick, and after
retracing about a quarter of a mile, word came that the teamsters
had only been frightened by a stampede of some horses in an
adjacent field. The march was then resumed, and at two
o'clock in the afternoon the column passed through Darnes-
town, on the outskirts of which a site was chosen for camp.
Guards were soon posted and tents pitched. The extent of
the march was ten miles. Darnestown, an ancient-looking
village, is situated in Montgomery County, near Seneca Creek ;
the houses were much scattered ; the people displayed con
siderable Union feeling — sentiments which even in many parts
of Maryland it was dangerous to express. Several citizens
invited members of the regiment to dine with them, which
unexpected courtesy was gladly accepted by a score or more
of the men.

Camp Stone — so named in honor of the commander of the
expedition — had been judiciously selected, in a cleared field,
bordered partly by woods ; water was near at hand, and of
good quality. The surroundings were very attractive ; in fact

5O THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

nothing better could be desired, except by the chronic grumb
lers, a few of whom the NINTH, in common with every other
regiment, possessed. On the I3th the district in which
Darnestown was situated held an election for congressman,
resulting in the choice of the Union candidate, which gave
great satisfaction to the Union troops and loyal inhabitants.

Company, battalion and skirmish drills were now of daily
occurrence, ending at sundown with the usual dress-parade,
which ceremony called together many of the inhabitants for
miles around, and to whom it was a novel sight, and much
more interesting than their usual market or fair gatherings.
The men soon learned that the South contained its share of
those willing to earn an honest penny. Peddlers — more pro-,
perly speaking farmers — their wives, sons and daughters,
brought into camp, pies, biscuits, cooked fowls and such like,
for which they found ready sale ; home-made apple jack was
also smuggled within the lines, but woe to the vender who was

caught in the act, for his — or her — stock was unceremoniously
confiscated.

After a pleasant stay of five days, tents were struck on the
i 7th, and at eight o'clock, under a bright and beautiful' moon,
another march was begun. The route led through the small
village of Dawsonville, and at ten o'clock a halt was ordered

£>

and the regiment went into bivouac near Seneca Creek.

Early the next morning camp was established, and named
in honor of Major-General Charles. W. Sanford, of the First
Division N. Y. S. M. As soon as the tents were pitched the
usual 'routine of camp duties were resumed. The thrifty
inhabitants — white and black--— soon made their appearance,
loaded with creature comforts for the soldiers. These people
appreciated the old saw : "It's an ill wind that blows nobody
good," for the opportunity, was now afforded them of exchang
ing supplies for cash — money being a scarce article thereabouts
at that time. During the day, -Companies B, Captain Deppe-
ler; and D, Captain Davis, under Captain Davis, the senior;
were ordered to Sugar Land Bottom, near the Chesapeake and
Ohio Canal, in order to perform picket duty. .The detach-

l36l THE NIGHT MARCH TO THE POTOMAC. 51

ment found a comfortable site in an orchard near the Potomac,
and called it Camp Van Beuren. It was about ten miles dis
tant front regimental headquarters.

It was not expected that the regiment would remain long
at anyone place, consequently, at eight o'clock in the evening
of the 2Oth, when orders were given to pack up, no one was
surprised. The men were anxious to go ahead, and felt
happy when in the advance. The night proved to be a most
beautiful one, a bright moon contributing to make the trip
very enjoyable. After a five mile march, near the town of
Poolesville, a halt was ordered and bivouac established for the
night. Reveille turned the NINTH out, and " Peas upon a
Trencher "called them to an early breakfast the next morning;
but it was not until three o'clock in the afternoon that the
march was resumed. The day was very warm, and many of
the men soon showed signs of weariness, but not to that
extent exhibited on their first day out from Camp Cameron.
The roads were in better condition than those previously
marched over, and the men were becoming more inured to the
hardships of a soldier.

It was only the constitutionally weak who suffered much
at that time.

The sight that a thousand times amply repaid the men for
the fatigue of the march, was the first view of the Potomac,
and which caused shouts of delight that must have been heard by
the enemy on the Virginia shore. Could it have been known
at what cost of life and treasure, the full and undisputed pos
session of that historic river was to be gained, the exclama
tions would have been those of rage against its so-called
defenders, who were posted not more than a mile distant from
the opposite bank. A halt was soon made^ and camp located
on quite a high hill, over-looking both the Potomac and
Monocacy Rivers. Guards were posted, -tents pitched, and
the place named Camp Hall, in honor of General William
Hall, in whos'j brigade the NINTH served when in New York. •

In the morning, the 22nd, the usual round of camp duties and
pleasures were renewed. Clothing, arms and accoutrements

52 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

were cleaned ; while reading, writing, ball-playing and like
amusements, served to fill up the time not devoted to drill.
Taken altogether, it can be readily seen that a soldier's life
has less of idleness than is generally supposed, this, too, at a time
when battles were not engaging their attention. Quite a stir
was made during the day by a report from Company E, which
was on picket duty at Nolan's Ferry on the Potomac, to
the effect that some of their men had been fired on while bath
ing in the river; fortunately no one was injured, still it was a
reminder that serious business might be expected should an
attempt be made to cross the border.

On leaving camp for picket duty it was customary for the
men to carry with them one day's rations, and their overcoats
and blankets; in other words, to go in "light marching
order." On the 2/th, Company F, Captain Rutherford,
relieved Company A, Captain Morrison ; the duty was light,
with just enough of danger to make it interesting, and the
men enjoyed the respite from daily drills and dress-parade.

On the 29th, regimental general orders directed that the
regular muster and inspection should take place at four o'clock
on the following Sunday afternoon ; the field, staff, and non
commissioned staff at the flag-staff at regimental headquarters,
and the several companies at whatever point they happened
to be stationed.

On the ist of July, and in accordance with the laws
governing the militia of the State of New York, an election
for Major was held, resulting in the choice of Captain William
Atterbury, of Company G. The same day, also, John E
Bigelow, M. D., reported to the regiment as its surgeon, by
appointment, under date of June 25th. He was not mustered
however, and returned to New York a month or two after
wards.

At about four o'clock in the afternoon, orders were
received, directing the companies remaining at headquarters,
to march to Point of Rocks, the camp to be left in charge of
the Guard. By the time the march began, the rain came
down in torrents, and continued without intermission through-

i86l POINT OF ROCKS. 55

out the night. The route was by way of the canal tow-path,
which hardly allowed four men to walk abreast. Owing to
the rain and darkness, it was nearly midnight before the six
miles were marched.

A stone house stood near by where the regiment halted,
and was soon filled with wet and hungry soldiers, while those
unable to obtain shelter were obliged to stand round till day
light. No fires were allowed, and those who did obtain cover
had to lie down in their wet clothing.

At daylight on the 2nd, the rain ceased. At eleven o'clock
companies B and D reported at regimental headquarters ; they
had been absent from the regiment since the i8th of June, and
in their endeavor to join the regiment, had first gone to Camp
Hall. When the tents arrived and had been pitched, Camp
Stiles — so named in honor of the Colonel — was established.
At Point of Recks, the Potomac is about three-quarters of a
mile wide ; the bridge had been destroyed by the rebels ; the
abutment on the Virginia shore bearing a flag-staff from which
floated the stars and bars, the first emblem of secession seen by
the NINTH on hostile territory. The men were eager to organ
ize an expedition to attempt its capture, but the frowning
guns of the enemy's battery commanding the position
admonished them that they had better wait for orders before
running any serious risks.

On the 3rd, Colonel Stone ordered Colonel Stiles to
detail two companies for special service ; Company A, Cap
tain Morrison, and Company C, Captain Prescott, were so
assigned, under command of Major Atterbury, who, upon
reporting to Colonel Stone, received instructions, at four
o'clock in the afternoon, to proceed to Sandy Hook, eight
miles up the river, opposite Harper's Ferry. Boarding a train,
that point was reached about six o'clock.

The morning of the Fourth, the eighty-fifth natal day of
the country, was ushered in by the firing of salutes, and with
the limited means at command, the men endeavored to get up
a celebration worthy of the occasion. At noon the men were
formed into a hollow square and addressed by Colonel Stiles ;

54 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

in the afternoon they marched to Colonel Stone's headquar
ters and cheered him, the Colonel responding in a compliment
ary and patriotic speech. Then the men sang several national
songs and were about to disperse when the loud and continued
whistling of a locomotive was heard. The men hurried to the

station, when the exciting but sad news was imparted that the
detachment sent to Sandy Hook, the day before, had been
fired upon by the enemy — W. S. H. Baylor's dismounted
cavalry — from their position on the south side of the river ;
the result being that one or two were killed and several
wounded. Inasmuch as this was the NINTH'S " Baptism by
Fire," and the first occasion of loss in battle, the excitement
was intense. The regiment hurriedly boarded the train, but
reached the scene of action too late to be of any assistance, or
to avenge the injury done their comrades.

It was learned that a few men of the detachment had that
morning crossed the river in a skiff for the purpose of cap
turing a " Confederate " States flag, which could be plainly
seen flying from the flag-staff in the arsenal grounds at
Harper's Ferry. The men reached the southern shore in
safety, and going at once to the staff, hoped to be able to haul
down the flag and make their escape before being discovered
by the enemy. It -was found, however, that as the halyards
were knotted it would be necessary to climb the pole. This
occupied considerable time ; but Edward W. Butler, of Com
pany C, finally cut down the emblem of Secession, tore it in
pieces, which he divided among his companions, reserving one
piece for Colonel Stiles. The daring adventurers hurried
back to the river and were nearly across before the enemy
reached the bank. The rebels at once opened fire, but the
bold Yankees reached the Maryland shore in safety.

The rebels now directed their fire at the pickets stationed
along the river bank, wounding one or two. The men had
been ordered never to be the first to commence picket firing,
and even now they did not return it — inasmuch as the enemy's
fire had been drawn by an unauthorized movement on their
part'. Meanwhile Captain Morrison, hearing that some of the

1861 KILLED AND WOUNDED IN BATTLE. 55

detachment were wounded, started on the double-quick with
the rest for the scene of action. Arriving at the river the best

possible position was obtained, and the captain ordered the
enemy's fire to be returned. Little injury was done to the
foe, but owing to the exposed position of the men of the
NINTH, a number of casualties occurred. When the firing
ceased, it was found that one man was killed and three
wounded. John E. Banks, of Company G, a volunteer with
the detachment, was shot through the heart. The body was
afterwards tenderly placed in a coffin, the head resting upon a
pillow of daisies gathered in a field near by, and the remains
sent by express to his relatives in New York. Ernest Geid-
ecke, of Company A, after passing safely through eight battles,
fought in defence of his native land, received a fatal wound in
this his fir-,t engagement with the enemies of his adopted
country. The ball lodged in his abdomen, causing great pain
and suffering, during which Sergeant William F. Scott, of
Company A, and Harvey B. Denison, of Company G, did all
in their power to alleviate his condition, but the poor fellow
died at half-past ten in the evening. The wounded were
Henry V. Williamson, of Company G, also a volunteer, and
Fredk. R. Warner, of Company C. Thus the NINTH honored
the Fourth of July, which was begun in the harmless manner
described, to be followed by the more serious action of the
afternoon. That night and the following day the regiment
remained in bivouac near Sanely Hook, on the track of the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.

At two o'clock on the morning of Saturday, the 6th, the
men were notified to prepare for the march, but it was not
until seven o'clock that the column moved. Sharpsburg, in
Washington County, was reached at noon. This was found
to be a thoroughly loyal town, and the first the NINTH had
entered, whose people boldly flung to the breeze the American
flag. Cheering and shouts of delight were heard on every
side as the regiment gallantly marched through the main street.
A halt was made on the outskirts in order to cook pork and
coffee ; but when several of the citizens who had followed, saw

56 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

the bill of fare, they invited many of the men to return home
with them and be their guests at dinner. The wives and
daughters of these patriotic citizens, as a sign of their loyalty,
hurriedly sewed together strips of red, white and blue into flags,
which, accompanied with kind words of cheer, were given as
souvenirs to the lucky boys on their leaving to rejoin the
regiment. Colonel Miller, a veteran of the war of 1812, was
especially enthusiastic in entertaining his guests, and presented
company G with a small Union flag. At six o'clock the beat
of the drum called the men into line, and with renewed courage
and strength the march was resumed. The road was rough
and hilly and it was not until ten in the evening that Bakers-
ville was reached, and the regiment went into bivouac in the
woods near by.

Immediately after breakfast on the /th, line was formed
and the head of column pointed northwest. The regiment
passed through Williamsport, on the Potomac, at eleven
o'clock, and upon arriving at the river, near Falling Waters,
the men were ordered to prepare to ford the stream. Some
took off nearly all their clothing, others only their shoes and
stockings, then with musketa at a right shoulder, and with
bundles of clothing hanging from the bayonets, the NINTH
entered the water, which was about knee deep, and in this
most unfashionable attire entered upon the " Sacred Soil " of
Virginia. Arriving on the southern side, fires were built with
which to cook coffee and dry wet clothing. While thus
engaged the approach of the other portions of the command,
among them the First New Hampshire, was noticed. The
First, after disrobing, marched into the river, and when about,
half way across halted, while the band played " John Brown's
Body," after which they completed the passage of the river,
marching past the NINTH who cheered them lustily. A junc
tion with General Patterson's forces had been established.

For the purpose of showing just how the men felt and acted
" behind the scenes " in their every-day life, and how little the
private soldier knew of what was going on about him — outside
of his own personal experience— to show the motives which

1861 WHAT WAS WRITTEN HOME. 57

governed his actions, the hopes and fears which possessed his
mind while in camp, on the march and in battle, the Editor
proposes, as the record progresses, to give extracts from letters,
written during the first fifteen months of service, b^ members
of the NINTH to relatives and friends.

June 2nd. * * * To-day was my turn to cook. I did it up in fine style, and while
dishing the vegetables, spilled them on the ground ; but I washed them off again, and
the boys eat them without noticing the sand.* * * Had an alarm last night; we were
out and ready in short order; it proved to be a false alarm, and after being ordered to
sleep on our arms, we turned in. Fancy a loaded rifle for a bed-fellow. I turned
over once, and ran the bayonet in my arm. I was on picket guard from 1:30 Friday
till noon Saturday, with four hours off, and only two crackers and one red herring to
eat. Came in faint and sleepy. * * * The Garibaldi Guards are near us, also the
Fourteenth Brooklyn. * * * John can give you a better description of our camp than I
can. (The names of some of the tents had been changed) for instance : my residence
is " Excelsior," No. 14 Rutherford Place ; next door is " Dyass Hotel ;" across the
street is the " Golding House," where Hen Gushing resides; Ed Barnes is above me
on the same side. He is too full of the " Old Nick " to think of a name. * * * Straw
berries are plenty ; boys sell them in camp for eight cents a quart — cheaper than pick
ing. Must stop and prepare for inspection. Heavy guns have been firing all day.
Saw seventy-four prisoners in the Navy Yard yesterday ; they looked downcast.

Darncstffwn, Md.,June
Just got your letter. Left Washington, Monday, eight A. M. Marched all day
through the hottest sun I ever felt. At midnight reached Rockville. I was in the
rear guard for the protection of the baggage-train, which consisted of twenty-one four-
horse wagons. There were about sixty of us — our position was a dangerous one, as we
were in the rear, liable to be picked up by the enemy lying in ambush. Had to build
roads for the wagons on several occasions ; one time took down several rods of rail
fence, as the horses could not move the wagons through the mud. We were tired,
hungry and sleepy, and anxious to reach a place of rest, as we did not like the idea of
sleeping on our post and being shot the next day. Nothing would save a man in that
case; it seems hard, but is just, as many lives might be lost by one man's fault.* * *
We only get two mails a week, and we send a guard to Washington for them. * * *
We leave soon for Harper's Ferry. The NINTH has the post of honor — that is the
advance of the division. * * * Saw an old woman yesterday ploughing corn and
smoking a pipe. We suffer for water on our marches, as we dare not drink from wells
for fear of poison, so drink and fill our canteens from brooks. Sometimes we can't
wait for a stream, then we call out some of the family and make them drink ; if it don't
kill them we help ourselves. I am feeling very sore to-day from our march.

58 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

CHAPTER IV.

FIRST VALLEY CAMPAIGN— TO WINTER QUARTERS.

The Ravages of War. — Camp Hallick. — Battery, Company K. — Martinsburg. —
Foraging. — Bunker Hill and Charlestovvn. — The NINTH'S First Capture. — Arrival
of the Band. — March to the Rear. — Bolivar Heights. — Camp Atterbury. — John
Brown's Cave. — General Patterson Relieved by General Banks. — The Department
of the Shenandoah. — Maryland Heights. — Camp Davis. — The First N. H.
Volunteers leave for Home. — Camp Deppeler. — Carrolton. — Buckeystown. — Camp
Rutherford. — Arrival of Company I. — The Second N. Y. S. M. — Camp Smith. —
Anniversary of Company D. — Adjutant " Coppinger Murray." — Camp Sports. —
The Thirteenth Mass. Volunteers.— Ball's Bluff.— Camp Tuthill.— Muddy
Branch. — First Camp Prescott. — General Scott is Retired, and McClellan.
Appointed General-in-Chief. — Malaria. — Darnestown. — Third Camp Prescott. —
On the March. — Gainesville. — Letters.

morning of the 8th of July opened clear and pleasant.
At noon, the march was resumed, and it was then very
warm. The route led over roads that were deep with dust, hav
ing been traversed by the men of both armies, as was evi
denced by the absence of fences and the presence of smoulder
ing fires, dead horses and deserted houses. Later on, while

marching parallel with the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, it was
noticed that the track had been destroyed for miles, the rails
and ties piled together and burned by the retreating enemy,
reported to be eleven thousand strong, under General Joseph
E. Johnston. At three o'clock Martinsburg was reached, near
which a portion of General Robert Patterson's troops were
passed, they having crossed the river on the 2nd and driven
the enemy from the town. The NINTH marched about a mile
beyond, going into bivouac upon a hill-side, which was named
Camp Hallick, in honor of the Lieutenant-Colonel. During
the night the men were thoroughly drenched by a rain-btorm,
but minded it little.

Company K, Capt. Thomas B. Bunting, Lieutenants W. M.

1861 BATTERY, COMPANY K. 59

Bramhall and Joseph W. Martin, reported to the regiment on
the gth. This command had been recruited mainly in
Railway, N. J. It was organized as a light battery and was
composed of a very intelligent body of men.

In several of the militia regiments — previous to the war —
Company K was known as the artillery company, but few of
them were supplied with guns. When Company K of the
NINTH was being recruited for artillery service, the members
expected that their battery would be part and parcel of the
regiment in the field, and the organization was known as the

o <->

" Ninth New York Battery." In order, however, to secure
greater efficiency in that arm of the service, the military
authorities decided to place all the light artillery under some
competent officer, as chief of that branch, or to assign the bat
teries to brigade or division commanders. Company K had
been mustered into the service for " the War," at New York,
on June 2Oth, but the officers were not commissioned until in
January, 1862.

Upon arriving at Washington the company was sent to
Camp Cameron, there to await equipment. Field guns were
scarce at that time, and when ordered to the front, but two
small pieces, both old and almost unserviceable, were all that
had been furnished.

When ordered to report to the NINTH, the company put
their two pieces, horses, ammunition and baggage upon the
cars, and proceeded via Baltimore and Harrisburg to Hagers-
town, Md., where they hitched up and thence marched to the'
Potomac, crossing the river near Williamsport. The water
was deep and the ford difficult to cross at the time, and the
green artillerymen had some rough experience in getting their
oains on to the Virginia shore.

O Q

Inasmuch as the question has been raised since the war
whether or not the battery ever was attached to the regiment,
the following letter, written by Captain Bunting on June 29th,
1887, is given

Upon going to Washington, the Battery went into camp, at Camp Cameron, on
Fourteenth Street, where Lieut. Anderson was in command of a detachment of the

6O THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

NINTH, and whom I succeeded as Camp Commander. We remained there until some
time in July, then joined the regiment at Martinsburg, Va., arriving late in the day,
reporting to Colonel Stiles, making a parade next day with the regiment, and being
ordered soon after to report to General Negley, who was in command of a Pennsyl
vania Brigade. With him we marched to Harper's Ferry, from there to Darnestown,
Md.. from this point we were ordered to Poolesville, Md., reporting to General Chas.
P. Stone, then in command of the " Army of Observation."

From camp in Poolesville I wrote to the Governor of the State of New York, ask
ing that commissions should be sent for the officers of the Battery, " Light Co. K,
9th N. Y. S. M.," and calling his attention to the fact that we left New York with his
permission and were entitled to the commissions. (I think up to that date the com
missions had been refused to the officers of the regiment on the ground that the regi
ment left the State without the Governor's order or permission.)

There was little delay in receiving the commissions, but they changed the name
of ths organization to " Sixth New York Independent Battery," and the commis
sions were so issued.

Until these commissions were so received, we did beyond question belong to the
NINTH New York, and every one in the command so understood it.

Very truly yours,

T. B. BUNTING.

Martinsburg, the county seat of Berkeley County, pre
vious to the war, was a town of considerable importance ; the
repair shops of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad were located
there, and gave employment to a large number of men. A
strong Union feeling existed at the beginning of hostilities.
As the Union and Confederate troops alternately occupied the
place, the result was a great destruction of property, and most
of the inhabitants were compelled to leave. The Southern
troops, before retreating, had burned the railroad buildings
and rendered useless much valuable machinery, including
about thirty-five locomotives ; they also burned some three
hundred cars and many more were "ditched" into a creek.

Major-General Charles W. Sanford, commanding the First
Division of New York State Militia, was in command of the
troops in the vicinity, with headquarters in the late residence
of Robert J. Faulkner (formerly U. S. minister to Russia),
who having joined the cause of the rebels had retired within
their lines. A review of all the New York regiments there-

abouts was held one day ; General Sanford being the review
ing officer. While here the NINTH took its first lesson in
foraging, and judging from the quantity of fowls, honey,

i86i A FAMINE AND A FEAST. 6 1

vegetables and tobacco brought into camp, the men proved
apt scholars. This seeming robbery was, to a certain extent,
due to the inefficiency of the army commissary and the
actual wants of the men.

Rations were scarce and irregularly issued, while much
that was provided was unfit to eat. Being without tents, the
men were obliged to improvise shelters of brush, the few who
succeeded in procuring boards with which to roof their huts,
being looked upon with envy by their less fortunate comrades.
While the heat during the day was intense, the nights were
cool and chilly.

Owing to the variety of uniforms worn by the troops of the
contending armies, the men of Patterson's command were
ordered to wear a strip of white cotton cloth on the left arm
above the elbow ; this was also to serve as a bandage in case
of wounds.

On the 1 5th, Colonel Stone's brigade was reorganized,
and consisted, besides the NINTH, of the First New Hamp
shire, Seventeenth and Twenty-fifth Pennsylvania. At about
nine o'clock in the morning the command marched, and at one
in the afternoon halted near Bunker Hill, the cavalry advance
having encountered the rear guard of the enemy who had
evacuated Harper's Ferry in the forenoon. The artillery, till
then in rear of the infantry, was sent forward at a gallop, and
after a few shells had been fired into the woods which con
cealed the enemy, the advance was continued towards Win
chester. A short distance beyond Bunker Hill the infantry
halted and went into bivouac, the troops tired and hungry
after their tedious tramp of some ten miles. The men were
also glad of the rest which the following day afforded, and so
no doubt were the people of the neighborhood, as it gave
them an opportunity to trade with the soldiers.

They soon thronged the camp bringing bread, biscuit,
milk, etc., which were gladly purchased. Berries, too. were
plenty, and the men were not long in satisfying their craving
appetites. In order to prevent pillaging, orders were issued to
the effect that death would be the penalty for a violation of the

62 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

rule. At dress parade, the Colonel, in trying to impress upon
the men the importance of strict obedience to this order, got a
little mixed, and unwittingly originated a " bull " by solemnly
declaring that " Deatk without punishment" would be the late
of the transgressors.

The troops resumed their forward movement on the morn
ing of the i /th. When near Middleway the cavalry again
encountered the enemy, and the artillery was ordered to the
front, but the guns were not used. The NINTH was sent for
ward to support the cavalry and repel any attack that might be
made. After remaining in line for half an hour or so in a
newly-mown field, and no enemy appearing, the march was
continued. After passing through Middleway the direct road
to Charlestown was taken, the troops arriving there at eight
o'clock. Although only thirteen miles had been covered, the
march was a severe one, owing to the rough roads and hot
sun.

The next morning a few citizens timidly ventured within
the camp, and informed the men that their bivouac was in the
very field in which John Brown had been hung, whereupon
many of the men scoured the neighborhood for relics of the
gallows upon which the unfortunate hero had paid the penalty
of his rashness. There was no mistaking the sympathies of
the people living in the vicinity — they were all " Secesh " to
the core. Public opinion — where there had been any laggards
— had sent every young man of any respectability into the
Confederate army, and none but the aged or physically dis
abled remained at home. This did not surprise the Union
soldiers, they expected such would be the case ; if there was
any class of people the men detested — next to a Northern
Copperhead — it was the sneaking individuals met with in the
South, who were Unionists or Confederates according to their
surroundings for the time being.

During the day, companies B and E, Captains Deppeler
and Smith, were ordered to march about three miles in the
direction of Winchester, where it was learned that a number
of cars, loaded with corn, were standing upon a track of the

l86l MARCHED IN RETREAT. 63

Shenandoah railroad. The cars were round, a rope hitched
to the train, and company E acting as the motive power,
they were hauled back to Charlestown, Company B bringing
up and protecting the rear. The arrival of this first capture
of the enemy's stores by the NINTH was hailed with shouts of
joy, especially as no casualties had occurred to the force
engaged.

On the iQth, as a result of the efforts made at Camp Stone
on the iith of June, the regimental band of eighteen pieces,
under the leadership of George Neyer, arrived. In the even
ing the regiment was treated — much to its delight — to a choice
selection of patriotic music. The usual routine of the camp
was now resumed, the officers and men when off duty either
visiting the town or rambling about the vicinity. Quite unex-

O O J **^

pectedly a movement to the rear was begun on the morning
of the 2ist. This caused great disappointment. With the
single exception of the skirmish — the river dividing the hostile
forces — at Harper's Ferry, on the 4th, no opportunity had
been afforded the NINTH of engaging the enemy, and now, just
when it seemed that an action was pending, a retreat was
ordered. It was not known then that the "Army of North
eastern Virginia," under General Irvin McDowell, was at that
moment fio-htinsf the battle of Bull Run, nor that the bulk of

o o

Johnston's army had left the Valley two days before, for the
purpose of making possible a defeat of the Union army on the
plains of 'Manassas, and that the only force in front of Patter
son's twenty thousand men, was a mere rear-guard, left there
for the purpose of deceiving the Union general.

The march in retreat was a leisurely one, over a good
macadamized road, and when Bolivar Heights was reached,
the regiment bivouacked for the night. The Heights are*
about a mile south of Harper's Ferry, and near by was the
little hamlet of Bolivar, the former home of most of the
employees in the U. S. Arsenal. After it was found that the
regiment was to remain awhile, the bivouac was named Camp
Atterbury, the location being changed once in order to secure
a better drill and parade ground. Company drills alone were

64 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

practiced, and this gave the men considerable spare time,
which they utilized in exploring the surroundings. ' The cave
where John Brown had secreted his " army " of twenty-five
men, and with which he purposed doing battle against the
people of Virginia and freeing their slaves, was discovered
and visited, and the spring of ice cold water found there was
appreciated, fully as much, perhaps, as the romance attending
the movements of old " Ossawatomie."

The following orders explain themselves :

GENERAL ORDERS, )
No. 33. \

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF PENNSYLVANIA,

Harper's Ferry, Va., July 2 ^th , 1 86 1 .

The term for which the troops from Pennsylvania were called into service having
expired, and nearly all of them having returned to their homes, the commanding gen
eral, by direction of the War Department, relinquishes the command of this depart
ment on the expiration of his term of service.

The commanding general regrets to leave you. It is with satisfaction that he
recalls to you that you have steadily advanced in the face of the enemy, greatly-
superior in numbers and artillery, and offered battle, which they refused until pro
tected by their strong intrenchments at Winchester.

You have done all that was possible and more than could have been expected or
demanded, and if advantage has not been taken of your sacrifices, and if the fruits of

your campaign have been lost, the fault cannot be imputed to you.

********

R. PATTERSON,

Major-General Commanding .
GENERAL ORDERS, )
NO. 34. \

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE SHENANDOAH,

Harper's Ferry, V a., July 2*,th, 1861. .

By virtue of orders received from the War Department, Major-General N. P. Banks
hereby assumes command of this department.
By order of

GENERAL BANKS. ROBERT WILLIAMS,

Asst. Adjt.-Genl.

Reports of the enemy's advance towards Harper's Ferry-
induced General Banks to practically evacuate the place, and
on the 28th the NINTH, with the bulk of the little army — now
about six thousand strong — recrossed the Potomac. The
march to the ford, although short, was a very dusty one, and
on emerging from the water the men presented a rather
dirty and bedraggled appearance. The march was continued

i86i

CAMP DAVIS. 65

to the summit of Maryland Heights, where, on the following
day, after the tents, which had been forwarded from Point of
Rocks, were pitched, Camp Davis, in honor of the captain of
Company D, was established. The distances marched up to
this time aggregated one hundred and thirty-two miles.

<_>o o j

The men were thoroughly disgusted at the result of their
first campaign in the enemy's territory, and from which they
had retreated without firing a shot or suffering a single
casualty. The fatigues of the march and the discomforts of
the bivouac, during the three weeks of " active " service, did
not seem to have injured the men, but had rather served to
" season " them. No serious cases of sickness had occurred,
and the NINTH was in condition to respond to any demands
that might be made upon it.

Such was the importance of the commanding position on
the heights, which overlooked both Loudoun Heights and
Harper's Ferry, that it was decided to fortify the place ; the
only objection to its permanent occupancy being the lack of
water, that necessary fluid having to be brought from Sandy
Hook at the foot of the mountain. The men were called upon
to perform a variety of work, to cut wood, work on the forti
fications, and guard trains, besides their regular guard and
picket duty. Company drills were also performed, the limited
extent of clear or level ground precluding battalion move
ments.

On the 28th Captain Morrison resigned to accept pro
motion in another organization. He first entered the State
service as a member of the Seventh regiment in 1855, ^ut
soon removed to St. Louis, Mo., where he joined the St. Louis
City Guard and became its commander. His great popularity
was evidenced by a rival organization, the " Independent
Guards," presenting him with some silver plate, in July, 1860.
In April, 1861, he'enrolled forty of the City Guard for special
U. S. service, but Governor Claiborne F. Jackson, a strong
Secessionist, refused to arm them, when Captain Morrison
returned to New York, and on the 26th of that month was
elected Captain of Company A, of the NINTH.

66 THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

Early in August Surgeon Bigelow retired to civil life.
This was much regretted, for, during the short time he had
been with the regiment, such had been his attention to the
sick, though few in number, that he had gained the respect and
•esteem of every member of the command. Only two deaths
by disease had occurred, both from typhoid fever ; the bodies
were buried in the vicinity with military honors, and shortly
afterwards one of them was disinterred and forwarded to New
York for final burial.

In the absence of more stirring events, the expiration of
the three months' term of service, and its departure for home,
of the First New Hampshire regiment, was a matter of much
interest to the NINTH. The Granite State men — many of
them — were loath to leave the field without having met the
enemy. A close friendship had for some time existed between
the two regiments, and the final parting could not but produce
feelinos of regret. Those of the NINTH off duty went down

O O J

to Sandy Hook to see the First off on the cars and, as souvenirs
of mutual comradeship, an exchange of caps and jackets was
freely made. When the train moved off cheer upon cheer
rent the air with such force that the enemy — if within hear
ing — must have wondered what was up.

On the 6th a U. S. Paymaster arrived in camp and paid (in
specie) each member of the regiment for twenty-three days
services. The men had been hard up for some time, and had
it not been for the liberality of the sutler, who gave almost
unlimited credit, many would have fared badly. On the /th
the rank and file of the regiment were taxed fifty cents each
towards the expense of organizing the band, which amount was
cheerfully paid, and believed to be a good investment. " Pre
pare to march," was almost a daily order, only to be counter
manded before night ; but the long rest of eighteen day's was
well improved, and the drill and discipline gained was of great
service in all subsequent operations.

While the NINTH was on the summit of Maryland Heights
"" observing " the enemy on the opposite side of the river.
General Stone's division was located near Poolesville. On the

i86l THE NINTH WANTED. 67

13th General Scott ordered Banks to withdraw his troops from
Maryland Heights, and form a new defensive line along the
Monocacy River, between Frederick City and the Potomac.
General Stone's pickets were to watch the fords and ferries
between Great Falls and Point of Rocks ; while General Banks
was to look after the Upper Potomac as far as Williamsport.

About the middle of the month scouts informed General
Stone that the enemy, located in force near Leesburg, Va.,
contemplated a crossi'ng in his front. Stone's force was weak,
and what few guns he had were small and of short ranofe; and

ra c>

on the 1 6th he wrote McClellan asking for guns of longer

and two additional regiments — " the Fifteenth Massa-

chusetts, now at Washington, and the Ninth New York State
Militia, now with General Banks." General Stone evidently
•entertained a high opinion of the NINTH, formed from what
he had seen of the regiment while under his command.
General Banks, perhaps, had equally good reasons for refusing
to loan the NINTH, and the transfer was not made.

At eight o'clock on the morning of the i 7th Camp Davis
was abandoned, the NINTH taking its place in brigade line of
march, with the Third Wisconsin, Twenty seventh Indiana,
and Twenty-ninth Pennsylvania. These regiments replaced
the New Hampshire and Pennsylvania troops, whose three
months' term of service had expired. Brigadier-General
Charles S. Hamilton was in command. The route of march
was northeast, over rough roads frequently crossed by small
watercourses, up hill, down dale, and cross lots. While pass
ing through the villages of Knoxville and Jeffersonville, the
hearts of the men were cheered by the display of Union flags,
in recognition of which the band treated the citizens to its
best music. The strains of the "Star Spangled Banner"
brought forth cheers and "God bless you" from the patriotic
people. Shortly after passing through Jeffersonville a halt for
an hour was made to allow the men to prepare coffee, after which
the march was continued till near nightfall, when a bivouac was

formed upon ground owned by the the descendents of Charles
Carroll, a signer of the immortal Declaration of Independence.

68 THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

Carrollton, except from a historical point of view, was a mean
place and totally unfit for a camp ground ; it was low, wet and
marshy, and the water obtainable for drinkino- and cookino-

c> &

purposes, very poor. Captain Deppeler, in whose honor the
bivouac was named, was not much elated.

On this day General Scott issued the following order :

HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,

Washington, August \~Jth, 1861..
GENERAL ORDERS, )
No. 15. [

The Departments of Washington and Northeastern Virginia will he united into
one, to which will be annexed the Valley of the Shenandoah, the whole of Maryland
and of Delaware, to be denominated the Department of the Potomac, under Major-
General McClellan * * * who will proceed to organize the troops under him into
divisions and independent brigades.

At half-past six on the morning of the i8th, the men were
in line again, and soon passed through the village of
Buckeystown, thence over the Monocacy River, and camped
about noon two miles beyond. Captain Rutherford was hon
ored by the name of this camp, which was pitched upon a
hill in an opening in the woods, and but a short distance from
the river which, at this point, was a narrow and shallow
stream, but admirably adapted for washing and bathing pur
poses. Good spring water was also plenty and near at hand.
Dress-parade was numerously attended by the people of the
neighborhood, who showed great interest in all the move
ments. The thrifty visitors did not come empty-handed, and
as soon as the parade was dismissed, displayed a tempting
assortment of luxuries, which were eagerly purchased by the
men. Lager beer and lemonade were also offered outside the
line of guards, and it was said that a wink of the eye and the
display of the proper collateral produced whiskey too. Where-
ever the latter was discovered in the hands of the men, or of
the peddlers, by the officers on duty, the contraband article
was confiscated, ostensibly for hospital use, but those who were
despoiled, were uncharitable enough to say — and believe-
that the captured article seldom got as far as the hospital
tent. Tobacco and cigars were sold by nearly all the huck-

lS6l COMPANY I ARRIVES AT THE FRONT. 69

sters, and this caused no little dissatisfaction to the regimental
sutler, who, when the men were out of money, had given
them liberal credit. Patronizing outsiders, and " Rebs " — so
he styled them — at that, he thought a poor requital of his
favors.

On this day a member of Company B, who had been sick
and partially deranged for some time, committed suicide, the
Chaplain of the Twenty-ninth Pennsylvania officiating at the
funeral.

Just about dusk on the 2ist, Company I reported for duty
with the regiment, from Camp Cameron, where it had been
stationed the past month, and was cordially received by the
men at the entrance to camp ; they having turned out to see
the "well drilled" company, as such a reputation had preceded
it.

To the words of command Hep ! Hep ! Hep ! to keep the
step, the company entered and became a part of the house
hold of the NINTH.

The officers were, Captain Peter J. Claassen, and Lieuten
ants George H. Wheaton and Eno J. Claassen.

The company had been enrolled in the militia service of
the State for the usual period of seven years, and on the
ijth of July was mustered into the United States service for
"three years or during the war," by Captain S. B. Hayman,
;th U. S. Infantry.

On the 2Oth of July, the company had left New York, and
the next day reached Washington. No little excitement was
occasioned among the members when the news of the defeat
at Bull Run was received. The company was put underarms
and the men expected to participate in the defence of the city.
Drilling was vigorously prosecuted during the sojourn at
Camp Cameron, and the men passed through the same
experience all new soldiers encounter. The Seventy-ninth
Highlanders, N. Y. S. M., from the city of New York, and
veterans of the Bull Run campaign, were encamped near by
during the early part of August, and the new company wit
nessed an instance of the execution of military law, that was

/O THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

doubtless of benefit to them. For reasons which appeared
good to them, eight companies of the Seventy-ninth refused
to obey certain orders, and during- the day much excitement
was occasioned among the members of the regiment. Towards
evening their camp was surrounded by regular troops, under
command of the Provost Marshal, Brig.-General Andrew
Porter, and under penalty of being blown out of existence by
artillery, for further refusal to obey orders, were commanded
to " fall in." They fell in, and were marched off under heavy
guard. The regimental colors were taken from them, not to
be restored until they had re-won them upon the field of bat
tle, and a number of the members were sent as prisoners to
the Dry Tortugas, Gulf of Mexico, where they were kept at
hard labor until the following Spring. Trouble had arisen in
other regiments about this time, and General McClellan
found that heroic measures were necessary to quell these
incipient mutinies.

On the morning of the 2ist, Captain Claassen started
with his company to join the regiment, proceeding by railway
via Relay House and Frederick Junction, arriving, as has
been stated, at the close of the day.

After a week's stay at Camp Rutherford orders were
again received to move, and at five o'clock on the afternoon
of the 26th, line was formed, the column marching an hour
later. The regiment left camp to the inspiring strains of
"Dixie." The direction was south, over rough and muddy
roads, and after dark the marching became very tiresome.
Shortly after ten o'clock a halt was made near the town of
Urbana. Soon after breakfast the next morning the march

was resumed, the Twenty-ninth Pennsylvania leading the
brigade. The roads were bad, and much delay was caused by
the men being obliged to stop and remove their shoes and
stockings, before wading through the brooks ; bridges were
few and crossed only the larger streams. The column halted
a short distance beyond Barnesville, and bivouacked in a field
amid stacks of prain, which the men were forbidden to touch,

the rules being strictly obeyed while daylight lasted. During

1861 CAMP SMITH. 71

the day Lieutenants Charles R. Braine and William S.
Stryker, and Privates Michael T. Burke and Michael Dum-
phrey of Company I, and others, were detailed for duty with
the Signal Corps.

At half-past seven on the morning of the 28th the men
were again on the march ; the rain falling in torrents soon
rendered the roads almost impassable, and swelled the streams
to such an extent that they were difficult to ford. When near
Poolesville a halt was ordered and the men went into a wet
bivouac. During the day the Second N. Y. S. M. (Eighty-
second N. Y. Vols. ) from New York city was met. The
si<rht of each was a treat to both regiments, and notwith-

o o

standing the wet condition of all, the discomfort was forgotten
for the moment, as familiar faces were recognized here and
there in the two regiments. The First Minnesota and
Fifteenth Massachusetts were also met and kindly greetings
exchanged. At eight o'clock the next morning the column
was again in motion. After passing through Poolesville a.id
Dawsonville, the route led towards Darnestown, and when
within a mile of the place the regiment went into camp.

Camp Smith, in compliment to the captain of company
E, was regularly laid out ; the location was a most desirable
one, ground level, good water and plenty of it, and trees
enough near by to afford a grateful shade during the heat of
the day to those off duty. The whole of Banks' division,
consisting of the brigades of Generals Abercrombie, Hamilton
and Williams, besides the artillery and a small detachment of
cavalry, was camped in the vicinity. The neighboring people
soon thronged the camps and a lively trade in eatables and
drinkables was established.

On the 4th of September marching orders — afterwards
countermanded — were issued. A game of baseball, between
companies C and G, resulted in a victory for the former by
a score of eighteen to twelve. On the 13th the regiment
was inspected by General Banks, and on the following
day Company I, was detailed for guard duty at his headquar
ters, where it remained until October 29th.

72 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

Monday the i6th was the second anniversary of the
organization of Company D, and its members assembled in
front of the tent of Captain Green, — who had succeeded
Captain Davis, resigned — for the purpose of celebrating the
event. The company street had been profusely decorated
with flags, and in the evening a display of Chinese lanterns
gave the quarters a gay and picturesque appearance. Re
freshments, though of a somewhat primitive character, were
not wanting, and full justice was done the bill of fare. Songs,
recitations and one or two speeches constituted the literary
portion of the programme, which were a credit to the partici
pants and most enjoyable to the audience, consisting of nearly
the entire regiment.

At this time the Legislature of Maryland was nearly
equally divided between Unionists and Secessionists ; an
adjourned meeting was to convene at Frederick on the lyth,
and it was hoped by the " Secesh " wing that an ordinance of
secession would be passed. The Secretary of War, Simon
Cameron, ordered General Banks to arrest the secession mem
bers, and nine or more of the House of Delegates were placed
in durance vile. The Senate failed to convene.

Moving orders were received on the 2ist, but the command
to " fall in " failed to materialize. On the 22nd, Company L,
Captain Erastus R. Miller with Lieutenants A. Martin Bur-
tis and Andrew B. Stiles, reported for duty, and was gladly
welcomed.

The company had been recruited during the month of
Auo-ust through the efforts of Messrs. E. R. Miller, A. M.

O O 0

Burtis, S. S. J. Briggs and H. V. Williamson, all of whom
were elected to office in it ; the uniforms were furnished by
Messrs. Brooks Bros., and mostly paid for by the members.

On August 3 ist, at the Elm Street arsenal, the services were
accepted by the U. S. Government for the term of " the war "
by Major Frederick Townsend, i8th Infantry ; Captain F. S.
Larned, i2th Infantry; Captain S. B. Hayman, ;th Infantry;
mustering officers.

1861 KNAPSACK DRILL. 73

Camp Cameron was the station of the company from
about September 4th, until leaving to report to the regiment.

The NINTH now had ten companies present for duty.

On the following day, Surgeon Charles J. Nordquist
reported for duty, having been appointed to succeed Surgeon
Bigelow.

Second Lieutenant Charles E. Tu thill was promoted
Adjutant, vice Coppinger resigned. The latter had been
Adjutant since 1860, and was a gentlemen respected by every
member of the regiment. He had joined the renowned " City
Guard " in the fifties, bringing with him a ripe experience of
active service in the British army, acquired in India under
General Havelock. In 1859, ne was elected First Lieutenant
of Company E, and shortly afterwards was made Adjutant.
His resignation bore date September ist, and was caused by
his being summoned to England to take possession of the
paternal estate.

Camp Smith was one of the places where the men had
abundant opportunity to amuse themselves when off duty.
During the day, ball-playing, pitching quoits and even marble-
playing were indulged in. Singing and serenading were of
nightly occurrence, the serenade generally bestowed upon
some popular officer, and when that list was exhausted many
of the rank and file were complimented. The old fire laddies,
too, would frequently rush through camp yelling and whoop
ing, as they dragged an old cart or wagon in imitation of run
ning " wid der machine."

The private soldier never felt like bestowing upon the
inventor of knapsack drill ihe thanks Sancho Panza gave the
author of sleep. To carry a knapsack filled with bricks or
stones was sometimes imposed in the sentence of a regimental
court-martial, but when a regiment was ordered out on drill
in heavy marching order, it also savored of punishment, and
annoyed and tried the men as much as if intended for that
purpose. Those who ordered such drills doubtless followed
the book of " tactics," and, of course, blundered in that as well
as in other matters when common sense should have been the

74 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

guide. The tacticians seem to have lost sight of the fact that
soldiers hardly ever carry their knapsacks within the range of
shot and shell, for, if they were not left at some convenient
point under orders, they were very unceremoniously cast aside
as soon as the men entered the battle-field. But it was laid
down in the " tactics " that such drills were necessary — there
fore they must be practiced. The NINTH endured the afflic
tion for the first time on the 25th.

Thursday the 26th was designated by the President as a
day of Thanksgiving, and was honored by the NINTH and the
rest of the division by parading at Darnestown and being
reviewed by General Banks. A large concourse of visitors
graced the occasion, and the review passed off with great
eclat.

While the NINTH was formed for battalion drill, one day,
an incident occurred which served to bind still more closely
the ties of friendship that had existed for some time between
the regiment and the Thirteenth Massachusetts. The latter
had been ordered to Williamsport, and wishing to pay their
comrades a parting visit, marched in line up to within a few
paces of the NINTH. Halting, they gave "Three cheers for
the New York NINTH." The NINTH returned the compliment,
upon which the Thirteenth resumed its march. These two
regiments — one from Boston, the other from New York — never
ceased to be firm friends, and it was their good fortune to be
closely associated for nearly two years afterwards, sharing the
fatigues of the march, the pleasures of the camp, and the
perils and dangers of the battle-field.

On the last day of September, the sound of heavy guns in
the direction of the Chain Bridge, indicated that the army of
the Potomac was feeling the enemy. Early in the month,
under the personal direction of General McClellan, an advance
had been made from the defenses along Arlington Heights,
from the vicinity of the Chain Bridge, and the enemy
driven back at every point. Frequent rumors of a move on
the part of Banks' army, too, kept the men of the NINTH in
constant expectation of an active campaign, an event desired

l86i THE MARCH TOWARDS BALLS BLUFF. 75

by both officers and men, for as yet they had realized none of
the " glory " resulting from active service.

The month of October, a most delightful season of the
year, opened with a review of the division at Camp Stone,
the NINTH marching to that place in the morning and return
ing during the afternoon.

Service at Camp Smith was by no means light, for, in
addition to the routine, details were made to perform picket
duty at Seneca Falls, five miles distant, and also for patrol
guard at the village of Darnestown. The eight weeks passed
here were of great benefit, in the matter of drill, both officers
and men becoming very proficient in the tactics frequently of so
much importance on the field of battle. The four months'
wear and tear showed its effects on the tents, many of which
were in a leaky condition and unfit for service. Diseases were
contracted here from which many of the men dated the begin
ning of their disability.

While the regiment was engaged in drill on the 2ist, orders
came to dismiss the men and prepare to march immediately.
Shortly after knapsacks had been packed and tents struck it
grew dark, when the litter of the camp was gathered into piles
and burned, the men sitting around the fires and speculating
upon the cause of the sudden movement. Stories were retold
and old lies swapped over again, until eight o'clock, when
Lieutenant-Colonel Hallick gave the order, " Forward, March !"
and the column moved to the tune, " Oh, carry me back to old
Virginny." The evening was clear, the weather mild, and the
roads in pfood condition. The route led through Dawson-

o £>

ville, a short distance beyond which the road was crossed by
a creek ; there was no bridge other than a log spanning the
stream, and as few cared to walk that in the dark, most of the
men waded across. Shortly after midnight the regiment
passed through Poolesville, and upon inquiring of a guard, who
was pacing back and forth in front of a house, it was learned
that the body of Colonel E. D. Baker, of the Seventy-first
Pennsylvania, but better known as the First California regi
ment, lay within, and that he had been killed during the day

76 THE NINTH NEW YORK. October

at Ball's Bluff. The cause of the hurried night march was now
revealed. Instinctively the men quickened their steps, anxious
to reach the scene of the battle, and render assistance and
succor ere it should be too late. It was gathered from passi ~g
stragglers of Stone's command — many of whom were half naked,
having thrown off part of their clothing in their frantic
endeavors to swim across the river on their retreat from the
disastrous battle — that unless help was at hand by daylight, all
yet remaining on the Virginia shore, or on Harrison's Island
in the river, would be either killed or captured.

Rain began to fall shortly after the column passed through
Poolesville ; but the rapid march was continued. As the river
was approached, the stragglers from the defeated comman-d
increased in number ; men by twos, tens and twenties, many
of them wounded, were streaming towards the rear, and all
telling the same sad story of disaster and defeat. For lack of
proper conveyances many of the wounded were being trans
ported in the common baggage wagons, and as the heavy
cumberous vehicles jolted over the rough places in the road,
the cries and groans of the unfortunate occupants were a sad
accompaniment to the distressing scene.

On arriving at Conrad's Ferry, the canal was crossed,
when the regiment halted and the men were ordered to load
their muskets ; the inarch was continued down the towpath,
until about four o'clock, when the column halted after a
fatiguing march of sixteen miles. With nothing more than a
blanket to keep the rain from above or the dampness from
below, the men tried to snatch a few minutes' repose. At
nine o'clock they were aroused. All were hungry ; no rations
had been carried by the men, and the wagons -had not arrived.
Fortunately a few boxes of abandoned crackers were found
and divided ; at noon the commissary wagons brought a full
supply.

From those who had been engaged in the unfortunate affair
of the day before, it was learned that Colonel Baker, under
orders from General Stone, had crossed with his own regi
ment,— the Fifteenth and Twentieth Massachusetts, and the

1861 BATTLE OF BALL'S BLUFF. 77

Forty-second " Tammany " New York Regiment, and two or
three pieces of artillery, in all about twenty-one hundred men;
for the purpose of driving the enemy, supposed to be in small
force, from Leesburg, and holding the ground so taken if
practicable. General Stone, meanwhile, was to make a
demonstration at Edward's Ferry, a short distance br-low, with
another brigade, and cut off the enemy's retreat in that direc
tion. About one o'clock in the afternoon of the 2ist the battle
began. For a while the Union troops were successful in hold
ing the enemy, who appeared in large force, in check, but they
were finally compelled to fall back, which they did, at first,
slowly and in good order. The death of Colonel Baker at
this juncture precipitated matters, and the command devolv
ing upon Colonel Milton Cogswell, of the Tammany Regi
ment, he ordered a retreat to the river. The retreat became
a rout. Many brave men formed on the bluffs near the river,
and for a short time held the enemy at bay, but they, too,
were finally obliged to abandon the hopeless task and seek
safety in flight. The bluffs were steep, and as the Union
soldiers jumped, slipped, or fell over, they plunged into the
water, hoping at least to gain Harrison's Island. The two or
three boats that had been used in ferrying them over had been
upset or otherwise rendered useless. It was a terrible strug-
<de for life. Many were shot while in the water, and the
wounded drowned in the swift current. The killed, wounded
and prisoners amounted to the appalling number, compared
with the force engaged, of one thousand and fifty.

On hioh eround, half a mile back from the river, on the

o o

Maryland shore, a few pieces of artillery had been posted,
commanding Harrison's Island and the Virginia shore beyond.
Upon the Island were still many of the men, some severely
Avounded, and the work of transferring these to the Maryland
shore was slowly progressing. Somebody had blundered, for
there was an utter lack of the proper means of transportation.
A couple of scows only, capable of carrying perhaps thirty
persons each, were all that had been provided. All the dead-
save the bodies of Colonel Baker and one or two other

78 THE NINTH NEW YORK. October

officers — and many of the wounded had been left in the hands
of the enemy, who retired, during the night, near to their
intrenchments in the vicinity of Leesburg.

General Banks had accompanied his men, and on his
arrival assumed command. General McClellan had tele
graphed that the position on the Virginia shore and Harrison's
Island should be maintained at all hazards. About four
thousand men, including cavalry and artillery, were sent over
durincr the forenoon of the 22nd. The NINTH, with the rest

of the brigade, remained on the Maryland shore, and occupied
the river bank, sheltered by the trees and shrubbery. About
two o'clock in the afternoon the order to fall-in was oriven, and

in the midst of a heavy rain-storm the brigade started, halting,
after a march of four miles, in bivouac for the night.

At three o'clock on the morning of the 23rd, the drums
beat the reveille and after the men had swallowed their coffee,
line was formed and the column headed for Edwards Ferry,
near which a halt was ordered and Camp Tuthill, in honor of
the Captain of Company H, was established. The land
belonged to an officer in the Confederate service, and as there
was a good supply of the necessary article in the fields, the
men liberally supplied their wants and enjoyed the luxury of
repose upon beds of clean, sweet straw. From a hill close by
the camp, the Virginia shore was plainly seen, and when the
sound of artillery and musketry was heard during the fore
noon, the men went to that point and witnessed a portion of
Stone's division driving the enemy back into the country..
Night closed without the NINTH being called into line.

Nothing of importance occurred on the 24th until just
before " taps," when the long roll was beaten and the men
hurried into line. Colonel Stiles, who had been absent from
the regiment during the march to Conrad's Ferry, addressed
the regiment, expressing his regret at not being present at that
time ; he also cautioned the men to keep cool and not get
excited, in case they were called into action, and enjoined
upon both officers and men to strictly obey such orders as
might be given them. The regiment remained in line for

1 86 1 MUDDY BRANCH. 79

some time and was finally dismissed, but the men were cau
tioned to sleep on their arms, and be ready to jump at a
moment's notice.

Daylight of the 25th revealed the fact that the Union
troops which had been operating on the Virginian shore had
all returned to Maryland.

On this day, too, the detail which had remained at Camp
Cameron, as a guard, when the regiment left there in June,
reported at headquarters, Camp Cameron having- been aban
doned as a military post.

The reverse at Ball's Bluff, although an insignificant affair
of the war, was productive of serious consequences to the
plans of General McClellan. The movement had been origin
ally ordered in connection with the advance of the left wing
of the Army of the Potomac, a portion of which had occupied
Fairfax Court House, but the unexpected defeat, and the
strength and ability displayed by the enemy, caused him to
countermand it. Several of the advanced posts were aban
doned, while all the troops that had crossed the river above
the Chain Bridge were withdrawn to the Maryland side.

At eight o'clock in the morning of the 26th, the NINTH
bade farewell to Camp Tuthill and marched in the direction of
Poolesville, thence towards Seneca Creek, going into bivouac
near the stream at half-past two in the afternoon, after a march
of eleven miles. Rabbits were found to be plenty ; during the
afternoon many were captured and formed a pleasing variety
to the bill of fare.

The next day was Sunday. At eight o'clock the regiment
was again in line, and after passing through Dawsonville,
marched towards Muddy Branch Creek, upon the banks of
which Camp Prescott, in honor of the Captain of Company C,
was established. The ground was low and swampy, besides
being covered with a thick growth of underbrush ; the men
worked hard to render the place habitable, but their labors
were in vain. The drinking water was unfit for use — was even
said to be poisonous — and it was hoped a move would at once
be made to a more eligible site.

8O THE NINTH NEW YORK. October

On the 29th, Company I, that had been on duty at General
Banks' headquarters since September i4th, returned to the
command.

At dress-parade, in the evening, a stand of colors, sent to
the regiment by the Common Council of the City of New
York, were formally presented and were received by Colonel
Stiles, who responded on behalf of the NINTH. The flags had
been brought from New York by Lieutenant Wickham, who
reached the regiment on the 24th, accompanied also by about
one hundred recruits.

At his own request, General Scott was retired late in the
month of October, and on the ist of November, President
Lincoln appointed McClellan General-in-Chief. From
McClellan's Oiun Story, page 200, we quote :

On Nov. i, 1 86 1, the following letter was received from
the President.

Private. EXECUTIVE MANSION,

Nov. ist, 1 86 1.
Maj.-Gen. GEO. B. McCLELLAN :

My Dear Sir : Lieut.-Gen. Scott having been, upon his own application, placed on
the list of retired officers, with his advice, and the concurrence of the entire Cabinet, I
have designated you to command the whole army. You will, therefore, assume this
enlarged duty at once, conferring with me so far as necessary.

Yours truly,

A. LINCOLN.
P. S. — For the present let Gen. Wool's command be excepted.

A. L.

McClellan decided to suspend further operations in the
field, until the troops, through drill and discipline, were bet
ter fitted to perform the important work in store for them.

Notwithstanding the oft-repeated reports to headquarters
respecting the unhealthy location of the camp, which were
daily corroborated by the increased list of sick, the beginning
of November found the NINTH still in that miserable place. A
grave mistake had been made in its selection, and the disorders
suffered by the men were plainly traceable to the impure water
and the malarial condition of the locality. The name of the
stream, Muddy Branch, was enough to condemn it, and it did
not belie the term. Unless, because of some pressing military

1861 CAMP PRESCOTT. 8 1

necessity no troops should have been kept there, even over
night, but to such bad judgment many a veteran now owes the
aches and pains, and broken constitution, which he will carry to
his grave. Murmurs of discontent were heard among the men.
Had the regiment been composed of mercenary soldiers no
doubt a mutiny would have broken out, and the performance
of further military duty refused until a change of camp had
been effected. Finally, Surgeon Nordquist appealed directly
to General Branks, when authority was given to move, the
chancre bein<>f made on the sth.

o *> *-*

The regiment moved less than a mile away from Muddy
Branch, and re-established Camp Rrescott in a clear open field,
near which there was an abundance of good water. The
change was productive of great good to the men ; most of the
sick rapidly recovering, although a few no doubt were perma
nently disabled. By the 2oth the weather had changed ; much
rain had fallen ; the roads were bad ; it began to look as
though there would be no more active campaigning that sea
son, and that the army would likely go into winter quarters.
During the day, however, the regiment moved, marching1 about

o J ^> o

four miles in the direction of Darnestown, where the third
Camp Prescott was established.

Shortly after the tents had been pitched, and while he was
lying clown to rest, Private Emile S. Ferrero, of Company A,
was severely wounded in the leg by the accidental discharge
of a musket in the hands of a careless comrade. A wound re
ceived in this manner was peculiarly aggravating; a good sol
dier is always ready, if not willing, to run his chances of being
wounded in battle, with the enemy, but when disabled through
the carelessness of a comrade, the attending pain and suffering
seems increased. In this case the wound resulted in the per
manent disability of the unfortunate man, and after partial re
covery he was discharged from the service.

On the 23rd General McClellan, in special orders, No. 154,
ordered the "Sixth New York Independent Battery" to re
port to Brigadier-General Joseph Hooker, at Camp Baker,
Lower Potomac. Up to this time the battery had been serving;

82 THE NINTH NEW YORK. November

either under General Banks or Stone, and had taken part in
several important movements. On the i6th of October it had
accompanied Colonel Geary, of the Twenty-eight Pennsyl
vania, on a reconnoissance to Harper's Ferry, and was honor
ably mentioned in his report . At the disastrous battle at
Ball's Bluff, Lieutenant Bramhall, while unable to get his own
guns up the steep bluff, worked one or two smaller pieces
belonging to another battery, and (receiving several wounds)
that gallant officer rendered such efficient service that he was
mentioned in the reports. After doing duty on the Lower Po
tomac during the winter and following spring, the battery ac
companied the Army of the, Potomac to the Peninsula, and fol
lowed the fortunes of that command until mustered out of the
service.

The first snow of the season fell on Sunday, the 24th. The
event, though productive of much discomfort, caused some little
satisfaction, because it was something new to talk about; the
men were growing restless and uneasy by reason of their very
mild kind of soldier life, and anything new or out of the usual
order served to while away the time. Though the men of the
NINTH had all cheerfully taken the oath to serve during the
war, none at that time believed that their services would be
required longer than from six to twelve months. The result of
the battle of Bull Run, however, dispelled that illusion. Still,
it seemed strange that the summer and fall should pass with
out their engaging in a battle; that all the " active" service
they were to perform should consist of marching and counter
marching. Little does the rank and file of an army know how
much a brief waiting may sometimes accomplish, in the compli
cated strategy of a campaign.

Thursday, the 28th, was the first regular Thanksgiving sea
son that the members of the NINTH had spent away from their
homes. Pork and beans, crackers and coffee, repeated every
day, had made that bill of fare somewhat monotonous, but as
the men seldom eat these government rations without plenty
of seasoning in the form of hungry stomachs, this fare always
tasted good. So it did on this Thanksgiving, and although

l86l THE MARCH TO WINTER QUARTERS. 8^

the men all hankered after "a good square meal "of something"
better, the " rations," were disposed of without much grum
bling.

Captain Henry C. Smith, of Company E, resigned on the
3Oth. He began his military career as a member of the Second
regiment, July 4th, 1848, was made First Lieutenant of
Company D in 1849, and Adjutant of the regiment in 1850.
On May i ith, 1852, he was commissioned Captain of Company
F, Seventy-First regiment, and on April 27th, 1861, Captain in
the NINTH.

At eleven o'clock on the morning of the 2nd of December
Camp Prescott was abandoned, and the NINTH marched to
join the division, then being distributed in winter quarters in
the vicinity of Frederick City. A pioneer force went in
advance to pat the bridges in a passable condition. The roads
were partly frozen, and as men, horses and wagons broke
through the crust, the march was a very tiresome one. Towards
evening the regiment bivouacked in a field by the roadside near
the village of Barnesville. The march was resumed at eight
o'clock the following morning, and soon after passing Barnes
ville, Sugar Loaf Mountain was observed, upon the summit of
which the Signal Corps had been established. The march was
continued through Buckevstown, and to within two miles of

o f

Frederick City , when, late in the afternoon, after the day's march
of about sixteen miles, a halt was ordered and the tents pitched
in a piece of woods. At two o'clock on the afternoon of the
4th line was again formed, the Monocacy River crossed, and,,
marching to within a couple of miles of Ijamsville, camp was
located in the woods on Hoffman's farm, about five miles dis
tant from Frederick City.

LETTERS :

Darncstown, Md., Sept. iind, 1861.
This is Sunday, and as cold as winter. Received yours yesterday. The

gave me the new shirt. I'm very proud of it. We think we will be ordered into
winter quarters soon, and hope it will be in Haltimore. We are expecting a fight
every day, and are both ready and anxious for it. * * * As our rations are bacon
and biscuit, we spend all our money for extras on the march. If we get a loaf of
bread it's twenty-five cents, and everything in proportion. * * * The Twenty-ninth

84 THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

Pennsylvania are in the next field and are a little jealous that we receive the most
attention (at dress-parade). We expect a new company to-day — L. * * * I am
nearly well of my rheumatism and quite fleshy, but a few days since, while practicing-,
loading and firing by companies, the man on my right slammed his gun down on my
foot, smashing two of my toes, so I am quite lame. * * * Doctor says I'll have my
head knocked off yet. * * * The rebel troops are supposed to amount to near
300,000, while we have about 400,000, and when we meet there will be fierce work.
* * * There is no liquor to be got here except ordered by surgeon. Just had dinner —
beef soup, not like you make — mere slops. Good-bye now. Write soon.

Oct. \f)th, 1 86 1.

Being rainy am excused from drill, and as our company is on duty to-morrow, I
will write what I can to-day, and thank you all for the box I received. I think, from
the variety it contained, you must all have had a hand in it. Everything acceptable,
as you'd have thought if you had seen our mess pitch into the good things. E. B.
has got a commission in some other regiment as lieutenant. We are very tired of
doing nothing, and would be glad for an order to march into Virginia.

Camp Prescott, Muddy Branch, Oct. y>th, 1861.

* * * Was on guard last night, and it was the worst I ever saw ; very dark, and
the brush so thick you could not see a man till close to him. The water is very bad.
We drink from same brook the horses do, and wash ourselves and clothes in it too.
The drums are beating for dinner — we call it " roast beef." I don't know what we
are to have, but am willing to bet my commission against the St. Nicholas (I expect
the one as soon as you get the other) that it is bean soup and, as I'm awful hungry,
will go see. It was bean soup and hard-tack. * * * I had to throw away part of my
clothes to lighten my knapsack, on our last march to Edward's Ferry, but saved
enough for the present.

Muddy Branch, Nov. 6th, 1861.

Yours just received. Very happy to get it. It has rained two days, and is very
cold. We have moved camp out of the woods to an open field close by, to save the
few that were well. We are a little more comfortable, as the' sun reaches the tents
now, and dries them a little. Our tents are two inches deep with mud ; we gather
cedar boughs and spread on the floor, but still the dampness strikes through. Over
400 men of our regiment reported sick yesterday and to-day, from the damp and bad
water. We can't blame General Banks; we hold a very responsible position, and must
stay until the rebels vacate opposite, where they are in large numbers. They seem
well contented over there, and I imagine are laughing at us. If they move, we move,
as we must not let them cross (the Potomac), but if we get a chance, over we go. I
hope if we are ordered over they won't send a few at a time, to be shot off as in Colo
nel Baker's case, but send the whole division, then we will stand a chance. * * * We
received McClellan's appointment as Commander (General) in Chief of our army with
delight, and made the country ring with cheers, believing him to be the man for the
times. We've had enough of old fogyism, and don't believe in trying to starve them
out ; we want them whipped, and came for that purpose, and won't be satisfied until
they — or we — are whipped.

* * * I will tell you about our mess ; it may interest you. We are fourteen in
family — not the happy family — but a lively set of fellows. We have just finished sup
per, and lighted candles. No. i is handsome Johnny B , the pet of the mess,

1861 TAKE YOUR CHOICE. 85

evidently thinking of home, as he says nothing ; No. 2 needs no description, as it is your

loving brother ; No. 3 is N. L. W , reading a magazine ; No. 4 is Sam F , who

called to see you for me ; No. 5, Sergeant G , out promenading in the mud ; No. 6,

Archy P , teasing W ; No. 7, R. S , reading ; No. 8, Matt. S , repairing

his wardrobe ; No. 9, is my old friend George T , reading your last letter ; we are

like brothers, and keep together on all marches and in camp. No. 10 is William

S , he is eighteen years old, is six feet two inches tall, and weighs no pounds.

You can imagine his style. No. n.Snm 15 , whom we call noisy; No. 12 is

Joshua H , who is getting ready to retire, by scraping the mud from his place on

to some other person's place — very accommodating. Nos. 13 and 14 are away sick.
Ask K which of the men she prefers. I'll see she gets him, if the rebels don't.

S6 THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

CHAPTER V.

CAMP CLAASSEN, WINTER QUARTERS.

Frederick City, Mel. — " French Leave." — Court-Martial. — Log Huts. — Deaths in
Camp. — Resolutions of Sympathy. — Brigade Reviewed.— A Military Execution. —
Christmas Festivities. — Bright Muskets. — New Year's Day, 1862, — Officers visit
Frederick. — Visit of ex-Adjutant Coppinger. — Death of Lieutenant Colonel Hal-
lick. — Mud and Slush. — Field Officers Appointed by the Governor. — The " Eighty-
third New York Volunteers." — Dissatisfaction. — The Lament of the Involuntary
Volunteer. — Western Gun-Boat Service. — A Challenge to Mortal Combat De
clined. — Petition for Transfer to the Heavy Artillery. — Washington's Birthday. —
Orders to Move.— Letters.

T7REDERICK CITY the capital of Frederick County, was
selected as the headquarters of the Department of the
Shenandoah, General Banks occupying the residence of Gen
eral Bradley T. Johnson, who was then in the Confederate
Army.

Frederick wore the appearance of having been a very pros
perous city, but at this time many of the business places and
some of the finer private residences were closed, while some
were occupied for military purposes. The majority of the
inhabitants were loyal, many of them testifying in frequent
visits to the army hospitals, and by care for the sick, their
hearty sympathy for the Union Cause.

The camp, which was named in honor of the Captain of
Company I, was situated on the gentle slope of a hillside on
what was known as Hoffman's farm ; the field was surrounded
on three sides by woods, principally of pine, while the fourth
was open ; water was abundant and of good quality. On the
very day the regiment arrived many of the men took — in camp
parlance — " French Leave," /. e., absented themselves without
permission, in consequence of which, on the 5th, orders were
issued to the effect that all such delinquents would be court-
martialed. By the following day a sufficient number had been
apprehended, and the court proceeded to make an example of

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1861 CAMP CLAASSEN. 87

them ; non-commissioned officers were reduced to the ranks,
while the privates were sentenced to perform from two weeks'
to a month's fatigue duty.

The clay after the arrival in camp the men began to build
log huts, some completing them with roofs of shingles, while
others merely built the walls of logs and stretched the tents on
top for a covering. The spaces between the logs were daubed
with clay, boards formed a Mooring, and sheet-iron stoves,
purchased at Frederick, were used to heat the huts ; altogether
the quarters were very comfortable indeed. The style of
architecture was almost as varied as the number of shanties,
giving to the whole a somewhat odd appearance. Daily, three
men from each company were allowed passes to leave camp,
and as the majority preferred to visit Frederick, a citizen of
that place established a line of stages making two rouad trips
every day, and did a thriving business. A Mr. Beatty, a
Union refugee from Virginia, received permission to compete
with the sutler in the sale of luxuries, using for that purpose a
large covered wagon, which, from its supposed resemblance to
that ancient harbor of refuge, was called " The Ark." A
photographer soon opened a "gallery" near the camp; an
oyster peddler, too, made regular visits, and between these
enterprising venders the men's cash was divided, which, after
exhausting, they would give sutler Edward Ralph a call and
purchase articles on credit. A camp hospital was established
in the house of a colored family near by, who gratuitously gave
up for that purpose the second story of their dwelling.

On the 9th, Sergeant Francis G. Aims of Company D
died, and on the following day the remains were escorted to
Frederick Junction, where they were placed on the cars in
charge of Sergeant Ralph A. Lanning, who accompanied them
to New York.

The company, to show their appreciation of his merits as a
soldier and comrade, and. their sympathy with, and for the
family of Sergeant Aims, at a subsequent meeting adopted the
following resolutions :

THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

HEADQUARTERS, NINTH REGIMENT, N. Y. S. MILITIA,
Near Frederick Junction, Md., Dec. i6th, 1861.

The committee appointed at a special meeting held this day
of Co. D., NINTH Regiment N. Y. S. M., to draft suitable
resolutions, on the death of their late comrade, Francis G.
Aims, report as follows :

Whereas, Death has suddenly removed from our midst our
beloved friend and comrade, Sergeant Francis G. Aims ; and,

Whereas, We deem some expression of our feelings of
sorrow and regret to be befitting the sad and sorrowful
occasion ; therefore be it

Resolved, That while deeply lamenting the loss of our
brother in arms, struck down upon the very threshold of man
hood, with all the joyous aspirations of youth to a long and
glorious career, we yet see in this sad dispensation the hand of
God, that doeth all things well, and in our blindness and ignor
ance of His higher purpose, bow in silence before the decree of
Him, that seeth not with our eyes and judgeth not with our
understanding.

Resolved, That we tender expressions of our heartiest sym
pathy and condolence, to the afflicted family and friends of the
deceased, grieving with them in their bereavement of one who
had borne us cheerful company through many months of hard
ships and privations, and who, from his unvarying gentleness
and kindness, had endeared himself to all by every tie of
friendship and affection. We would comfort them with the
thought that he died nobly in the defense of his country, un
flinching in the discharge of his duty, and faithful to the last ;
that he laid himself down to rest with the halo of the patriot
shining round his youthful brow, free from every selfish and
debasing thought, and uncontaminated by the vices of the

O O <f

world.

Resolved, That in this sad dispensation, we see, each and all,
much to improve our own welfare, taking his example who has
gone from us, to tread more steadfastly in the path of rectitude
and honor, to uphold more manfully the standard of fealty and

i86l DEATHS IN" CAMP. 89

truth against rebellion and wrong, finally, when the hour of
trial shall come, to be found like him ready and prepared to
render a faithful account of the trust committed to our charge.
Sergeant WILLIAM A. RICE, j
Corporal WILLIAM CHAVE, ,- Committee.
Private EDWARD T. FISHER, )

IN CAMP NEAR FREDERICK JUNCTION, MD.
Company D, NINTH Regiment, N. Y. S. M.
At an adjourned meeting of Company D, held this day, the
above resolutions were unanimously adopted, and ordered that
a copy of the same be sent to the family of the deceased, and
also that the same be published in the " Christian Advocate,"
" Sunday Mercury" and " N. Y. Leader."

E. R. GREENE, Captain ComcCg.,

Company D, qth. Regt., N. Y. S. M.
Corporal ASA W. TAYLOR, Secretary.

On the loth, also, Isaac Howell of Company E died; his re
mains were sent home, and on the 23d interred in New York
Bay Cemetery, Hudson County, N. J.

On the morning of the i2th the NINTH, with the Second
Bn'o-acle of the division of General Banks, marched to grounds

o o

near Frederick, where it was inspected and reviewed. The trip
was a pleasant one, the people along the line of march greeting
the men kindly. The brigade returned at seven o'clock in the
evening, well pleased with the day's outing. On the i 7th a
flag-staff, about forty feet in height, was raised, upon which a
garrison flag was displayed and the quarters officially designa
ted Camp Claassen.

On the 23d occurred the first military execution witnessed
by the NINTH. A soldier of the Forty-sixth Pennsylvania
was hung for the assassination of Major Lewis of that regi
ment, and about three thousand troops witnessed the solemn
scene at a place two miles from camp.

The night before Christmas snow had fallen, but as the day
advanced the sun shone brightly, and the usual discipline being-

90 THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

somewhat relaxed, the men found various ways in which to
pass the time agreeably. Among the amusements was a
horse race between Assistant Surgeon Pinkney's and Sutler
" Ralph's " steeds, ridden by Andrew F. Tallman and John
Brigham of Company F, the former crossing the line first ; a
sack race, William Wilson of Company F being the winner,
and a foot race in which Lester Lewis of Company I was the
victor. Many of the messes had their dinners prepared by the
neighboring farmers, and though the menu was not elaborate,
there was plenty to eat and the modest banquets were heartily
enjoyed.

As a clamper on the festivities, the members of Company D
were again called upon to mourn the loss by death of another
of their number, Private Leonard Rodg-ers. The next day the

O J

company formed upon the drill ground, where Chaplain
Phillips delivered the funeral address, after which an ambu
lance, containing the remains, accompanied by a sister of the
deceased, proceeded to the Junction ; from there Private Sam
uel McNally of Company D continued as an escort to New-
York. The garrison flag was for the day placed at half mast.
On the 23th William Miller of Company H died at Frederick
City Hospital, a detail from his company being sent to escort
his remains to the railroad station, and from thence William
O'Brien of the company accompanied them to New York. Ser
geant James Denin, of Company H, also left camp for Alex
andria, Va., to escort home the remains of John Caffrey, who
had died at the general hospital there.

At dress-parade, on the 3Oth, it was announced that Major
Atterbury would give three prizes, of ten, five, and three dol
lars, to the three men of the regiment showing the cleanest

o « '

muskets at inspection on the following clay. The men went to
work at once to compete for the honors. When the time
came it showed a brighter looking and cleaner lot of muskets

O O

and accoutrements than were ever seen in the regiment before.
Never, either, had there been an inspection so thorough. Col
onel Stiles and Captain Claassen were the judges, and awarded
the first prize to— Privates — David P. Smith, the second to

1862 A JOLLY GOOD TIME. 9!

Andrew Mercer, and the third to Silas J. Beckwith. The cere
mony was a fitting an 1 pleasing close to the old year.

The January thaw had set in early, for on New Year's Day
of 1862 the weather was warm and the camp very muddy; the
sun, however, shone brightly, the men were in a cheerful mood
and endeavored to forget, in the enjoyments of the day, their
absence from home — some nearly succeeded. Boxes contain
ing delicacies had been sent many of the men by their friends
in New York, and fortunately arriving in time, the contents
were displayed upon extemporized tables placed in the company
streets; " calls " were made, and despite the absence of the
smiling faces of lady attendants — which were sadly missed—
the men seemed to get a good deal of enjoyment. Games of
ball, quoits, and other amusements were indulged in. Dress-
parade was held at the usual hour, but many of the officers and
men were conspicuous by their absence, and, it was said, Fred
erick City reaped whatever advantage their presence gave,
while they were away from camp.

On the 3d the officers, accompanied by the band, went to
Frederick to pay their respects to Vice-President Hannibal
Hamlin, General William S. Rosecrans and others, in whose
behalf an entertainment had been prepared. When the delega
tion from the NINTH returned to camp late at night, they looked
and acted as though they had had a jolly good time, and were
still keeping it up.

On Sunday, the 5th, orders, afterwards countermanded, were
received directing the regiment to prepare two days' cooked
rations, and be ready to move at a moment's notice. Rumor
.had it that the destination was the northern boundary of the
State of New York, in the anticipation of trouble with Great
Britain, in consequence of the Trent-Mason-Slidell affair, and
which would naturally call for troops to be sent upon the Can
ada line.

On the 6th, ex-Adjutant John B. Coppinger, who, as has been
stated, was a general favorite in the regiment, visited the camp.
After dress-parade had been dismissed, Sergeant Charles S.
Strong of Company F, on behalf of the regiment, presented

92 THE NINTH NEW YORK. January

him with a handsome sword and sash, as a testimonial of his
worth, and the esteem in whirh he was held by the members.
Sir John "Coppinger-Murray" responded in appropriate terms,
and during his short speech was almost overcome by his feel
ings. He then passed through the several company streets,
where he was heartily cheered. On retiring to the Colonel's
quarters he was besieged with calls for "Coppinger! Coppin-
ger!" when he reappeared and again thanked the men for their
kind remembrances. The band of course was conspicuous in
the tributes paid, and the honored guest left camp to the tune
of "Auld Lang Syne," amid the cheers of the whole regiment.

On the 7th the garrison flag was again placed at half-mast,
as a tribute of respect to the memory of one for whom, when
living, all the members of the regiment had the utmost respect,
both for his character as an officer and a kind-hearted gentle
man. Information had been received of the death at New
York City, on the 6th, of Lieutenant-Colonel William H. Hal-
lick. He had gone home only a short time before hoping to re
cover his health and return again to the field of duty. His death
was not unexpected by his comrades, for in the stillness of the
night, those nearest his tent had often heard his painful cough
as he battled with that fell destroyer — consumption. Knowing
his condition he feared that he would have to surrender to its
call before an opportunity was offered to meet a less dreaded
enemy in the field. The officers passed resolutions of sympa
thy and condolence, which were sent to his family as a token
of the regard in which he was held by every one who had been,
favored with his acquaintance. His remains were interred in
Greenwood Cemetery.

The date of Colonel Hallick's entrance upon a military life
is not known ; it was about the year 1850 when he joined Com
pany B, " City Guard," in which he filled various non-commis
sioned offices until 1857, when he was made F"irst Lieutenant.
Before the close of that year he was made Captain, and on
June 25th, 1859, was elected Major of the NINTH regiment.
He became Lieutenant-Colonel — , 1860, but declined further
advancement in favor of Colonel Stiles.

1862 THE NINTH VS. EIGHTY-THIRD. 93

On the 8th General Banks and staff visited the regiment,
and thoroughly inspected the camp before leaving. On the
loth Sergeant Ralph A. Lanning of Company D was elected
First Lieutenant, after which he was presented with a sword
and sash on behalf of his company by Sergeant Henry P.
Clare, the Lieutenant responding in a neat speech. Sergeant
Felix Hirt of Company 13,— afterwards killed at the battle of
Fredericksburg, — was also on this day promoted First Lieuten
ant.

On the 1 3th snow fell to the depth of three inches, and as
the weather soon after became warmer, the quarters were so
muddy as to necessitate corduroying the company streets.
On the 22nd the camp was " taken" by a photographer from
Frederick. The weather for the following week was very
changeable, snowing and raining alternately. The roofs of
many of the huts were leaky, the men neglecting to repair
them during pleasant days, — forthen they didn't leak, — and be
ing deterred from doing so when it stormed. Drills, perforce,
were dispensed with, and this general inactivity, and a service
of over seven months without having met the enemy in a gen
eral engagement, tended to make the men dissatisfied.

On the 27th the first drill of the year was ordered, but as
the ground was soft and spongy little could be done and the
men were soon dismissed. At dress-parade orders were read
to the effect that Major William Atterbury had been appointed
Lieutenant-Colonel, and Captain Allan Rutherford of Com
pany F, Major, of the Eighty-third Regiment, New York Vol-
imtcers. Rumors of this change of regimental number had
been circulating about camp for some time. The State au
thorities had issued such an order on the /th of December,
but this was the first time that the news had been officially
promulgated in the camp.

The announcement caused as much excitement as though

a bomb-shell had exploded. Another cause of grievance, lay
in the fact that the Governor of New York assumed the right
to appoint and commission officers, without their being elected
and thus recommended by the members of the regiment, as

94 THE NINTH NEW YORK. January

had been customary in the Militia service. Still another an
noyance was produced by the U. S. Government refusing to
maintain the distinctive uniform of the regiment, and which
had been adopted before the outbreak of the war.

Upon enlisting in the regiment, all the members had been
mustered into the service of the State of New York, for the
usual period of seven years.

The oath which was taken upon entering the United States
service was as MEMBERS of the NINTH MILITIA, which, at the
time of this change of name, had already earned a valuable
reputation in active service under that designation, and why
the esprit de corps should be endangered or sacrificed was a
mystery then.

That the officers and enlisted men were of true soldier
material, is shown from the fact that this great disappointment
to their feelings of right and justice was not rebelled against,
but merely found vent in groans and sighs of disapprobation,
and the writing of articles against the great injustice practiced
upon them. Whenever anything troubled or puzzled the
rhymers of the regiment, they generally gave vent to their
feelings by dropping into poetry, hence :

THE LAMENT OF THE INVOLUNTARY VOLUNTEER.

BY ONE OF COMPANY L, NINTH REGIMENT, N. Y. S. MILITIA.

Unless you wish to wake my tears,

Speak not again that horrid word,
I am not of the volunteers ;

I hate the mongrel Eighty-third.

My country's call I did regard.

And on my armor I did gird ;
I joined the NINTH— the City Guard,

And now they call us Eighty-third.

My parents said a fond good-bye,

While sighs and tears their bosoms stirred,
I left them with the " NINTH " to die
'Tis dead, and I'm an Eighty-third.

1862 NUMBER OF THE WELL AND SICK. 95

The lovely lady of my heart,

Said I " looked pretty as a bird."
When with the NINTH 1 did depart :

She'd scorn me as an Eighty-third.

A scented 'kerchief wiped my brow,

Damp with an agony unheard ;
That 'kerchief Flora held — and now

I'm but a vulgar Eighty-third.

I wring my hands in deep distress,

From suicide I'm scarce deterred
Wheri'er I look upon the dress

Was sent us for the Eighty-iliird.

My hat of felt looped up at side,

And in it stuck the tail of bird.
Reminds me sheep and fowl have died

To tile the new-fledged Eighty-third.

Coats of dark blue, and pants of light,

Are " regular," but look absurd ;
Of them I cannot bear the sight —

We wear them in the Eiglity-third.

An angry scowl is on my brow

And dire thoughts within are stirred ;
W^hene'er I meet a comrade now,

And on his hat see E:ghty-third.

E'en in my sleep I loudly talk,

Until throughout the camp I'm heard;

I dream we are the " NINTH New York,"
And wake to find us Eighty-third.

Upstarting like one from a swoon,

I find my eyes with tear-drops blurred,
I dash them off — lie down — and soon

" I don't, won't see " the Eighty-third.
Camp Claassen, January, 1862.

On the 6th of February Surgeon CHARLES S. TRITLER,
Medical Director of the Army of the Potomac, made a report of
the condition of the army. The NINTH had ten hundred and
sixteen men present, of whom only twenty-nine were sick — less
than three per cent. Among some regiments there were as
many as twenty per cent, in the hospital or under medical care.

96 THE NINTH NEW YORK. February

The middle of the month found the weather still very dis
agreeable ; the camp ground was one mass of mud, rendering
all duty other than guard and picket, almost out of the ques
tion. Orders having been received from Washington permit
ting the transfer of enlisted men to the gun-boat service on
the western rivers, the following members of the NINTH start
ed on the i ;th for the naval rendezvous at Cairo, 111.: Pri
vates John A. Gray, Company C ; John W. Jacques, Company
D ; David Sands, Company E ; Nelson Pinard, Company H ;
Harvey Boker, Company I ; and Samuel S. Watson of Com
pany L. It is to be regretted that no record of the services
of these men in their new field of duty is at hand.

The news that had been received during the past two or
three weeks of the various victories, all in the South and
West — Mill Springs, Ky., Forts Henry and Donelson, Tenn.,
and Roanoke Island in North Carolina,- — caused great joy
and served as an antidote to the ennui of the camp. Jaundice
had now broken out among the men and many were sick; even
Surgeon Nordquist was not able to keep himself proof against
disease, and was obliged to obtain leave of absence in order to
recuperate, Assistant-Surgeon Pinkney returning from duty
in the hospital at Frederick City to minister to the needs of
the patients.

A slight ripple of excitement, and which served for a day
or two's talk, was occasioned by Private Charles Ross, of
Company C, challenging a comrade to mortal combat. To the
honor of the challenged party the duel was declined. It was
easy to see that some of the men were spoiling for a fight, but
it was not against each other that the members of the NINTH
enlisted to do battle.

On the 2Oth a petition, signed bv the officers, was for
warded to the Secretary of War requesting the Government
to transfer the regiment from infantry to the heavy artillery. .

There was an odd character in Company H, whom we will
call O'Stillivan, because that was " not " his name. " TheHams,"
however, will readily recall their comrade. O'Sullivan was an
Irishman, had served in the English army, and when on duty

i862 O'SULLIVAN AND FELIX. 97

was one of the neatest soldiers in the regiment. Unfortunately
he was a great stutterer, and when excited or angry at some of
the practical jokes played upon him, his efforts to express him
self caused no end of amusement. New ways and means were
beinof constantly devised by the men to secure more than the

£> J J

regulation number of passes to leave camp, and O'Sullivan hit
upon a good one. Approaching Captain John T. Lockman,
one Sunday morning, he asked for a pass to visit the camp of
the Twenty-ninth Pennsylvania regiment, for the purpose of
attending Mass, celebrated there by the Catholic clergyman,
the chaplain of the regiment. The Captain, willing to encour
age all religious observances, readily granted the requisite
permission. This particular " religious " service was always a
very long one, for O'Sullivan never returned to his quarters
till after dark, and his comrades noticed that he was generally
full of more spiritual comfort than it was supposed even the
good father could impart. Captain Lockman did not — or
would not — notice this, the "Hams" wouldn't "peach," and
O'Sullivan continued his attendance on " mass" for a number
of weeks.

After his first visit he had procured a white shirt — " biled
shirt," he called it — which he always wore when going to
church, and he seemed to prize that article more than any
thing else in his kit. Where it was kept during the week no
one knew, and yet search was often made for it when the
owner was out on duty. One Sunday a member of the com
pany whom, from his Spanish extraction, we will call " Felix, " a
tall, awkward, ungainly individual, and apparently somewhat
simple-minded, thought that he, too, would like to attend mass.
He obtained a pass, but wanted, also, O'Sullivan's white
shirt, and the owner being on guard duty that day and there
fore unable to leave camp, Felix made the request. O'Sulli
van was staggered by the audacity of Felix, but when the lat
ter, with tears in his eyes, told how he had been brought up a
strict Catholic, and how delighted his poor old mother would
be to hear of his attending mass, the soft spot in O'Sullivan's
heart was touched, and he, with weeping eyes, handed over the

98 THE NINTH NEW YORK. Feoruary

precious garment, with particular instructions as to its care,
and the solemn injunction to return it before sundown.

O'Sullivan watched Felix till he left the camp and then
went on duty, but it was noticed that he was silent and low-
spirited all day. He feared that some accident would happen
the " biled shirt." Long before sundown he was straining his
eyes for the return of Felix — who came not at the appointed
time, neither did he put in an appearance that night. The
next day O'Sullivan was almost wild. He cursed and swore
as well as his stuttering proclivities admitted, but neither
Felix nor the shirt were ever again seen in camp. Felix was
not so " simple " as he wished his comrades to believe, for it
was afterwards discovered that the fellow had for some time
secreted in the neighborhood a suit of citizen's clothes, and
was only waiting for a " biled shirt " to complete the outfit be
fore deserting. O'Sullivan's desire to attend mass vanished

with the shire.

Whenever the boys wanted to " raise Cain " with O'Sulli
van, it was only necessary to inquire what had become of his
" biled shirt."

Regimental chaplains were unknown in the regular army,
Post chaplains being all that the regulations called for ; neither
were the duties of militia chaplains very clearly defined, and
when Chaplain Phillips received his appointment from Colonel
Van Beuren, the new appointee asked what his duties were,
and what uniform he should wear. "You are to be pastor of
the regiment, and your uniform what would be suitable for a
minister of the gospel," was the reply.

The chaplain says that he never questioned the wisdom of
that answer, and that he found it amply justified in all his
subsequent experience, " relieving me from many embarrass
ments which other chaplains had, but which I happily
escaped." The chaplain soon became the repository of many
little secrets ; the men opened their hearts to him, respecting
their officers, while officers frequently consulted him respect
ing their men ; in all cases the chaplain acted the part of a
peace-maker — the " Pastor of the Regiment."

1862 SIX MONTHS IN DIXIE. 99

The chaplain recalls, with feelings of great pleasure, his ex
perience with the regiment, and especially of the life at Camp
Claassen. He says that on one occasion he was waited upon
by Corporal Dabney W. Diggs, of Company C, whose squad
had just completed their log hut, with the request that he
would hold a "Dedication Service," the corporal being unwill
ing- to have the men indulge in the usual " house-warming "
somewhat common at the time. The service was held, and
such was the influence exerted, that in a clay or two afterwards
another squad requested a repetition of the ceremony on the
completion of their hut. The sergeant who waited upon the
chaplain " was very emphatic in his desire that they should
have as good a send-off as the other fellows." The chaplain
prepared his best sermon, and the exercises, which were attend
ed by nearly the entire regiment, were a pronounced success.

Early in the month the chaplain had been invited by the
pastor of the Lutheran Church in Frederick, to preach for
him, and, of course, gave his hearers a good loyal sermon, tak
ing for his subject the division between Jacob and Esau,
" applying it to National affairs, but counseling fraternity, and
as carefully as possible trying to avoid any cause of offence."
To the surprise of the chaplain, many of his hearers took
umbrage at what he said, but the loyal portion were well
pleased. A good deal of interest was taken in the matter by
citizens generally, and by officers, and the chaplain was invited
to deliver a lecture on the subject in some public hall, in order
that many who did not hear the sermon might listen to the
lecture. When the matter was referred to General Banks,
however, he disapproved, fearing that more bitter feelings
might be engendered. It was therefore determined to take

£> O

up the subject in camp on Washington's birthday, and many
of the loyal people honored the occasion with their presence.
The lecture was entitled " Six Months in Dixie," and as a
preliminary, the chaplain gave some account of a winter spent
in Louisiana ; then he went on to relate his experience of army
life during the six months the NINTH had been in " Dixie."
Later in the day several games of ball, besides other sports,

TOO THE NINTH NEW YORK. February

were indulged in, and when night came, the men were ready
for a sound sleep, to which they betook themselves immedi
ately after roll-call at tattoo.

Rumors of a move were now circulating freely about camp.
A number of men who had been absent from their companies,
detailed as clerks, etc., were returned to the ranks. One of
these, Private Patrick Burns, of Company H (afterwards
killed at Gettysburg), had been in the commissary department
for some time, and when he came to put on his uniform jacket,
found that he could not button it. A certain lieutenant,
whose nose was a little " out of true," was officer of the guard,
one clay, and, as he passed down the line at guard mounting,
noticed Burns' unbuttoned jacket. As he passed, he said,
sharply : " Burns, button that jacket." Upon returning he
noticed that his order had not been obeyed. Stopping in
front of the offender he, in a more formal manner, said :
" Private Burns, button your jacket." Burns struggled for a
moment or two in a vain attempt to make buttons and button
holes meet, and then, in as dignified a tone as he could
assume, but which was rendered somewhat comical by his rich
Irish brogue, replied, as he looked the officer squarely in the
face : " Lieutenant - — , I can no more button that jacket
than you can straighten that nose on your face."

The officer was not a martinet, and, accepting the " explan
ation," he turned on his heels and passed on, realizing that a
further discussion of the question with such a ready-witted
subordinate would not be conducive either to good order or
military discipline.

On the evening of the 24th, it was announced that the
regiment would move on the following morning. At this the
men were well pleased, for, while they had enjoyed their win
ter quarters, all were anxious fora more vigorous prosecution
of the war in Virginia, hoping thereby to bring about the end
of the war, and then be allowed to return to their homes.

INSIDE VIEW OK CAMP LIFE,,' ; 1DI

LETTERS •.

Camp Rutherford, near Frederick City,

/Ar. 7th, 1861.

* * * Have been on the march ever since Monday morning till late Wednesday
night, and sick ever since. * * * Our company, being on guard the second day,
were the rear guard of the regiment, and after marching all day had to guard the camp
at night. I was fortunate to be one to guard a farm house where our colonel and
some other officers slept. The farmer told us he would leave the back door open and
a good fire, and that we might sleep in the kitchen our four hours off. * * * The
floor was covered with darkies asleep. I took my blanket and made my bed in front
of the fire, laid my rifle beside me, put my cartridge box under my head, and was
just ready for a good sleep when my comrade made a misstep and waked up the
whole lot, and such a time I never saw. The darkies screamed, my friend tried to ex
plain, I laughed. Finally some one got a light and we made them understand things.

* * * The farmer made us stop for breakfast, and such a breakfast, I seem to taste
it yet, and will never forget it. We had hot coffee, hot corn bread, biscuit, sausages,
cold meat, stewed pears, etc. They laid a clean table-cloth and we ate off plates and
used knives and forks.

Dec. 13, '6 1.

* * * I have my rubber blanket yet, also my spoon, but lost knife and fork long
ago; as we say in camp, somebody " won " them. Have not received the mittens yet.

* * * We would be glad to get an order to advance, if it would bring the war to a
•close, but if waiting longer would insure a complete victory, I for one won't complain.
But you know this is not a desirable life to lead. We are but little better than savages.
I wish you would sometimes send a Sunday paper ; we get the dailies, but others are
scarce ; but when we do get them they help to pass away the slow hours of camp life.

Jan. 6, 1862,

Have been too busy to write for several days. I wrote acknowledging the receipt of
my Christmas box. The pies did not break. * * * I lent one of the Twenty-sixth
N. Y. my pocket knife the other day, to cut his brother's name on a head-board ; he
begged so hard that I told him if he would give it to the doctor at the hospital when
he was through with it that I'd lend it ; and that's the last of it. I expect to lose my
head one of these days. * * *

Jan, 8, '62.

* * * Tell L the band plays the " Lazy Dance " very often, but I'm too lazy

to dance. * * * If we move it will make no difference in our address. * * * I
hardly think we'll cross yet, as the ice (in the Potomac) is too thin, the river too deep
to ford, and the rebels too thick on the other shore. I had sealed this when a man
brought me the lookecl-for box containing mittens and all the rest.

Jan. 12, '62.
Were paid yesterday — two months. * * * Last night one of Company L's men

came in and said Sam B wanted to see meat his tent ; round I went without fixing

up, and I looked like distress ; put my head indoor and there were Mr. and Mrs. B.
How they laughed ; Sam looked worse than I did. They brought me a package of
good things. I find the mittens with one finger very comfortable on guard, * * *
There is a very high wind blowing ; while on dress-parade our flag-staff fell, but
fortunately no one was hurt. I expect every minute to see our tent fly away and leave
us out of doors.

IO2, THE NINTH NEW YORK. February

Jan. 15, '62.

We are getting the benefit of one of the worst storms I ever saw. Our tents are
leaking so, we think of going outside. I imagine how you would open your eyes to
see me now. But you would not know me till I washed my face. A baker from 8th
Avenue, New York, has a large bakery in Frederick, he takes our flour and gives us
140 loaves for each barrel. It is a pleasant change after seven months of hard tack.
Our mess are having their pictures taken to give each other. I send them to you as
fast as I get them ; take good care of them, please, as I prize them highly. First I
send enclosed is the pet of our mess, John B ; we call him " Handsome Johnny."

Jan. 26, '62

We are all ready for an advance. The news from Kentucky is glorious, and puts
new life in the Potomac army, and if we get a chance will send you more of the same

sort, or better. * * * One of our mess, W , got a box from home with a huge

turkey and duck nicely stuffed and roasted. We made Mr. Turkey &Co. leave these
parts in a hurry. I find it rather hard to write, as the boys in next tent are having a
prayer meeting, and across the way a dance.

Feb. 3, '62.

It is snowing furiously. We have put a rubber blanket in front of the door, and
every little while we all rush up and hold on to the tent to keep it from blowing away.
* * * We are anxious to get a look at Manassas and Bull Run, and no doubt we
will get all we want of it. We have some men with us who were there, and two
dogs — one a big brindle we call Jeff. Davis. He knows as much as some men. He
goes the round of the guard every night, staying a few minutes with each man. * * *
Must be brief, as it is near dark. We were kept after inspection to hear the articles
of war read for the iiooth time. * * * I weigh 145 pounds, pretty good, consider
ing my long sickness last summer. * :-: * News from West cheering. \Yait
awhile and we'll send you some as good from the Potomac.

Feb. 13. '62.

>We have battalion drills every morning now. on a side-hill near the camp. Snow up
to our knees. It's awful hard work. * * * You'd laugh to see the boys on a
do.uble quick fall. They can't get up till all the boys have passed over them. Just
received news of Burnside's victory. The boys are cheering throughout the camp.
Please notice this — to one unacquainted, the Potomac forces seem to be doing nothing,
but we saved Maryland, and hold it yet, besides we keep in cheek 175,000 rebels who
are in Virginia, almost half of which are opposite our two divisions, Banks' and
Stone's » * * No loyal Union person can find fault with General McClellan,
unless he be awfully ignorant of warfare.

Fcb 19. '62.

* * * Our regiment is in excellent fighting condition, but few sick. We think in
case of a battle we will be used as a flanking regiment, being one of the best drilled in
the division, and composed of young, active, men; therefore quickly moved from ore
point to another, and with less loss of life than a poorer drilled one would incur. I
will tell you what flanking means — for instance : In an engagement "a>c are held in
reserve, and if our forces wish to change the front, by relieving the regiments that
have been fighting, and put fresh men in front, we must open fire from some other
quarter, and face the music till the change is made, when we retire till wanted again.
It is a very responsible position, and only well-drilled men will do.

l86? CAMP CLAASSEN. 10$

Feb. 23, '62

Yesterday being Washington's birthday, the Colonel gave the hardest and longest
battalion drill we ever had. Had a sham battle, and supposed ourselves beaten, and
had to retreat across a bridge. Our company and two others covered the retreat of
the rest. If it ever takes us so long to retreat in a battle, good-bye to the companies
that cover it. * * * Our officers have put in a petition to have this regiment
formed into an artillery one, and put it in one of the forts near Washington. It is
against the wishes of the men, the men are bitterly opposed to this.

Feb. 24, '62.

* * * Had our full complement of cartridges given us this morning. The whole
division go en masse. Watch the papers for news. If anything happens to me, I
will be cared for by our mess, and my things sent to you. I shall do my duty, and
won't be shot in the back. Don't belie\fe first reports of killed and wounded.

IO4 THE NINTH NEW YORK. February

CHAPTER VI.

AGAIN INTO THE VALLEY AND OUT.

Sandy Hook. — Camp Davis Revisited.— Bolivar. — A Foraging Party. — Charlestown. —
Sibley Tents. — "Spoon!" — Picket Duty. — A General Advance. — Middleway. —
Bunker Hill. — Winchester. — First Prisoner Lost to the NINTH. — The NINTH to the
Front. — Shields' Division. — Abercrombie's Light Brigade. — Berryville. — The
Blue Ridge Mountains. — Aldie. — Back to Reenforce Shields. — -Over the Mountains
again. — Goose Creek. — Centreville. — The Battle Field of Bull Run, 1861. — Man-
assas Plains. — Weaverville. — Warrenton Junction. — Reconnoissance to the Rappa-
hannock. — U. S. Uniforms. — Stormy weather. — The Capture of New Orleans. —
" Ye Ballade of Mans. Lovell." — " The New Ballad of Lord Lovell." — Letters.

opening of the Campaign in 1862, found McClellan
still Commander-in-Chief of the armies of the United
States. Since Bull Run there had been no great battle fought,
the General occupying the time in drilling and disciplining the
inexperienced troops ; in other words, making soldiers of the
raw recruits. The people at large did not appreciate the diffi
culties under which a body of armed citizens are moulded into
the form of an army, and, prompted by officials, both in the
army and civil service, the public had for some time been clam
oring for another " On to Richmond " movement. Notwith
standing the accusations of timidity and unnecessary delay
McClellan kept his own counsel and was silent, but steadily
pushed forward his work of organization.

The Army of the Potomac, toward which, for obvious
reasons, the eyes of the people were turned, was stationed to
cover Washington, while its opponent, the Confederate Army
of Northern Virginia, under General Joseph E. Johnston, was
at Manassas and Centreville, with its flanks extending from
the Potomac on the east to the Shenandoah Valley on the
west, and its outposts within sight of the Capital. General
Stone's division of the Union army was near Poolesville, his
pickets along the Potomac, while Banks' troops were scattered

1862 OPENING THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 105

along the line of the Monocacy, General Frederick W. Land
er's division was on the line of the Upper Potomac.

On January 2/th the President, under pressure of "public
opinion," issued his first " General War Order," directing a
forward movement of all the land and naval forces of the
Union to be made on the 22nd of February. From a mili
tary point of view this was a strange proceeding. It advised
the enemy, nearly a month in advance, that they \vere to be
attacked, and had better make ready to receive an assault.
Unfortunately General McClellan and the President were not
in accord respecting this forward movement. Interviews and
correspondence have revealed the fact that they held opposite
views respecting the operations of the Army of the Potomac,
and McClellan \vas obliged to divulge his plans to a few of the
higher officers of the Government. For strategic reasons the
General wished to move the army by water, down the Chesa
peake Bay and up the Rappahannock River to Urbana, thence
across the Peninsula to the terminus of the Richmond railroad
at West Point on the York River, thus flanking Yorktown

and reaching a point within forty miles of Richmond. The
President \vanted the army to move directly against Johnston at
Manassas. McClellan's plan was promptly communicated to the
Confederate authorities, and although that officer finally suc
ceeded in convincing the President that his plan was the best,
he was only permitted to make the change of base in a some
what modified form, and found the Confederate Army ready to
meet him when he landed — not above Yorktown on the Rap
pahannock, but below that stronghold on the York River.

In accordance with the President's order General McClellan
had directed Banks to march into the Shenandoah Valley, the
General-in-Chief accompanying the advance which crossed
the river at Harper's Ferry on the 24th of February.

Reveille was beaten in the camp of the NINTH at four
o'clock on the morning of the 2^th. Much that had accumu-

O ^

lated during the winter, in the way of camp comforts and con
veniences, could not be carried by the men and was given to
the flames. At eight o'clock the regiment formed upon the

IO6 THE NINTH NEW YORK. February

familiar parade ground and marched to the railroad station at
Ijamsville, one and a half miles distant, where the men
boarded a train of freight cars. All were in high spirits, and
pleased at the move towards the enemy. While the people of
the neighborhood, too, were glad to see the forward move
ment, doubtless many regretted the departure of the troops,
for the soldier's trade had been a source of profit to them,
while the men had been guilty of few of the faults that so
frequently render the presence of large bodies of soldiers a
nuisance to the inhabitants. After a most enjoyable ride of
some twenty-three miles the regiment reached Sandy Hook
at about two o'clock in the afternoon, and proceeded to the
site of Camp Davis. Tents were soon pitched and the men
retired for the night. On the following morning many of
them ascended Maryland Heights where a fine view was ob
tained of all the surrounding country, and to make the sight
particularly interesting, the Union troops could be seen on
the opposite side of the river driving the enemy before them.
At two in the afternoon the NINTH broke camp and soon af
ter crossed the river on a pontoon bridge. As the men climbed
the Virginia shore General McClellan and staff, as well as
General Banks, were observed ; this, it was thought, indicated
a speedy and aggressive movement. General Thomas J. Jack
son, since the battle of Bull Run, more familiarly known as
" Stonewall," was in command of the enemy, and hard knocks
were to be expected whenever the hostile forces should come
in contact. Bolivar was reached at half-past five in the after
noon, and shelter was found in the deserted houses.

No rations were issued on the morning of the 27th, and
those brought from Camp Claassen being exhausted, the men
were obliged to forage, and, considering the scarcity of all
kinds of food, they succeeded remarkably well. Confederate
prisoners were constantly passing through Bolivar to the rear,
indicating that the advance Union troops had met the enemy.
The men of the NINTH felt encouraged at the thought of soon

O o>

beino- able to take a hand in the business that had brought

t> ^

them from their desks, counters and work-shops.

1862 SCOTT "SCRATCHED GRAVEL." IO/

Large numbers of troops were still crossing into Virginia on
the 28th. In the afternoon a* small party, among whom were
Walter Scott and Matthew L. Tabele of Company I, eluding
the camp guard, started out on a " reconnoissance." A barn
in the distance became the objective, which upon approaching
a flock of geese was observed, and the force deployed in order
to surround the prize. The geese, becoming alarmed, retreated
through a hole into the barn, the last one disappearing just as
the party of foragers reached the spot. The barn door was
locked; the goose hole, a very small one, but it was thought
that the smallest man in the party might enter. The lot fell
upon Scott, who immediately essayed the task ; it was a tight
squeeze, but by the aid of his comrades who pushed from be
hind, he at length entered. The geese were disposed to resent
the intrusion and hissed their objections, but Scott attended
strictly to business until the whole flock, thirteen in number,
had been seized, killed, and passed through the hole. As each
man received a bird he made off towards camp with it. When
the last one was disposed of, Scott tried to follow, but the hole
seemed to have grown smaller, or Scott had become inflated
with success, for he found it impossible to make his exit. There
•were no friendly hands behind to push, and Scott could see
the farmer hurrying towards the barn. The imprisoned forager
redoubled his efforts and " scratched gravel " till his fingers
•were sore. Just about as the farmer came up Scott came
through ; his comrades were nearly all out of sight by this time ;
the farmer was the bigger man of the two, but Scott was the
better runner and reached camp in time to conceal himself be
fore the enraged granger could report to the commanding officer
the rape of the geese. A strict search, by a detail of the guard,
failed to reveal the presence of a s'ngle goose or goose-feather
in camp, and the disappointed and disgusted farmer retired.
Half an hour afterwards a number of individuals might have
been seen scraping away the earth from fresh-looking spots in
side their tents, and from holes in the ground pulling out the
bodies of dead geese. Stripped of their feathers and deprived
of their "innards," they were soon simmering in the mess ket-

IOS THE NINTH NEW YORK. March

ties, and when, at half-past nine, the order was given to fall in
for the night march to Charlestown, those who partook of the
toothsome repast were better fitted than their comrades to
cover the eight miles in an hour and forty minutes.

The regiment wras in heavy marching order and the tramp
was a fatiguing one. When ordered to halt the men were in

o o

a profuse perspiration, and for some unaccountable reason
were kept standing in the ranks for nearly two hours, by which
time they were throughly chilled. A countermarch was then
ordered, of some half a mile, and a bivouac made in a piece of
woods.

On Saturday, March ist, a camp was laid out near the biv
ouac. The change from Wall to Sibley tents consolidated
the messes, a feature not at all agreeable ; twenty men were
expected to occupy each tent, and this necessitated too much
crowding for comfort. So close were the men obliged to lie at
night that "spoon" soon became a familiar cry whenever any
one wished to turn over. Another inconvenience was the dif
ficulty in finding so large a number of congenial spirits to mess
and sleep together ; one sore-head would make trouble and an
noyance enough to keep the whole tent in an uproar. The of
ficers' mess was broken up too, but as they had their servants
to wait upon them they fared quite well.

Companies D and E, Captains Green and Shanly, accom
panied by a squadron of the First Michigan Cavalry, were
ordered on special duty at a point near Leetown, six miles
distant.

On the 2nd, Company F, under Captain Angus Cameron,
was sent to the Shenandoah River on picket duty. Contrabands
flocked into the Union lines by the hundreds and were not re
turned to their masters — as had been the case at Camp Claas-
sen in Maryland. The few remaining inhabitants in the
neighborhood freely declared themselves secessionists, and this
necessitated the posting of guards and pickets in all directions
to prevent their leaving the lines with information for the
enemy. On the 3d, Company G. Captain Hendrickson, was
sent out on picket, and on the 5th Company C, with a detail

l8G2 FORWARD ON THE VALLEY PIKE. IOQ

from other companies, under Captain Prescott, relieved Com
pany F at the river.

On the morning of the 6th a general advance of the troops
took place, and the NINTH, with the rest of the division, passed
through Charlestown, then turning to the west and halting
near Middleway, eight miles from the starting place. The
inhabitants were clearly hostile in their sentiments and actions,
The country seemed rich and fertile, the road was good, the
day pleasant and the march an easy one. The regiment re
mained at Middleway until the loth, during which time rations
were scarce and sutlers' goods held at such a high figure that
the men were obliged to do a little foraging.

At eight o'clock on the morning of the loth, the troops
again moved forward, in a pouring rain, and over roads soon
rendered difficult by the storm. When near the village of
Bunker Hill, the column halted for the 'night. During the
evening, Companies D and E, relieved from duty at Leetown,
joined the regiment. Roving bands of the enemy were fre
quently seen hovering about the flanks of the moving troops,
who picked up a number of stragglers, and shot a few who
tried to escape. Occasionally a dash would be made upon an
outpost, and the pickets were obliged to exercise a degree of
vigilance, seldom before required, in order to prevent their
being "gobbled up." At eleven o'clock the next day, the
column passed through Bunker Hill. The Winchester — or
Valley — pike was a fine level road, the best the troops had yet
traversed ; the artillery and baggage wagons moved over it with
ease. When it became necessary to double or triple the col
umn, the infantry took to the fields, leaving the road for the
teams. When within five miles of Winchester the infantry
were halted. Several skirmishes between the cavalry advance
and the rear guard of the retreating Confederates occurred
during the day, resulting in a few casualties on both sides.

Johnston's army had evacuated Manassas during the first
week of the month, and on this day — the loth — the Army of
Potomac advanced to that point. This movement on the part
of Johnston's main army necessitated the evacuation of Lees-

IIO THE NINTH NEW YORK. March

burg, and a corresponding retreat also, on the part of Jackson,
who, however, did not fall back until pressed by the Union
troDps.

On the iith, McClellan was relieved of the duties of Gen
eral-in-Chief, the President,, and Secretary of War, Edwin M.
Stanton, assuming the ofeneral direction of all the armies.

<_> o

McClellan was now pushing his arrangements for the transfer
of his army to the Peninsula.

On the morning of the I2th, the men were awakened early,
but it was not until seven o'clock that the forward movement
was resumed. The column moved slowly, with frequent halts,
towards Winchester, where it was expected Jackson would
make a stand, but according to orders, that General continued
his retreat to New Market, away up the Valley, and within sup
porting distance of the main Confederate army, hoping, no
doubt, that the Union troops would follow. Winchester was
entered without opposition, and some little satisfaction was
experienced when it was discovered that the enemy had left
behind them a number of heavy guns, mounted in the fortifica
tions, for want of time or means to remove. As the column
marched through the town the few inhabitants who showed
themselves wore a rather sullen appearance ; few men were to
be seen, and those who were encountered terribly scared, at
first ; but upon being assured that no harm was intended
against non-combatants, they soon became bold and communi
cative. They declared themselves to be good Southerners —
which meant that they were thorough rebels at heart — and
that they detested the Yankee soldiers. These people ren
dered good service to the Confederate army during the various
movements in the Valley, by furnishing information obtained
while within the Union lines.

The NINTH went into bivouac on the Strasburg pike, a
short distance south of the town. Details were made for
picket, and Company H was sent into town to perform pro
vost guard duty. Winchester is the county seat of Frederick
County, and, at the beginning of the war, had a population of
about eight thousand. On the i3th, James J. Keenan, a drum-

1862 THE LIGHT BRIGADE. I I I

mer boy of Company I, while straying outside the lines, was
captured by the enemy. He was the first prisoner lost to the
regiment. On the same day the camp was visited by the
Thirteenth Massachusetts, and the two regiments fraternized
for a brief season. On the I4th, heavy firing was heard
towards the front, t«he long roll was beaten, the men hurried
into line, and a moment or two afterwards were going on the
double-quick to the sound of the battle. • Upon reaching a
point about two miles distant, it was learned that the Third
Wisconsin and the Michigan Cavalry had been attacked by a
party of Turner Ashby's mounted men, but had repulsed the
assault and captured a few prisoners, whereupon the NINTH
returned leisurely to camp.

On Sunday, the i6th, the sound of heavy guns and the rat
tle of musketry was heard, but the regiment was not called out.
The weather was pleasant, the heavy rains of the previous day,
while leaving a few muddy spots about the parade ground, did
not prevent a battalion drill, and the usual dress parade in the
evening. On the iSth General lames Shields, who, on the

o J

death of General Lander a short time before, had assumed
command of his division at Romney, and who found that the
enemy had also left his front, passed through Winchester go
ing towards the front. Banks' army now consisted of two divi
sions, under Shields and General Alpheus S. Williams. Shields
was a brave, aggressive and intelligent commander, and no
mean opponent for Jackson, as " Stonewall " found to his cost
a short time afterwards.

When the news of the battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas,
fought on the 7th, was received, the men were quite elated and
expressed the hope that something like a battle might take
place in the East — win or lose. On the 2ist the brigade was
again reorganized, and consisted, besides the NINTH, of the
Twelfth and Thirteenth Massachusetts, the Twelfth and Six
teenth Indiana, four companies of the First Virginia cavalry
and two batteries of 10 pdr. Parrott guns. The organization
was to be known as the " Light Brigade," and Brigadier-Gen
eral J. J. Abercrombie, Colonel of the Seventh U. S. infantry,

112 THE NINTH NEW YORK. March

was placed in command. The brigade was detached from the
division and ordered to march across the mountains towards
Manassas, for the purpose of taking the place of a portion of
the Army of the Potomac, then preparing to leave for the
Peninsula. At two o'clock in the afternoon the brigade left

camp, together with other portions of Banks' old division,
leaving principally the troops of General Shields to look after
Jackson in the valley. Berryville was reached at eight in the
evening. It was a rough march of eleven miles, and soon after
halting the men lay down to rest and sleep.

At eight o'clock the following morning the march was
resumed, the Shenandoah crossed on a pontoon bridge,
and shortly after the ascent of the Blue Ridge begun by way
of Snicker's Gap. When the summit of the road was reached
the command halted for the night. The march had been a
pleasant one ; the weather was cool and clear, and the beauti
ful and picturesque scenery much enjoyed. The next morn
ing — Sunday, the 23rd — tents were struck at half-past six, and
at eight o'clock the column was in motion on the Aldie Pike.
The route led through Snickersville and Philemont and across
Goose Creek. The weather continued pleasant and, although
many of the men were nearly shoeless, that hardship was
almost forgotten in the contemplation of the romantic scenery.
After a march of seventeen miles, and when near Aldie, camp
was pitched for the night. The men rested until four o'clock
the next afternoon, when they were hurriedly called into line
and soon the column was countermarching towards the west.
Shields had been attacked the previous afternoon by the
cavalry of Jackson's command and, finding his force too small
to successfully cope with the Confederates in the open field,
had fallen back to Kernstown, about four miles south of Win
chester. During the skirmish, Shields was wounded in the
arm, but managed to post his troops in an advantageous position
for the battle he expected to fight on the following day. Jack
son attacked at noon ; meanwhile a courier had been sent to
bring back Abercrombie's brigade.

The Light Brigade hurried along to the support of Shields,

1862 BACK OVER THE 15LUE RIDGE. IIJ

and the march was kept up until three o'clock the next morn
ing — the 25th — when the troops halted on the mountain for a
few hours' rest. When the Shenandoah was reached it was
found that the pontoon bridge was broken, and it was not till
three o'clock in the afternoon that a crossing was effected.
The brigade marched directly for Winchester, cutting across
the fields and hurrying along, hoping to be in time to aid the
gallant Shields. When about two miles from the river an estafet
was met, who brought the cheering intelligence that the enemy
had been routed with great loss, and that the services of the
Light Brigade were not needed. Leaving a portion of William's
division behind to swell Shields' force, the brigade turned about
once more, and, amid -shouts of delight, wended its way back,
crossed the river, and began again the ascent at Snicker's Gap.
A short rest was enjoyed near the bivouac of the night before.

Nine o'clock on the morning of the 26th found the line in
motion again, and towards evening the advance halted near
Goose Creek. Upon approaching the bridge to reconnoitre,
the cavalry discovered a party of the enemy in the act of
unscrewing the nuts and drawing out bolts from some of the
timbers, hoping, no doubt, to kill two birds with one stone-
destroy the bridge and precipitate a lot of Union soldiers into
the stream, as soon as a sufficient weight of men or animals
was upon it. The infantry column had stacked arms and the
men were preparing their supper, when an alarm was raised
by the beating of the long roll ; this caused some excitement
among the troops in the rear ; the cavalry galloped forward to
the support of their advance guard, and the enemy at once
beat a hasty retreat. The bridge was saved. The NINTH
remained in camp all the next day, while two regiments of the
brigade were sent out on a reconnoissance ; they returned
during the day without having met the enemy.

The march was resumed on the morning of the 28th at

eight oclock. After passing through Aldie, the column con
tinued on the Little RiVer pike — a road as straight as an arrow
—for several miles, then broke to the right, and early in the
evening halted within four miles of Centreville. The eighteen-

TIIE xivni XEW VORK. March

mile march had been a dusty one, and the men embraced the
opportunity to bathe and wash in the clear waters of Cub Run,
near which they halted. At nine the next morning the brigade
moved, passing through the abandoned earthworks and camps
of the enemy, and viewing with some degree of interest and dis
gust the numerous carcasses of horses and mules that lay scat
tered about. The men were curious to see the formidable works
and obstructions, which — it was said — had kept the Army
of the Potomac at bay so long. The several forts and lines of
rifle pits were critically examined, while the camp sites were
explored for relics. After about an hour's halt at Centreville
the column moved on, and the men soon found themselves on
the battle-field of Bull Run, 1861. Thart historic stream was
crossed by means of a temporary bridge, and the regiment soon
after stacked arms in the late camp of the Third South Carolina
Volunteers. Again a hunt for relics was made, but little save
buttons were found to repay the search. The Stone bridge
Avas visited and viewed with great interest, as was also the
Henry house, and the Stone house — used as a hospital during
the battle — at the intersection of the Warrenton and Sudley
roads. Many other points made famous by the first great
battle of the war were also visited. It was here that the
members of the NINTH first had an opportunity of seeing the
great wastefulness occasioned by the exigencies of war. A
large amount of quartermaster and commissary stores, tents,
clothing and camp utensils, lay scattered about ; barrels of
flour, bacon, molasses and such like,lay exposed to the elements.
Had the Union troops been driven from their camps there
could hardly have been a greater abandonment of valuable
property. While the brigade remained here a violent storm
of rain, snow and hail burst over the neighborhood, and all
that could sought shelter in the huts built by the enemy for
Avinter quarters.

Late in the afternoon the column marched about two miles
towards Manassas Junction, and then halted for the night in a
low, wet, muddy field, where nothing could be found with
\vhich to kindle a fire. The trees had all been cut down, there

1862 MANASSAS, VIRGINIA. 115

wasn't a fence rail within sight, and nothing but a little light
brush wood and brambles could be obtained with which to
cover the wet ground. Many of the men woke next morning;
to find their clothing saturated with mud and water.

At ten o'clock — Monday, the 3Oth — the brigade pursued its
v/ay, and towards evening halted near Manassas Junction.
The neighborhood was so thoroughly cut up with earthworks
and lines of rifle-pits, the cleared spaces so covered with the
carcasses of animals, and the almost equally odorous aban
doned huts of the enemy, that it was with great difficulty a
suitable place was found for a bivouac. Some of the Confed
erate regiments had enjoyed better winter quarters than the
NINTH. On examining a number of the more pretentious
huts, several interesting relics were found, among them a play
ing card on which was written, " S. C. 3d Vols. We leave this
house thinking that a good man in a bad cause may rest his
weary limbs beneath its roof." On another: "We leave to
return again ; look out for the Mississippi Tigers !" In the
morning the men busied themselves in cleaning their clothing
and equipments, preparatory to an afternoon inspection, but
instead of that ceremony, they were ordered to pack up, and
at four o'clock the regiment crossed Broad Run — upon a
prostrate tree — and went into bivouac a short distance beyond
the stream.

The next morning, April ist, at eight o'clock, the brigade
moved forward, following the line of the railroad, crossing
several streams on temporary bridges, passing through Cat-
lett's Station, then turning south, and when near Weavers-
ville halted for the night. All along the route the eye was
greeted with the desolation of war — burned bridges, destroyed
road-bed, burned and twisted rails, engines and cars partly
burned, or otherwise rendered useless — it was a suggestive
sight. The Confederates had suffered greatly from measles
during the winter. The burying-ground of the Eleventh Ala
bama Volunteers, containing at least one hundred graves, was
also noticed. Verily, disease is a more deadly enemy to the
soldier than the bullet.

lib THE NINTH NEW YORK. April

At three o'clock the next afternoon, the brigade moved in
a westerly direction, and after a march of about four miles,
halted and went into camp near Warrenton Junction. Gen
eral Blenker's division, of the Army of the Potomac, was
camped at the Junction, but under orders, expecting- soon to
leave for the Peninsular. On the 3rd the ground was hardly
dry enough for company or battalion drill, but small squads
were formed and instructed in the bayonet exercise. On the
4th, Saturday, regular drills were resumed.

On the morning of Monday, the 6th, Company L, together
with a company from each of the other regiments in the
brigade, a squadron of cavalry and a section of artillery, the
whole under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas J.
Lucas, of the Sixteenth Indiana, made a reconnoissance to the
Rappahannock River, at the railroad crossing, reaching there
about eleven o'clock. The Confederate earthworks, on the
opposite side of the river, were shelled, causing the enemy to
retreat in great haste. After remaining an hour or more, and
obtaining all the information possible, the command returned
to camp without suffering any loss.

A driving rain-storm now set in, which continued with
scarcely an intermission until Thursday evening. Many of
the tents were leaky and the occupants rendered very uncom
fortable. The whole camp was soon a sea of mud and slush,
and as the storm continued, the ground inside the tents became
saturated. Fires could scarcely be maintained, and the men
were in a pitiable condition. But amid the gloom and desola
tion of their surroundings a ray of light appeared in the news
of the capture of Island Number Ten by General John Pope.
On the i ith the storm abated somewhat, and details were sent
out to repair the damage done the railroad. Towards evening
the news of Grant's victory at Shiloh — or Pittsburg Landing—
was received, and from that time till " taps," the camp resounded
with the rejoicings of the men. The sun came our. bright and
clear on the i2th, and during the day the regiment moved to a
new camp ground, half a mile distant, where a much better
Jocation was obtained.

1862 RECONNOISSANCE TO THE RAPPAHANNOCK. I \J

Monday, the i3th, was spent in placing things to rights in
the tents, in cleaning and drying wet clothing, and putting arms
and equipments in order. Provisions being scarce, a foraging
party under proper officers, was sent out, and returned during
the day with half a dozen wagon loads of food and forage,
while individuals of the party were well supplied with poultry
"and sich," which they had purchased or borrowed during the
trip. On the I4th a brigade review took place and it was
rumored that Abercrombie was to be succeeded by General
George L. Hartsuff. During the night musketry firing was
heard on the picket line, but the camp was not alarmed ; when
the pickets returned in the morning, they brought with them a
few prisoners, the result of a slight skirmish at the outposts.
By the i6th the bridges on the railroad had all been repaired,
and trains were running regularly to and from Alexandria.
McDowell's corps of the Army of the Potomac still remained on
the line of the Rappahannock, and the General was in command
of all the troops in the vicinity.

On the night of the i /th, five companies of the NINTH, un
der Lieutenant-Colonel Atterbury, with detachments from other
regiments of the brigade, four companies of cavalry and eight
pieces of artillery, in all about eighteen hundred men, under
the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Timothy M. Bryan of the
Twelfth Massachusetts, were assembled at the camp of the
Twelfth, and an hour or two after midnight proceeded on a re-
connoissance towards Rappahannock Station. The late storm
had rendered the roads almost impassable for artillery, the
caissons frequently cutting in hub deep, and the march was
thereby much impeded. Upon reaching, at about seven o'clock,
a cross road near the river,which it was thought led to fords
both above and below the station, detachments of cavalry were
sent out towards the river to guard the Hanks and prevent the
enemy from getting into the rear of the reconnoitering party.

Approaching nearer the river by the main road, Colonel
Bryan halted his command below the bluff or ridge which
overlooked the stream, and with two or three officers ascended
the hill in order to obtain a view of the opposite bank. The

IlS THE NINTH NEW YORK. April

bluff was a steep one, about seventy feet high. The enemy
were plainly seen on the opposite side, strongly fortified, on a
bluff some twenty feet higher than the one occupied by Col
onel Bryan. Concealed by the bushes, the Colonel noted that
extensive earthworks had been erected, while others were in
course of construction. Owincr to a bend in the river the

enemy could easily enfilade any line on the Union side, but
Colonel Bryan disposed his force to the best advantage, and
with such secrecy, that his line was established without the
knowledge of the enemy. Part of the artillery was drawn up
by hand to the crest overlooking the river, and masked by the
shrubbery ; a section was sent to a hill about three-quarters of
a mile to the right, and the guns well supported by infantry.
The detachment of the NINTH, with a section of artillery under
Lieutenant-Colonel Atterbury formed the reserve.

The following extracts describing the action are taken from
Colonel Bryan's report:

As the last echo of the rebel hand at guard mounting died away I gave them as a
chorus the right piece. * * * This was a splendid shot. The shell struck nearly the
center of the large fort opposite and, bursting, scattered the men on all sides. * * *
This work was being completed and the parapet was covered with men at work. The
next shot went a little to the right, and the next also. This giving them some en
couragement they returned and opened fire with two brass six-pounder smooth-bores,
their shot and shell falling short about thirty yards. The fifth shot * * * blew
up the magazine in that work and silenced the guns. * * * Suddenly two masked
batteries enfiladed us. I made a slight change in our position and replied. * * *
Two masked batteries opened on Lieutenant Charles B. Brockway, (who had charge
of the artillery on the extreme right) one a twenty-four or thirty-two pounder, which
enfiladed the line of skirmishers. * * * I ordered the battery to take another
position and try the earthworks on their extreme left. Hardly had they taken position
and opened fire when a masked battery in front, and not over one thousand yards dis
tant, replied. * * * Lieutenant Brockway directed one of his pieces upon it with
such effect, that at the second fire one of the enemy's guns was knocked over, and the
hoises of the battery were seen galloping away over the fields. * * * The force of
the enemy I estimated at between five and seven thousand infantry, at least one regi
ment of cavalry, three full batteries of six-pounder smooth-bores and two siege guns,
twenty-four pounders. * * * In conclusion, allow me to express to you my heart
felt thanks for placing me in command of the picked men of your brigade, who, not
withstanding the fatiguing march, without any sleep, they, both officers and men,
were ready to undergo any amount of hardship, and all seemed anxious to acquit
themselves as heroes.

1862 IN U. S. REGULATION CLOTHES. I 19

It had been intended that the expedition should reach the
river in time to throw up a line of rifle pits before daylight, for
the protection of the infantry, and then send a mounted force
across at daybreak for the purpose of creating a diversion in
favor of a force under General Christopher C. Augur, who had
that morning driven the enemy from Frederickburg and
occupied the town. The object of the expedition was fully
accomplished, however, and that without a single casualty in
Colonel Bryan's command.

On the i Qth the regulation light blue trousers were issued
to the men, to replace the dark blue worn on leaving New
York, and which had always distinguished the NINTH Militia
from the other volunteer regiments in the field. Much indio-

o o

nation was manifested at losing the cherished color and trim
mings. 'Overcoats had been changed at Camp Claassen, and
now only the jacket and cap remained of the original uniform,
and to these the men clung during their whole term of service,
wearing them when off duty.

The next three days proved rainy, and those compelled to
be out on guard or picket duty were made thoroughly
miserable. Quite a number were compelled to register their
names on the sick list. On the 23rd the weather was clear
and pleasant, and the day was mainly spent in drying clothing
and repairing the wear and tear to arms and equipments.
General Abercrombie was present at dress-parade and was
kind enough to compliment the men on their fine soldierly
appearance.

The next day proved that the storm had only been taking
a rest, for again the rain came clown and continued, with
scarcely an intermission, till the morning of the 26th, when the
sun again shone upon an array of wet and muddy blankets and
clothing, rusty guns and water-soaked accoutrements. In the
afternoon, the regiment was exercised in bayonet drill. Mon-

day, the 27th, was pleasant and the respite from drill gave the
men an opportunity to visit the neighboring camps, among
which was General George A. McCall's division of Pennsyl-

I2O THE NINTH NEW YORK. April

vania Reserves. Reading and letter-writing was a regular

fj O <_>

Sunday employment, much practiced by the NINTH, and the
day was well spent until the usual time for the evening dress-
parade.

On Tuesday, the capture of New Orleans was officially
announced to the troops. This event was of particular inter
est to the NINTH, inasmuch as General Lovell, the Commander
at New Orleans, had been Captain of Company C at the out
break of the war, a position he had resigned to cast his lot
with the Confederates.

From Moore's Rebellion Record, vol. V., the following
verses are copied :

YE BALLADE OF MANS. LOVELL

Mans. Lovell he mounted his General's steed,

All on the New Orleans levee ;
And he heard the guns of old Cockee But — ler,
A-sounding all over the sea — sea — sea —
A-sounding all over the sea !

"Oh ! what shall I do? " Mans. Lovell, he said —

" Oh ! what shall I do ? " said he ;
" For this Butler's an old Massachusetts man,

And he'll hang up a traitor like me — me — me—
He'll hang up a traitor like me ! "

Mans. Lovell he called for a brandy cock-tail,

And galloped from off the levee ;
And he vamoosed New Orleans, betwixt two days,
As fast as his steed could flee — flee — flee-
As fast as his steed could flee !

O Mansfield Lovell ! you left New York,

A rebel and traitor to be ;
But, if ever you're caught by Cockee But — ler,
Look out for your precious bod — ee — dee — dec
Look out for your precious bod — ee !

CAPTAIN GENERAL LOVELL. 121

THE NEW BALLAD OF LORD LOVELL.

Lord Lovell he sat in St. Charles' hotel,

In St. Charles' hotel sat he,
As fine a case of a Southern swell

As ever you'd wish to see — see — see —
As ever you'd wish to see.

Lord Lovell the town had vowed to defend ;

A-waving his sword on high,
He swore that his last ounce of powder he'd spend,

And in the last ditch he'd die.

He swore by black and he swore by blue,

He swore by the stars and bars,
That never he'd fly from a Yankee crew

While he was a son of Mars.

He had fifty thousand gallant men,

Fifty thousand men had he,
Who had sworn with him that they'd never surrert-

Der to any tarnation Yankee.

He had forts that no Yankee alive could take ;

He had iron-clad boats a score,
And batteries all around the lake
And along the river shore.

Sir Farragut came with a mighty fleet,

With a mighty fleet came he,
And Lord Lovell instanter began to retreat

Before the first boat he could see.

His fifty thousand gallant men

Dwindled down to thousands six ;
They heard a distant cannon and, then,

Commenced a-cutting their sticks.

" Oh ! tarry, Lord Lovell ! " Sir Farragut cried—
" Oh ! tarry, Lord Lovell ! " said he ;

" I rather think not," Lord Lovell replied,
" For I'm in a great hurry."

" I like the drinks at St. Charles' hotel,
But I never could bear strong Porter,

Especially when its served on the shell,
Or mixed in an iron mortar."

122 THE NINTH NEW YORK. April

" I reckon you're right," Sir Farragut said,

" I reckon you're right," said he,
" For if my Porter should fly to your head,

A terrible smash there 'd be."

Oh ! a wonder it was to see them run,

A wonderful thing to see,
And the Yankees sailed up without shooting a gun,

And captured their great citie.

Lord Lovell kept running all day and night,

Lord Lovell a-running kept he,
For he swore he couldn't abide the sight

Of the gun of a live Yankee.

LETTERS :

Bolivar Heights, Feb. 28, 1862.

* * * Our troops are nearly all across. We built a good bridge on 40 boats, and
a plank walk built on them (pontoon bridge). Found Harper's Ferry nearly deserted ;
the people were panic-stricken and left, taking all they could with them. We occupy
the houses as we have no tents with us. Our company have a good brick one ; 40 men
sleep in my room. Bolivar is nearly as large as Hoboken, nearly all the houses are
brick. Harper's Ferry is built on a hill-side, and looks very ancient. The country is
hilly about " yere." We expect to move towards Winchester this P. M. Our wagons
have not arrived and we are half starved. Coffee without sugar and bread without
salt is all we have so far. Some obliging person helped himself to my haversack, with
two days' food, and my tin cup. You can have some idea whether I am hungry. I
could eat an ox, every bit of it. There are 30,000 men here to-night, and it is reported
that McClellan will send 60,000 more in a few days.

Charlestcnim, Va., Mch. 4, 1862.

I write to let you know where we are, but fear it will not reach you very soon, as
correspondence is not forwarded. Our duty is severe. We are right among the enemy
and capture some every day. Night before last General Banks sent to our Colonel for
his largest and best company to go eight miles out and do picket duty. Our company
went, and such a time ! We were to be the very outpost, and the posts 200 yards
apart. The Second Massachusetts had been on the outposts before ; when we passed
them (they) were surprised to see us put ours beyond them, and said we'd every one
be taken by the rebel cavalry, as three of their men had been taken already, but our
Captain said he was ordered to put his first (post), next to the Second Massachusetts,
and the last on the Shenandoah River, and he'd do it, or send us all to Richmond.
We searched every house and barn on the way. It was very cold, and we passed
through woods, fields and swamps, and over fords, till morning came, and I was very
glad to see it. \Vere not allowed to build a fire, or sleep ; indeed, did not feel like
sleeping. The rebs. had felled trees r-?ross the road, every little way, to prevent our
artillery from passing. Just after we left in the morning, a large body of rebel cavalry
came up the road behind us, with a flag of truce, telling General Banks if he did not

i862 ACCOUNT OF LIKE AT THE FRONT. 123

retreat to the other side of the rivet in ten hours, Jackson and his men would drive us
•out, hut \ve are still here, and when we do move Jackson won't have to run after us.

We got into Charlestown at midnight ; there were but a few old men in town ; they
would not let our troops into houses, hotels, barns, or any other buildings, so we
helped ourselves. Our company took possession of a printing office, and slept in a
large room at the top of the house. Some of the women were awful " sassy," and said
we'd get whipped out of the place in the morning ; that we were only loafers, and dared
not fight men, only women. The Colonel allowed us to forage, and I must tell you of
my first effort in that line : Eight of us started ; went to a house two miles from camp.
We were armed with revolvers and clubs. They saw us coming, and the old man,
woman, and three girls came out. I said, we are Union soldiers and want food, but
will not be unreasonable ; will take a few chickens and a turkey, as you have plenty.
The old man said he must submit, but Jackson would pay us in the morning. He had
two sons in the Rebel Army. One of the girls spoke and said : " I thought you came
here to fight, not to steal." We got three ducks, two geese, one turkey, nine chickens,
and a sheep ; enough to last several days. They would have given us a pair of chick
ens for a handful of salt. Salt is worth $40 a sack, coffee $r, and tea $3 a pound;
calico, the poorest 1 ever saw, 37 cents per yard, and very scarce at that. * * * I only
weigh 145 pounds, but if foraging keeps good, think I'll get in good condition. Just
saw N , is awfully disappointed, for he got no letters, so I lent him your's to con
sole him.

Winchester, Mch. 19, 1862.

Have just come off picket * * * There were ten men on a post, and we were gone
two clays. * * * Their pickets came close to us during the night, but seeing (?) there
were so many, left. We don't fire unless they show fight, for, if we do, we will have
all our men up without cause, and we need all the sleep we can get. I must tell you
of the alarm we had last night ; we stood guard two hours each ; I went on at 9.30,
came off at 1 1.30, made my bed by the fire and went to sleep, leaving only the two on
guard awake. But I just got into the land of dreams when they waked me and said
they heard cavalry in the distance. I played Indian, and putting my ear to the plank
road, could plainly hear them riding rapidly. Coming from that direction, we sup
posed them rebels of couise, so waked up all the boys, and made ready to meet them.
I went down the road a ways and waited till they were about 200 yards off, when I
sang out, Halt ! They could not see me, it was so dark, but stopped instantly. I
asked. Who comes there? They answered: Friends. I ordered one to. dismount,
advance, and give the countersign ; he did so, and said they were from Western Vir
ginia, under General Lander, and there were 8,000 more coming, infantry, cavalry and
artillery, and did not expect a picket, unless rebel, so far out. They warmed at our fire,
and went on. During the night two rebs. walked up to our fire and began talking, as
much at home as could b^, supposing it was their own picket, and felt bad enough
when they found out their mistake. They talked freely, said they were tired of war
and hoped it would soon end. In the morning one of our boys killed a pig ; we skinned
it, cut it up, and hung it up to cool, and in the afternoon cooked every blessed bit of
that pig, at least 60 pounds, and had a grand dinner, the prisoners eating as if they
had seen no meat for five years at least. They said they did not expect to find gentle
men in the Union Army, and would remember the NINTH New York forever.

Our boys have a large flag across the street, and the Massachusetts boys have
another just above. Many of the women won't walk under them, but go some dis
tance around, which makes a great deal of fun for the boys. The other day two young

124 THE NINTH NEW YORK. April

ladies came down the street ; one passed under the flag, the other stopped ; her friend
called her to come on. " No !" said she, "I never will go under that dirty flag," and
was about turning back when one of Banks' (Collis) Zouaves, standing by, said : " I'll
bet, madam, it's cleaner than your chemise." She went under.

Near Warrcnton Junction, ApL 3, '62.

We have had hard times since leaving Winchester. When over thirty miles towards
Manassas we got orders to return, as Stonewall Jackson had attacked the forces we
left (Shields). * * * It was a hard-fought battle; our boys fought desperately, and
suffered dreadfully. We've been on the march ever since we left Winchester. We
are nearly barefooted! I picked up a pair of shoes some one had discarded. * * *
We are only half fed at present. * * * For dinner to-day had one cracker and half
a pint of coffee. The roads are so bad our wagons can't get through. * * * Our
wagons went for forage to-day, but the rebs. chased them back inside our pickets.

l. 6. '62.

The mail came through last night and I got your letters. * * * McClellan spoke
truly when he said he would ask of us " to bear cheerfully long marches and many
deprivations." I got a pair of shoes to-day — No. 14/5 — pretty good-sized soap boxes, but
as I have been nearly barefoot for three weeks, I'm very glad to get them. * * * It
was kind of you to offer to send money for shoes, but if I had a box full I could not
spend it here. * * * While on picket the other night we encountered the rebel
cavalry and exchanged shots, but in the darkness they got away. We doubled our
posts and waited their return, but they did not come. ' My post was near a house. I
went there in the morning and got breakfast, bread butter and coffee. The women
were bitter towards the Yankees. As they were women I did not say much ; only
when one said, " It is a shame to see a promising young man in so wicked a cause,"
and that we could " never conquer the South." I said, We II try.

Apl. 1 8, '62.

We are on picket, and about as lazily situated as you can imagine. Have three
posts of sixteen men each. * * * I came off guard at 8:30, A. M. and have been
getting breakfast. One of the boys put his ration of coffee with mine ; he made the fire,
I brought water, and while he made coffee I set the table (!) As he did the most work
I made things equal by eating most breakfast. The weather is as hot as July. * * *
Five companies of our regiment and two batteries and a cavalry regiment past us last
night on a reconnoissance, and we have heard continued firing all the morning from that
direction, and think likely they have had sharp work, for between the heavy guns we
distinctly hear the volleys of musketry. I hope we may be called out where the rest
of the regiment are. Although never in actual battle, have seen death in all shapes
since out here, and been in one skirmish, enough to give me an idea of warfare. I
am willing to stand my chance, at any time, by the side of my comrades. * * *
Our overcoats would make you a stylish basque (?), so look out for box from C --
soon.

On Picket, Apl. 29, '62.

Got our mail last night. I had eight letters, four from you, so to-day I am enjoying
them. Two contrabands came in just now. Say they walked all night to reach our
lines — they bring no news. We took 17 yesterday; one pretty woman almost white. I
offered to escort her to headquarters, but the lieutenant said no, and in less than an
hour sent me up with an old woman over 80. I call that mean. One of my contra-

EXPERIENCE ON PICKET. 125

hands just asked me if I was " writin* to your girl;" I said Yes ; says he, " I 'spect she's
mighty feared you'll get killed." Yes, said I. " Den," said he, " dat's right, you ought
to write often, for I 'spect, she tinks a heapo' yer." Yes, said I, and told him to keep
still, but I know he won't. He is old and one of the pleasantest looking darkies I ever
saw

I went a few days ago to see John Randolph's plantation. It's about two miles
out of camp. I was much pleased with it. There is no one there but the negroes, and
there seemed to be about 200 of them. There were about 40 little houses — quite a
village — each family had one. There were Higgins', Carters', Browns', Smiths' and all
the darky names you can imagine. The mansion is an antique building. I did not
stay as long as I wanted to, for as our cavalry came in, the rebels came back and I
thought it might be their day to call. My relict has come, so I must take my contra
band and travel to headquarters. I just asked the old man if he had any word to send
my girl, and he says : "Tell her I'se an old nigger, mos' done gone, but I hopes de
Lord will bress her." * * * Just had a little excitement. The Sixteenth Indiana
regiment, not knowing we were here on picket, came into the woods to fire off their
loaded muskets, and their balls fell around us like hail ; we threw ourselves down on
the ground, behind the trees; three balls struck my tree, about two feet above my
head. It was a wonder some of us were not hurt. You ask if we had plenty of
eggs for Easter? Not one— biscuit— pork and coffee.

126 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

CHAPTER VII.

MORE MARCHING.

Good News from the West.— General Hartsuff in Command of the Brigade. — Twelfth
and Sixteenth Indiana Leave for Home.— Camp Stanton, Catlett's Station.— News of
McClellan's Victories on the Peninsula. — On the March. — " The Brooklyn Four
teenth," (Eighty-fourth N. Y. Vols.)— More Stormy Weather.— Fredericksburg. —
Department of the Rappahannock.— Shelter Tents.— Knapsack Drill.— Reviewed
by President Lincoln. — March to Acquia Creek. — Up the Potomac to Alexandria. —
By Rail to Manassas. — March to Front Royal. — Stonewall Jacskon's Operations in
the Valley.— Confederate Money. — General Rickettsin Command of the Division.—
" Hartsuff' s Plunderers." — Return to Manassas. — McDowell Does not Join Mc-
Clellan. — Visiting the Battle Field of Bull Run '61. — Enlisted Men must not Carry
Pistols or Revolvers. — Drills Resumed.— Letters.

ist of May, although "moving day" to so many New
Yorkers, passed with the NINTH stationary in camp.
Indeed the weather was very unfavorable for moving; the
ground was wet and the roads in bad condition. Towards
e'vening the sky cleared a little, and it was hoped that settled
weather would soon replace that of the past few weeks. The
news of the evacuation of Corinth, Miss., and its occupation by
the Union Army under General Henry W. Halleck, on April
3<jth, was received on the 2nd, but inasmuch as the enemy had
quietly moved off everything of value belonging to them, it was
looked upon as rather a barren victory. Yet, it was a victory
for which all were thankful. The next day General Hartsuff
relieved General Abercrombie of the command of the brigade.
On the afternoon of the 4th it was officially announced that
the enemy had evacuated Yorktown. McClellan had begun
his spade movement on the 5th of April, and had been success
ful in digging the enemy out, who retreated leaving all their
heavy guns behind them.

The Twelfth and Sixteenth Indiana regiments, who had
entered the service for one year, left for home on the 5th. The

1862 CAMP STANTOX. I2/

NINTH regretted parting with their western comrades, whose
companionship had been found most agreeable, and the wish was
expressed that they would soon re-enlist and return again to the
front ; the record shows that most of them did so. Indiana
troops were found on nearly every battle-field of the war.

The encampment had been occupied then for nearly a
month, and owing to the continued heavy rain had become
quite unhealthy ; a move, therefore, was ordered, and in the
afternoon the regiment marched about a mile nearer Catlett's
Station, on the railroad, and pitched tents on as pleasant and
healthy a spot as could be desired. In honor of the Secretary
of War it was named Camp Stanton. On the afternoon of
the 6th the regiment was exercised in battalion drill, move
ments which, owing to the stormy weather, had been suspend
ed. For the next few days drilling was vigorously prosecuted;
the weather was pleasant and the men appeared to be in good
physical condition. News of McClellan's victories at Williams-
burg and West Point, and which added greatly to the prestige of
the commander, were duly received. The NINTH wondered
when they would have an opportunity of meeting the enemy.

On the iith the brigade was reviewed by General Hart-
suff, at the conclusion of which orders were issued requiring
the regiment to be ready to march early the next morning.
General Abram Duryea's brigade arrived from Alexandria
during the night, for the purpose of relieving Hartsuff's, and
shortly after noon on the I2th, the Light Brigade folded their
tents, buckled on their knapsacks, and started on the march.
The weather was hot and the road dry and dusty ; water was
scarce on the route, and the brigade commander had issued
orders forbidding the men to leave the ranks even to get
water — this order, however, was more honored in the breach
than in the observance. After a march of five miles towards
the southeast the column halted for the night. At half-past
six the next morning the march was resumed, the route lead
ing through a fine-looking country. After a hot and dusty
march of sixteen miles the brigade halted for the nicrht near

O *>

the hamlet of Hartwood ; many of the men spread their blan-

128 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

kets out in the open air in preference to crowding into the
Sibley tents, and slept just as soundly as ever they did on
feather beds or hair mattresses at home. Starting at seven
o'clock on the morning of the i4th the column soon after
passed through Hartwood, thence on towards Falmouth,
ou Hearing which the Fourteenth New York Militia, from
Brooklyn, was passed. This regiment also rejoiced in a
change of number — they "saw" the NINTH and "went them
one better," for they were officially designated as the Eighty-
fourth New York Volunteers.

The red-legged Fourteenth had been engaged at Bull Run,
and no doubt looked upon the NINTH with becoming commis
eration, but this did not prevent a very cordial meeting
between the two regiments, among which were many mutual
friends and acquaintances. Familiar salutations were heard
on all sides. The meeting of friends, under such circumstances,
is peculiarly interesting, and can only be appreciated by the
boys who were there. Sharing a common danger and know
ing not at what moment the chances of war might cut them
off, their greetings were heartfelt and spontaneous. The col
umn passed through and beyond Falmouth about a mile,
finally halting on Stafford Heights opposite Fredericksburg.
Before tents could be pitched, a violent thunder-storm, accom
panied by a deluge of rain, broke over the shelterless men,
and nearly all were drenched to the skin. During the follow
ing day the storm continued, and the men were obliged to
keep close within their tents, except the poor unfortunates
who had to be called out on guard or picket duty ; but this
enforced absence of some of the men was a great benefit to
those who were lucky enough to be in camp, as the tents were
less crowded. 128

On the 1 6th, the sky was clear again and the men were
enabled to view their new surroundings. To the right, nest
ling close by the river, lay Falmouth, its inhabitants apparently
peaceable- and happy ; to the left and rear, on ground sloping
gently down towards the Rappahannock, were fertile farms
with good houses and outbuildings ; on the opposite side of

1862 OPPOSITE FREDERICKSBURG. 1 29

the river, upon a plateau some fifty feet above the level of the
stream, lay the city of Fredericksburg, the steeples of its
churches and many of the more prominent buildings being
easily seen. There were no outward indications of war, save
the ruins of the railroad and turnpike bridges, which had been
destroyed by the enemy when their troops evacuated the
neighborhood ; not an armed enemy was in sight, and to a
stranger it might have seemed that the Union troops were out
on a camping frolic.

The location of the camp having been found inconvenient,
a change was made on the i /th, and tents were pitched near
several springs of good water. During the day, the Eleventh
Pennsylvania joined the brigade.

The forces which remained along the line of the Rappa-
hannock, after the withdrawal of the Army of the Potomac,
had been placed, as before stated, under the command of
General McDowell, and on the 4th of April the Department
of the Rappahannock had been created, and that general
placed in command, his troops being designated as the First
Corps. At the same time, General Banks had been assigned
to the new Department of the Shenandoah. While the NINTH
was at Falmouth, certain changes took place in the organiza
tion of the troops and the " Light Brigade " ceased to exist in
name. The division was now under the command of General
E. O. C. Ord, and consisted of three brigades, under Generals
Ricketts, Hartsuff and Duryea.

It had been the intention of the President, that as soon as
matters were quiet in front of Washington, and in the Shen
andoah Valley, to send General McDowell with the First
Corps to join General McClellan, from whose army McDowell
had been retained when the balance went to the Peninsula,
and on the ijth, McDowell received orders to prepare for the
movement that would connect his left with the right of
McClellan's army, then under General Fitz-John Porter at
Hanover Court House. Had this movement been carried
out, perhaps, the Peninsular Campaign might have had a more
auspicious ending. In preparation for the movement,

I3O THE NINTH NEW YORK.

McDowell's troops were stripped for fighting ; the number of
regimental wagons were reduced to five, and the men ordered
to pack up all surplus clothing, retaining only the most neces
sary articles, and the baggage was sent to the rear. The Sib-
ley tents were also replaced by pieces of cotton cloth, about
four feet square, and which were known as D'Aubre or shel
ter tents. Each man was to carry one-half — one piece — of the
tent, so that two men, by buttoning the pieces together and
stretching them over a low ridge pole, might find some sort of
Si shelter.

On the morning of the 2Oth General McDowell reviewed
the brigade, which now consisted, besides the NINTH, of the
Twelfth and Thirteenth Massachusetts and the Eleventh
Pennsylvania. In order to accustom the men to rapid move
ments, and to become expert in striking and pitching their
little shelter tents, they were^ frequently ordered into line in
heavy marching order, put through short marches in the
vicinity, and then ordered to pitch tents again. With green
troops, fresh from home, this, no doubt, would have been a good
method to pursue ; but men who had been in the field for a
year thought it savored of persecution and a desire to grind
them down. They were perfectly willing to be led against
the enemy, and would have undergone any hardships necessary
to that end, but they objected to expending their energy in
such — to them — senseless "drill." During the afternoon of
the 2ist, under a burning hot sun, the brigade was put through
a three hours' drill in this heavy marching order. Fortunately
none of the men were prostrated by this uncalled-for trial of
their endurance. The next clay opened with every indication
of rain ; it came down about nine o'clock, just after company
drill. Never was it more gladly hailed by the men, for they
knew that it would prevent a repetition of the drill of the day
before. They caught it on the 23rd, however, for the "assem
bly " beat at six o'clock, and a good day's drill was performed
before the sun was high. Before the men were dismissed it
was announced that in the afternoon McDowell's Corps would
be reviewed by the President. This news put all in good

1862 REVIEWED BY PRESIDENT LINCOLN. 131

humor, for the men honored and revered Abraham Lincoln.
Never was a march to the reviewing ground begun with more
willingness — even eagerness — than that in honor of the beloved
President, the Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of
the United States. Each man was proud of the opportunity
of testifying to the Head of the Nation that he was with him,
heart and soul, in the great undertaking, and as regiment after
regiment passed by the reviewing point, three solid cheers
rang out from each. It was hoped that this reception might
add at least a temporary joy to the sad heart, and serve some
what to lighten the great burden of care which was carried so
manfully to the end of the struggle.

Captain Claassen, who had been serving for some time as
Asst. Inspector-General on General Banks' Staff, resigned on
the 22nd. In the fall he re-entered the service as Colonel of
the 1 32nd N. Y. Vols.

He entered the militia as a member of the New York
" Light Guard," in 1857 ; became Drill-Sergeant in 1858. In
1860, he was elected a member of the City Guard, Company
C, of the NINTH. When the regiment left for the seat of war,
he was in Europe, and on his return began to organize Com
pany I, of which he was elected Captain.

The 24th opened with indications of rain, and it was hoped
the daily drill in heavy marching order would be postponed—
not so, however. Two days' rations were issued and extra am
munition distributed, and when the tramp began it was thought
that the enemy was the objective, but the march led to Belle
Plain on the Potomac ; after a short rest there, the column
countermarched back to camp in a pouring rain-storm, and. as
a further " seasoning," the men received a thorough drenching.

Affairs in the Valley were now in such a critical condition,
that President Lincoln suspended the order for McDowell's
movement to unite with the Army of the Potomac, and instead
of that, ordered a portion of the First Corps to be sent to the
help of Banks and Fremont. Shields' division, which had only
reached Catlett's Station a day or two before, was hurried
back again to the Valley, and on the 25th, Ord's division

132 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

followed. The NINTH left camp at four o'clock in the after
noon, loaded with three days' rations, and marched with few
halts until two o'clock the following morning, when the Poto
mac was reached. At daylight, and while waiting the arrival
of the rest of the division, many of the men improved the
opportunity to bathe in the river. At seven o'clock the
NINTH, with the Twelfth Massachusetts, were conveyed by
the ferry boat Eagle to the steamer Vanderbilt which lay in
the stream ; the other regiments of the brigade embarked on
the Hudson River steamboats, North America and South
America. The Vanderbilt had only gone as far up the river
as Indian Head when she ran aground, and, despite the efforts
of tugs to pull her off, she remained fast. An accident — which
fortunately was not attended with serious consequences-
occurred on board : Private James Pettit, of Company I,
while half asleep walked overboard ; an alarm was instantly
raised and a boat lowered ; Pettit, thoroughly awakened by
his sudden plunge into the water, managed to paddle about
until rescued, and was soon brought on board thoroughly
scared by his misadventure, but happy in his safe deliverance.
At eight o'clock the next morning, the 27th, the steamer
Red Jacket took off the NINTH, while the Parthenia received
the Twelfth, and the voyage was resumed. The sail up the
historic stream was much enjoyed. Mount Vernon was an
object of special interest, but, owing to the dense foliage the
Home of Washington could barely be seen — a great disap
pointment to all on board. While passing Fort Washington,
the band played and the men shouted and cheered to the gar
rison. Alexandria was reached at noon, and, eluding the
officers, a large number of the men found their way into the
city, many of whom soon became oblivious to their duty, so
that, at half-past seven in the evening, when the regiment was
ordered on board the cars, less than half the men were in line.
The train reached Manassas Junction a little after midnight,
the men remaining in the cars till daylight, when the regiment
was marched about two miles and camped. Most of the
stragglers arrived during the day, and the records show that

1S62 GAINESVILLE FRONT ROYAL. 133

they were punished for their unsoldierly conduct. In extenu
ation of this breach of discipline, it must be borne in mind
that this was the anniversary of the departure of the regiment
for the seat of war. The men had no battle anniversary to
celebrate as yet, and the leaving home was about the most im
portant event in their military history.

At six o'clock on the morning of the 2Qth, tents were
struck, and shortly after the division was on the march.
Upon nearing Gainesville cars were found in waiting, upon
which the men embarked, but on reaching a stream it was
found that the bridge was destroyed, and they were obliged
to foot it again. Bivouac for the night was formed within a
mile of Thoroughfare Gap in the Bull Run mountains. Six
o'clock the next morning found the column in motion. The
villages of White Plains and Salem were passed, and a halt
was ordered within two miles of Piedmont Station. The day
was one of the hottest the men had ever experienced, but the
air was somewhat cooled in the afternoon by a heavy shower.
Reveille was beaten at three o'clock in the morning of the
3 ist, and the march resumed at five. Upon arriving at Pied
mont, knapsacks were left behind, and three days' rations
issued. The roads were rough and frequently crossed by
deep streams, through which the men were obliged to wade—
the water often reached as high as the hips. The march was
a forced one and was continued until about eight in the even
ing ; when, after a tiresome tramp of twenty-one miles — and
for two or three hours in a pouring rain-storm — Front Royal
was reached. It was a wet bivouac that night, for the rain
continued to pour down incessantly.

After a particularly heavy thunder shower in the early
morning of Sunday, June ist, the day broke bright and clear.
The picturesque mountain scenery — all nature looking refreshed
after the rain — was some recompense for the discomforts of the
march and bivouac. To the sound of heavy cannonading the
troops fell into line at ten o'clock, marched about a mile
beyond the town and formed line of battle, remaining thus
about two hours, after which the shelters were pitched for the

134 THfi NINTH NEW YORK. June

night. The division of General Shields — that old hero carry
ing his arm in a sling, the wound received at Kernstown on
March 23rd, still troubling him — passed the NINTH during the
afternoon, and the column was most vociferously cheered.
During the night it rained hard ; the camp was deluged with
water which trickled through the thin shelter tents and formed
little puddles wherever the men lay down.

Many of the members of the NINTH will recall the wild and
picturesque view obtained while crossing one of the streams
on a railroad bridge during the march. The water fell over a
ledge, a sheer descent of over two hundred feet, forming one
of the most romantic waterfalls in the country, while on either
side the mountains seemed to tower to the very clouds.

A brief resume of Jackson's operations in the Valley during
the past few days will serve to explain matters : On the 24th of
May, Banks was driven from the Valley towards the Potomac,
which he soon after crossed, leaving a small force at Harper's
Ferry under the protection of the batteries on Maryland
Heights. By the 25th the Government was thoroughly alarmed,
fearing the intrepid Jackson would cross the Potomac and march
on Washington from the west and north. Telegraphic mes
sages were sent to the Governors of the Northern States, call
ing for militia to hurry to the defence of the Capital, and
within twenty-four hours nearly half a million men were offered
for that purpose. On the 28th Jackson advanced on Harper's
Ferry, and, leaving a strong rear guard there under Ewell to
hold the Union forces in check, he then turned about with his
main force and began a rapid retreat up the Valley. His
object had been accomplished. He had thoroughly frightened
the Government, and prevented reinforcements being sent to
McClellan, and now it was time for him to get out of the way
before the troops, hurrying to cut him off, should bar his
retreat. On the night of the 3ist Jackson was at Strasburg,
while Fremont, who was operating on the west side of the Val
ley, had only reached a point nine miles northwest of that place.
Shields had expected General John C. Fremont to be at Stras
burg on the 3Oth, while he (Shields) would reach Front Royal

IS62 ATTEMPT TO HEAD OFF JACKSON. 135

at the same time, and thereby cut the enemy off. Shields'
advance reached Front Royal on time, but as Fremont failed
to cooperate, Jackson slipped through. The Union troops
pressed on in pursuit, however, but it was a stern chase, and
Jackson succeeded in inflicting severe punishment upon his
adversaries before leaving them.

The morning of the 2nd was cloudy, and soon a heavy rain
began to fall, but at one P. M. the NINTH marched towards
Strasburg, about three miles, and then bivouacked in the wctods.
The next morning the march was resumed, and after a five-
mile tramp the command pitched their tents on a hill between
the north and south forks of the Shenandoah. For the first
time in a long while rations of fresh meat were issued, and the
men thought they fared sumptuously. Camp speculators had
introduced large quantities of counterfeit Confederate cur
rency, which was always cheerfully accepted by the inhabitants
—many of whom preferred it to U. S. greenbacks, and as the
men bought the spurious bills at a very cheap rate — about a
hundred for one — they were prodigal in the expenditures among
the farmers, and enjoyed many a good square meal at a very
small cost. Rail fences and lumber were plenty, and the men
made themselves comfortable shelters for the day and night at
this place.

On this day, the advance of Shields' division reached Port
Republic before Jackson, but the latter forced his way by
and continued the retreat. It is not our province to follow
Jackson further during this campaign ; suffice it to say, that he
exhibited as much good generalship in his retreat as during
the advance, and. after whipping Fremont at Cross Keys and a
portion of Shields' division at Port Republic on the 8th, the
pursuit was abandoned. Jackson returned to Lee's army on
the Peninsula where he rendered efficient service during the
later battles there. We shall see and hear more of him in a
little while.

The long-continued rains had raised the rivers and smaller
streams to overflowing, and endangered the few bridges that
the enemy had not destroyed. On the morning of the 4th,

136 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

while it Wa.3 still raining, the brigade recrossed the Shenan-
doah and marched to Front Royal, thence to the railroad sta
tion to obtain the knapsacks left at Piedmont, and which had
been brought forward by rail ; they were found thoroughly
soaked by the rain, and a number of them rifled of their contents.
On the 5th, the bridge at FVont Royal was carried off by the
flood, and several of the NINTH, who had been left on duty on
the western bank, were temporarily cut off. The regiment was
destined to remain here for some time. On pleasant days
many of the men visited the town, and inasmuch as the inhao-
itants had the reputation of being well disposed towards
Union soldiers, they were kindly treated in return, and their
property respected. On the 7th, General James B. Ricketts
relieved General Ord of the command of the division.

Although the members of the NINTH were generally
healthy, and stood well the hardships and privations of the
march, there were a number of serious cases of sickness. On
Sunday, the 8th, a board of surgeons made an examination
of the worst cases, and a few discharges were granted. The
next day the discharged men, together with some officers who
had resigned, left for home. In the evening it was discovered
that a number of men, among whom were two from the band,
had deserted, and it was supposed they had accompanied the
discharged men to New York.

Owing to the long rest at this place many of the men were
getting quite restless, and the chronic bummers absented them
selves so frequently, for the purpose of prowling about the
country, that stringent orders against such a breach of military
discipline were issued. The troops were supposed to be always
under orders to move at a moment's notice, and the absence of
any considerable number from camp v/ould have been an unfor
tunate occurrence, had the regiment been suddenly called upon
to move. On the i3th, Duryea's brigade left Front Royal,
leaving only the other two and a few of Banks' troops on the
opposite side of the river. The water was still very high and
several men lost their lives while endeavoring to cross. The

NINTH picketed Rattlesnake Mountain, the scene of the

"HARTSUFFS PLUNDERS. 137

bloody encounter on the 23rd of May, between the two First
Maryland regiments — one Union, the other Confederate.

On Sunday, the 1 5th, the NINTH received a lecture from
General Hartsuff, in general orders, read that evening at dress-
parade : " * ' That in future there must be less falling out of
the men upon the march, and less of individual foraging."
The men considered this a poor return for. the efficient service
they had rendered, and in order to show their disapprobation
of the order, a torch-light procession was arranged, and among
the transparencies carried was one bearing the inscription,
" Hartsuff's Plunderers." On Monday the obnoxious order
Avas the topic of general conversation, and General Hartsuff
was severely criticised for his undeserved rebuke.

At six o'clock in the morning of the i 7th tents were struck,
and at nine the two brigades boarded trains of platform cars
and journeyed east, arriving at Manassas Junction late in the
afternoon ; then, marching a couple of miles from the station,
went into camp. The ride over the mountains was a pleasant
one, and the change of view, with every turn in the railroad,
was much enjoyed. An unfortunate accident, resulting in the
death of George L. Fream, of Company C, who had been de
tailed for special duty at General Hartsuff's headquarters,
occurred, during the i8th. Fream fell from a moving car, the
wheels passing over his legs and necessitating amputation ; he
did not survive the operation.

When the division left the Valley to the care of Generals
Banks and Fremont, it was expected that the long-deferred
march to join the Army of the Potomac would be made. On
the loth General McDowell had written General McClellan :
" * * * For the third time I am ordered to join you. * * * Mc-
Call's division goes by water. * * Hope to be with you in ten
days." On the i2th he wrote that the delay of Banks to re
lieve Ricketts' division in the Valley caused his delay in join
ing the Army of the Potomac on the Peninsula. McCall's di
vision was the only force that left McDowell's corps.

On the iQth, two members of the NINTH had a narrow es
cape. While upon a train, the cars were precipitated into Bull

138 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

Run through a weak bridge. The same day the body of Pri
vate Fream was forwarded to New York, accompanied by his
father and Joshua C. Hall, of Company C.

Captain Prescott, having resigned, also left by the same
train, the members of Company C cheering him roundly as he
departed. During the day President Lincoln and Secretary
Stanton visited the troops at Manassas.

As opportunity offered, many of the men visited the old
battle-field of Bull Run. The bodies of many of the Union
soldiers had been so hastily buried that the ghastly remains
were, in many cases, exposed to view, as the bones lay bleach
ing in the sun. The graves of the Confederates were well
cared for, and had but recently been decorated with flowers by
the people of the vicinity.

As the weather became. settled the usual round of company,
battalion and brigade drill was resumed.

Sunday, the 22nd, orders read at dress-parade prohibited
enlisted men from carrying pistols or revolvers, and they were
told that during a battle they must rely wholly upon their
muskets and bayonets. For general information the Eighty-
third Article of War was also read.

The next day the brigade marched about a mile from camp
for the purpose of drill, but a severe rain-storm caused a sus
pension. The men were hurried back to camp and found that
their poor shelters were utterly inadequate for the purpose ;
that everything within was soaked with water. The storm
continued all the next day, the 24th, but on Wednesday it
cleared off and a battalion drill was held in the afternoon,
and on Thursday the brigade was put through a series of
evolutions.

On the 2/th, General Shields' division departed by rail for
Alexandria.

On the 28th, Lieutenant James H Stevens and First Ser
geant Cyrus C. Hubbard, having been appointed Captain and
Second Lieutenant, respectively, of Company C, they assumed
their new duties, much to the satisfaction of all the members.
On the 3Oth, the brigade was inspected by General Hartsuff.

1862 A PEEP BEHIND THE CURTAIN. 139

Quartermaster Henry L. Stevens died in New York on the
2ist of consumption, and was buried in Greenwood. He had
gone home but a short time before, on sick leave, hoping to
recover his health, and his death was unexpected His many
good qualities had endeared him to his associates. Lieutenant
A. Martin Burtis, of Company L., who had been acting Quarter
master, was appointed to fill the vacancy.

LETTERS:

May 4, '62.

I am sitting back of my tent writing and watching the Twelfth and Sixteenth
Indiana regiments, whose time has expired and they are getting ready for home. It
will make our picket duty harder ; we sent two extra companies to-day, besides one
company on duty at brigade hospital, and details for guarding cattle, commissary
stores, etc. If we don't get any fighting, we get plenty of hard work. * * * It
makes us mad to think we are kept back always. They should put the new regiments
at such work and give us some of the righting to do, and let us win some of the ^lory.
I was on camp guard the other night just back of the tent ; there were several exca
vations on my post, filled with water. Our countersign was " Falling Waters." My
relief came at two o'clock. I halted him, and, as he advanced to give the countersign,
he said •" Falling," and went in up to his neck. I had to laugh, but when I did the
-same thing, soon after, I concluded it was no joke..

Camp Stanton, Catlett's Station,
May 6, '62

* * * We get awful drills now that we have a fine ground. This morning we
had two hours' of bayonet drill, and this P. M. the Colonel thought we needed exercise; so
gave us a battalion drill that lasted three hours; then gave us fifteen minutes to get
ready for dress-parade. Healthy ! but I prefer smaller doses. * * * I enclose a
picture of our tent which one of the boys made for me ; twenty-one of us live there.

May 9, '62,

* * * My post last night was very lonely, besides being the outside one, Lxcept
a mounted picket, and he gave me more trouble than all the rebs. did. Will give you a
little history of to-day's doings. Reveille woke us at five ; got up, and could only find
one shoe, so I hobbled out, got into line and answered to my name ; then went back
and found the said shoe laid carefully under my knapsack ; then took soap and towel
and went to the brook to bathe. I was just going to say combed my hair, but don't
possess any, which is a great comfort. Then got breakfast, — coffee and crackers ; eat

hearty. Then W , my partner and bedfellow — we are partners in everything — for

instance — we have one can to get our food in, and get coffee in same ; one double and
one single blanket ; we lay our rubber blanket down first, then our double blanket, and
get inside, then draw our single one over us. You see the firm is in straightened cir
cumstances. Says he to me, " L , don't let us drill to-day, but take writing

material and go in the woods and write." I agreed. He put a rubber blanket under
his coat and we took our portfolios and started. We past the guard very easily, as one

I4O THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

of our own company was on that post, he turned his back, so of course did not see us..
\Ve found a beautiful place under a huge oak tree, have spread our blankets, taken off
our coats, and lay down, writing. I've dug a hole to put the bottle of ink in so it will
not get upset. We can see everything going on in camp, and hear the music plainly.
Now our regiment are mounting guard ; then each company must drill one hour and a
half, while we laugh at them ; but the laugh will be on the other side when we get

back. " W and W ," calls out the orderly, " On guard to-morrow. We try to

look innocent as sheep while we ask, What for? " Missing drill." We say, All right.
I'd be willing to do a week's guard duty for one perfect day of rest like this.

Fa [month, Opposite Fredericksbnrg .

Have just arrived. It has rained since we started. Yesterday had the most fatigu
ing march we ever had. It was terribly warm, and we were marched 18 miles, so we
could report to McDowell to-day. Our men fell all along the road for seven miles,
completely exhausted. We started yesterday 'morning with 800 men, and came into
camp with 156. Our company did as well as any, started with 82, and came in with
24. One came in with 5. We suffered greatly for (want of) water. I left the ranks
on account of sickness. Could have ridden in the ambulance, but preferred march
ing with the boys. I fell out twice, and it made my heart ache to see the boys lay
along the road, suffering from heat.

May 15, '62

We saw a circle round the moon, (last night> first red, then green, then it turned to
the prettiest red, white and blue. First a circle of red, then one of white, then one
of blue. The guard waked us up to look at it, and we stayed up nearly all night. I
have not been well for a week past, but am better now. \Ve are enjoying starvation
again. It's rough going out in the rain, but it's for the Union, so I won't complain..
The sun has just put in an appearance.

May 1 8 — Sunday — '62

Our company did not go to (divine) service this morning, and had to listen to the
reading of Articles of War, as punishment. * * *

Front Royal, June 6, '62.

This is the first time I have had a chance to write for two weeks, and now am on
guard, and my relief goes on next. Have suffered terribly since we left Falmouth ,
marched day and night, with but little rest, and it has rained six days. Nothing but
hard-tack to eat, and only half enough of that. Jackson is surrounded, and must fight
or surrender. * * * Took cars from Alexandria to Manassas, then commenced march
ing, and most likely will inarch on to the end of the war. General Shields is with us,.
Banks above, Fremont to the right, Blenker to the left, and Jackson, the rebel, some
where among us. * * * Our prisoners say they are not afraid of McDowell, and if
they get at him again will whip him worse than at Bull Run '61 We are hoping the
great battle will take place soon, and near, for if they march us to Richmond this hot
weather, we will " done gone, suah."

June 13, '62

Our company has a good thing just now — guarding cattle belonging to our bri
gade. We are detached from the regiment at present and quartered in a secesh flour
mill. In the day-time the cavalry take them out to graze, and we take care of them
nights. Fifty-two wagons of wounded were brought here this morning from General
Shields' division; he ordered one of his colonels to advance behind Jackson and burn a
bridge, so as to cut off and capture his wagon train which was on this side. The officer

i862 A SOLDIERS LIFE DESCRIBED. 141

crossed the bridge and attacked Jackson, whose force was about twelve times as large
as his, and of course he got badly whipped. Fremont arrived just in time to save
them from being wiped out. These poor fellows have to suffer for the blunders of
incompetent officers. * * * We are living good now, having plenty of fresh meat,
but somehow I feel better after hard-tack and bacon than if I eat fresh meat. * * *
We have not had 'a mail in some time and no papers, and 1 think we are the dumbest
set in the Union army. One day, it is said, Richmond is taken ; the next day it ain't ;
then Corinth is evacuated, then it ain't ; and so it is with the reports we get. You
would not know the N. Y. gth. We left home a very decent-looking regiment, nicely
uniformed, and looked well ; but now it makes me laugh to look around ; sunburnt
faces, ragged uniforms, big shoes, all sorts of head covering. Some have thrown away
their knapsacks and wear their blankets tied round their bodies. You would laugh to
see us on the march. One man will have a gridiron strapped on his back, one a pail,
another a coffee pot. Each company has to carry four axes, four picks, taking turns
to carry them. Some of the boys are discouraged, but I'm getting " mad," and am
determined to see this affair out (unless a bullet or sickness interferes), if it takes ten
years.

Manassas, June 18, '62

Yesterday at Front Royal. The rebs. are jubliar.t over what they call Jackson's
victory over McDowell, Banks and Shields' combined forces, but only Shields' force
was engaged. The remnants of his men were in a miserable condition when they
reached us — ragged, dirty, barefoot and hungry. We took in all we could and
divided what we had with them. They are heroes ! I talked with many of them who
were in the fight ; they said it was terrible. The Union men were outnumbered 10 to
i, but kept the enemy back more than an hour, and finally, finding it was useless to
sacrifice more men, retreated across the bridge, planted two guns, filled them to the
muzzles, and when the rebels filled the bridge, discharged them, completely clearing
it. This was their parting salute. * * *

142 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

CHAPTER VIII.

POPE'S CAMPAIGN TO AUGUST i8TH.

General John Pope Assumes Command of the Army of Virginia.— Failure of the
Peninsular Campaign.— Celebrating the Fourth of July.— Marching Orders.—
Warrenton.— Provost Duty.-Pope's Address to the Army.— The NINTH in
Charge of the " Department of Public Works."— Journalistic Enterprise. — " The
New York NINTH."— Amusements.- To the Front.— Sulphur Springs.— Culpeper
—Battle of Cedar Mountain.— The NINTH during the Night.— Burying the Dead!
— Arrival of Reenforcements. — " Whisky and Powder." — Departure of the Band.
— The Secret Service.

F ULY opened with bright prospects for a vigorous, aggressive
campaign on the part of the Union forces in Northern
Virginia.

The following had been telegraphed to General Halleck :

War Department, June il, 1862.
MAJOR-GENERAL HALLECK, CORINTH :

The exigencies of the service, in the President's opinion, absolutely require that
General Pope should be assigned to a command here. It is hoped that among the
number of able generals in your command that you can spare him without inconven
ience. * * *

EDWIN M. STAXTON.

Major General John Pope, who had won high renown in
the West, as an able and successful commander, and having
been called to Washington in obedience to above request, was
placed in command of the heretofore widely separated corps of
Fremont, Banks and McDowell ; the new combination beino-

designated " The Army of Virginia." The troops within the
defences of Washington, as well as a small force under General '
Samuel D. Sturgis at Alexandria, were also included in Pope's
command. This change was highly gratifying, at least to the
members of the NINTH, and they felt confident that the con-,
centration of these commands under one able general, would

result in more intelligent and successful movements, instead of

SHIELDS VS. FREMONT. 143

the intermittent and spasmodic attacks which had occupied
their time to little apparent advantage. When General Fremont
was apprised of the consolidation he asked to be relieved, feeling
that it would be a degradation to serve under Pope, whose
commission as Major-General had been issued subsequently to
his o\vn. In contrast with the conduct of some generals,
whose ideas of patriotism and loyalty were measured by the
importance of their commands, it is refreshing to read the letter,
written April 2Oth, 1862, to the Secretary of War, by that
noble old hero, Brigadier-General Shields, then sixty-three
years of age. He was a Brigadier-General in the Mexican
war and brevetted Major-General for gallantry just after he had
driven Jackson out of the Valley : " * "* I would respect

fully suggest that my division, Blenker's division, and Aber-
crombie's and Geary's commands be united and consolidated
as speedily as possible, to force their. way towards Richmond.
This movement, if followed up by General Sumner's command
and the rest of the disposable troops on the Potomac, will
relieve General McClellan and contribute to the destruction
of the Rebel Army and the capture of the rebel capital. I am
ready to conduct this movement if you can get the Senate to pass
at once upon my nomination ; but confirmed or not by that
body, I am ready to lead or follow which ever you may deem
most advisable. Fremont's command had been

designated as the First, Banks' the Second, and McDowell's
the Third corps. On being relieved Fremont had turned over
his command to Gen. Robert C. Schenck pending the arrival
of a new commander. General Rufus King was first ap
pointed, hearing which General Schenck asked to be transferred
to another department, but, upon General King being assigned
to another command and General Sigel appointed Com
mander of the First Corps, General Schenck withdrew his
request and remained under Sigel.

About the 2nd and 3rd of the month the principal topic of
conversation in camp was the news from the Army of the
Potomac. A series of bloody battles had been fought,
McClellan had been driven from the vicinity of Richmond, and

144 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

had fallen back to Harrison's Landing on the James River, as
a new base of operations. The failure of that campaign made
it evident that Pope's army would soon have an opportunity of
meeting the enemy, and it was hoped the reverses on the
Peninsula might be counteracted, and a new and brighter
aspect given to the Union cause.

Anticipating a rest from drill and extra duty, on the 4th,
the men of the NINTH had scoured the country for material
with which to decorate the camp. Arches were built at the
head of each company street, and numerous other decorations
devised, by the taste and ingenuity of the regimental artists.
A liberal supply of (lags decorated each tent. Refreshments
—both liquid and solid — had been ordered from Washington,
for, as some remarked, " It may be the last Fourth of July
many of us will see," and the boys were determined to have
a royal good time. The celebration was well under way and
all were enjoying themselves, when, at ten o'clock, orders were
given to " Pack up at once and be ready to move at a moment's
notice !" Never was an order more reluctantly obeyed. Of
course the men could see no reason for such an interruption
of their festivities, which were being conducted in the most
orderly manner, and many were the anathemas hurled at the
head of the author of the unwelcome order. The extra sup
plies that had been procured were hurriedly disposed of ; the
men eat and drank more than their fill, in order to save the
good things, and at noon line was formed.

On approaching the railway station at Manassas Junction
a gaily decorated train of cars was seen approaching, filled
with people from Washington and Alexandria, who had come
to spend the day and see the sights at camp. Taking a
wistful look at the happy excursionists, and regretting that
circumstances, over which they had no control, would prevent
their assisting at the reception of the visitors, the NINTH
marched away. Towards evening a tired and disappointed lot
of men went into bivouac near Gainesville. At six o'clock the
next morning the men were in line again. Broad-Run was
forded, soon after which the column passed through New

1862 AT WARRENTOX, VIRGINIA. 145

Baltimore, and early in the evening camp was reached near
Warrenton. The day had been very warm and the roads
dusty, and although only ten miles had been marched, the
men were glad to halt and seek repose.

Warrenton, the county seat of Fauquier County, is at the
terminus of the Warrenton branch of the Orange and Alexan
dria railroad, and nine miles from Warrenton Junction. It
was a town of considerable importance, and before the war,
had a population of about eight thousand. Most of the men
had entered the Confederate service, the once celebrated Black
Horse Calvary having been principally recruited in the vicin
ity. The people remaining were intensely secesh, and not at
all backwards in proclaiming their views. The town contained
a number of fine buildings, both public and private. Several
of the churches were occupied for hospital purposes. The
streets were bordered with many fine shade trees, which, at
that season of the year, gave a desirable cover from the hot
rays of the sun. Near by were the palatial residences of ex-
Congressman Gustavus W. (" Extra Billy ") Smith, then a
General in the Confederate Army, and " Squire " Scott, a
member of the Virginia Convention, and the last member to
rise in his place and oppose the ordinance of Secession. This
man had unfortunately been killed early in May, in an affray
between a body of citizens and soldiers.

Company H, Twelfth Massachusetts, Captain James L.
Bates, and Company C, of the NINTH, Captain James H.
Stevens, were detailed as Provost Guard of Warrenton, the
former acting as Provost-Marshal, with headquarters at the
Town Hall on Main Street. The men found comfortable
quarters in deserted houses. The regimental camp occupied
a very eligible location near a large spring, whose waters
gushed forth in such quantities as might have sufficed for a
whole division.

On the iith, General Henrv W. Halleck, another western

officer, was elevated to the position of General-in-Chief of the
Armies of the United States, and made his headquarters > at
the Capital.

THE NINTH NEW YORK. July-

General Pope's address to the army under his command h
such an extraordinary document that it is here given in full.
Had the campaign, which it foreshadowed, proved successful,
perhaps none but favorable notice would ever have been made
of the address, but because of the failure, General Pope was
roundly abused and ridiculed for the tone of this now-famous
document.

HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF VIRGINIA,

Washington, fitly 14, 1862.

To ike Officers and Soldiers of the Army of Virginia :

By special assignment of the President of the United States, I have assumed the
command of this army. I have spent two weeks in learning your whereabouts, your
condition, and your wants, in preparing you for active operations, and in placing you
in positions from which you can act promptly and to the purpose. These labors are
nearly completed, and I am about to join you in the field.

Let us understand each other. I have come to you from the West, where we have
always seen the backs of our enemies ; from an army whose business it has been to seek
the adversary and to beat him when he was found ; whose policy has been attack and not
defense. In but one instance has the enemy been able to place our Western armies in
defensive attitude. I presume that I have been called here to pursue the same system
and to lead you against the enemy. It is my purpose to do so, and that speedily. 1
am sure you long for an opportunity to win the distinction you are capable of achieving.
That opportunity I shall endeavor to give you. Meantime I desire you to dismiss
from your minds certain phrases, which I am sorry to find so much in vogue amongst
you. I hear constantly of " taking strong positions and holding them," of " lines of
retreat," and of " bases of supplies." Let us discard such ideas. The strongest
position a soldier should desire to occupy is one from which he can most easily advance
against the enemy. Let us study the probable lines of retreat of our opponents, and
leave our own to take care of themselves. Let us look before us, and not behind.
Success and glory are in the advance, disaster and shame lurk in the rear. Let us act
on this understanding, and it is safe to predict that your banners shall be inscribed
\viih many a glorious deed, and your names will be dear to your countrymen forever.

JOHN POPE,

Major-Genera! Commanding .

This address was the prelude to a forward movement of the
Army of Virginia, and within a few days the division, under
command of General Ricketts, moved towards the line of the
Rappahannock, and the NINTH, with a small body of cavalry,
were all that remained at Warrenton. Colonel Stiles was
appointed Post Commander, and Captain Hendrickson. Pro
vost-Marshal. The regiment was moved into town and
quartered in the deserted houses, but for sanitary reasons was

GENERAL POPE. 147

soon removed to a camp on the outskirts. The men performed
a variety of duties, such as guards and pickets, handling- quar
termaster ad commissary stores, and, with the aid of the
darkies, cleaned the streets of the town. Dress-parade and
guard-mounting usually took place upon Main Street, and, as
the band furnished excellent music, many of the white, and
nearly all the colored population were present to witness the
ceremony. It being difficult sometimes to find the able-bodied
darkies, when wanted as laborers, the occasion of dress-parade
was improved to make a raid upon them ; when a sufficient
number would be corralled in the guard house, furnished with,
a Government breakfast, and then set to work sweeping the
streets. Warrenton was never so clean as when in care of the
NINTH'S " Department of Public Works."

The following order gave great satisfaction to the soldiers
of Pope's army, who had become heartily tired of guarding the
property of avowed enemies, and for which even 'the armed
enemy showed no respect when anything was needed for their
own comfort :

HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF VIRGINIA,

Washington, July 25, 1862.
GENERAL ORDERS, }
No. 13. (

Hereafter no guards will be placed over private houses or private property of any
description whatever. Commanding officers are responsible for the conduct of the
troops under their command, and the Articles of \\'nr and Regulations of the Army
provide ample means for restraining them to the full extent required for discipline and
efficiency.

Soldiers were called into the field to do battle against the enemy, and it is not ex
pected that their force and energy shall be wasted in protecting private property of
those most hostile to the Government,

No soldier serving in this army shall hereafter be employed in such service.
By command of Major-General POPE,

GEO. D. RUGGLES,

Colonel and Chief of Staff.

Guard duty at private houses was often productive of a
good deal of amusement. One of the NINTH reports :

"* I was on guard yesterday at a very nice house ;

the inmates were suspected of giving information to the

148 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

enemy. My orders were to walk in front or sit on stoop of
the house and stop any one entering or leaving. The old lady
was very pleasant, and her four girls nearly talked me blind.
One of them played and sang the Southern National Hymn,
leaving doors and windows open so I could hear, and then
asked me how I liked it. I said, " First-rate." Then she played
all their patriotic airs. When she stopped her sister began,
and asked me what I liked. I said, "Star Spangled Banner."
She laughed and said she "used to like it, too, but since it re
fused to protect the South I have forgotten it."

On the 26th, in obedience to regimental orders, Company
L was thereafter to be known as Company K, the original
Company K having been transferred, as before stated, to
its special arm of the service, — Light Artillery.

As is usual in such cases, however, the members clung to
their original letter, and the company was known as " L" as
long as it remained in the service.

Soldiers have a great propensity for "nosing round," and
it was soon discovered that in the office of the suspended
" Warrenton Whig," there was quite a full supply of printing
materials except paper. Privates John W. Jacques of Company
D and Fred. B. Dailey of Company L, both practical
printers, saw in this an opportunity to create a diversion from
the routine of provost duty, by issuing a newspaper. Having
obtained the requisite authority, they sent to Washington for
paper and a few other necessary articles, and on Thursday, the
3 ist, the first edition of fourteen hundred copies of " THE NEW
YORK NINTH" was issued. It sold at the modest price of
three cents per copy, and such was the demand that a second
edition of five hundred copies was printed and sold. ' The
paper was a folio — four pages, 9^ by 13 — and filled with inter
esting local matter, and a well-selected miscellany. Following
is a/ac simile — reduced — of the heading, etc. :

1861 JOURNALISTIC ENTERPRISE. 149

inn minium ii.

MTIOHI AFT W

VOL I.. NO 1 WARRENTON, VA.. THURSDAY. JULY 31 .1862 PRICE 3 CENTS

When the regiment moved from Warrenton a number of
men were left behind on special duty, among them the.- Editors.
It was only a few days, however, before they were ordered to
report to the regiment, but before leaving they decided to issue
another number of the paper, which appeared on the 7th of
August. Two thousand copies were printed and sold, and that
the friends of the regiment may know something of that interest
ing publication, a few extracts from the last number are given :

VOL. i., No. II.

WARRENTON, VA., Thursday, August 7, 1862.

THE NINTH.

" The NINTH " is the exponent of the NINTH Regiment, New York State Militia.
Its object is to furnish a medium of communication between the Regiment and its
friends, and the " rest of mankind."

It will be published weekly, from the office, on Main street, two doors below the
Warrenton House, as long as the Regiment continues to be stationed in this place or
vicinity.

TERMS. — For a single copy, 3 cents. Inserting an advertisement of eight lines —
First insertion, 25 cents ; each subsequent insertion, 15 cents.
Marriage notices, deaths and obituaries inserted gratis.

All communications to be addressed to the publishers, at their office, on Main
street, near the " Warrenton Hotel." JOHN W. JACQUES, Co. D.

FRED'K. B. DAILEY, Co. L.

Warrenton, Va.

The situation of affairs about here, to use one of the phrases of the day, in relation
to the rebellion and its suppression, is of a rather uncertain character. The army has
advanced, having most of them left this place last week, and have since, as we under
stand, made another move, or moves, on the military chess-boards of Fauquier and
Loudoun, but where to, in what force, and for what purpose, is more than we know, or
if we did, would be willing to tell. We hope and believe that-it will not be to take

150 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

any back irack; that when our army strikes it will be to some purpose, that it will not
strike before it is ready, and then, so that it will not need to strike again. This, we
think, the best, most merciful way of conducting the war, which, always dreadful,
should be made short and decisive as possible — making clean work as it goes along.
We hope to hear good news before long from General Pope, and the gallant force
under him, who are following the tiag to what will, we trust, b^ victory and peace.

The situation about here, so far as the rebels in our midst is concerned, continues
much as it was last week, only, if possible, " a little more so." The masculine
" secesh " still congregate in the neighborhood of the Warrenton House, put their
heads together, whisper ominously over each day's news, look daggers at the soldiers
when they think it will be safe to do so — keep up a terrible thinking, no doubt, and
something worse, may be, but say nothing out loud. They still desire that their prop
erty should be protected by us, are very unwilling to lose their negroes, and very
desirous to have supplies and passes and favors, but they are very unwilling to take
the oath of allegiance to the Government, swear they will leave first, and are very-
patriotic in a cheap way, but it don't amount to much, one way or the other. They
are still shaky about the orders of Gen. Pope, but, as they are not yet enforced, arc-
whistling to keep up their courage, and hope yet, in the language of the immortal
Micawber, that " something will turn up " in their favor.

As to the " she-cesh," they are as rampant as ever. They still indulge in the inno
cent amusement of turning out in the street to avoid walking under the flag. Even the
unoffending blue Brigade flag comes in for its share of such small contempt ; some of
them attract crowds upon the sidewalks to hear them sing secesh songs, and talk
secesh politics, and vaunt the superior beauty, gallantry, bravery, and all that sort of
thing, of the F. F. V.'s and the Southern army. They turn up their pretty noses,
metaphorically speaking, and sometimes literally, at our men and officers ; are still
afraid to have their immaculate skirts contaminated by any chance contact with the
"greasy mudsills," and stay away from our dress-parades, but gather where they can
see them without being seen. The modest creatures that they are feel insulted if in
vited to an entertainment, but crowd the neighborhood, that they may surreptitiously
gratify their curiosity and see and hear what is going on ; and do other like becoming
and consistent (?) things.

Still the sick and dying in our hospitals remain unvisited and uncheered by a kind
word or smile from these " angels of mercy," who, forgetting the like favors their
friends have received from " Union ladies," (God bless them for being incapable of
discriminating between the uniforms 'of the sick and wounded), will not walk on the
same side of the street as these poor fellows, but, like some others we have read of in
aa old book, " pass by on the other side." And more than this, when, as was the case
in this town, they come in contact with a Union lady who is doing here for our sick
what she did for theirs in Winchester, so far from aiding in the blessed work, they do
what they can to hurt her feelings by insulting remarks about the character of our
troops. How long things will remain as they are, we cannot tell — they don't mend
much very fast, and can't be worse, and that is some comfort. At the same time we
cannot help thinking that a few lessons in good manners, modesty, meekness and
humanity, might be well bestowed upon these " pinks of propriety," who so arrogantly
plume themselves upon the superiority of Southern blood (?) and breeding over the
Northern.

" The situation," personally, may be disposed of in a few words. Our " bantling "
has received more favor than we anticipated, and we are rewarded for our toil. Our

THE SONG OF THE SPADE. 75!

edition of fourteen hundred copies was soon exhausted, and a subsequent one of five
hundred has failed to supply the demand. If \ve had some hundreds more we could
sell them, but cannot print them, as we are in need of the type and time for this num
ber. We have already orders for over a thousand copies outside of our regiment for
this number, and have no doubt that in many a household of the land, no visitor will
receive a more hearty welcome than the " New York NINTH."

Owing to the exigencies of the service this is the last number of the " New York
NINTH" that will be issued from Warrenton. During the night of the 5th orders were
received by the Colonel for the regiment to leave Warrenton at 7 the next morning.
Soon after the time mentioned, the regimental line was formed, and, keeping step to
the music of the band, the NINTH took up the line of march towards new scenes and
duties, in which may possibly be included an advance on the rebel troops that have
manifested so much reluctance to leave this section of Virginia. Should a favorable
opportunity present, the publication of the " New York NINTH "will be resumed at an
early day.

REXVARD.

Strayed or stolen, from the street in front of the Warrenton House, on Tuesday,
the 22nd inst., a large bay horse, 7 years old, with a short black mane and tail, and
small white spot on the forehead. Had a cut the size of a fifty-cent piece on the fet
lock of his left fore leg. He had on a McClellan saddle and curb bit.

$15 reward will be paid to the person returning the above property to FITZHUGH
SMITH, Commissary Serg't NINTH Reg't, N.Y. S. M., at Warrenton, Va.

BRIGADE SUTLER'S STORE

Is on the corner opposite the Provost Marshal's office, where you will see floating
the Stars and Stripes of our great National country. It is the first one that was
hoisted after our troops entered Warrenton.

The undersigned, having procured some excellent VACCINE MATTER from
New York, offers his services to gratuitously vaccinate any person in the army or
town.

CHAS. J. NORDUIST, Surgeon glh Reg't, N. Y. S. M.

THE SONG OF THE SPADE.

With joints that are stiffened and sore,

As in water and dirt they wade.
An army of half a million or more.

Have been plying the shovel and spade.

Dig, dig, dig,

In muddy and pestilent swamp,
Dig in front of the enemy's works,

And dig in front of the camp.

152 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

Dig, dig, dig,

When morn gilds the mountain crest,
And dig, dig, dig,

When the sun goes down in the west.

It's O ! a slave to be,

In the cotton fields to lurk,
With never a hope or wish to be free,

If this is a soldier's work.

Had half of the digging been done,

In tilling the fertile soil,
Crops nurtured by summer rain and sun

Had guerdon been for toil.

But the seed so patiently sown

In the trenches, muddy and deep,
A crop of scurvy and fever has grown

For the sickle of Death to reap.

Dig, dig, dig,

In the chill of the winter's snows ;
And dig, dig, dig,

When the sun like a furnace glows.

O generals, change it all,

If ye wish the land to save ;
It is not trenches alone ye dig, —

Ye are digging a nation's grave.

Give soldiers a chance to sell

Their lives in the field of the brave
'Mid the pomp of glorious war,

WThere their country's banners wave.

It's O ! for the rifle's crack,

For the flash of the glittering blade ;
But a malison on the shovel,

The " strategy," and the spade.

While the editorial corps of the NINTH were busy in their
efforts to add to the pleasures of the camp, other members
concluded to try their ability as musicians, singers, and ama
teur actors. Such of them as had "good mouths for music,"
were gotten together by Adjutant Tuthill, who, after a prelim
inary rehearsal, assigned each the part best adapted to his
peculiar talents, and having extemporized a stage and other

NINTH'S SOCIAL UNION. 153

conveniences, in an inclosure alongside the Warrenton Hotel,
gave several Musical soirees, the first of which occured on the
evening of the day upon which the first number of the paper
was issued. Programmes were printed and a general invitation
was extended the people to come and hear.

Following is the programme of the first entertainment:

NINTH REGIMENT SOCIAL UNION.
WARRENTON HOTEL, THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 3isr, 1862.

PROGRAMME.

PART FIRST.

Grand March, - Norma, - - Band.

Old Musketeer, - Graham & Co.

Ballad, Loder.

Comic Song, Barnes.

Recitation, - - Howard.

Ballad, Joyce.
Virginia Rose Bud, - - Graham & Co.

PART SECOND.

Storm Galop, Band.

Happy Dreams, Atkinson.

Recitation, " Lady of Lyons," Lieut. Hubbard.

Comic Song, - Adjutant Tuthill.

Ballad, - " Miller's Song," - Graham.

Duett, - - " Larboard Watch," - Atkinson & Graham.

Fairy Bell, chorus, - - Thompson & Co.

Recitation, - " Othello," Howard & Graley.

Limerick Races, - - Atkinson & Co.
Music by Regiment's Band, George Neyer, Leader.

N. B. — Should the weather prove unfavorable, the Concert will be postponed
until Friday next.

•" New York NINTH" print.

At each subsequent performance the place was crowded, so
popular was the entertainment. On the whole, this did much
to soften the bitter feelings that had existed in the minds of
the inhabitants upon the entrance of the troops into this pleas-

154 THE NINTH NEW YORK, August

ant Virginia town, Frequent invitations, always gladly except-
ed, were also extended the soldiers by the colored people, to
witness their marriage ceremonies. The men were hospitably
treated, and had an opportunity of witnessing not only the
ceremony, but also the genuine " Virginny Reel," and of hear
ing many of the plaintive darky songs.

But a stop to merry-making came on the 5th of August.
Before General Halleck reached Washington to assume com
mand of all the armies of the Union, General Pope was fre
quently consulted by the Administration ; he had advised that
White House Landing on the Pamunkey River be held by Mc-
Clellan, while he, Pope, should march his army on towards Rich
mond via, Culpeper and Gordonsvile. This plan, however, was
not adopted ; McClellan fell back to Harrison's Landing, and
when it was decided to move his army to Northern Virginia,
Pope was ordered to advance on Jackson's force and create a
diversion in favor of McClellan, by drawing Confederate troops
away from Richmond to meet the advance of Pope's army.
The Army of Virginia consisted of about forty thousand men,
and, had they been as homogeneous as the necessities of the
service required, better results would no doubt have followed.
General Pope was a stranger. He had remained at Washington
from the time of his arrival until the advance was ordered, and
knew very little of the personnel of his command. While get
ting ready to march on the morning of the 6th, Company L
was hurriedly sent to the camp of the First Virginia Battery,
in order to quell an incipient mutiny. Colonel Stiles had not
been relieved of the command of the Post when the regiment
was ordered to march, and Lieutenant Colonel Atterbury, be
ing absent on sick leave, the command devolved on Major
Rutherford. The column moved in the forenoon and arrived
in due course at Sulphur Springs on the Rappahannock. This
place had been a favorite resort of invalids up to the beginning
of the war, its health-giving waters drawing people from all
parts of the United States ; now it was a deserted village. Many
of its finest buildings were in ruins, and a few only of the poor
est inhabitants remained. After a short halt the march was.

1862 ARMY OF VIRGINIA ADVANCES. 155

Continued, the river crossed, and about two miles beyond, the
regiment bivouacked in a cluster of pine woods. The next
morning at seven o'clock the column moved forward. The day
proved to be a very hot one, and the men suffered much discom
fort from the heat and dust. Near nightfall a halt was ordered
within a mile of Culpeper, where the NINTH joined the bri
gade. General Banks' corps had the advance, closely followed
by McDowell's, while Sigel, who was posted at Sperryville,
held that position until the gth. Buford's cavalry led the way,
closely followed by Crawford's brigade of General Williams'
division.

About noon of the 8th, the march was resumed, the column
passing through Culpeper, and, marching about four miles
beyond, halted for the night. At one o'clock the next morn
ing, General Hartsuff sent orders to the regiments of the bri
gade to be ready to move at daylight, and at half-past five the
men were in line. After marching about three miles further
south a halt was ordered. About noon heavy artillery firing
was heard in the direction of Cedar Mountain, and soon the
entire division was marching to the sound of the guns. The
column was halted in a field within two miles of the battle
ground, and the men ordered to take off their knapsacks, which
were piled up and left in charge of the disabled. Muskets
were loaded and the NINTH prepared for action.

Jackson had been ordered by General Lee to attack Pope's
army before the Ninth corps, which the Confederate General
knew had left Fort Monroe, should reach the Army of Vir
ginia, and Stonewall was prompt to execute the welcome
•orders.

Passing the Rapidan with about twenty-five thousand men,
Jackson pressed on towards Culpeper, the Union cavalry,
under Buford and Bayard falling back slowly on their infantry
supports. Crawford's brigade, of Banks' corps, was about a
mile and a half northwest of Cedar Mountain, and north of
the turnpike which ran around its west and north base. This
was the situation early in the morning ; the firing heard was
from Crawford. About the middle of the forenoon, Pope

156 THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

ordered Banks to proceed to the front and take command of
the troops there. Arriving on the ground, he deployed all
his troops save Gordon's brigade, which was held in reserve, a
quarter of a mile north of Cedar Run, and about three quar
ters of a mile from the line of battle. Sigel, meanwhile, had
been ordered to hurry forward with the First corps. Pope
asserts that he did not authorize Banks to attack the enemy,
but merely to hold him in check until the Union Army was all
up. Banks, on the other hand, maintains that he was ordered
to attack, and attack he did, an army four times his own num
ber, and of course was beaten. The attack was made about
four o'clock in the afternoon, and with such impetuosity that
for a while the enemy were driven back, but the tide soon
turned when A. P. Hill's division flanked Crawford's position
on the right, and Ewell enveloped the left of the Union line..
As the battle progressed, wounded men and skulkers from the
front, crowded past the NINTH, each one telling his own
story — those who came first of victory, while, later on, the
reports were all of defeat.

Banks retreated in good order across Cedar Run, and soon
found himself in the midst of the troops that General Pope in
person was hurrying forward. Why it was that Ricketts'
division lay during the entire afternoon within sight of the
battle without firing a shot is a mystery.

After Banks' troops had recrossed Cedar Run, and at about
seven o'clock, a new line was formed north of that stream,
Ricketts' division taking position on the right, with Tower's
and Carroll's brigades on the front line, supported by Duryea
and Hartsuff.

Pegram's Confederate battery of four guns opened fire, but
was replied to so effectually by Thompson's Second Maryland
(known also as Pennsylvania Battery C, Howitzers) stationed
on the left of Hartsuff's brigade, that the enemy's guns were
quickly silenced. Just as the NINTH was deploying into line
in the position assigned to it, a shell exploded near the
colors, killing one man, William McNider, of Company B, and
wounding two of other companies. The regiment changed its

BATTLE OF CEDAR MOUNTAIN. 157

position two or three times during the artillery duel, and thus
the enemy failed to get the proper range, and few of their shots
took effect. About ten o'clock the NINTH moved to the sup
port of a battery where they remained for the balance of the
night. On leaving the line, General Hartsuff remarked that
he felt sure the NINTH would do its duty in case of an attack.
Owing to the position of the guns of the battery, the right and
left wings of the regiment were separated. Major Rutherford
having charge of the right, while the left was in command of
Captain Hendrickson. Save for an occasional shot on the
picket line, the night passed quietly. A bright moon enabled
the opposing forces to see each other and both were vigilant.

Thus was brought to a close the second engagement in
which the NINTH took part, and Major Rutherford displayed
such skill and judgment in handling the regiment as to make
every man feel confident that no mistakes or blunders would
occur while he was at the head.

When daylight of the loth appeared it was discovered that
the enemy had quietly slipped away. Jackson had no desire
to try conclusions with Pope's entire army, and he fell back
across the Rapidan to await the reinforcements coming from
Richmond. The NINTH rejoined the brigade and stacked
arms in a corn-field, while a detail was sent after the knap
sacks. At eleven o'clock a heavy rain-storm began, which
lasted all day. At noon Colonel Stiles rejoined the regiment,
having been relieved from duty at Warrenton.

Major Rutherford, who had charge of the detail sent to the
field to bury the dead, reported that the Confederate burial
party, when they found that their army had fallen back, left in
such a hurry that their work was but partly clone, and a num
ber of their wounded fell into our hands. Towards evening
camp was laid out and tents pitched for the night.

On the iith the command moved forward, passing over
portions of the late battle-field. Carcasses of horses lying
about, and the many newly-made graves were a sad reminder
of the bloody work. The garden near a dwelling house had

158 THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

been turned into a cemetery and was filled with graves. The
occupants of the house had courageously remained in the cel
lar during the battle, but had been terribly scared by a shell
which forced its way into their hiding-place. Fortunately
it did not explode. On the I2th the regiment moved a short
distance, camp was laid out and the usual round of guard and
picket duty resumed.

On the I4th, the divisions of Generals Jesse L. Reno and
Isaac I. Stevens, numbering about eight thousand men. of the

o o

Ninth corps, reported to General Pope. The Army of Vir
ginia now held the line of the Rapidan, from the base of the
Blue Ridge on the right to Raccoon Ford on the left.

At eight o'clock on the morning of the i5th the regiment
was again in motion, inoving towards the Rapidan. On the
road, just west of Cedar Mountain, a dozen or more dead
bodies were noticed, which had probably been carried there
for burial just after the battle. Their black and bloated
appearance was, at the time, popularly supposed to be caused
by the whiskey mixed with powder, which the Confederate
troops were credited with drinking, just before entering an
engagement. Like man)' other camp stories, this, of course,
was a pure invention, and was not believed by intelligent
soldiers. The bodies of men who met a violent death on the
battle-field, especially during hot weather, rapidly decomposed,
and the condition of those just mentioned was due to perfectly
natural causes. Towards evening the regiment went into
camp near the river, and pickets were posted along the north
ern bank.

Nothing of importance occurred on the i6th. On the i7th
the band left for home, under orders from the War Depart
ment, reducing the number to one for each brigade. Five
days' rations were issued here and, besides this load, each man
was required to carry sixty rounds of ammunition, forty in his
cartridge box, and the balance in his haversack or pocket.

When General Lee found that McClellan's army was to evac
uate Harrison's Landing, he began moving his troops towards
the Rapidan, hoping to be able to overwhelm Pope before

7862 RELIGIOUS SERVICES AT DRESS-PARADE. 159

sufficient reinforcements could reach him. As early as the
1 3th, Longstreet's corps was ordered to Gordonsville, where it
arrived a day or two afterwards, and when General Lee
appeared about the i6th, the Confederate Army numbered
nearly sixty thousand men. Pope had not more than forty
thousand. The Confederate commander proposed moving at
once upon Pope, but, owing to some delay caused by the
strategical movements of a portion of Pope's force, and which
deceived Lee, the movement was delayed until the i8th.

Active operations in the field rendered it often impossible
— or impracticable — to hold special religious services, and
this gave rise to a custom peculiar to the NINTH. At the
conclusion of dress-parade the regiment would be formed into
a hollow square, then Chaplain Phillips, advancing to the cen
ter, would read a selection from che Bible, offer a brief prayer,
closing with the Lord's Prayer, in which the regiment joined
audibly; then the band would play " Old Hundred "and the
command join in the doxology, " Praise God from whom all
blessings flow." This would be followed by the apostolic ben
ediction and the parade was dismissed.

One of the special duties of army life, and one which re
quired more courage, nerve, and skill to execute than even
the average brave soldiers possessed, was that connected with
the Secret Service. There was little glory to be derived from
the service of playing the spy, and yet it was an essential part
of military duty. To be wounded or killed, and have his
name spelled wrong in the Gazette, was not even accorded to
the majority of these men who thus, in a double sense, took
their lives in their hands and penetrated the enemies' lines, for
their mission was always a secret, even to their own comrades.
A man was called to the General's quarters, remained awhile
and departed, his comrades knew not where, and was never
seen again in their ranks. After a reasonable time he was
probably marked on his company muster-rolls as dead, or miss
ing, or, more likely, as a deserter.

There were many Nathan Hale's on both sides during the
war, and while one side employed men in that most perilous

l6o THE NINTH NEW YORK. Augu:,t

of undertakings, so not only on account of its danger, but
much more on account of the horrible fate that awaited the
discovery of a spy within the lines. Neither side was willing
to recognize the poor unfortunate as having any rights under
the code of warfare. The following account, taken from "The
Washington Artillery of New Orleans," of the fate of one such
hero, will serve to illustrate :

On the morning of August aist, as the troops were marching towards Stevensburg,
a mounted man, clad in gray uniform, rode up to General D. R. Jones, commanding
division, and told him that General Jackson had sent him to say that he was to halt
his column where it then was. As Jones was under orders of General Longstreet, he
couldn't understand why Jackson should send him orders of any kind, especially as it
was known that Jackson was a long distance in advance. Suspicion being aroused.
the man was ordered to dismount, his person examined, and a memorandum book
found containing an account of all our movements since we had advanced beyond
Gordonsville. A cipher alphabet was also found. * * * Further examination of the
man's clothing showed the uniform not to be of the Confederate regulation, the cuffs
and collar of his jacket were black instead of yellow. His underclothing, boots and
spurs were unmistakably those furnished the enlisted men of the United States Army.
A drum-head court-martial was convened, circumstantial evidence was against him.
and he was condemned to be hung as a spy. He took his sentence quite coolly.
* * * He was marched into the woods, placed on a mule, a rope looped around his
neck, and its end thrown over a limb of a tree, when a stalwart courier, with a heavy
stick, by striking the mule upon the rump, caused him to surge ahead, and the spy
was left swinging. When dead, a grave by the roadside was dug and he disappeared
from the face of the earth.

Another instance will show the successful performance of
such hazardous work. There lies before the Editor a pam
phlet containing properly attested copies of letters, now on file
in the War Department, written by Generals Pope, McDowell,
and Sigel, setting forth the valuable service rendered by a pri
vate in an Indiana Cavalry regiment during this campaign.
While encamped at Sperryville, on the 2ist of July, this man
was sent for by General Sigel and directed to make his way
within the enemy's lines, obtain all the information possible
respecting the number and position of troops, and report back
in three weeks. He was furnished with a citizen's outfit, an
unbranded horse and a little money. He had hardly entered
the enemy's territory before he was arrested on suspicion of
being a spy. After various experiences he was sent to Rich-

i862 WITHIN THE ENEMY'S LINES. l6l

mond and while not confined in prison there, was placed un
der surveillance and ordered to report each clay to a Provost
Marshal. At this time McClellan's army had been driven
from before Richmond, and the Union soldier was a witness to
the rejoicings of the people and of the Confederate Army over
the event. The three weeks within which Sigel was to hear
from him had more than passed, and knowing that Pope would
be in great danger from the united Confederate Army, the spy
was doubly anxious to reach the Union lines. When Long-
street's troops left Richmond to join Jackson, he managed
obtain permission to accompany them :

We were nearing the Rapidan and as night came on a great body of soldiers
moved secretly up the river. * * * When morning dawned the vast army was en
camped under Clark's Hill. It was a capital position, as the ridge, extending along
the right hank of the river, protected us from view of the Union outposts. It was Sun
day. I had not yet learned to an absolute certainty the plan of further operations. I
lingered about General Hill's headquarters, speculating as to what the morrow would
bring forth, and fearing much. I was lying on the ground with my eyes half shut,
when I became suddenly conscious that a considerable number of generals had con
gregated at General Hill's tent. I was close enough to catch the conversation that
passed among them. Pope was to be surprised. The detachment that had proceeded
up the river the night before, was to cross over early in the morning, and, regardless
of consequences, attack the Union Army ; while thus engaged, Lee was to cross at
Raccoon Ford, and, getting in Pope's rear, surprise him. My cup was full, yet I dozed
on. I saw no chance of getting away. The day wore away, and the next morning,
the 1 8th, dawned. While at breakfast with a number of officers, at a house near
General Hill's headquarters, a Rebel cavalryman, without hat or coat, rushed in and
reported that a squad of Yankee cavalry had crossed the river and attacked the signal
station nearest us, very nearly capturing the officers.

Two regiments were at once sent out, and, as I had been detailed with the hospital
squad, I joyfully followed, for now was my opportunity ! I lagged behind the column
until it was out of sight, and then broke for the river. The sun was high and the day
fast advancing; perhaps I would be too late! No shrubbery, no undergrowth, could
stay my flight. My skin was scratched and the blood came, but I heeded it not. I
threw away my coat and vest as I went. It was now or never ! Already Lee's hosts
might be crossing Raccoon Ford to make the fatal attack ! Even now they might be
attacking Sigel up the river. Before I could reach Pope's tent it might be too late,
yet hope was alive in my bosom and I sped on !

I reached the river at a point where the banks were high and steep on both sides,
and the stream narrow. I fastened my boots about my neck, and putting my papers
under my hat, grasped an overhanging bush and lowered myself without a splash into
the water. Noiselessly as a shadow I swam across. My heart beat with joy as I
came to the Union outpost, and caught sight of a gallant boy in blue. I told what I
had to say quickly, and, on being furnished with a horse and guard, went with all pos-

1 62 THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

siblr speed to General Buford's headquarters, about two miles distant, then with a new
horse went gal-loping on to General Reno's headquarters, where I also found Generals
Pope and McDowell ; on showing my credentials and telling my story not a moment
was lost by General Pope in ordering a rapid retreat behind the Rappahannock.

Important dispatches from General Lee were also found
upon a captured Confederate officer, which fully corroborated
the reports of spies and scouts, and thus General Pope was
warned in time of the enemy's plans.

1 862 RETREAT TO THE RAITAHANNOCK. ID-

CHAPTER IX.

POPE'S CAMPAIGN (concluded}.
BATTLE OF SECOND BULL RUN.

Retreat to the Line of the Rappahannock. — General Muster. — A Weary March. —
Major Rutherford's Picket. — Rappahannock Station. — Stuart's Raid, and Capture
of One of the NINTH. — Colonel Stiles in Command of the Brigade. — The Situation
on the Evening of the 26th. — Jackson's Flank Movement. — Ricketts' Division at
Thoroughfare Gap. — Back to Gainesville. — Bristoe Station. — Headed for Grove-
ton.— The Sound of the Battle. — Morning of the 3oth. — The Enemy's Line.^
Pope Orders a " Pursuit " of the Enemy. — Position of Union Troops. — Opening of
the Battle.— The NINTH Sent to the Left.—" Pursuit " Changed to Defence.—
Longstreet's Flank Attack. — The Defence of Bald Hill. — The Union Left
Turned. — The Henry Hill. — The NINTH Under Fire.— Driven Back. — After
Dark.— Extracts from Reports.— Battle of Chantilly. — Death of Generals Kearny
and Stevens. — Letters.

^HE NINTH began the march about noon of the iSth, halt
ing at Mitchell's Station, when a general muster took
place. Late in the afternoon the troops were formed in line of
battle ; the cavalry pickets left at the Rapidan had reported the
enemy in force on the opposite side, and it was feared they
would attempt a crossing, but the Confederates merely estab
lished a line of pickets on their side. About midnight the
column moved. Ni^ht marches are a soldier's bugbear,

o o

whether towards or from the enemy, and when the poor unfor
tunates are in the rear of the column, and the road ahead
blocked with artillery and baggage wagons, the annoyance is
increased. Hartsuff's brigade found itself in this condition.
Culpeper and Brandy Station were passed during the night, a
bright moon serving to mitigate, somewhat, the dreariness of the
slow and tedious march. Shortly after daylight the command
halted. At ten o'clock the march was resumed, and by "fits
and starts" the column reached the Rappahannock, at the
railroad crossing, late at night. The trains crossed at the ford

164 THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

below, while the infantry went over the bridge, the crossing
being effected early on the morning of the 2Oth. The march
had been a severe one, not so much on account of the distance
travelled, as of the constant worry and fatigue caused by the
frequent halts, in line, on the road. After standing a few
moments the men would drop clown by the roadside, and about
the time they had got comfortably seated, the column would
move on again, perhaps for half a mile, and then halt for
another five or ten minutes. It was plain, too, that the march
was in retreat, but the men knew nothing of the immediate
cause, and in the face of Pope's recent address, the move
ment was strange and inexplicable. Pope was Jreely criti
cised and many of the men felt disappointed and disheart
ened at the turn affairs appeared to be taking.

When the column left Mitchell's Station, Major Ruther
ford was at the Rapidan in command of the picket line, con
sisting of about four hundred cavalry and infantry ; he was
not notified of the rearward movement, and when, at daylight,
he repaired to the late brigade headquarters for instructions,
he found that he was left alone, and in a somewhat precarious
position. Hurrying back to his command he succeeded in
calling in the men, and, with a strong line of skirmishers for a
rear guard, and flankers to guard against an ambuscade, he
slowly made his way after the army. The enemy crossed the
river and followed closely behind the Major's command, and
considerable firing took place between them before Brandy
Station was reached. Except two regiments of the brigade
which had been sent with Matthew's battery to Kelly's Ford,
to watch «the crossing there, the whole of the division after

crossing at Rappahannock Station, moved to the high ground
back from the river, in support of the batteries which were
planted to command the southern bank, and the NINTH, with
a few slight changes of position, remained there all clay and
night of the 2Oth. About noon of the 2ist, Matthew's battery,
which had returned from Kelly's Ford, and the Eleventh Penn
sylvania were sent over to the south side, the better to protect

1862 AT THE RAPPAHANNOCK. 165

the bridge ; later in the day the NINTH also went over. At
Kelly's Ford, General Stevens, with a portion of his division
of t|ie Ninth corps, crossed the river on a reconnoissance, and
drove the enemy's advance troops back some distance. At
Waterloo bridge, a few miles up the river from Rappahannock
Station, the Confederate General Early crossed to the north
side with his brigade, in an attempt to turn the right flank of
Pope's army.

On the 22nd, the balance of Hartsuffs brigade crossed over
to the south side of the river, upon a temporary bridge built
during the night, and were drawn up in support of Thomp
son's battery, which was posted behind some hastily-con
structed earthworks at the head of the railroad bridge, the
enemy meanwhile opening fire from some of their rifled guns;
several of their shells burst uncomfortably near but did no
damage. During the day quite a little diversion was created
by the stampede of a drove of cattle belonging to the enemy,
and which approached the Union lines; the enemy endeav
ored to head them off, but the Union skirmishers opened fire
and drove their men back; the herd of cattle were captured,
and shortly afterwards served to regale the 'hungry stomachs
of the Union soldiers.

In the morning General J. E. B. Stuart, the Confederate
Cavalry leader, had crossed at Waterloo, and, making a detour
around the right flank of the Union army, struck Catlett's
Station in the evening, capturing a few prisoners, General
Pope's headquarters baggage, the dispatch book, and many val
uable papers, and effected his retreat without serious loss.
Three members of the NINTH, Privates Smith Ferguson and
S. C. Roof of Company A, and John J. Coffey of Company H,
who were on detaclied service as clerks at army headquarters,
had been sent with the trains to Catlett's Station, and arrived
there just a few minutes before Stuart. Ferguson started off
for water to make coffee, while the other two proceeded to
pitch the tent and make a fire. After completing their labors
they waited a while for Ferguson, wondering what kept him
so long, when, suddenly, the well known "rebel yell," accom-

1 66 THE NINTH NEW YORK, August

panied by a discharge of small-arms, was heard, and at once
the camp was in an uproar. Stuart's force amounted to about
twelve hundred, and the small train-guard stood not upon jhe
order of their going but " got " as rapidly as possible, the dark
ness favoring the escape of nearly all. It seems that Ferguson,
on reaching the spring, stumbled upon the enemy, some of
whom were concealed there ; he was quietly captured and sent
to Richmond.

During the evening General Pope telegraphed General
Halleck that one of two things must be done by daylight the
next morn in 2; — either to fall back and meet the reinforcements

coming from the Army of the Potomac, or cross the river with
his whole force and attack the enemy's right flank and rear.
It had been noticed that large bodies of their troops had been
moving up the river, and Pope thought that a serious blow
might be delivered. At eleven o'clock Halleck replied, advis
ing Pope to cross and give the enemy battle.

During the night a heavy rain-storm began, and when day
light of the 23rd appeared, the river was so high that the fords
were rendered impassable, and the bridges in danger of being
carried away. The trestle bridge erected above the railroad
bridge gave way, and the floating timbers threatened to carry
away the piers of the other. Pope was compelled to abandon
his plan of crossing to attack the enemy, but expected to cap
ture Early, who had been on the north side since the 2ist. As
soon as Pope heard of Early's movement he determined to bag
the bold Confederate, but thinking Early's force much larger
than the reality, deemed it prudent to order up nearly the
whole army. This took time, and it was not until the 23d that
the advance of the Union troops approached the supposed
position of Early, only to find that he had made his escape to
the other side, over a temporary bridge erected by the inde
fatigable Jackson during the stormy night.

Hartsuff's brigade had, up to the morning of 23d, held
their position on the south bank ; it was now recalled, and at a
later date highly complimented by Ricketts, in general orders,
for their untiring exertions during those two days. No

1862 ONCE MORE TO THE REAR. 167

sooner had the brigade evacuated their position than it was
occupied by General N. G. Evans' brigade of General D. R.
Jones' division of Longstreet's corps, and eleven pieces of
artillery, among which were seven guns of the Washington
Artillery of New Orleans. Their guns opened fire at once,
and were replied to by the Union batteries, the latter, also,
pounded away at the bridge, which had been fired when the
troops crossed, and it was destroyed. A few casualties oc-
cured in the brigade. Captain Stevens was the only one in
jured in the regiment, and he, by concussion, as he stood too
near one of the guns. At nine o'clock the troops began the
inarch towards Warrenton. The firing heard further up the
river was occasioned by Sigel's troops who had gone in search
of Early, but, as has been stated, they found he had made his
escape. After marching about eight miles the NINTH biv
ouacked in a thicket of pines, a heavy shower meanwhile giving
all a good drenching.

Daybreak of the 24th the men were on the march again,
about the same distance being covered as on the previous day,
and when the regiment halted they found a pleasant camp site
in an orchard belonging to a Confederate colonel.

Owing to the sickness of General Hartsuff Colonel Stiles
assumed command of the brigade the next day — the 25th.
Warrenton was passed on the right, and after a twelve-mile
march the command halted near the Waterloo road, pitching
their shelter tents on a hillside. The waoon train had not

followed the column, but had taken the line of the railroad to
wards Warrenton Junction and Catlett's Station, and the men,
having exhausted their supply of rations, were obliged to scour
the country in search of food, but the supply was unequal to
the demand. During the forenoon of the 26th cannonading
was heard in the direction of Sulphur Springs, and the column
marched about two miles back towards that point, and then re
turned to the former bivouac, where the night was spent.

It may be well to state the position on the evening of the
26th, of the various commands composing Pope's army :
Buford's cavalry was on the extreme right at Waterloo, while

1 68 THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

Ricketts' division, as indicated by the movement of the NINTH,
was between that point and Warrenton. King's division of
McDowell's corps was on the road between Warrenton and
Sulphur Springs. General Reynold's division of Pennsylvania
Reserves was at Warrenton, and Sigel with his First corps was
near there, while Banks was in the vicinity of Fayetteville.
Heintzelman's corps, Army of the Potomac, was near Warren
ton Junction. Stevens' division of the Ninth corps bivouacked
near the railroad, about midway between Warrenton and the
Junction, while Reno's division was near the Junction. Part
of General Fitz-John Porter's corps — Army of the Potomac-
was at Kelly's Ford, and Sykes' division about five miles
northeast of that point. Pope's headquarters were at War
renton Junction.

And what of the enemy ? During the night of the 24th,
Jackson began one of his remarkable movements. Stevens'
division of the Ninth corps had 'been watching him from the
north bank of the Rappahannock in the evening, but when
daylight of the 25th opened he was gone. The Union signal
officers soon reported him moving up along the west side of
the Bull Run Mountains, evidently with the intention of pass
ing through one of the gaps and striking at the rear of the
Union Army. Either Pope did not credit this report, or, if
he did, supposed that the troops coming from the Army of the
Potomac would be sent by Halleck to guard the gaps, and
protect his rear ; but Jackson passed through Thoroughfare
Gap on the morning of the 26th, and in the evening was at
Bristoe Station with his whole corps. He began at once the
destruction of such stores as he found there, meanwhile dis
patching a force to Manassas Junction, where an immense
quantity of quartermaster and commissary stores were soon
after destroyed. Cars were burned, track torn up, and the
telegraph line destroyed. Longstreet's corps, with General
Lee accompanying it, was still demonstrating on the south
bank of the Rappahannock, but ready to follow on Jackson's
track as soon as Pope should begin to fall back fmm the river
to meet the fire in his rear.

1862 ATTEMPT TO BAG JACKSON. 169

From the morning of the 2 7th until the evening of the

<~j i O

29th, Popes energies were bent towards the capture of Jack
son's command. According to the rules laid down in the
books, Jackson had made a movement which placed him in the
greatest jeopardy, but "Stonewall" was a rule unto himself,
and before Pope could capture, he must first catch him. Pope
certainly expected that, after destroying the stores at Man-
assas Junction, Jackson would beat a hasty retreat towards
Thoroughfare Gap, to form a junction with Longstreet, and
he issued his orders accordingly. McDowell was entrusted
with the task of occupying the road between Gainesville and
the Gap and heading Jackson off, and also with occupying the
Gap to prevent Longstreet from coming through, while Pope,
with the balance of his army, should pursue and overtake
Jackson.

On the morning of the 2/th, the NINTH again made a hur
ried march towards Sulphur Springs, only to march back again,
and in the afternoon proceeded in a northeasterly direction,
halting for the night at New Baltimore. The roads were in a
horrible condition, owing to the late rains, and when the
bivouac was reached the men threw themselves down on the
damp ground, thoroughly tired out. Shortly after daybreak,
on the 28th, the march was continued, and on reaching Gaines
ville the column, consisting of the whole division, struck across
the fields in a northwesterly direction, to the village of
Haymarket, on the direct road. to Thoroughfare Gap. Mean
while Jackson's movements had deceived Pope, for, instead of
doing as the Union General had expected, and as he should
have done according to the " strategy " of warfare, the Confed
erate Commander led Pope away off towards Centreville, and
McDowell was hurriedly recalled to Manassas Junction.
Ricketts' division alone was left to occupy the Gap and oppose
the advance of forty thousand men under Longstreet.

Leaving their knapsacks at Haymarket, a rapid march was
made by the division towards the Gap, upon nearing which, at
about three o'clock in the afternoon, the troops were disposed
in order of battle : Hartsuff's brigade in- column of regiments,

I 70 THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

the Eleventh Pennsylvania on the first line, the NINTH, second,
Tower's and Duryea's brigades followed, with the artillery in
the intervals between the brigades. After proceeding a short
distance in this way, General D. R. Jones' division of the
enemy, who already occupied the Gap, opened an artillery fire
upon fhe division, compelling the cavalry, under Colonel Percy
Wyndham, who led the advance, to fall back. The bold front
presented by Ricketts' division caused Longstreet's advance to
halt, and a portion of his command were sent up to Hopewell
Gap durihof the ni^ht, in order to turn Ricketts' ricrht. flank.

loo o

During the artillery fire, which lasted until after dark, the
Eleventh Pennsylvania suffered severely. The position of the
NINTH favored them greatly, nearly all the shots passing over
the heads of the men, and only two were wounded. General
Ricketts, finding that he would be unable, with his small force,
to protect himself from the flank attack and the enemy in his
front at the same time, wisely determined to withdraw, and,
soon after dark, the division be^an to fall back ; the NINTH

«^

losing five of its members as prisoners. The knapsacks were
recovered at Haymarket, and the march continued until eleven
o'clock, when Gainesville was reached and the tired men lay
down to rest. Thompson's battery was posted on rising
ground, and the guns pointed in the direction from which
Longstreet was expected to appear.

The evening of the 28th, about six o'clock, King's division
was marching alono- the Warrenton Pike towards Centreville,

o o

ignorant of the fact that Jackson's corps was posted on his
left flank, and behind the old railroad grade, when, about mid
way between Gainesville and Groveton, King was attacked by
Jackson, and a sharp engagement followed ; King's troops,
crossing to the north side of the Pike, drove the enemy for a
short distance, and occupied that ground until one o'clock on
the morning of 29th, when they fell back towards Manassas
Junction. Pope thought Jackson was retreating, and that
King's battle was an attempt to bar his retreat.

The morning of the 2gth was clear. Ricketts' division
marched at daylight.' Later in the day it became quite sultry;

1862 THE THUNDER OF BATTLE HEARD. 171

but with little rest the column pressed on until Bristoe Station
was reached, where the wagon train was found and a couple of
hours' rest was enjoyed ; after which the troops moved in the
direction of Manassas Junction. Late in the afternoon the
column halted. Heavy firing had been heard since noon, in
the direction of Groveton, and it still continued. At dark the
column headed in the direction of Groveton, near which, on
the Sudley Springs road north of Warrenton Pike, the troops
halted at about ten o'clock. Ricketts' division was posted in
the rear of King's* (now commanded by Hatch), who had
fought the enemy and driven them slightly back. No fires
were allowed, the men going into bivouac behind their stack of
arms.

During the day a severe battle had been fought by a por
tion of Pope's army with Jackson's command and part of
Loncrstreet's, the advance of whose column reached Groveton

about noon, and formed on the right of Jackson. The whole
day Pope labored under the impression that the Confederates
were retreating, and that Jackson was merely holding the
Union army in check until he could successfully form a junc
tion with Longstreet. At the close of the engagement the
advantage seemed to rest with the Union forces, and Pope,
during the night, prepared his army for the pursuit on the fol
lowing morning.

Longstreet's march to reach Jackson had been a severe
one, and the experience of the Confederates was similar to that
of the Union army. "The march from the Gap was inde
scribably severe, the weather being exceedingly warm, and
Avater not obtainable except in ditches or stagnant pools on the
side of the road ; these were eagerly drained by the half-
famished men. with their heat and green, slimy skim, regardless
of the animated nature which at other times would have been
so revolting to them. * ' 'T Corn-fields and gardens in the
vicinity of Groveton suffered terribly, no rations having been
issued to us for several days previous ; these were our only
resources against the ravages of hunger, and the fields around
were dotted with half-starved Confederates, who were plucking

172 THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

the daily rations of corn to be distributed, three ears to the
man." (^History of Seventeenth Virginia, C. S. A.~)

On the morning of the 3Oth, Pope telegraphed Halleck
that the battle of Groveton. as he called the en^aijement of

o o

the previous clay, was a complete success ; the enemy had been
on the defensive throughout and had given ground. The
enemy apparently were moving towards the mountains, and as
soon as the corps of General Porter should arrive from
Manassas, an immediate forward movement would be made.

The enemy's line extended about north and south from
Sudley Springs on the left, to a point a mile south of the War-
renton Pike on their right. Longstreet's whole force was in
position, and the Confederates were preparing to fight the de
cisive battle of the campaign. General Po^e, still possessed
with the idea that the enemy were meditating a retreat, which
was partly confirmed early in the morning by the withdrawal
for a short distance of a portion of their line, issued his orders
for the pursuit of the enemy; intrusting to General McDowell
the conduct of the advance. At a conference of general offi
cers about eight o'clock, however, General Stevens of t he-
Ninth corps, whose command had been engaged with the
enemy the day before, and whose pickets reported the enemy
still in force in their front, insisted that the enemy had not
retreated; whereupon he was ordered to make a reconnoissance
in his front, then abour a mile north of Warrenton Pike-, and
opposite the center of Jackson's line. A skirmish line from
the Seventy-ninth Highlanders, of his division, soon developed
the enemy's position behind the railroad embankment. Never
theless, at noon, General Pope issued the following order:

SPECIAL ORDER )
No. — (

HEADQUARTERS, NEAR GROVETON,

August 30, 1862, 12 M.

The following forces will be immediately thrown forward in pursuit of the enemy
and press him vigorously during the whole day. Major-General McDowell is assigned
to the command of the pursuit.

Major-General Porter's corps, will push forward on the Warrenton turnpike, fol
lowed by the divisions of Brigadier-Generals King and Reynolds.

FIELD of SECOND

BULL RUN

AUG. 29-30-1832
POSITION ON 30TH.

, ::t?

i K

i862 SECOND BATTLE OF BULL RUN. 173

The division of Brigadier-General Ricketts will pursue the Haymarket road, fol
lowed by the corps of Major-General Heintzelman ; the necessary cavalry will he
assigned to these columns by Major-General McDowell, to whom regular and frequent
reports will be made.

The General's Headquarters will be somewhere on the Warrenton turnpike.

By command of Major-General POPE.

GEO. D. RUGGLES,

Colonel and Chief of Staff.

At "this time Heintzelman's two divisions, under Hooker
and Kearny, were on the right, supported by Ricketts' divi
sion ; two divisions of Porter's corps occupied the center, sup
ported by King's division, under General Hatch ; while Rey
nolds, with the Pennsylvania Reserves, temporarily attached to
the Third corps, occupied the left, south of the Warrenton
Pike, his left resting near the Henry house. Sigel's corps,
and the divisions of Reno and Stevens of the Ninth corps,
were held in reserve.

About four o'clock in the afternoon the action began by
the advance of Porter's corps, which struck against the left
center of Jackson's line. Hatch's division followed, but both
commands were repulsed after a portion had crossed the rail
road embankment, and engaged in an almost hand-to-hand en
counter with Jackson's veterans. As the Union troops swept
up towards the railroad embankment, they were met by a
withering fire of musketry, and were also assailed by volleys
of stones thrown by those of the enemy whose ammunition
was exhausted. On the extreme right Hooker's and Kear-
ny's divisions, supported by Ricketts', succeeded in partially
turning the left flank of the enemy, but they were finally re
pulsed. It was about noon when Hartsuff's brigade under
Stiles, moved to the right, and, although not actively engaged,
performed all the duties required of it. Its time for action
came later in the day.

While these movements were going on north of the Pike,
Reynolds had been called on to furnish reinforcements to that
part of the Union line, and his flank was greatly weakened in
consequence. Longstreet now advanced his troops for the
purpose of turning Pope's left flank. At the moment when

174 THE NINTH NEW YORK. • August

Jackson's line had been pierced, that officer sent to General
Lee for help ; Longstreet was ordered to furnish it, but just
then he had established a position from which his guns could
enfilade the left of the Union line, and, instead of sending the
men asked for, he opened such a fire upon the unprotected
flank of Pope's line that it prevented any further advance
against Jackson.

McDowell now realized that, instead of leading an advance
against a retreating enemy, he must reverse the order of the
day, and act purely on the defensive, for Longstreet's move
ments indicated that he meant to obtain possession of the
Warrenton Pike, and thus completely double up the left, and
cut off the Union line of retreat by way of the Stone Bridge.
Troops were now hurried from the right, among them Hart-
suff's and Tower's brigades, accompanied by Hall's and Lep-
pien's Maine batteries and a brigade of Reno's division, and
sent south of the Pike ; a portion of Sigel's troops, too, were '
hurried to the threatened point. All interest was no\v cen
tered on the left of the line, and for an hour or more com
parative quiet reigned on the right.

While Longstreet's movements had been somewhat masked
by the woods through which he passed, Reynolds had detected
it, but had not force enough to oppose the advance ; his re
port of the situation, however, soon brought the troops men
tioned, and others, to that portion of the field. Reynolds'
Third brigade had not yet left its position to march to the
north of the turnpike, where it had been ordered, when, about
five o'clock, Longstreet made a spirited advance with Hood's
division, supported by the balance of his corps. Longstreet,
in his report, says : " The attacking columns moved steadily
forward, driving the enemy from his different positions as rap
idly as he took them. My batteries were thrown forward from
point to point following the movements of the general line."

The Union troops, in order to stem the tide of Long-
street's movement, had occupied Bald Hill Ridge, and the
Henry Hill in its rear. There were scattered detachments of
troops between and about chose two points, but no continuous

1862 DEFENSE OF BALD HILL. I 75

line. Tower's command, his own and the brigade of Hart-
suff, and Schenck's division of Sigel's corps, with other troops
were sent to Bald Hill, and here occurred some of the most
obstinate fighting of the day. The Union troops were forced
back, however, the last position maintained on the field being
the Henry Hill, and which was successfully defended until
long after darkness had given the rest of the army time to fall
back across Bull Run.

We now turn to the fortunes of the NINTH during the day :
The regiment left its bivouac shortly afternoon, and as t lie re
serve troops were being constantly moved from one part of the
field to another, the position was frequently changed. During
the attack by Porter's and Hatch's troops, large numbers of
wounded men and many stragglers passed to the rear. The
wounded, generally, were cheerful under their afflictions, and
constantly urged those troops passing to the front to '' pitch
in and give 'em hell." Rarely was a word spoken by any of
them that would tend to discourage the supports.

About three o'clock in the afternoon the regiment moved
into a piece of woods to the rear of the right flank of the army,
where the men were ordered to leave their knapsacks — and that
was the last the owners' ever saw of them. Muskets were then
loaded and the men expected to enter the " smoke of battle "
at that point, but instead a hurried march was made down the
Suclley Road, across the Warrenton Pike, to a position in rear
of Bald Hill. Upon halting, the men began to look round for
wood and water ; they had had nothing to eat since morning,
except a dry cracker or two, and they wanted some coffee.
Before fires could be kindled, however, the command " fall in"
was given, and the column hurridly marched to the edge of
the woods upon Bald Hill. \\hen line of battle was formed
the NINTH was on the left of the brigade, and at this time the
extreme left of the line of battle. The men stood within the
woods, three or four yards from the cleared field, for some ten
or fifteen minutes, before anything appeared in their front ;
then a line of men was seen advancing, but whether friends or
foes could not be determined. The flag they carried was not

176 THE NINTH NEW YORK. August

recognized. Soon, however, the line was near enough to dis
tinguish the gray uniforms and slouched hats of the enemy.
They were permitted to approach within fifty yards before the
order to fire was given, and then such a well-directed volley
was poured into their ranks that the line halted. Several
more deliberate volleys were fired, the enemy returning the fire
with spirit, but not attempting to advance further.

It was soon discovered that other bodies of troops were
working round to the left and rear of the brigade, while shot
and shell were being poured into the woods from batteries in
front, and in order to prevent being turned on the left by the
greatly superior numbers of the enemy at that point, orders
were given to fall back. The movement was quietly and suc
cessfully executed. When the Sudley Road was reached the
Twelfth and Fourteenth regulars were found, drawn up in line,
and the NINTH, with the rest of the brigade, again faced to the
front, and from behind a fence poured several volleys into the
ranks of the advancing enemy, who replied with vigor, but did
not attempt to charge. But Longstreet's right was gradually
enveloping the left of the Union line, and soon both musketry
and artillery fire enfiladed this position and necessitated
another movement to the rear. A position on the Henry Hill
was maintained until after dark, repeated assaults on that
point being repulsed by our brave troops. At nine o'clock the
force holding the hill began an orderly retreat, crossing
Young's Branch and marching, by way of the Stone Bridge, to
wards Ccntreville, at which place the NINTH arrived about
midnight. After roll-call the men dropped down behind their
stacks of muskets, too much exhausted to think of either food
or drink.

During the excitement of the battle the men thought little

o *>

of the terrible losses sustained by the brigade. In the thick
of the fight General Tower was severely wounded and obliged
to leave the field ; Colonel Webster, of the Twelfth Massachu
setts, had been mortally wounded. Major Rutherford and
Lieutenant Isaac C. Huntington, of the NINTH, were both
wounded. The regiment lost in killed twelve, twenty-one

MCDOWELLS REPORT. 177

wounded and forty-three prisoners. The killed were : Com
pany A, Alfred Jones, Alexander Mercer, Joseph R. Mitchell,
Elias A. Stone and Edward Wheelock ; Company D, William
F. Butler and Robert D. Garrison ; Company E, August O.
Beauche ; Company F, Joseph H. Blakeney ; Company G,
Thomas Kiley and Edward A. Le Barnes ; Company I, Robert
L. Riker. The brigade lost six hundred and fifty-seven, of
whom two hundred and sixty-five were prisoners.

In the defense of Bald Hill, too, Colonel Koltes, command
ing a brigade of Schenck's division of Sigel's corps, was killed,
while General Schenck was severely wounded. A Texas bri
gade of Longstreet's command is reported to have lost nine
hundred and fifty-eight in killed, wounded and missing in the
assault.

General McDowell, in his report, says: The attack on the Bald Hill Ridge line
had been loo severe for the troops to hold it long under the hot fire the enemy main
tained upon it. To fight and retreat, and retreat and fight, is a severe test of soldier
ship, and it is an abuse of words to say the men were either demoralized or dis
organized, as has been said. It was a defeat but not a rout ; though we lost the posi
tion, it had been held long enough to aid in protecting the retreat of our men on the
right, who, as they came in, either. formed behind, or in rear of the line on the north of
the Warrenton turnpike. The loss reHects no discredit on those who were engaged
there, they only yielded to the overwhelming force of the whole right wing of the
enemy's army,

In another report, he further says: The campaign had been short and severe.
Seldom had an army been asked to undergo more than the men performed. With
scarcely a half day's intermission the corps (3d) was either making forced marches, many
times through the night, without food, or were engaged in battle. We had to sepa
rate from our supplies, and generals as well as privates had no food, or only such as
could be picked up in the orchards or corn fields along the road. In all this the
patience and endurance and general good conduct of the men were admirable.

The Confederates looked upon Pope's " Address " to his
army in the same spirit as did many of the Union Soldiers.
Colonel Owen, in "The Washington Artillery of New Orleans,"
says of the battle : " Pope has found 'lines of retreat' and
has not seen the ' backs ' of Lee, Longstreet, ' Stonewall ' Jack
son and their men."

Rain began to fall during the night, and when Sunday
morning dawned the outlook was dreary enough. But although
defeated— in this, the first great battle in which the NINTH

I /8 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

had been actively engaged — the men were by no means dis
pirited, but were ready to meet the enemy and give a good
account of themselves. The division marched about two miles
towards Fairfax Court House, where rations were issued, and
where the NINTH remained till the following day. Early
Monday morning, September ist, Stonewall Jackson's com
mand, preceded by Stuart's cavalry, having crossed Bull Run
at Sudley Springs, on Sunday, were marching on the Little
River turnpike by way of Chantilly, in an endeavor to strike
the Union army in flank as it moved towards Washington,
whither it had been ordered by General Halleck. Stuart's
advance reached a point within shelling distance of the Warren-
ton Pike, and for a short time caused some confusion amontr the

• <^>

wagon trains, but he was finally driven back. Meanwhile
Stevens' division, and one brigade of Reno's, of the Ninth
corps, had been sent to intercept Jackson's infantry, and at
about five o'clock, struck his skirmish line just as it had passed
the hamlet of Chantilly. Owing to the sickness of Reno,
General Stevens took command on the field, and, realizing the
importance of checking Jackson and thus preventing his cut
ting into the retreating lines of the Union Army, formed his
command of less than three thousand men, for an assault ;
then he sent back to the Pike — some two miles distant — for
help.

Without waiting for reinforcements, however, Stevens

ordered his division to move forward, and when within three
hundred yards of the enemy's line of battle, he gave the com
mand to charge ; such was its force and directness that Jack
son's entire corps was compelled to halt and act on the defen
sive. The enemy was checked, two or three brigades driven

back in confusion, but the gallant Stevens, while cheering on

his men, and holding aloft the flag of the Seventy-ninth New
York (Highlanders) — six of whose color-bearers had already
been shot down — was instantly killed.

General Kearny, with Birney's brigade of his division, now
appeared on the field, and assumed command, but the enemy
made no further attempt to advance. Birney's brigade was

I862 BATTLE OF CIIANTILLV. 179

thrown in on the left of the line, and opened so well-directed
a fire on the enemy in their front that they retired. While
riling in advance of the line, and just as darkness was gather
ing over the woods and rendering objects indistinct, Kearny
r >de into the enemy's lines and was shot. His body was
returned the next day under a flag of truce. The body of
General Stevens had been carried off the field and tenderly
cared for by the Seventy-ninth, whose Colonel he had been the
year before.

Longstreet's troops reached the field just as Jackson's men
had been driven back. A severe thunder-storm, accompanied
by a heavy rain, had burst upon the vicinity just as the action
began, and, darkness closing rapidly, the Confederate army
halted for the night, believing that a large part of Pope's
army was in its front. During the night most of the Union
troops were withdrawn from the field : their mission had been
accomplished, but Major-Generals Kearny and Stevens, than
whom no better or braver soldiers ever drew sword, were
added to the list of general officers who had been killed while
leading their troops into action.

The NINTH — with the brigade — had followed in support
of Kearny's troops, and was drawn up in line of battle as a
reserve in case of need, but was not called into action. Dur
ing the* progress of the battle the wounded were carried
through the line to the hospital in the rear, and the brigade
remained on the field till the next morning, ready to repel any
assault on that part of the line. The heavy rain, late in the after
noon, had thoroughly soaked the ground, and the hay and
straw found in stacks near by was liberally used to keep the
men out of the mud and water as they lay on their arms dur
ing the night.

I So THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

LETTERS :

Arlington, Sept. — , 1862.

* * * We fought at Manassas on Saturday and Thoroughfare Gap on Thursday.
Are on the retreat, but think it's done to mislead the rebels. * * * I did not get a
scratch, though I could feel the bullets as they whizzed past. I was second man from
the colors, and they were completely riddled. * * * We lost all our knapsacks and
are in a bad fix ; have no clothes or blankets, but what I fought in. I lost all your
pictures. * « * You ought to see me now, you'd swear I was no relation of yours.
I have on Government shoes, full of holes, the remnants of a pair of pants tucked in legs
of stockings, an apology for a coat, two very dirty shirts, an old cap, and never another
thing have I. Some of the boys are barefooted, others bareheaded. Each man carries
100 rounds of cartridges. * * * (During the battle) my gun got so hot I could
hardly hold it, and I got so excited that after it was all over I was taken with cramps
in my stomach and the doctor cupped me in three, places. * * * One of our company
raised his piece to fire over my shoulder, when a ball struck him in the breast and he
fell on me dead. * * * All my clothes and little comforts were in my knapsack, which
was lost. Just think of a reb. going through them and getting all that I cared so
much to keep. However, if I don't look fine, I'm as happy as a king. Don't worry
about me. Supplies are on the way to us. I intend to do my duty, and if I fall it's all
right, but I'd like to see the end of it. * * * L — - sends his love to all ; he is now
washing out his tin cup ; says he had a grand stew for dinner — crackers and water.

1862 AN INCIDENT IN PASSING. • l8l

CHAPTER X.

THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN -BATTLES OF SOUTH MOUNTAIN AND

ANTIETAM.

After the Second Bull Run.— An Incident at Fairfax Court House. — In Camp at
Hall's Hill. — Pope Relieved. — McClellan in Command. — Lee's Plan of Invasion. —
The Enemy Cross the Potomac. — The Union Army on the March. — Maryland
Don't " Breathe and Burn" for ti.e Southern Cause. — Lee's Special Order, No. 191. —
" Brother Jonathan " Hats. — The Reception at Frederick. — Battle of South Moun
tain. — Popularity of McClellan. — On the Banks of the Antietam. — Night before
the Battle. — Situation on the Morning of the I7th. — Battle of Antietam.— " Send
Me Your Best Brigade." — Operations on the Left. — Burnside's Bridge. — The
Losses in Battle. — " Hartsuff's Brigade at Antietam."

COME of the NINTH, upon reaching Fairfax Court House,
were witnesses of an amusing scene which is here given

o o

in the language of C. S. McClenthen, a member of the Twenty-
sixth New York volunteers :

" We halted for some moments close to some wagons, one
of which was found to be laden with loaves of bread. On mak
ing the discovery a number of soldiers made a rush for the
prize, and then ensued a scene, which, could it have been trans
ferred to canvas, would have made the fortune of the artist.
Those first at the wagon succeeded in getting their arms fall,
but found it impossible to escape through the crowd with their
'booty, for they were assailed by those on the outside and a
general scramble ensued. Artillery, cavalry, and infantry men
were tangled up in one confused mass, crawling over or under
each other, some with a loaf in each hand, while others had
merely what their closed fingers could hold, the rest having
been pulled off by more fortunate comrades. If one succeeded
in making his escape from the crowd with a whole loaf he was
followed by a dozen men in an eager race for a share. The
scene was ludicrous beyond description. As I had no desire to
have my clothes torn from my back, and to be trampled under

1 82 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

Foot by my companions, I remained a passive but much amused
spectator, and laughed heartily, as the poor driver, who, seeing
the hopelessness of any remonstrance, had remained on his seat,
and, as the last loaf disappeared, shouted, " Sold out and hain't
ijot a cent !"

The NINTH continued its march in retreat, by way of
Bailey's Cross Roads, passing through a fertile, well-watered
country, the orchards of apple and peach trees tempting many
of the men to wander a little from the road, and help them
selves to the fruit without asking the consent of the owners.
At a late hour in the evening, after a march of som^ twenty
miles, the troops bivouacked at Hall's Hill, distant about five
miles from the Chain Bridge, and in sight of the Capital.
Many of the troops were also encamped in the vicinity of
Upton's Hill. General Palfrey, in his volume, The Antietam
and Frederic ksburg, page 2, says :

It is not to be imagined that the Union forces thus collected in front of Washington
were a rabble. It is true that even successful battle produces disorganization, and that
defeat — still more a series of defeats — produces much' more. Officers are killed and
wounded, men stray from their colors, arms and equipments are lost, and much con
fusion is caused, and the effective force of an army is sometimes very seriously im
paired ; but with even tolerable troops it is very rarely destroyed altogether, even for a
day. It hardly ever happens that all the troops on either side are engaged. * * *
These bodies of troops, except in extreme cases, preserve their organization and their
efficiency. * * * Then in war, it is the universal principle that there is never a
vacancy. The instant a superior falls, the man next in rank to him takes his place with
out an order, without an assignment. * * Thus, except in those very rare cases in
which an army becomes a mob, even defeat works no destruction of the frame\vork of
the great machine. * * * Thus, after the severe defeat which Lee inflicted upon Pope
the rear guard of infantry, artillery, and cavalry was orderly and calm, and formed a
strong line between the Federal and Confederate forces.

The disastrous results of the campaign just ended led to
Pope's removal, although " officially " he asked to be relieved.
McClellan, who had followed his army from the Peninsula, was
again placed in command of the troops, and a new Army of
the Potomac was formed, consisting of McClellan's old army
and the Army of Virginia. In the reorganization,' McDowell
was also relieved and his late command assigned to the First
corps under General Joseph Hooker. The division command-

1 862 LEE'S INVASION. 183

ers were Generals King, Ricketts and Meade. Ricketts' divis
ion consisted of the brigades of Generals Tower, Duryea, and
Hartsuff, the command of the latter was composed of the
Twelfth and Thirteenth Massachusetts, Eleventh Pennsylva
nia, and the NINTH New York.

For a short time the men in camp enjoyed peace and plenty.
Sutler Ralph, who had been unable to open his stock since
leaving Culpeper, did a thriving business, and the me:\ fared
well. The casualties of battle and the losses by disease, to
gether with a number of transfers, had so reduced the regi
ment, that out of nearly twelve hundred on the rolls in 1861,
much less than half that number were present to enter upon
the Maryland Campaign.

Swinton, in his J^wclve Decisive Battles of the War, says:

At Chantilly, Lee sat alone in his lent, revolving in his mind the events of that
astonishing campaign which had witnessed the defeat of two Union armies, whose
broken fragments lay on the Potomac like the stranded wreck of a noble fleet. While
thus the Confederate Commander meditated, there dawned upon him the conception
•of a stroke more bold than all the deeds yet done — a stroke which seemed to make
past performance tame by plenitude of its promise. That for which he had assumed
the offensive was already attained — the armies of McClellan and Fope had been
hurled back to the point whence they set out on the campaign of the spring and sum
mer, the siege of Richmond was raised, the war was transferred from the banks of
the James and Rapidan to the borders of the Potomac. Why should he not now pass
the borders, and raise the standard of revolt on Northern soil, overwhelm the demoral
ized remnants of his adversary and dictate a Peace in the Capital of the Union? The
thought, assuming shape in his mind, determined itself in a resolve, and hastily pen
ning a dispatch, Lee, from Chantilly, on the night of the 2nd September, 1862,
announced to the Chief of the Confederacy in Richmond his purpose to move on the
morrow into Maryland. Such was the origin of that first Condederate invasion which
culminated in the battle of Antietam.

The Editor is greatly tempted to dwell at length upon the
feeling of alarm which prevailed at the Capital — and through
out the whole North — when it was learned that Lee's army
had crossed the border. It was indeed a " dark day " for the
Nation. The limits o. a regimental history, however, forbid,
and we must follow the fortunes of the NINTH.

McClellan, acting now on the defensive, was obliged to
wait until the enemy's plans were developed. Meanwhile he
vigorously prosecuted the work of reorganizing his army.

184 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

The advance of the Confederates crossed the Potomac on
the morning of the 5th, at the fords above Leesburg. Leaving
Banks with about fifteen thousand men to occupy the defences
of Washington, McClellan began his march, also, on the 5th,
The NINTH broke camp on the evening of the 6th, and at
half-past ten crossed the Potomac on the Aqueduct bridge ;
thence passing through Georgetown and Washington to the
Rockville turnpike, continued the march, with short intervals
for rest, until near daylight of the 7th, when the tired men
were allowed to drop down upon the ground for a few
moments' repose. After scarcely an hour's rest, hardly suf
ficient — even for veterans — to recover from the fatigue of the

long night march, the column, at five o'clock, again moved for
ward, passing through Leesboro, and, about the middle of the
afternoon, halted at Mechanicsville. The march this day was an
easy one ; an abundance of fruit, eagerly partaken of by the rnenv
seemed to refresh them, and the people, being mainly Union
ists, the soldiers' hearts were gladdened by seeing the National
emblem displayed by those who wore bright and smiling faces.
What a change it was from Virginia ! There fruit was scarce,
but Union people scarcer still. A smile from a native there
would be the subject of comment among the men, while here,
in " My Maryland," the Union feeling predominated and
Secessionists hid their heads. The NINTH remained at Mechan
icsville while other portions of the army were taking the places
assigned them in the grand army.

In his report of the campaign, General Lee outlined his in
tended plan of operations. It was to move his army into
Western Maryland and establish communication with Rich
mond by way of the Shenancloah Valley. By thus threatening
Pennsylvania he would draw the Union Army away from Wash
ington and its base, and also compel the evacuation of Harper's
Ferry and Martinsburg.

McClellan organized his force — of about eighty-five thou
sand men — into three grand divisions, the Right, consisting of
the First and Ninth corps, was placed under command of
General Ambrose E. Burnside ; the Center was under General

1862 CONFEDERATES IN MARYLAND. 185

FLdwin V. Sumner, and was composed of the Second and
Twelfth corps, while the Left was made up of the Fifth and
Sixth corps, and was led by General William B. Franklin.
The troops were so disposed as to cover Washington and
Baltimore, Franklin's left resting on the Potomac, while Burn-
side's right reached a point nearly twenty-five miles north.

Stonewall Jackson's column, the advance of the Confeder
ate Army, had entered FYederick on the 6th. On the 8th,
General Lee issued an address " To the People of Maryland,"
wherein he stated the purpose of the invasion " so far as that
purpose concerns yourselves." The Confederate leader called
upon the people to " throw off the foreign yoke " and flock to
his standard. The result was not what he expected. As a
Confederate author puts it : " They had been asked to come
and 'breathe and burn.' They haven't burned much so far."

Portions of the Union Army were advancing on Frederick,
the expected uprising did not occur, and Lee ordered the evac
uation of the place. As the Confederate troops passed
through the city " there stood on a small gallery a buxom
young lady, with laughing black eyes, witnessing the scene
before her ; on her breast she had pinned a small flag, the Stars
.and Stripes. This was observed, and some soldier sang out :
' Look h'yar, miss, better take that flag down ; we're awful fond
•of charging breast works !' but the loyal lady stood by her
colors till the column passed." (Col. \Vm. M. Owen, in
Washington Artillery of New Orleans.}

General McClellan had advised, the evacuation of Harper's
Ferry, but his advice was unheeded by the authorities at
Washington. Lee now set about capturing the Union force
there, and, on the Qth, issued, the following :

SPECIAL ORDERS, )
No. 191. \

HEADQUARTERS, ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,

September 9, 1 862.

The army will resume its march to-morrow, taking the Hagerstown road. General
Jackson's command will form the advance, and after passing Middletown, with such
portion as he may select, take the route towards Sharpsburg, cross the Potomac at
the most convenient point, and on Friday night ^the I2th), take possession of the Haiti-

1 86 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

more and Ohio Railroad, and capture such of the enemy as may be at Martinsburg,
and intercept such as may attempt to escape from Harper's Ferry.

General Longstreet's command will pursue the same road as far as Boonsboro,
where it will halt with the reserve, supply, and baggage trains of the army.

General McLaws, with his own division and that of General R. H. Anderson, will
follow General Longstreet ; on reaching Middletown he will take the route to Harper's
Ferry, and on Friday morning (12 inst.) possess himself of the Maryland Heights, and
endeavor to capture the enemy at Harper's Ferry and vicinity.

General Walker, with his division, after accomplishing the object in which he is
now engaged, will cross the Potomac at Cheeks Ford, ascend its right bank to Lovetts-
ville, take possession of Loudoun Heights, if practicable, by Friday morning, Keys Ford
on his left, and the road between the end of the mountain and the Potomac on his
right. He will, as far as practicable, co-operate with General McLaws and General
Jackson in intercepting the retreat of the enemy. General D. H. Hill's division will
form the rear guard of the army, pursuing the road taken by the main body. The
reserve artillery, ordnance and supply trains, etc, will precede General Hill.

General Stuart will detach a squadron of cavalry to accompany the commands of
Generals Longstreet, Jackson and McLaws, and with the main body of the cavalry will
cover the route of the army and bring up all stragglers that may have been left behind..

The commands of Generals Jackson, McLaws and Walker, after accomplishing the
objects for which they have been detached, will join the main body of the army at
Boonsboro or Hagerstown. Each regiment on the march will habitually carry its axes
in the regimental ordnance wagons, for use of the men at their encampments, to pro
cure wood, etc.

By command of General R. E. LEE.

R. H. CHILTON,

Assistant Adjutant-General.

While the Union troops were marching along towards the
enemy, the " Johnnies " were making the most of their first
visit among the towns of the loyal State. Like the " Yanks"
in Virginia, the " Rebs " cut some queer antics, many of which
were productive of more merriment to them than to the inhab
itants. Colonel Owen says of their visit to Hagerstown on
the 1 2th :

One merchant had upon his shelves, where they had lain for many years,
about one hundred old-fashioned, bell-crowned beaver-hats, with long nap upon them,
just the style our fathers wore, and caricaturists are wont to place them upon the head
of Brother Jonathan. These were discovered by some funny fellow, who appeared
upon the street with one upon his head. The "a la mode "took like wild fire — as new
fashions always do — and the store was soon relieved of the stock of beavers, and the
streets were thronged with men with the new " Brother Jonathan " hat. They wore
them upon the march, and went into the battle of Antietam with this most peculiar
head-gear for warriors.

1 862 CONFEDERATE ORDER, NO. 1 9 I. 1 87

To return to the regiment which we left at Mechanics-
ville. The brigade received an addition to its strength on the
9th, by the arrival of the Sixteenth Maine, a new regiment,
fresh from the Pine Tree State. On the morning of the loth,

the advance was continued. The men marched all day, under
a hot sun and a cloudless sky, a distance of fifteen miles, and
towards evening bivouacked in the neighborhood of Cooks-
ville, where they remained for the next two days. During the
nth, a refreshing shower cooled the air and laid the dust.
On the 1 2th, clothing was issued, and in the afternoon the

command marched through Lisbon and Poplar Springs, halt
ing late in the afternoon near Ridgeville. At an early hour
on the 1 3th, the men again shouldered their muskets, and
pushed on after the enemy, who was now reported to be
retreating. The route led through Ridgeville, where the Six-

<_5 O ^>

teenth Maine was left as a railroad guard ; New Market was
passed, and at half-past six in the afternoon a halt was ordered
near Frederick.

Just about the time the troops came to a halt, Sergeant
John B. Bloss and Corporal W. A. Mitchell, of Company F,
Twenty-seventh Indiana, Colonel Colgrove, of Gordon's bri
gade, William's division, of the Twelfth corps, while looking
about a deserted camp of one of the Contederate regiments,
noticed what was supposed to be only a little roll of paper ;
but " Mitchell " kicked at it, and curiosity prompted him to
pick it up, when, much to his gratification, he found the paper
contained three cigars ; perhaps he lit one, and gave his com
rade one of the others, and then casually glanced at the paper,
which at first he supposed to be a letter. It proved to be a
copy of Lee's order, No. 191, and was addressed to General
D. H. Hill. The important paper soon found its way-
through " the official channels "to General McClellan, who thus
early became aware of the division of the Confederate forces
—towards Martinsburg and Harper's Ferry. This was the
opportunity of General McClellan's military life. " It cannot
be said that he did not act with considerable energy, but he
did not act with sufficient. The opportunity came within his

1 88 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

reach, such an opportunity as hardly ever presented itself to a
Commander of the Army of the Potomac, and he almost
grasped it, but not quite." (Palfrey's, The Antietam and
Fredericksburg. )

Early in the morning of the i4th, the troops were again on
the march. The roads were much crowded and progress
was slow. The NINTH was on familiar ground. As the loyal
city of Frederick was approached the ranks were "dressed,"
and, with drums beating and colors flying, the column passed
through amid the the plaudits of gaily-dressed women and
children, who showered favors upon their country's defenders.
The Union troops were received with open arms and thankful
hearts. Union flags were displayed at every turn, and were
waved by the little ones to the shouts of " Hurrah for Mat-
tellan." . National airs were sung by the older sisters and
brothers, while still others — the good mothers and fathers —
made haste to supply the hungry and thirsty (soldiers are
always hungry and thirsty) "boys in blue " with substantial
creature comforts. These courtesies had compelled a halt of
the column, but only for a few moments. "Forward" was
the watchword. Early in the afternoon General Hatch re
lieved General King of the command of the First division.

The artillery and baggage wagons occupied the middle of
the roads, while the infantry plodded along as best they could
on the roadsides and through the fields. Upon arriving at the
summit of the Catoctin Range, a little west of the city, the
smoke of battle was observed on South Mountain, still further
to the west. Groups of citizens had gathered to witness the
— to them — novel sight, and they fully expected to see a
battle take place on the banks of Catoctin Creek. Descending
the western slope of the range, Middletown was soon reached,
and there the scenes described at Frederick were repeated.
When Jackson passed through on the loth, and observed two
young ladies, among others, conspicuously wearing the Union
colors, he is reported to have said . "We seem to have but few
friends here." The rear guard of the enemy had only left
Middletown in the morning, but before retiring had fired the

FIELD OF

SOUTH ]MOU

SEPT. 14 1862

Union Troops A.M
Union Troops P. M
Confederates A.M
Stone Walls & Fe/-£es

1862 BATTLE OF SOUTH MOUNTAIN. 189

bridge over Catoctin Creek, and when the NINTH reached that
point the timbers were still burning. A dwelling-house and
barn were also burning near by, and a number of the
Brooklyn Fourteenth were at work with an old fire-engine
endeavoring to subdue the flames.

It was now quite late in the afternoon. The Ninth corps
had obtained a foot-hold at Fox's Gap, a short distance to the
left of the turnpike, while the divisions of Hooker's corps had
effected a lodgment at Turner's Gap, through which the turn
pike crossed the South Mountain. Artillery firing had been
heard nearly all day, and now, as the regiment approached the
battle-field, the musketry was distinctly heard. The sound of
this soon ceased, and although the artillery still kept up a
desultory fire, it was supposed to be the last echoes of the en
gagement. After fording a small stream a halt for an hour
was made, during which the rattle of small-arms was renewed.
The regiment was then ordered to march to the right of
the Pike into an open field near the base of the mountains.
Here the men were directed to leave their knapsacks, and then
they knew that the battle was not over, and that, doubtless,
they would have an opportunity of sharing in the "glory " of
the day. General Hatch had been wounded during the en
gagement and General Doubleday assumed command of the
F"irst division.

Obliqueing to the left, the brigade proceeded up the steep
mountain side as rapidly as the nature of the ground permit
ted, the road, filled with small loose stones, was difficult to
travel. It was found that Ricketts' division was the reserve,
and, as it was not called into action, suffered little. But one
man in the NINTH was killed, Charles W. Wood, of Company
H, and one wounded. Gibbon's brigade of Hatch's division
was on the turnpike, and suffered the most in driving Col-
quitt's brigade of D. H. Hill's division. The other brigades
of Hatch were some distance to the right of the Pike, and on
their right was Meade's division, the extreme right being held
by Seymour's brigade. Ricketts' command was drawn up in
the rear about midway between Hatch and Meade. When or-

190 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

dered to advance, Hartsuff's brigade was sent to support Gib
bon. The Union troops pressed bravely on ; Meade succeed
ed in turning the enemy's left, while Hatch pushed back their
center, but it was not until after dark that the enemy gave
way along their entire line. Ricketts' division was then moved
forward to hold the line during the night. About midnight
two brigades from Sumrer's command were sent up to relieve
a portion of Hooker's, who had been fighting during the day.
The Ninth corps had carried Fox's Gap about the same time
that Turner's was occupied, but General Reno had been killed
— a sad loss to the Union Amiy.

The Left Grand division under Franklin had also won a
battle at Crampton's Gap, some six miles further south on tne
mountain, and it was hoped the troops would get through in
time to save Harper's Ferry, but in this they failed. Inasmuch
as the Confederates fought these battles for purely strategical
reasons, and succeeded in their strategy, they did not feel very
sore over their tactical defeat. They had delayed the advance
of the Union Army long enough to ensure Jackson's success
at Harper's Ferry, where, on the morning of the i5th, he bagged
the whole Union force of about twelve thousand men, and a
large park of artillery. To quote Gsneral Palfrey again : "A
night march of his (McClellan's) left and right wings on the
evening of the i3th — a far easier march than Jackson made
on the night of the I5th, from Harper's Ferry to Sharpsburg—
would have given him possession of both passes (Turner's and
Crampton's Gaps) early in the morning of the i4th, and if he
had been there, it is hard to see how he could have failed to do
such things as fairly startle one to think of."

Daylight of the I5th brought a flag of truce from the enemy,
with a request for an armistice to allow them to bury their
dead ; but it was too clearly an excuse for delaying the march
of the Union troops, and about eight o'clock an advance was
ordered. In a short time the NINTH halted at the Mountain
House — a country hotel — on the gap road, and at the summit
of the pass.- A few scattered houses were nearby, all of which
had been deserted by their occupants during the battle. The

1862 " LITTLE MAC."

men were short of rations, — two crackers only had been given as
the day's supply; and as soon as the column halted the neigh
boring houses and gardens were ransacked for fruit and vege
tables, and such other eatables as could be obtained. Even
the knapsacks, one belonging to a member of Company H, of
the NINTH (lost at Bull Run), and haversacks of the enemy,
many of which were found lying about, were searched for food,
and quite a supply was gained from this source. " Necessity
knows no law."

Squads of prisoners soon began passing to the rear, show
ing that the Union cavalry were following up closely the
retreating enemy, and picking up the stragglers. After con
siderable delay, owing to the narrow road and the large
number of troops, the march was continued. Boonsboro was
reached, where a loyal welcome was received, and then the
column pressed on to Keedysville, near Antietam Creek,
beyond which stream Lee's army was drawn up in a strong
position for defence. During the afternoon General McClellan
passed along the road, his appearance being hailed with such
hearty cheers that the sound of the cannonading in front was
completely drowned. No General in the Union Army was
ever so popular with the rank and file as " Little Mac."

Volleys and scattering musketry firing were heard late in
the afternoon, and which continued till near sundown. At a late
hour the NINTH went into bivouac near Antietam Creek, the
men a little tired after the march of twelve miles over the
rough mountain road, but ready for the expected battle.

The morning of the i6th was hot and sultry, and so
continued all day. A full supply of rations made the men
feel good — nothing like a full stomach on the eve of battle
to put an army in good fighting trim. Artillery and musketry
could be head all the forenoon ; the latter, however, was
merely that of the skirmish or picket line. Hooker's corps
did not move till about two o'clock in the afternoon, when
Doubleday, with the First division, took the lead, followed by
Meade with the Third, while Ricketts brought up the rear.
Hartsuff's brigade moved between three and four o'clock,

192 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

making a detour of about a mile to escape the enemy's
artillery fire, and crossing the creek by a bridge, the second
above the "Burnside" bridge, while other portions of the
corps crossed at Kelty's Ford still further up the stream.
After crossing, the column headed first to the left, then to the
right, and, after marching over a number of fields and jumping
several ditches, line of battle was formed a little southwest of
Dunbar's mill, and near the road leading to the Dunker

Church. Artillery was planted in the field, in front of the line
of battle, and from which the enemy had just been driven.
But little fighting had occurred at close quarters during the
day, and that little was by Meade's division, for the purpose
of obtaining a position. During the night Ricketts' division
was moved into the woods to the right of its first position,
and, owing to the darkness, much difficulty was experienced by
the men in keeping the ranks properly closed. What little
sleep the men managed to snatch was frequently interrupted
by alarms on the picket line, Hood's division of the enemy,
which had been driven back, keeping up an intermittent fire,
which was replied to by the Union soldiers. Less than five
hundred yards separated the opposing lines. That a decisive
battle was about to be fought, possessed the minds of all, and
General Hooker's remark, that "To-morrow we fight a battle
that will decide the fate of the Republic," found an echo in
the minds of many of his men who lay and shivered in the
cool night air.

Early morning of the eventful i 7 th was foggy, but after
wards the day was clear and pleasant, so far as Nature was con
cerned, the minds of men alone being torn by conflicting emo
tions. A brief review of the situation will enable the reader
the better to understand what follows : The Antietam, from
which the Union troops named the battle, is a crooked stream,
its general direction being a little west of south ; its nearest
point to the town of Sharpsburg — the battle name adopted by
the Confederates — is about two-thirds of a mile. Within the
limits of the field the stream is crossed by three stone
bridges, between and near which are several fords. At only

THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE LINES. 193

one of the bridges, however, was there any serious fighting,
that on the left, n jvv known as the " Burnside" bridge. The
Hagerstovvn Pike runs north from the town ; and about a mile
beyond, on the left of the road, is situated the Dunker
Church, surrounded, except on the east, by woods, which also
extend three-quarters of a mile north of the church, broken
only by a small cleared field, about half a mile north of the
building. Directly opposite this small cleared field, and on
the east of the Pike, is a still larger field (Dr. Miller's farm)
broken somewhat by the buildings and fences. A part of this
field was filled with standing corn. Beyond the corn field, to the
•east, was a strip of woods, now known as the East Woods. It
was in these woods and fields, north and east of the Dunker
Church, that the most desperate fighting occurred, and which
involved the" right of the Union line of battle.

On the extreme right of the Union line, and resting on the
Hagerstown Pike, was Doubleday's division of Hooker's corps;
Meade's division of Pennsylvania Reserves was next on the
left, and then Ricketts' division. Mansfield's Twelfth corps
had followed Hooker's, and was posted about a mile in the
rear. It consisted of two divisions commanded by Generals
Crawford and Greene. The Second corps was still further 'in
the rear. A portion of Porter's Fifth corps was also across
the creek, posted on the left and rear of Hooker's line.

The Union left was held by the Ninth corps and General
Cox's Kanawha division, under General Burnside, and the
troops were posted on high ground east of the creek, com
manding the bridge still held by the enemy. The Kanawha
division was on the extreme left, opposite a ford below the
bridge ; Rodman's division of the Ninth corps was opposite
the bridge. Sturges' division was next on the right, while
Willcox's division was in reserve in rear of Rodman. The
bridge was a narrow structure, and the approaches on the
Union side were through open fields without any cover, except
a few rail fences.

Longstreet held the ground in front of Burnside. It was a
most favorable one for defence, consisting of a series of undu-

THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

lating hills or crests, rising towards the rear of the enemy's
position, and, beyond the strip of woods which lined the west
bank of the stream, with but little cover for an assaulting col
umn. Stonewall Jackson held the left of the Confederate line.

McClellan's plan was that Hooker should attack the Con
federate left, and, when the battle there was well under way,
Burnside should carry the bridge in his front and assail the
right.

At five o'clock the " Bucktails " of Meade's division were
on the skirmish line in the East Woods, and, upon advancing
against the, enemy, the battle was opened. Meade pushed on
through the woods and across the open fields, driving the
enemy across the Hagerstown Pike and into the wood beyond,
where, reenforced by fresh troops, they made a determined
stand, a .d Meade's shattered line was obliged to halt. As the
enemy was reenforced the Pennsylvania men fell rapidly under
the withering fire, and Meade was compelled to order a retreat
back to the cover of the East Woods. This was accomplished
with but little confusion, although the enemy poured out of
the woods, across the Pike, and into the corn-field. Other
troops from the Union line went to the assistance of their
hard-pressed comrades, but all were gradually driven back to
cover. Meanwhile, on the right, Doubleday's division had also
advanced and gained some important advantages. When
Meade was driven back, Hooker, who was anxiously watching
the movements, despatched Captain Somers, of his staff, to
order up Ricketts' division. The command advanced through
the woods, Hartsuffs brigade in the center, "the other t\vo
in echelon to the rear, to the right and left respectively." As
the men were pressing through the woods another aide gal
loped up to Ricketts with an order from Hooker for "your best
brigade, instantly !" Hartsuff was ordered to hurry forward,
and, followed by Thompson's battery, double-quicked to the
front, and soon emerged into the field where the battle was
raging. Shot, shell and bullets were flying thick as the men
pushed through the woods and entered the open field. A lit
tle ridge in front, parallel with the turnpike, had been held by

FIELD of

NTTETAM

J862 BATTLE OF ANTIETAM. 195

Meade for a while, but the men were falling fast. Hooker
now ordered Hartsuff to advance and hold the ridge, and, as
the brigade passed, Hooker was heard to say: "I think they
will hold it." As the brigade pushed on to the position indi
cated, General Hartsuff was struck by a bullet, and fell from
his horse severely wounded. " Don't tell the boys I'm
wounded," he said, as he was being carried from the field.
Hartsuff's fall did not leave the brigade without a competent
commander, for Coulter, of the Eleventh Pennsylvania, the
senior colonel present with the command, at once assumed the
leadership — " Forward, Third brigade !" and up the hill it
went.

A barn on the Rullet farm, some little distance to the left
of the corn-field in which the brigade now found itself, was no
ticed burning. On the men went, the other two brigades close
ly following, and at last the ridge was gained when the enemy
fell back to the Pike, sheltering themselves behind the stone
wall which lined its eastern side. While the brigade held its
position upon the ridge the Twelfth corps was engaged on the
left. The gallant commander, Mansfield, while on the front line
directing operations, was fatally wounded. General Hooker,
too, had received a severe wound in the foot, and was compelled
to leave the field. Hartsuff's brigade — as well as the balance
of Ricketts' division — were now nearly out of ammunition ;
many brave men had fallen, and the enemy was crowding in
fresh men to regain the lost ground. Jackson's old veterans
of the Valley and of the Peninsula, fought bravely and well,
but they met their match in Hooker's troops. So rapid was
the musketryfire that the men of Hartsuff's brigade soon ex
hausted their cartridges, when they were relieved by the
Second brigade, the Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania, taking the
place of the NINTH. Supports from the Twelfth and Second
corps now arriving, Ricketts' division was withdrawn in order
that the men might replenish their cartridge boxes. Hartsuff's
brio-ade, having suffered the most, was not acrain sent into the

o o *->

front line, but was ordered to the extreme right, where, under
Doubleday, it supported a battery during the afternoon. While

196 THE NINTH NEW YORK. Septembcr

in this position Stuart's cavalry attempted to charge 0:1 the.
guns, but were met with such a storm of shell and shapnel
that they were compelled to fall back. Darkness closed the
fighting on this part of the line, with the field mainly in posses
sion of the Union troops.

In describing the part taken by the NINTH a member of
Company E wrote :

" The Twelfth Massachusetts was on the right, the Eleventh Pennsylvania next,
then the Thirteenth Massachusetts, and our regiment on the left. As \ve were the ex
treme left we had to march through the woods, and as we moved forward the rebels-
got behind the trees and kept up a lively fire ; they fell back from one tree to another
until we drove them out of the woods. The rebel brigade we were fighting as we ad
vanced skedaddled when they got out of the woods, but there was a fresh brigade
opened fire on us when we got on the crest of the hill. Then commenced as desper
ate a fight as could occur. The brigade in front of us was one of Stonewall Jackson's
best, old veterans who had been all through the battles in the Valley and on the
Peninsula. They fought bravely and well but at last were compelled to fall back. * * "•-
I cannot give a description of the battle, as a man who is at his post can see nothing
but what occurs immediately about him."

The subordinate commanders under Jackson were Ewell,
Hood and Starke.

It was Wofford's brigade of Hood's division, consisting of
the First, Fourth and Fifth Texas, Eighteenth Georgia and
Hampton's Legion, that confronted Hartsuff's brigade during
the forenoon. The First Texas lost a color, and, according to
Colonel Wofford's report, his command was almost annihilated,
losing in killed, wounded and missing, over one-half. General

o • o

Starke, a division commander, and Colonel Douglass command
ing a brigade, were killed, while General A. R. Lawton and
Colonel Joseph Walker were among the wounded.

On the left General Burnside had met with strong oppo
sition in his endeavors to carry the bridge. First General
Crook's brigade, of the Kanawha division, preceded by skirm
ishers from the Eleventh Connecticut, and supported by
Sturgis' division, made the attempt, but failed. Then the
Sixth New Hampshire and Second Maryland of Nagle's
brigade of Sturgis' division tried, but they, . too, were com
pelled to fall back under the shower of bullets which swept

i8j2 NUMBER OF TROOPS ENGAGED. THE LOSSES. 197

across the narrow bridge — hardly wide enough for a dozen
men to pass abreast. At noon McClellan had become impa
tient at the delay, and sent repeated orders for Burnside to
push his men across. General Ferrero's brigade of Sturgis'
division was then ordered to the work, and at one o'clock the
bridge was gallantly carried, but over five hundred had fallen
dead and wounded, before the task was accomplished.

The Ninth corps then crossed the creek, the enemy retir
ing to the heights near Sharpsburg. Willcox's division was on
the right, astride of the road leading to the village, while the
•other divisions were ranged on the left. Rodman's division
had crossed at the ford below the bridge, and when it advanced
against the enemy, captured a battery and partly turned
their right flank. Just at this moment, however, A. P.
Hill's division reached the field from the Harper's Ferry ex
pedition, and stemmed the tide of the Union advance. Sup
ported by some of the regulars from Porter's corps, the right
of Burnside's line held the advance position — on the outskirts
of the town — till near five o'clock, when the men were ordered
to withdraw to cover, nearer the creek. It was then dark.

The number of Union troops engaged in the battle was
about sixty thousand, while the Confederates had some forty
thousand. This disproportion was more than neutralized by
the Union Army being the attacking party. The Union loss,
as compiled from nominal lists of casualties and returns, was
2,108 killed, 9,549 wounded and 753 missing ; total, 12,410.
The total loss of the enemy, according to General Longstreet,
was 11,433.

Ricketts' division carried into action 3,158 officers and
men, and its loss, according to official figures, was 172 killed,
946 wounded and 86 missing; total, 1,204. Hartsuff's brigade
lost 82 killed, 497 wounded and 20 missing; total, 599. Ac
cording to regimental statistics, the. NINTH lost 23 killed and
died of wounds, 88 wounded and 3 missing ; total, i 14. The
officers wounded were : Captains Ralph A. Lanning and
Eugene Pickett. and Lieutenants William H. Terwilliger and
Henry P. Clare. The enlisted men killed were : Company A,

198 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

Corporal William C. Robinson and Private Joseph H. Sweezy ;
Company B, Corporal Henry Rheinlancler and Privates Henry
Bormann, Frederick Bunk and Henry Rodgers ; Company D,
Privates Francis Lambert and Thomas W. Mykens ; Company
F, Corporal William H. Cossman ; Company G, Corporal
Charles W. Beecher and Privates William Foy, Thomas R.
Grogan and Charles Wr. B. Hr.rcl ; Company H, Privates
Jeremiah Bresnan, Alexander Deacon and Matthew Murphy ;
Company I, Privates Daniel Curtin, Peter B. Kinney and
Joseph McAvoy ; Company L, Sergeants John H. Scott and
Charles J. Cross, Corporal John A. Willers and Private James
Martin.

Among the officers especially commended for their bravery
on the field were Captains Hendrickson and Moesch, men
tioned by Colonel Coulter in his report of the battle.

A hospital had been established at Hoffman's farm, about
a mile in the rear of Hooker's line of battle, and after first aid
had been rendered on the field, the wounded were removed to
that place. During the battle a specially organized Ambu
lance corps was tried for the first time, which proved of great
service in the speedy removal of the wounded. A green band
about each attendant's arm designated the corps, and served
as a safeguard on the field, but stray shots would sometimes
find a lodgment, even among the non-combatants. Assistant
Surgeon Albert A. Kendell, of the Twelfth Massachussetts,
was killed while at the amputating table on the field, a little in
rear of the line of battle.

From a letter, written a few days after the battle, we
quote the following :

* * * On Wednesday we fought the hardest and bloodiest battle of the war, so far..
Our brigade suffered badly ; were under a galling fire two hours and ten minutes. * * *
Our company lost thirteen wounded out of twenty-three. Two of our company were
shot in front of me and two who were behind me, and I have not a scratch. Just in
front of us a house was burning, and the fire and smoke, flashing of muskets and
whizzing of bullets, yells of the men, etc., were perfectly horrible. * * * The ground
for two miles is strewn with dead. * * * When men lie from Wednesday to Sunday
with wounds undressed I feel as if Glory did not count for much. * * * The Color
corporal was shot dead. I was second man from him and jumped for the colors, but
Wm J. Barnes of our company got there first. A ball passed through my hat and

^862 HARTSUFF'S BRIGADE AT ANTIETAM. 199

Struck the man behind me in the breast. I went into the fight with a strong heart.
When I saw so many fall I expected my turn would soon come, but I loaded and fired
as fast as I could. I tore my shirt up to bind up some wounds and did not get
another until to-day, so I have a fearful cold,

The remains of four members of the NINTH still lie in
marked graves in the National Cemetery on the field of
Antietam ; others

" Sleep where their friends cannot find them to-day ;
They, who in mountain and hillside and dell,
Rest where they wearied, and lie where they fell."

The service performed by Hartsuff's brigade has been the
theme for both song and story by many writers. Smalley's
New York Tribune account is the best found in any of the
papers, and, although an eye-witness of much that he
described, he fell into the error of placing the brigade in
Uoubleday's division, and could identify but two of the four
regiments.

The following lines, written by F. Oliver Flood, of Com
pany C, of the NINTH, were suggested by the occasion :

HARTSUFF'S BRIGADE AT ANTIETAM.

The morn broke fair o'er wood and field

That bank Antietam 's stream ;
The booming cannon early broke

The soldier's fitful dream.
To Arms ! To Arms ! Fall in ! Fall in !

To ranks they quickly run ;
The columns move ; the troops advance ;

The battle has begun.

The rebel columns crossed tlvj pike

And turned Joe Hooker's right ;
They took possession of the ground

That he had held o'er night ;
Thrice had our men, through wood and corn,

Charged boldly and in vain,
To turn the tide of Lee's advance,

The vantage ground regain.

Hooker had watched, — his soldier eye

Had seen his purpose fail, —
For three brigades had broke

Before the lead and iron hail.

2OO THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

" Send me at once an old brigade ! " —

To Ricketts Hooker said,
And when they came up o'er the hill,
Hartsuff rode at their head.

Hartsuff s Brigade of the First Corps
Came down in double time,

And passed into the field of corn,
A firm, unwavering line.

Fearless out of the woods they came, —
Those men were tried and true,

No better men upon that day-
Had worn the Nation's blue.

They saw their pathway strewn with dead

Of those who went before ;
The broken corn, the cumb'rous fence,

Besmeared with other's gore ;
Each soldier's heart was nerved then

To deeds of valor high,
And felt their country needed them

To win the field or die !

Into the field mid deadly grape,

The fences clamb'ring o'er,
They close the gaps made in their ranks

And leave a train of gore.
The last fence reached — they halt ! —

Must they, too, backward fall?
Shall lives and limbs already gone

Be no avail at all ?

They cheer from end of line to end,

They pour a with'ring fire,
They onward press and force their way —

The rebel ranks retire.
"They'll hold it," said 'old fighting Joe,' —

As on the Pike they rushed —
The rebels to the woods beyond

The Dunker Church were pushed.

But oh ! the deadly fire they met, —

That rain of shot and shell,
From massed ranks of bravest men

No pen can ever tell.
They held the ground so nobly won,

And yet how great the cost !
This old Brigade had won the field,

But half its men were lost !

IS62 SEARCHING FUR THE ENEMY. 2OI

CHAPTER XL

AFTER ANTIETAM.

McClellan's Reasons for Not Renewing the Battle. — In Camp at Sharpshurg. — The
Emancipation Proclamation. — Visit of President Lincoln. — Yorktown Hard-tack. —
Stuart's Raid. — The President's Letter to General McClellan. — The Army Moves.
— Rappahannock Station. — Burnside Relieves McClellan. — The Situation of
the Army. — Dr. Nordquist and the Sixteenth Maine. — Changes in the Brigade. —
Song of the NINTH N. Y.S. M.

IT was comparatively quiet during the night. When day
light of the 1 8th appeared, the men expected that the bat
tle would be renewed. The enemy was still in force, and a brisk
skirmish fire was soon opened. At several points on the line,
burial parties were sent out from each side, who also cared for
the wounded. This day passed in comparative quiet. At
dark, the opposing pickets still faced each other. During the
night of the iSth, McClellan ordered the corps commanders
to attack at daylight; when that hour arrived the skirmish line
advanced, but found no enemy to oppose them — they had
retreated during the night ! This was a great relief to the
rank and file. It seemed incredible, however, that Lee's
army should have been allowed to gain the south side of the
river unmolested, and as the lines moved forward the men
expected, every moment, to overtake the enemy ; but no, they
had all crossed the Potomac, most of them by the ford at
Shepherdstown, and when the Union troops reached the bank
of the stream, the enemy was discovered strongly posted on
^he opposite side, and guarding well the various crossings.

v I he great campaign then, resulted simply in driving the
enemy back into Virginia, but, little demoralized by their fail
ure to arouse Maryland, and as events soon proved, as fully
able as ever to cope with the Army of the Potomac.

It is not the province of a regimental history to criticise

2O2 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

campaigns. Enough has been written respecting this one to
fill many volumes. The general verdict is that McClellan
failed to accomplish that which he had the means to perform—
a total rout of the Contederate army. The General has
been heard in his own defence :

The night, however (of the 17th), brought with it grave responsibilities. Whether
to renew the attack on the i8th, or to defer it, even with the risk of the enemy's re
tirement, was the question before me. After a night of anxious deliberation, and a
full and careful survey of the situation and condition of our army, and the strength
and position of the enemy, I concluded that the success of an attack on the i8th was
not certain. I am aware of the fact that, under ordinary circumstances, a general is
expected to risk a battle if he has a reasonable prospect of success ; but at this critical
juncture, I should have had a narrow view of the condition of the country, had I been
willing to hazard another battle with less than an absolute assurance of success. At that
moment— Virginia lost, Washington menaced, Maryland invaded — the national cause
could afford no risks of defeat. One battle lost and almost all would have been lost.
Lee's army might then have marched as it pleased on Washington, Baltimore, Phila
delphia, or New York.

The General then goes on, and in detail shows the losses
in the various corps. He also says, that the supply trains
were not up, and that the men needed provisions, and the
artillery ammunition. Reinforcements were also expected to
arrive during the day. We quote again from the same
source :

The 1 8th was therefore spent in collecting the dispersed, giving rest to the fatigued,
removing the wounded, burying the dead, and the necessary preparations for a re
newal of the battle. (McClellan's Report on the Organisation and Campaigns of
the Army of the Potomac, pp. 393-395.)

Many in the Union Army thought then — and time has not
changed the impression — that, after having been successful in
two battles, and the defeated enemy hemmed in between a
victorious army on the one side and a river difficult to cross
on the other, the victors had, at least, a very reasonable pros
pect of success in the renewal of the contest on the i8th.

The NINTH went into camp near Sharpsburg during the day

— igth. About dark General Charles Griffin, with a portion

of two brigades from the Fifth corps, crossed the river and

attacked some batteries of the enemy, capturing several guns

I £62 CAMPED NEAR SHARPSBURG. 203

and caissons, and driving the infantry back about half mile.
The Confederate army had fallen back towards Winchester.

On the 2Oth the Sixteenth Maine re-joined the brigade.
When the NINTH received their knapsacks that had been left
in the field before the battle of South Mountain, the owners
of many of them were either dead or wounded, and during the
distribution eyes moistened as the men commented upon the
loss the regiment had sustained during the week's campaign.
The next day a mail from home was received, and among the
letters were many making anxious inquiries for loved ones who
were no more on earth. At two o'clock in the morning of
the 22nd, the regiment was ordered to get ready to move, but
at five the order was countermanded. The weather was warm
and the men embraced the opportunity to bathe in the river or
creek. On the 23rd, a detail from the regiment and the
Twelfth Massachusetts guarded the Confederate wounded—
quite a number of whom, as well as many of the Union sol
diers, had not yet been removed to hospitals.

On the 26th the NINTH moved camp about a mile north
west, where a better supply of water was found. Regular
details were now made for picket duty along the river, and
drilling was resumed. When brigade line was formed there
were little more than muskets enough to form one good sized
regiment, while the companies of the older regiments, when
on the drill ground, looked like sergeant's squads.

The most important political measure of the Administration
during the war was the famous Emancipation Proclamation.
W^hile the Slavery question was one which, at the outbreak of
the war, the Union soldier troubled himself very little about,
it became, by the logic of events, most prominent. The great
majority of theUnion soldiers believed that — in the abstract-
slavery was wrong, and that the buying and selling of human
beings was a crime. As the war progressed, and it was found
that a great part of the strength of the enemy lay in the pos
session of slaves, they looked upon any measure that would
tend to deprive the enemy of that resource, as they would up
on any other military necessity. True, it could not effect the

2C>4 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

great number of slaves who still remained within the enemies'
lines, neither did it emancipate those on loyal territory, but
the majority of the most intelligent class in the North hailed
the proclamation as a step forward in the great march of hu
man progress, and gave it their unqualified approval. The
proclamation had been prepared during the summer, but the
President withheld it until a Union victory should, in a meas
ure, prepare the people for its acceptance. We give it here
as read to the Army :

GENERAL ORDERS, ) WAR DEPT., ADJT. GEN.'S OFFICE,

No. 139. \ Washington, September 24, 1862.

The following proclamation by the President is published for the information and
government of the Army and all concerned :

BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
A PROCLAMATION.

I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States of America, and Commander-
in-Chief of the Army and Navy thereof, do hereby proclaim and declare that hereafter,
as heretofore, the war will be prosecuted for the object of practically restoring the
constitutional relation between the United States and each of the States and the
people thereof in which States that relation is or may be suspended or disturbed.
That it is my purpose, upon the next meeting of Congress, to again recommend the
adoption of a practical measure tendering pecuniary aid to the free acceptance or re
jection of all slave States, so called, the people whereof may not then be in rebellion
against the United States, and which States may then have voluntarily adopted, or
thereafter may voluntarily adopt, immediate or gradual abolishment of slavery within
their respective limits ; and that the effort to colonize persons of African descent, with
their consent, upon this continent or elsewhere, with the previously obtained consent
of the governments existing there, will be continued.

That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hun
dred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a
State the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States shall be
then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the executive government of the United
States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain
the freedom of such persons, and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any
of them, in any efforts they make for their actual freedom.

That the Executive will, on the first day of January aforesaid, by proclamation,
designate the States and parts of States, if any, in which the people thereof respectively
shall then be in rebellion against the United States ; and the fact that any State, or
the people thereof, shall on that day oe in good faith represented in the Congress of
the United States by members chosen thereto at elections wherein a majority of the
qualified voters of such State shall have participated shall, in the absence of strong
countervailing testimony, be deemed conclusive evidence that such State and the peo
ple thereof are not then in rebellion against the United States.

That attention is hereby called to an act of Congress entitled " An act to make an
additional article of war," approved March 13, 1862, and which act is in the words and
figure following :

1 862 EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION. 205

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled. That hereafter the following shall be promulgated
as an additional article of war for the government of the Army of the United States
and shall be obeyed and observed as such :

ART. — All officers or persons in the military or naval service of the United States-
are prohibited from employing any of the forces under their respective commands for
the purpose of returning fugitives from service or labor who may have escaped from
any persons to whom such service or labor is claimed to be due ; and any officer who
shall be found guilty by a court-martial of violating this article shall be dismissed
from the service.

SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That this act shall take effect from and after
its passage.

Also to the ninth and tenth sections of an act entitled " An act to suppress insurrec
tion, to punish treason and rebellion, to seize and confiscate property of rebels, and for
other purposes," approved July 17, 1862, and which sections are in the words and
figures following :

SEC. 9. And be it further enacted. That all slaves of persons who shall hereafter
be engaged in rebellion against the Government of the United States, or who shall in
any way give aid or comfort thereto, escaping from such persons and taking refuge
within the line of the Army : and all slaves captured from such persons or deserted
by them, and coming under the control of the Government of the United States; and
all slaves of such persons found on [orj being within any place occupied by rebel
forces and afterwards occupied by the forces of the United States shall be deemed
captives of war, and shall be forever free of their servitude and not again held as
slaves.

SEC. 10. And be it further enacted. That no slave escaping into any State,
Territory, or the District of Columbia from any other state shall be delivered up or in
any way impended or hindered of his liberty, except for crime or some offence against
the laws, unless the person claiming said fugitive shall first make oath that the person
to whom the labor or service of such fugitive is alleged to be due is his lawful owner,
and has not borne arms against the United States in the present rebellion nor in any way
given aid and comfort thereto ; and no person engaged in the military or naval service
of the United States shall under any pretense whatever assume to decide on the valid
ity of the claim of any person to the service or labor of any other person or surrender
up any such person to the claimant, on pain of being dismissed from the service.

And I do hereby enjoin upon and order all persons engaged in the military and
naval service of the United States to observe, obey, and enforce within their respective
spheres of service the act and sections above recited.

And the Executive will in due time recommend that all citizens of the United States
who shall have remained loyal thereto throughout the rebellion shall (upon the res
toration of the constitutional relation between the United States and their respective
States and people, if that relation shall have been suspended or disturbed) be compen
sated for all losses by acts of the United States, including the loss of slaves.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United
States to be affixed.

Done at the city of Washington the twenty-second day of September, in the year
TSEAL 1 °^ our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, and of the Inde
pendence of the United States the eighty-sixth.

ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
By the President :

WILLIAM H. SEVVARD,

Secretary of State.

By order of the Secretary of War :
L. THOMAS,

Adjutant-General.

2O6 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

On the 3Oth, Lieutenant-Colonel Atterbury resigned, and
Adjutant Tuthill the next clay. Major Rutherford was subse
quently advanced a peg, while Second Lieutenant Charles S,
Strong, of Company F, succeeded to the Adjutancy. Surgeon
Nordquist had been detailed as brigade surgeon, and Assistant
Surgeon Pinkney was on duty in the hospitals at Frederick ;
consequently, the sick of the regiment were left to the tender
mercies of the surgeons of other regiments ; but the men did
not suffer for want of care.

On the 3rd of October, President Lincoln, who had been
at McClellan's headquarters for a day or two, reviewed
the First corps, Ricketts' division marching about a mile for
that purpose. The men were all pleased to see " Father
Abraham," or, " Old Abe," terms which they used in a respect
ful and endearing sense, for all loved the man, more than the
official.

Early in the month a number of changes in brigade, division
and corps commanders, necessitated by the losses during the
late campaign, were announced. Brigadier-General John F.
Reynolds, late of the Pennsylvania Reserves, succeeded Gen
eral Hooker in the command of the First corps, and Brigadier-
General Nelson Taylor succeeded General Hartsuff, who had
been made a Major-General. Colonel Stiles returned to duty,
having been away on leave of absence since September i2th.
The losses by death and wounds, and by " cannon fever,"
had caused many vacancies among the rank and file and com
missioned officers. The history of all regiments show that
they were obliged to undergo a "weeding out" process, after
which their ranks, although reduced, were the stronger for
battle.

The chronic foragers — or bummers — had discovered some
papaw trees on the Virginia side of the river, and the fruit,
now ripe and luscious, contributed a pleasing variety to the
ordinary army bill of fare. No little amusement, accompanied by
some growling, was occasioned by the distribution of boxes of
hard-tack marked " Yorktown," for when the boxes were opened
the crackers were found to be alive with worms, many of which

STUART'S CIRCUIT OF THE UNION ARMY. 207

had been luxuriating there since the Peninsular campaign.
Nothing of importance occurred for several days. The usual
drills were performed, interrupted only by rainy weather, which
set in about the loth. On that day the Confederate cavalry
leader, General Stuart, with about two thousand troopers and
a battery of flying artillery, crossed the Potomac at McCoy's
Ferry, a few miles above Williamsport, for a raid into Pennsyl
vania. By evening he was at Chambersburg. The Union cav
alry, who had been watching the fords along the Upper Potomac,
were hastily summoned to follow and watch the bold raiders,
and measures were also taken to intercept and capture the whole
force. Stuart himself did not know where he would recross
the river, expecting to be governed entirely by the movements
of the troops McClellan should send out after him. All was
excitement among general and staff officers of the Union
army. A heavy rain, setting in about the time Stuart reached
Chambersburg, warned him that it would be difficult to recross
at McCoy's, even if unopposed by the Union troops, and he
determined to make the complete circuit of the Union army
and cross between it and Washington. He was induced to
take this course, partly because his guide informed him that
his column could travel about as fast as the rise in the river,
and partly because he thought McClellan would not be looking
for him in that direction. It was a bold movement, and was
highly successful — as a raid — but was not productive of any
benefit to Stuart's command or the cause he served ; for, while
he picked up many horses and some other spoils, his loss of
animals and "wearing out" of his men more than offset all
that he gained. He recrossed on the morning of the 12th, at
White's Ford, about two miles below the mouth the Monocacy
River, having met with but little resistance, his rapid move
ments rendering it impossible for the Union troops to concen
trate in sufficient numbers to seriously impede his progress.

For some days the President had been urging McClellan
to move against the Confederate army. The nature of Mc-
Clellan's replies are indicated by the President's letter of the
1 3th, which is here given in full :

2O8 THE NINTH NEW YORK. October

EXECUTIVE MANSION,

Washington, Oct, 13, 1862.
MAJOR-GENERAL MCCLELLAN :—

MY DEAR SIR — You remember my speaking to yo-i of what I called your over-
cautiousness. Are you not over-cautious when you assume that you cannot do what
the enemy is constantly doing? Should you not claim to be at least equal in prowess
and act upon the claim ?

As I understand, you telegraphed General Halleck that you cannot subsist your
army at Winchester, unless the railroad from Harper's ferry to that point be put in
working order. But the enemy does now subsist his army at Winchester, at a dis
tance nearly twice as great from railroad transportation as you would have to do with
out the railroad last named. He now wagons from Culpeper Court House, which is
just about twice as far as you would have to do from Harper's Ferry. He is certainly
not more than half as well provided with wagons as you are. I certainly should be
pleased for you to have the advantage of the railroad from Harper's Ferry to Win-
cheater, but it wastes all the remainder of autumn to give it to you ; and in fact,
ignores the question of time, which cannot and must not be ignored.

Again, one of the standard maxims of war, as you know, is " to operate upon the
enemy's communications as much as possible, without exposing your own." You seem
to act as if this applies against you, but cannot apply in your favor. Change posi
tions with the enemy, and, think you not, he would break your communications wiih
Richmond within the next twenty-four hours? You dread his going into Pennsyl
vania. But if he does so in full force, he gives up his communications to you abso
lutely, and you have nothing to do but to follow and ruin him ; if he does so with less
than full force, fall upon and beat what is left behind all the easier.

Exclusive of the water line, you are now nearer Richmond than the enemy is. by
the route that you can and he must take. Why can you not reach there before him,
unless you admit that he is more than your equal on a march ? His route is the arc of
a circle, while yours is the chord. The roads are as good on yours as on his.
. You know I desired, but did not order you to cross the Potomac below instead of
above the Shenandoah and Blue Ridge. My idea was that this would at once
menace the enemy's communications, which I would seize if he would permit. If lie
should move northward, I would follow him closely, holding his communications. If
he should prevent our seizing his communications, and move toward Richmond, I
would press closely to him, fight him if a favorable opportunity should present, and
at least try to beat him to Richmond on the inside track. I say " try ;" if we never try
we shall never succeed. If he makes a stand at Winchester, moving neither north nor
south, I would fight him there; on the idea that if we cannot beat him when he bears
the wastage of coming to us, we never can when we bear the wastage of going to him.
This proposition is a simple truth, and is too important to be lost sight of for a
moment. In coming to us, he tenders us an advantage which we should not waive.
We should not so operate as to merely drive him away. As we must beat him some
where, or fail finally, we can do it, if at all, easier near to us than faraway. If we
cannot beat the enemy where he now is, we never can, he again being within the in-
trenchments of Richmond.

Recurring to the idea of going to Richmond on the inside track, the facility df
supplying from the side away from the enemy is remarkable — as it were by the dif
ferent spokes of a wheel extending from the hub towards the rim — and this whether
you move directly by the chord, or on the inside arc, hugging the Blue Ridge more

i862 LINCOLN TO MCCLELLAN.

closely. The chord line, as yon see, carries you by Aldie, Haymarket and Fredericks-
burg ; and you see how tuinpikes, railroads, and finally the Potomac by Aquia Creek,
meet you at all points from Washington. The same, only the lines lengthened a little,
if you press closer to the Blue Ridge part of the way. The gaps through the Blue
Ridge, I understand to be about the following distances from Harper's Ferry, to wit :
Vestal's, five miles ; Gregory's, thirteen ; Snicker's, eighteen ; Ashby's, twenty-eight ;
Manassas, thirty-eight; Chester's, forty-five ; and Thornton's, fifty-three. I should
think it preferrable to take the route nearest the enemy, disabling him from making an
important move without your knowledge, and compelling him to keep his forces to
gether, for dread of you. The gaps would enable you to attack if you should wish.
For a great part of the way, you would be practically between the enemy and both
Washington and Richmond, enabling us to spare you the greatest number of troops
from here. When at length running for Richn.ond ahead of him enables him to move
this way, if he does so, turn and attack him in rear. But I think he should be engaged
long before such point is reached. It is all easy, if our troops march as well as the
enemy, and it is unmanly to say they cannot do it. This letter is in no sense an
order.

Yours truly,

A. LINCOLN.

Over a month had been spent in "reorganizing" the army.
Meanwhile Lee had not been idle, for on the 2Oth he had
about seventy thousand men under his command.

It was said at the time by McClellan's supporters, that
after the close of the second Bull Run campaign, the army was
sadly demoralized — if it was not really an armed mob — and
yet, with less than a week's rest, that army marched into
Maryland and soon after fought two battles, in both of which
it was victorious. Why the long delay after Antietam ? The
enemy was certainly fewer in numbers, and much more demor
alized by defeat than the Union army was by victory. If the
U-nion army lacked good clothing, the Confederates were still
worse off.

That there were a few cowards in every regiment goes
without saying. It is also true that few men ever were
anxious to enter a battle. The great body of soldiers obey
orders and go where they are sent. The men in the ranks
were generally willing to excuse cowardice in a private soldier,
provided the unfortunate comrade could give some plausible
reason for his actions, but woe to the commissioned officer
who dared show the white feather. The lives of the men
depend largely upon the coolness — if not bravery — of their offi-

2IO THE NINTH NEW YORK. October

cers, and the private soldier has no Sympathy to waste upon
them when they prove recreant to their duty. During the
battle of Bull Run — August 2Qth and 3Oth, 1862 — two officers
of the NINTH so far forgot themselves as to go to the rear;
they were observed, but tried to justify their conduct by some
flimsy excuses. The men were determined to get rid of such
material, and about the time of the battle of Antietam the fol
lowing lines were written by a member of the regiment, and
sung by the men while in their tents in the evenings. The
desired effect was produced, for both officers resigned, and
their places were filled by braver men.

The song was sung to the tune of " Lord Lovell."

THE NINTH'S SKEDDADLER.

The Unionists and Rebels met for a fight,

A fight for the master)',
On the field of Bull Run, where every one

Was expected his duty to do, do, do,
Was expected his duty to do.

The battle was opened in glorious style,

And bullets were whistling so free,
When " our officer Gay," sneaked out of the way,

And sat 'neath, a neighboring tree, tree, tree,
And sat neath a neighboring tree.

Not a thought did he have, not a thought did he take,

Not a thought of the brave boys so near,
Who would look for his form, at dread battle's storm,

And list for his words of cheer, cheer, cheer,
And list for his words of cheer.

So off he skeddadled in two-forty time,

In two-forty time went he.
Not a look did he cast on the NINTH as it past,

On its way to join the melee, melee,
On its way to join the melee.

But soon a bomb-shell exploded near by,

Near to his chosen tree,
And the officer said, as he ducked his head,

Surely this is no place for me, me, me,
Surely this is no place for me.

HEADED TOWARDS VIRGINIA AGAIN. 211

But on the skeddaclle, his Bacon to save,

His Bacon to save went he,
So rapid his tracks, he soon reached the stacks

Of knapsacks piled under the trees, trees trees,
Of knapsacks piled under the trees.

And thus he absconded, away from the fight,
With a pain in his hack, and each knee, said he,

His face was so white, you might fancy aright,
His liver through it you could see, see, see,
His liver through it you could see.

At three o'clock in the afternoon of the 26th, in the midst
of a driving rain-storm the NINTH took its place in the
lin^ of troops headed towards the Potomac. The division
was in the rear, and the usual delays, aggravated by the
storm, were such that Sharpsburg was not reached until
after dark. Through mud and slush the column pushed on,
crossing the Antietam at Burnside's Bridge, through Rhorers-
ville, over the South Mountain by Crampton's Gap, and at ten
o'clock halted. The rain was still falling and the men sought
such shelter as the outbuildings in the neighborhood afforded.

o o

The next morning the march was continued to Burkittsville—
a short distance — where the division remained during the day
and night.

The morning of the 28th was clear and cool. The troops
marched at five o'clock, headed south, and halted near Berlin
until the 3oth. During that day the Potomac was crossed on
a pontoon bridge, and when a short distance beyond Lovetts-
ville, the command halted for the night. The enemy's cav
alry had been noticed hovering about the flanks, during the
march in Virginia, and videttes were posted a couple of miles
in advance, and the flanks well guarded when the column
halted. On the 3ist, the regiment was mustered for pay, and
inspected by General Taylor. Adjutant Strong resigned, and
was succeeded by Lieutenant Henry P. Clare, of Company D.

At nine o'clock, on the ist of November, the advance was
resumed, the column passing through the Quaker settlement
of Waterford, a neat, quiet village, and through Hamilton ;

212 THE NINTH NEW YORK. November

thence westward through Harmony Church, halting near Pur-
cellville. On Sunday, the 2nd, the chaplain of the Twelfth
Massachusetts preached to the NINTH. All day long artillery
firing was heard in the direction of Snicker's Gap. The
Union cavalry were on the right flank of the army, observing
and guarding the passes in the Blue Ridge Mountains, while
the enemy's gray-clad troopers were closely watching the boys
in blue, in their march towards the Rappahannock.

In the afternoon of the 3rd, the column moved towards the
Gap, and Snickersville was reached shortly after dark ; then
the column turned south, and, after marching a few miles more,
the tired soldiers bivouacked near Bloomfield. The waeon

train on this road was two miles long. At noon of the»4th
the troops were again in motion, and, after an eight-mile march,
a halt was ordered, and the wagon train allowed to pass. General
McClellan and staff also passed during the halt, and the Gen
eral was loudly cheered. After inarching some two miles
further the column halted for the night near Salem. While
here some members of the Twelfth Massachusetts and Six
teenth Maine made a discovery.

" * * * Halted near the residence of a rebel, Colonel Dulany, and, before the
usual order to guard property was published, some of the boys discovered supplies. In
spite of threats and muskets, arms were stacked and a rush made for the out-build
ings, boards were torn off, and out poured corn, potatoes, and salt in abundance.
As well try to stem the Mississippi as the torrent of hungry men, who, regardless of
discipline and rank, went through the buildings, bringing to light, not only food,
but ammunition, and hogsheads of salt, stored for the rebels." {History of Si.rteentk
Maine, p. 51.)

The record does not state whether any of the NINTH shared
in the plunder, if they didn't it was because they did not hear
of it in time.

On the 5th, the march was a short one, only some six miles
being covered. The wagon train ahead blocked the road
Fourteen miles were travelled on the 6th, and at night the
command halted within ten miles of Warrenton. A snow
storm greeted the men when they awoke on the 7th, but the
march was resumed ; Warrenton was passed, a short distance
to the right of the column, and about two miles beyond the
town the NINTH halted.

1 862 ON FAMILIAR GROUND ONCE MORE. 213

Since the 3rd of the month General John Gibbon had been
in command of the division, General Ricketts having been
relieved and ordered to other duty. The men regretted very
much the loss of General Ricketts, who, by his manly and
soldierly qualities, had endeared himself to all. He had been
in command of the division since June 7th of the present year;
he was an accomplished and brave soldier, and always alive to
the needs of the men in the ranks. General Gibbon was well
received, and in his selection to succeed Ricketts, the division
was most fortunate.

On the morning of the 8th, the brigade was detached from
the division, and ordered to proceed to Rappahannock Station.
Owing to a blundering guide the wrong road was taken, at the
expense of an eight-mile extra march. About one o'clock the
next morning — 9th — amid a disagreeable storm of sleet, hail
and snow, the brigade reached the designated point. The un-
military reader is left to imagine how the tired and hungry
soldiers — after a twenty-mile march — passed the remainder of
the night, A diary says that "at three o'clock the NINTH
was sent forward to assist the cavalry in picketing the river
bank, on the opposite side of which the watchful enemy were
posted. What a dreary dismal experience that was !" When
daylight enabled the NINTH to realize their surroundings, it
•was found that the brigade was in support of Bayard's cavalry.
The regiment was permitted to retire a short distance from
the river, out of gun-shot of the enemy's pickets, where, in a
piece of woods, the men managed to start fires and cook their
coffee.

During the day and night of the loth, the regiment was on
picket along the river bank. Friendly relations were estab
lished with the enemy, and exchanges of coffee and tobacco
freely made. The night was quite cold. At dress-parade on
the nth it was officially announced that General Burnside had
relieved McClellan of the command of the army. In "General
Orders, No i," of that date, Burnside assumed command.

The following1 instructions had been sent to him :

214 THE NI;NTH NEW YORK. November

HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,

Washington, D. C., Ncn>ember 5, 1862.
Major-General BuRNSlDE, Commanding :

GENERAL — Immediately on assuming command of the Army of the Potomac,
you will report the position of your troops, and what you purpose doing with them.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

H. W. HALLECK,

General-in-Chief,

General McClellan issued the following address upon re
linquishing command.

HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,

Camp near Rcctortoiun, V a., November 7, 1862.

Officers and Soldiers of the Arntv of the Potomac :

An order of the President devolves upon Major-General Burnside the command of
this army.

In parting from you I cannot express the love and gratitude I bear to you. AS an
army you have grown up under my care. In you I have never found doubt or cold
ness. The battles you have fought under my command will proudly live in our
Nation's history. The glory you have achieved, our mutual perils and fatigues, the
graves of our comrades fallen in battle and by disease, the broken forms of those whom
wounds and sickness have disabled — the strongest association which can exist among
men — unite us by an indissoluble tie. We shall ever be comrades in supporting the
Constitution of our country and the nationality of its people.

GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,

Major-General, U. S. Army.

'• Thus ended the career of McClellan as head of the Army of the Potomac — art
army which he had first fashioned, and then led in its checkered maidenly experience,
till it became a mighty host, formed to war, and baptized in fierce battles and re
nowned campaigns. * * * The moment chosen was an inopportune one ; for never
had McClellan acted with such vigor and rapidity — never had he shown so much con
fidence in himself or the army in him." (Siuintoris Army of t lie Potomac.}

There is little doubt that a mistake was made in tlve
removal of McClellan at this time. No one opposed the
measure more than Burnside himself.

McClellan says, in his Report and Campaigns, pp. 438, ct seq.:

Late on the night of the 7th I received an order relieving me from the command of
the Army of the Potomac. * * * 1 had already given orders for the movements of
the 8th and gth ; these orders were carried into effect without changes.

The position in which I left the army, as a result of the orders I had given, was
as follows :

The First. Second and Fifth corps, reserve artillery, and general headquarters at \Var-
renton ;the Ninth corps on the line of the Rappahannock, in the vicinity of Waterloo; the
Sixth corps at New Baltimore ; the Eleventh at New Baltimore, Gainesville andThorough-

1862 BURNSIDE RELIEVES McCLELLAX. 215

fare Gap ; Sickles' division of the Third corps on the Orange and Alexandria railroad,
from Manassas Junction to Warrenton Junction ; Fleasanton across the Rappahannock,
at Amisville, Jefferson, etc., with his pickets on Hazel River, facing Longstreet's, six
miles from Culpeper Court House; Bayard near Rappahannock Station.

The army was thus massed near Warrenton, ready to act in any required direction,
perfectly in hand, and in admirable condition and spirits. I doubt whether, during the
whole period that 1 had the honor to command the Army of the Potomac, it was in
such excellent condition to fight a great battle.

When I gave up the command to General Burnside, the best information in our
possession indicated that Longstreet was immediately in our front near Culpeper ;
J-ackson with one, perhaps both, of the Hills near Chester and Thornton's Gaps, with
the mass of their forces west of the Blue Ridge. The reports from General Pleas-
onton, (cavalry leader) in the advance, indicated the probability of separating the two
wings of the enemy's forces, and either beating Longstreet separately, or forcing him
to fall back, at least upon Gordonsville, to effect his junction with the rest of the
army.

With the order for Burnside to assume command of the
army came a letter from the President outlining a campaign
that seemed feasible to the administration. Burnside subse
quently submitted his plan, which conformed to the wishes of
the President. Instead of moving on the Confederate army,
the troops were to march to Fredericksburg. Some changes
were made in the composition of the Grand divisions of the
army. The right, under General Sumner, consisted of the
Second corps, General Darius N. Couch, and the Ninth
corps, General Orlando B. Willcox ; the Center, under Hooker,
of the Third corps, General George Stoneman, and the Fifth
corps, General Daniel Butterfield ; the Left under General
William B. Franklin, of the First corps, General Reynolds,
and the Sixth corps, General William F. Smith. On the loth
of the month the army numbered about one hundred and
twenty-seven thousand, of all grades.

The Sixteenth Maine — owing to the lack of proper cloth
ing, the regimental baggage being still in the rear, somewhere
in Maryland — reported a large number of men on the sick list,
so many in fact, that General Gibbon sent Surgeon Nordquist
(of the NINTH), the division Medical Inspector, to investigate
the matter. The day before the surgeon's visit some of the
Sixteenth had been observed by General Gibbon and staff
conveying a couple of bee-hives, and some other plunder, to

2l6 THE NINTH NEW YORK. November

their camp, and the General had sent an orderly after the
squad, with orders that the honey should be sent lo the
division hospital. Before the order could be officially promul
gated, however, the honey had disappeared. Major Small,
then Adjutant, in the History of the Sixteenth, thus describes
the doctor's visit :

A well-fed and sheltered division commander and staff could not appreriate our
destitute condition, and gratuitously insulted us by censuring the colonel and quarter
master. * * * Doctor Nordquist added insult to injury by remarking to Colonel
Tilclen : " Your regiment are poor soldiers, but tarn good foragers." Calling me out
he said : " Ad-ju-tant, py Got, your men tey all pe det pefore night unless you dake
dose honeys dose tam tiefs got mit 'em. You shust dake some names of dose and
send me, or I reports you to te Sheneral." " All right, Surgeon, your order shall be
obeyed. Boys, I am going for paper, and expect the names of every man who stole
honey." So in obedience to orders, names -were demanded, but I failed to find the
"tam tiefs" (as I expected and desired). On returning to my tent I passed some
Company E boys, whose smiles shone through streaks of grease and honey, as they
courteously touched their hats. On a rubber in my tent I found about ten pounds of
as delicious honey as Virginia could afford.

Orders to move were now of daily occurrence, but the NINTH
remained at Rappahannock Station until the evening- of the
1 8th. On the i6th the Twelfth Massachusetts and Sixteenth
Maine were transferred to other brigades, the Eighty-eighth

O O J O

Pennsylvania and Ninety-seventh New York taking their places.
The NINTH parted with the Massachusetts regiment — with
which it had been brigaded for eight months and a half — with
great regret. The men had become mutually attached, and the
battles in which they had fought side by side had cemented a
friendship, that, in many individual cases, lasted long after
the war closed. The Maine regiment was a new one — it
had yet to fight a first battle — composed of good material,
and on a longer acquaintance the same friendly feelings would
doubtless have been engendered.

Many of the men, thinking that the regiment would remain
stationary for the winter, began the erection of log huts, and a
number were completed about the time the next move was
made. It is said that people who are inclined towards litera
ture develope that talent whenever ease and affluence afford

i862 AS WE USED TO SING IT. 21 J

an opportunity. During the few days of comparative quiet
enjoyed by the NINTH, one of them, Samuel G. Van Norden,
of Company L, delivered himself of the following:

SONG OF THE NINTH N. Y. S. M.
Air — " T/ie Gum-Tree Canoe."

Come, gather "round, comrades, and list to my song,

And join in the chorus both loudly and long ;

For we are as merry, light-hearted a crew

As for Union e'er fought 'neath the Red, White and Blue.

Then sing away, sing, for the NINTH boys are true
To the Star Spangled Banner of Red, White and Blue.

Chorus, to be repeated.

From the Empire City our regiment came,

To fight 'gainst Secession and win us a name ;

And with Hartsuff and Hooker, and " Little Mac," too,

Will conquer or die by the Red , White and Blue.

On the field of Antietam for hours we fought,
And dearly for us was the victory bought ;
There a score of our best to this life bade adieu,
Striking bold to the last for the Red, White and Blue.

With the Twelfth and the Thirteenth from the Old Bay State,
And the Keystone Eleventh, we'll brave every fate ;
We're the " Hartsuff brigade," and we fight to subdue
The traitors who plot 'gainst the Red White and Blue.

And Hartsuff, our gallant and brave Brigadier,
Who has taught us to love him, respect and revere,
May he wear the two stars so justly his due,
And shed a new light on the Red, White and Blue.

For our brave dead in battle we let fall a tear ;
For the cowards who've left us we have but a sneer ;
While we who are present, the pledge here renew,
To conquer or die by the Red, White and Blue.

2l8 THE NINTH NEW YORK. November

CHAPTER XII.

BATTLE OF FREDERICKSBURG.

The NINTH Leaves Rappahannock Station. — Stafford Court House. — Brook's Station,
— Resignation of Lieut.-Colonel Rutherford. — Thanksgiving Day. — Moving
Towards the Rappahannock.— The Enemy on Marye's Heights. — Crossing
the River. — Situation on the Morning of the Thirteenth. — Burnside's Order to
Franklin. — The Battle on the Left of the Union line.— The NINTH Engaged. —
Major Hendrickson Wounded and the Regiment Under Command of Capt.
Moesch. — Sergeant Henderson's Account of the Battle. — Accounts by other Mem
bers of the Regiment. — Battle on the Right of Marye's .Heights. — The Failure
There. — Regimental Reports. — Extracts from Brigade and Division Reports. —
General Palfrey Quoted. — Burnside Assumes the Responsibility. — List of Casu
alties in the Regiment. — Fletcher's Chapel.

E arrival of several cavalry regiments near Rappahan
nock Station, during the i8th of November, indicated
that something was up. About dark, the NINTH was ordered
into, line, and the column moved slowly towards the east. It
was raining hard at the time, the roads were soft and miry, and
the wagons and artillery frequently became stalled in the
mud. Midnight found the regiment little more than four miles
from the starting point ; a halt was ordered, and the men made
their beds as best they could on the wet ground. Early in the
dark and dreary morning of the igth, the column was again in
motion. Morrisville, a small village seven or eight miles from
Rappahannock Station, was found deserted, and, after passing
Scott's Mills and crossing a creek, the troops bivouacked on a
hillside near the stream. It was still raining on the morn
ing of the 2Oth, but the men were obliged to wade through the
mud and slush, and towards evening halted in a piece of woods
within two miles of Stafford Court House, where the brigade
remained for two days.

Sumner's command had reached FVedericksburg on the
1 7th, and on the igth Hooker's was at Hartwood, ten miles

l862 THE ARMY MOVES.

northwest of that point. Stafford Court House is about the
same distance northeast of Fredericksburg. Burnside had ex
pected to cross the river and occupy the town as soon as his
Grand divisions were within supporting distance, but the pon
toons, which should have been on the ground by the i8th, had
not arrived, and he was compelled to wait. This delay gave
the enemy plenty of time to discover Burnside's intentions, and
to fortify the range of hills back of the town.

At eight o'clock in the morning of the 23rd, weather clear
and cold, the NINTH marched with the rest of the corps. An
other blunder on the part of a guide sent the brigade eight or
ten miles out on the wrong road, and the countermarch was
enlivened by the usual "cussin" and grumbling, by those who
were obliged to walk. At nightfall the column halted near
Brook's Station, on the Acquia Creek and FYedericksburg rail
road. Wood and water were scarce, but a pile of railroad ties
was discovered which answered admirably for fires. Powder
was plenty, and some was expended in firing a salute in honor
of the new Commander of the army.

On the 25th Lieutenant-Colonel Rutherford resigned. His
commission did not arrive in time for him to be mustered in
that rank, in the NINTH. He was the last of the original cap
tains who left New York with the regiment in May, 1861.

Thanksgiving Day, the 27th, was celebrated by a division
review under General Gibbon. The men returned to camp
with sharpened appetites, but the poverty of the neighborhood
could not supply as much as a chicken, and the men were
obliged to give such thanks as their individual consciences

o o

prompted over the coarse army rations — salt-junk, mess-pork,
hard-tack and black coffee.

On the 3d of December, the regiment moved camp about
a mile, to where wood and good water were plenty. On the
afternoon of the 5th, three inches of snow fell ; which was fol
lowed by colder weather, and a number of men were frost bitten
while on picket duty. On the Qth, the division marched about
four miles towards the Rappahannock and bivouacked in the
woods. The next day the command moved to within three miles

22O THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

of the river, and, from the movements of other bodies of troops,
it was evident that a battle was impending.

General Burnside had decided to cross the river and attack
the Confederate army in its strongly intrenched position.
The left of the Confederate line rested on the high bluffs
touching the river at a point a mile and a half above Freder-
icksburg ; thence the line ran almost south, along the ridge
known as Marye's Heights, which, opposite the town, is nearly
a mile back from the river ; thence along high ground, follow
ing the general course of the river, and about a mile and a half
distant, till the right rested at Hamilton's Crossing, a point on
the Richmond and Fredericksburg railroad, where the track is
crossed by the old Richmond stage road, about four miles be
low the town. Longstreet commanded the left wing and
Jackson the right, while Lee's headquarters were established
about midway of the line. For three weeks the enemy had
been working like beavers, and on Marye's Heights, especially,
had erected works which, ably defended, were almost impreg
nable. On the right less work had been accomplished, but
the position was a commanding one, so that an inferior force
could easily hold a superior one at bay. Lee had between sev
enty-eight and eighty thousand men waiting for the advance
of the one hundred and twelve thousand of the Union army
who were now marching to the battle.

Burnside had decided to cross his army at three points —
at the upper end of the to\vn, at the lower end, and at a
point about a mile and a half below the town. The pontoon
bridges were to be thrown over early in the morning of the
iith, the operation supported by artillery posted all along
Stafford Heights, as the ridge on the north side of the river
was called. Long before daylight the engineer corps was at
work, and for some time after sunrise the thick mist which
hung over the river screened the pontooniers ; but as soon as
the fog lifted, the enemy's sharpshooters, from the houses in
the lower end of the town along the river bank, opened and
maintained so destructive a fire that the men were driven from
the boats and the work suspended.

1862 LAVING THE PONTOONS. 221

At six o'clock General Franklin had one of his three
bridges laid below the town, General Sumner one of his two at
the upper end, while the middle bridge was only half com
pleted for the reasons just stated. Then the guns on Staf
ford Heights opened on the town in an endeavor to dislodge
the enemy, but General William Barksdale's Mississippi
Sharpshooters, from their secure positions, only laughed at the
cannonade, and when it ceased, and the bridge builders again
attempted to complete their task, they were as active as
before. Sumner succeeded in finishing his upper bridges dur
ing the day and Franklin, being but little bothered by the en
emy, completed his. The middle bridge, just below the ruins
of the railroad bridge, was the most difficult to complete, and
it was not until some of the brave men of the Seventh Michi
gan, under Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Baxter, and the Nine
teenth and Twentieth Massachussetts, of the Second corps,
crossed the river in boats — amid a storm of bullets — and drove
the enemy's sharpshooters out of their strongholds, that the
bridge was finished. It was then too late to cross more than
men enough to hold the town and the bridge-heads. How
ard's division of the Second corps was sent into the town,
while a brigade from Franklin's command crossed and held a
tete-de-pont covering their bridge heads.

Gibbon's division had marched to within a short distance
of the river early in the morning, where it halted and pre
pared a frugal breakfast. The men passed the time quietly,
listening to the cannonade and speculating upon the impend
ing battle. Nothing of importance occurred during the
night.

The fog was so heavy on the morning of the I2th, that
nothing could be seen on the opposite bank of the river until
after ten o'clock. It was then noticed that buildings in sev
eral parts of the town were on fire, caused by exploding shells
of the day before. At half-past six o'clock the NINTH had
moved to the river with the rest of the division, and at nine
o'clock crossed on the pontoon and marched to a point near
the turnpike — the old Richmond stage road.

222 THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

This position was held, with but slight change, during the
day and night. All of Summer's and Franklin's troops had
crossed during the day and over a hundred guns had accom
panied each of these commands.

On the morning of the I3th Doubleday's division of the
First corps held the extreme left of the Union line, his left
flank resting on the river, the line facing almost south ; then
came Meade's division, facing nearly west ; next Gibbon's
division, its right connecting with the left of the Sixth corps ;
to the right of the Sixth was the Ninth corps, while the Second
corps formed the right of the line, facing Marye's Heights.
Hooker's two corps were still on the north bank of the river,
but ready to reenforce either wing as occasion might require.

The Thirteenth Massachusetts was deployed as skirm
ishers a few rods in advance of the brigade line of battle, while
the enemy's skirmishers were some two hundred yards distant,
in a plowed field.

At half-past seven o'clock the following order was received
by General Franklin :

HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF POTOMAC,

December 13, 1862. — 5:55 A. M.
Major-General FRANKLIN, Commanding Left Grand Division, Army of Potomac :

General Harclie will carry this dispatch to you, and remain with you during the
day. The General commanding directs that you keep your whole command in posi
tion for a rapid 'movement down the old Richmond road, and you will send out at
once a division, at least, to below Smithfield to seize, if possible, the heights near
Captain Hamilton's on this side of the Massaponax, taking care to keep it well sup
ported and its line of retreat open. He has ordered another column of a division or
more to be moved from General Sumner's command up the plank road, to its inter
section with the telegraph road, where they will divide, with a view to seizing the
heights on both of those roads. Holding those two heights, with the heights near
Captain Hamilton's will, he hopes, compel the enemy to evacuate the whole ridge be
tween these points. I make these moves by columns distinct from each other, with a
' view of avoiding the possibility of a collision of our own forces, which might occur
in a general movement during the fog.

Two of General Hooker's divisions are in your rear, at the bridges, and will remain
there as supports.

Copies of instructions given to Generals Sumner and Hooker will be forwarded to
you by orderly very soon.

1 862 THE TROOPS FORM FOR THE FRAY. 223

You will keep your whole command ready to move at once, as soon as the fog lifts.
The watch word, which, if possible, should be given to every company, will be " Scott."
1 have the honor to be, General, very respectfully, your obedient servant.

JNO. G. PARKE,

Chief of Staff.

Upon the interpretation of this order, which he construed
as directing merely a reconnoissance in force, with one or two
divisions, hung the success of Franklin's movements.

At about nine o'clock General Meade's division was ordered
to advance, while Gibbon's division was to follow in support.
As Meade pushed forward, his left was exposed to the fire of
the Confederate artillery, but this was soon silenced by
Doubleday's guns. Meade's leading brigade sprang into the
strip of woods which here masked the railroad, crossed the
road itself and then pushed the enemy through another strip
of woods into some open ground beyond, thereby piercing and
throwing A. P. Hill's line into confusion. The brigade follow
ing did not quite reach the point gained by the leaders, owing
to a destructive fire which, passing mostly over the heads of
the line in front, cut the second line up badly. The third of
Meade's brigades to enter the contest was badly broken up by
artillery fire on its left Hank, and was compelled to retire be
fore it reached the railroad.

The enemy, driven at first, and his line broken by the gal
lant assault, soon recovered, and crowded on both flanks of
Meade's advance brigade, which was finally compelled to retire,
being aided in that delicate operation by diversions on both
flanks, on the left by a portion of Birney's division of the Third
corps, which had crossed the river as the battle opened, and
on the right by Taylor's brigade of Gibbon's division of the
First corps. During the advance of Meade's line several battle-
flags and two or three hundred prisoners were captured, but
Meade's loss was very heavy and he suffered even more while
falling back.

Taylor's brigade pressed forward towards the woods which
co sealed the enemy, until it encountered Gregg's brigade
of South Carolinans at the railroad cut, in which they were

224 THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

posted, and from which secure position they poured so destruct
ive a fire upon the advancing troops that General Taylor was
compelled to halt. This advanced position, however, was
maintained until the ammunition was nearly exhausted, when
Colonel Lyle's brigade relieved the now decimated line. The
First brigade, under Colonel Root (Ninety-fourth N. Y.), fol
lowed Lyle, coming up gallantly to the support of their com
rades of the division. In this brigade was the Sixteenth
Maine, and this was its maiden battle. That it fought well, and
sustained the honor of the Pine Tree State, is attested by the
heavy loss in killed and wounded. But Colonel Root's brigade,
too, was finally compelled to fall back, and then Franklin's part
in the battle was, at about half-past two o'clock, practically ended.
The total loss in the First corps was upwards of four thousand.
General Gibbon was wounded early in the engagement and
General Taylor assumed command of the division. Major
Hendrickson, in command of the NINTH, was severely wounded
in the leg during the advance, and was succeeded by Captain
Moesch, who was also wounded during the engagement.

From a diary kept by Sergeant Henderson, of Company E,
who was mortally wounded on June 2nd, 1864, the following
account is taken :

" On the morning of the I3th we advanced towards some woods where the enemy
were posted, and after reaching the center of a large plowed held between the turnpike
and the river, we halted, and the Thirteenth Massachusetts were thrown out as skirm
ishers, one hundred yards in advance of the line. The enemy were about two hundred
yards distant from our skirmishers. We lay in the mud for live hours, exposed to a
terrible fire of shell, while the rebel sharpshooters picked off our men whenever they
got a chance. In the afternoon we were ordered to advance. We marched forward and
opened fire on the enemy who were posted in the railroad cut — there just deep enough
to form an excellent rifle pit- and upon the hillside back of the railroad. The enemy
opened on us with their cannon and musketry, making a terrible slaughter in our
ranks. It was impossible to advance, as our boys fell as 'fast as they attempted it.
About six feet to the right of where I lay, two men were killed by a shell which
took the head off one and passed through the body of another, while between them
and me a Lieutenant was shot through the head by a sharpshooter. The enemy's
rirle pits were in tiers, one above the other, on the hillside beyond the railroad, and on
the crest was their artillery.

" As soon as the brigade in our rear came up, what was left of ours fell back taking
our wounded with us. Our regiment was in the most exposed position, and the poor
old NINTH was atrain slaughtered. We went into the fight with two hundred and

BATTLE OF

FREDERICKSBURG

DEC. 13 1862

1862 BATTLE OF FREDERICKSBURG. 225

ninety-two officers and men, and the loss in killed and wounded was one hundred and
thirty, including eight officers. Company E took in twenty-six, all told, and lost the
Lieutenant commanding and twelve men; there were only two men who came
out with their persons or clothing untouched by bullets, and I was one of them."

From a description of the regiment's part in the battle,
written by another member and printed in the New York
Mercury, we extract the following :

" By eight A. M., slowly and steadily we advanced across an open field, the damp,
clayey soil adhering to our feet in such misses as to seriously impede our progress,
the rebel skirmishers all the time pouring a galling fire into our ranks, while they slowly
fell back to the woods. The place was growing uncomfortably warm, so slow was
the advance, when bang ! whiz ! bang ! a shell from the right tore through two men
and then exploded, prostrating the colors and their guard. Halt ! Lie down! was the
order. Then the artillery in rear of the line and the skirmishers in front went to work
on the enemy ; the railroad cut, woods and hill beyond, were swarming with gray-
backs, whose fire was most destructive, killing and maiming many as they lay on the
ground — such butchery could not be longer withstood — a charge is ordered — ' On to
glory,' cries out the wounded commanding officer, Acting-Colonel Hendrickson, he
being unable to move, as his boys moved to the charge. It was not fully successful,
.but the brigade on the left reached the woods."

Another comrade recalls the following incident : " While

some of the NINTH were carrying a wounded officer off the
field, one of the number discovered a flask in the wounded
man's pocket, which, upon examination, was found to be about
half full of whiskey. The party were yet within range of the
enemy's bullets, but nevertheless stopped, laid their burden
upon the ground and offered him a drink ; he was too much
•exhausted to appreciate what was being done for him, and the
men, fearing that the "skie," if not disposed of at once, might
fall into strange hands and tickle less appreciative throats,
deliberately drank the contents, and then proceeded to the
rear with their charge."

After dark, volunteers from the regiment went over the
field, between the lines, and brought in all the wounded that
could be found. The party carried stretchers and lanterns,
and were unmolested by the enemy. The regiment passed
the night near Deep Run.

A short review will now be given of the battle that
occurred on the right, opposite the town : Soon after Frank-
Jin's attack began, General Sumner was ordered to attack the

226 THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

enemy posted on Marye's Heights. This duty fell to the lot
of the Second corps, under General* Couch, Getty's division,
and a part of Sturgis' division of the Ninth corps, Willcox's
division bein^ held in reserve. French's division of the
Second corps led the attack, moving towards the enemy by
the plank and the telegraph roads. Hancock's division fol
lowed. As the Union troops marched through the streets of
the town to form line on the outskirts, many were hit by the
enemy's artillery fire. A little rise of ground outside the town
sheltered the line for a few moments, and enabled the
commanders to form their divisions, and then a charge wa^
ordered.

When within musket range of the enemy's first line, both
artillery and rifles enfiladed the right flank of the advancing
troops. The Confederates had posted their advanced line
behind a stone wall, along the telegraph road, at the foot of
Marye's Hill, and, 'as the brave men of French's and Hancock's
divisions rushed toward that point, they were mowed down by
hundreds. Howard's division of the same corps was. now sent
forward as a support to the others, while those portions of the
Ninth corps, mentioned above, advanced on the left of the
Second. Getty moved directly towards the stone wall, fol
lowed by Sturgis, but they were both beaten back.

Hooker was now ordered to send over what reserve troops
he had, and Humphrey's division of the Fifth corps was
ordered in, with empty muskets, to carry the stone wall at the
point of the bayonet. He made a gallant assault, but flesh
and blood could not withstand the torrent of lead that met his
brave soldiers, and they, too, were compelled to fall back.

By this time night had kindly dropped her sable curtain
and put an end to the useless sacrifice. Burnside, however,
Avas not satisfied, and, during the hours of darkness, massed
the Ninth corps in the town with the intention of leading it in
person against the enemy as soon as daylight appeared. At
the earnest solicitations of his subordinate General officers he
finally gave up the plan, and thus another slaughter was
averted.

I 362 DKTKAT AND RETREAT. 22 /

The Union loss was over twelve thousand in killed,
wounded and missing, while the. Confederates lost less than
half that number. (5,377)-

The NINTH regiment remained stationary till about four
o'clock in the morning — 14-th — when the whole division moved

off to the left in support of Doubleday's line, which still occu
pied the extreme left (lank of the army. A brisk skirmish fire
was kept up nearly all day, but there was no advance of any
bodies of troops. Nothing of any importance occurred during
the 15th, and shortly after dark the troops began to recross the
river; so quietly was the operation performed that, although
the enemy may have suspected the movement, there was little
to indicate what was actually taking place. By daylight of
the 1 6th the troops were all on the north side and the bridges
taken up.

It is needless to say that the men were very much discour
aged by the miserable failure. Complaints of Burnside's in-
competency were heard on all sides — except, perhaps, in the
Ninth corps, whose men blamed Hooker and Franklin for not
rendering better support to the plans of the commanding gen
eral. The weather was cold, and a rain-storm — the usual after
piece to a battle — rendered the condition of- the men very un
comfortable. When soldiers have been defeated in battle, and
are hungry and cold withal, it is an easy matter for them to
find fault with every one in authority, from the President down
to the ratioh-sergeants of their companies. The wounded had
been well cared for, and vrere finally sent to the hospitals at
Alexandria and Washington. A detail from the brigade was
sent over the river during the clay, under a flag of truce, to bury
the dead that remained on the field.

Following is the report of Captain Moesch, and extracts
from those of the brigade and division commanders :

Near Falmouth, Va., December 18, 1862.

SIR — The NINTH Regiment. New York State Militia, of the Third Brigade, Second
Division, First Army Corps, crossed the Rappahannock River on Friday, the I2th
instant, at nine A. M. The regiment was marched to the left of the line of battle,
•where it remained under arms for the night.

228 THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

Early on Saturday morning it advanced in line of battle, for the purpose of en
gaging the enemy. The regiment was commanded by Major John Hendrickson,
and took into the action twelve officers and two hundred and eighty men. After being
engaged for thirty minutes, the regiment was relieved, and came off the field with a
loss of one officer (Lieut. Felix Hirt, Company H) and eight enlisted men killed ; also'
five officers and one hundred and sixteen enlisted men wounded.

In merit to those who distinguished themselves on this occasion I would respectfully
mention the name of Major John Hendrickson, acting Colonel, who, while urging on
his men in the most gallant manner, was seriously wounded, and carried from the
field.

The command then devolved on Capt. Joseph A. Moesch, acting Lieutenant-Colo
nel, who was particularly noticed by the officers and men for bravery exhibited through
out the fight ; and, though wounded, still remained in command, cheering on his men
until relieved by another brigade (the Second).

The regiment then fell to the rear, for the purpose of re-forming. Captain M-oesch's-
wound being of such a painful nature, he was forced to turn over the command to
senior Lieut. Isaac E. Hoagland. After a rest of a few hours, the regiment was
again ordered to the front, on the extreme left of the line of battle, where they bivouacked
until the night of Monday, the i$th instant. During the intervening time, Lieutenant
Hoagland was relieved, by permission of the Colonel commanding the brigade. The
command then devolved upon First Lieut. Henry P. Clare, in which capacity he acted
until relieved by Capt. Joseph A. Moesch, who had so far recovered from the effects of
his wound as to be once more enabled to take command of the regiment.

Great credit is due Capt. Angus Cameron, of Company F, for the able manner in
which he performed the duties devolving on him as acting Major. In the first part of
the engagement he was severely wounded, and carried from the field. Also to Lieut.
Thomas Layton, of Company E, acting Adjutant, who fell, mortally wounded, and has
since died.

I cannot give too much praise to both officers and men of the command for their
bravery and steadiness while under the galling fire of the enemy, and for the manner
in which they obeyed every order emanating from their superior officers.

J. A. MOESCH,

Captain Commanding NINTH New York State Militia*
CAPT. W. T. HARTZ,

Assistant Adjutant-General, Third Brigade.

Inasmuch as the above report contains a very flattering
allusion to the officer whose name is appended, it is quite evi
dent that it must have been written by the Adjutant or some
other officer, and presented to Captain Moesch, who signed
without reading it.

Extract from report of General Nelson Taylor :

Line of battle was formed about two miles southeast from Fredericksburg, parallel to
the Bowling Green road, but south of it before advancing. The regiments in the fol
lowing order : the left — Eleventh Pennsylvania, Eighty-third New York, Ninety-
seventh New York, Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania — the right ; with the Thirteenth

1862 REPORTS, ETC. 229

Massachusetts thrown out as skirmishers. At one P. M. again advanced. The enemy
seemed to concentrate the mo t of his fire on the two regiments on the left, the
Eleventh Pennsylvania and the Eighty-third New York; which, from casualties, and
other causes, soon melted away, when the second brigade, commanded by Colonel
Lyle, was advanced, and took their places on the left of the regiments on the right, the
Ninety-seventh New York and Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania, which regiments were
moved to the right to unmask. The division left the field at two-thirty P. M.

General John Gibbon says in his report :

The Second division was on the right of the First corps and the left of the Sixth.
Taylor's brigade advanced at nine A. M. Lyle's moved next, Root last. I ordered
Taylor forward when a severe fire was at once opened upon it by the enemy, posted
beyond a railroad embankment, and in the woods. The left of Taylor's line was sub
jected to the heaviest fire, and was thrown into confusion. Lyle's brigade, except
Twelfth Massachusetts, all retired in confusion. Root's brigade, joined by the Twelfth
Massachusetts and remnants of other regiments, advanced at a charge, taking the posi
tion which was held some time. One hundred and eighty prisoners were captured.

From General Palfrey's Antictam and Fredcricksburg,
pages 154 and 181, the following is taken :

General Franklin was practically ruined as a soldier by the battle of Fredericks-
burg and his connection with it, but so far as any accessible evidence enables one to
judge, he was most unjustly blamed. The fault was in the orders, and not in any
failure on Franklin's part to understand them or obey them. * * * To defeat Jack
son, with the men he had and the ground he held, would have been a desperately
difficult enterprise, for Franklin. * * * With a loss of only two men for Sumner's
three, there was inflicted upon the enemy more than twice as much loss ; Longstreet (on
the 1 3th) losing 1,555 '•> Jackson, 3,415.

The correspondent of the London Times, at Lee's headquarters, wrote that the
day would be memorable to the historian. From it would date the " Decline and Fall "
of the American Republic, — that an attack by the bravest disciplined troops of Europe
could not have succeeded.

The following letter is of interest ; it shows that General
Burnside had the moral courage to assume all responsibility
for the failure :

HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,

Falmonth, Dec., 17, i86c.
To Major-General HALLECK, Gencral-in-Chicf of the Armies of the United States,

Washington :

GENERAL : — I have the honor to offer the following reasons for moving the Army
of the Potomac across the Rappahannock sooner than was anticipated by the Presi
dent, Secretary of War and yourself, and for crossing at a point different from the one
indicated to you at our last meeting at the President's.

230 THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

During my preparations for crossing at the place I had first selected, I discovered
that the enemy had thrown a large portion of his force down the river and elsewhere,
thus weakening his defences in front, and also thought 1 discovered that he did not
anticipate the crossing of our whole force at Fredericksburg. And I hoped by rapidly
throwing the whole command over at that place to separate, by a vigorous attack, the
forces of the enemy on the river below from the forces behind and on the crest in the
rear of the town, in which case \\e could fight him with great advantage in our favor.

To do this \ve had to gain a height on the extreme right of the crest, which height
commanded a new road lately made by the enemy for the purpose of more rapid
communication along his lines, which point gained, his positions along the crest would
have been scarcely tenable, and he would have been driven from them easily by an
attack on his front in connection with a movement in the rear of the crest.

How near we came of accomplishing our object future reports will show. But for
the fog and unexpected and unavoidable delay in building the bridges, which gave
the enemy twenty-four hours more to concentrate his forces in his strong positions, we
would almost certainly have succeeded, in which case the battle would have been, in
my opinion, far more.decisive than if we had crossed at the places first selected. As it
was, we came very near success.

Failing to accomplish the main object, we remained in order of battle two days,
long enough to decide that the enemy would not come out of his stronghold to fight us
with his infantry, after which we recrossed to this side of the river unmolested, and
without the loss of men or property.

As the day broke, our long lines of troops were seen marching to their different
positions as if going on parade. Not the least demoralization or disorganization ex
isted.

To the brave officers and soldiers who accomplished the feat of thus recrossing the
river in the face of the enemy, I owe everything. For the failure in the attack I am
responsible, as the extreme gallantry, courage and endurance shown by them was
never exceeded, and would have carried the points had it been possible.

To the families and friends of the dead I can only offer my heartfelt sympathies,
but for the wounded I can offer my earnest prayers for their comfort and final re>-
covery.

The fact that I decided to move from V/arrenton on to this line, rather against the
opinion of the President, Secretaiy of War and yourself, and that you left the
whole movement in my hands without giving me orders, makes me responsible.

I will visit you very soon and give you more definite information, and finally I will
send you my detailed report, in which a special acknowledgement will be made of the
services of the different grand divisions, corps and my general and personal staff, of
the departments of the Army of the Potomac, to whom I am much indebted for their
hearty support and cooperation.

1 will add here that the movement was made earlier than you expected, and after
the President, Secretary of War and yourself requested me not to be in haste, for the
reason that we were supplied much sooner by the different staff departments than was
anticipated when I last saw you.

Our killed amounted to one thousand one hundred and fifty-two, our wounded to
about nine thousand, and our prisoners seven hundred, which last have been paroled
and exchanged for about the same number taken by us. The wounded were all re
moved to the side of the river, and are being well cared for, and the dead were all
buried, under a flag of truce. The surgeons report a much larger proportion of slight
Revised statement : killed, 1,284; wounded, 9,600 ; captured, 1,769=12,653.

1 362 LOSS AT FREDERICKSBURG. 231

wounds than usual, only one thousand six hundred and thirty being treated in hospi
tals.

I am glad to represent the army at the present time in good condition.
Thanking the (Government for that entire support and confidence which I have
always received from them, I remain, General,

Very respectfully,

Your obedient servant,

A. E. BURNSIDE.
Major-General Commanding Army of Potomac.

The loss in the regiment was three officers killed, or died

of wounds, and five wounded ; of enlisted men, thirty-two killed
or died of wounds, eighty-four wounded, and six missing ;
total, one hundred and thirty.

List of killed, and the officers wounded, as follows :

OFFICERS KILLED, OR DIED OF WOUNDS.

First Lieutenants, Felix Hirt, Company B ; Henry Osgood,
Company D ; Second Lieutenant Thomas Layton, Company E.

OFFICERS WOUNDED.

Major John Hendrickson ; Captains, Joseph A. Moesch,
Company B ; Angus Cameron, Company F ; First Lieutenant
George E. Allen, Company I ; Second Lieutenant Thomas
W. Quirk, Company A.

ENLISTED MEN KILLED, OR DIED OF WOUNDS.

Company A — First Sergeant James M. Williams ; Pri
vates, Silas J. Beckwith, Worthington Hodgkinson, James H.
Rabell.

Company B— Corporal Eugene Braillard ; Privates, Alex
ander Asal, Edward Briener, Patrick Kelly, George Smith,
James Wisdom.

Company C — Corporal Peter Egan ; Privates, John Bierau,
Clarence F. Tyson.

Company D — Privates, James Askwith, John Butler.

Company E — Privates, Augustus Faton, Albert Lewis,
John Malone, David A. Morgan.

Company F — Sergeant John Henner.

Company G — Private George P. Reuss.

232 THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

Company H — Private James Walsh.

Company I — Sergeant John Knipe ; Privates, Samual B.
Jones, John P. Jordan, Lucien N. Tower.

Company L — Privates, William S. Bailey, John T. Bell,
Charles Connor, William Craig, Jeremiah Osborn, Charles
Skinner.

On the iQth the corps marched to Fletcher's Chapel, near
Belle Plain, on the Potomac, about twelve miles from the Rap-
pahannock. General John C. Robinson was assigned to the
command of the division. It was thought that there would be
no more campaigning until Spring, and the men began to fix up
winter quarters. On the 22nd, a mail arrived, and the news
papers were eagerly scanned for reports and descriptions of the
recent battle. On this day, too, the President issued the fol
lowing message to the army. It shows again the sympathy
felt for the soldiers by the Head of the Nation :

EXECUTIVE MANSION,

Washington, Dec. 22, 1862.
To the Army of the Potomac :

I have just read your commanding general's report of the battle of Fredericksburg.
Although you were not successful, the attempt was not an error, nor the failure other
than accident. The courage with which you, in an open field, maintained the contest
against an intrenched foe, and the consummate skill and success with which you crossed
and recrossed the river, in the face of the enemy, showed that you possess all the
qualities of a great army, which will yet give victory to the cause of the country and of
popular government. Condoling with the mourners for the dead, and sympathizing
with the severely wounded, I congratulate you that the number of both is compara
tively so small.

I tender to you, officers and soldiers, the thanks of the nation.

A. LINCOLN,

1862 A GLOOMY NEW YEARS DAY. 233

CHAPTER XIII.

THE CHANCELLORSVILLE CAMPAIGN.

A Gloomy New Year's Day. — Emancipation. — Resignation of Colonel Stiles. — The
" Mud Campaign." — Exit Burnsicle. — Enter Hooker. — The President's Letter of
Instructions. — Hooker's Success in Reorganization. — Petition of the NINTH. —
Corps Badges. — The Army Moves. — Operations of the Right Wing. — The Left
Wing. — The NINTH at Chancellorsville. — The Second of May. — NINTH on the
Skirmish Line. — Hooker's Instructions to Slocum and Howard. — Rout of the
Eleventh Corps. — Sedgwick's Battle. — Fighting on the Third. — Sedgwick Driven
Across the River. — The Army on the North Bank of the Rappahannock.

'T'HE ist of January, 1863, found the NINTH in winter quar
ters at Fletcher's Chapel, about four miles from Belle
Plain. With ranks depleted by reason of the casualties inci
dent to active campaigning, there were hardly men enough
"present for duty" te form a good-sized company. The
future looked dark and gloomy to those who thought seri
ously of the situation.

The following extracts from a letter written this day, by
Sergeant Henderson, of Company E, to his mother, will give
a good idea of how some of the best men felt :

The holidays have been dreary days to me. As the few of us that are left have
gathered around our camp-fires we have missed the merry laugh and jokes of many of
our old companions who were with us a few weeks ago. It makes us sad to think of
them as we saw them last. There was a young man that messed and slept with me,
who was a quiet, good-hearted, affectionate boy. I learned to love him as .a brother.
I missed him in the fight and have not seen him since. I looked for him on the field
and in the hospitals, but could not find him. Since we came across the river I saw a
man that said he was wounded, and another that he had seen a grave with his name
on it. So my old chum is gone. Oh ! how I would have liked to t.ave been with him
and nursed him until he died. If we knew that we were doing some good we would
be satisfied, but when we see our companions slaughtered through the ignorance and
blunders of officers we have reason to complain.

As I look back upon the past year I see much, very much, to be thankful for. I
have been preserved in health and strength while so many have suffered from disease
and wounds, and died. And I am very thankful that the loved ones at home have

234 THE XINTH -XEW YORK. January

been kept through another year. Above all I am thankful that in the blessed Saviour I
have a friend that can sympathize with me in all trials and troubles, and that He is
able and willing to hear and answer my prayers and do that which is best for me. We
have had one sermon preached in our regiment since we left Warrenton in August.
I don't know what has become of our Chaplain. When we were at Brook's Station
there were a few of us held prayer-meetings in one of our lieutenant's tents. We had
a prayer-meeting a few nights before we crossed the Rappahannock ; there were only
eight present, but it was a good meeting and every one present felt it was good to be
there. Of the eight that met that night three were killed and one wounded at Fred-
ericksburg. It is a pleasure to know that, as they loved Jesus, they are now in that
Happy Land where all is peace and joy. * * * I think of you all very often, and hope
the time may soon come when I may meet father, mother, brothers and sisters once
more at home ; but God's will be done.

On this day, too, President Lincoln issued his proclama
tion calling attention to the Emancipation Proclamation of the
2nd of September, and thus the good work of redeeming from
slavery — as far as it lay in his power — the blacks of the South,
was advanced. The proclamation is given in full :

BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.
A PROCLAMATION.

WHEREAS, on the twenty-second day of September, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, a proclamation was issued by the President of
the United States containing, among other things, the following, to wit :

That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hun
dred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of
a State, the people whereof shall then be,in rebellion against the United States, shall
be then, thenceforward, and forever free ; and the executive government of the United
States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain
the freedom of such persons, and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or
any of them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom.

That the Executive will, on the first day of January aforesaid, by proclamation,
designate the States and parts of Slates, if any, in which the people thereof respectively
shall then bj i.i rebellion against the United States ; and the fact that any State or the
people thereof shall on that day be in good faith represented in the Congress of the
United States by members chosen thereto at elections wherein a majority of the quali
fied voters of such States shall have participated, shall, in the absence of strong coun-
tervailing*testimony, be deemed conclusive evidence that such State and. the people
thereof are not then in rebellion against the United States.

Now therefore I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, in virtue of
the power in me vested, as Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the United
States in time of actual armed rebellion against the authority and Government of the
United States, and as a fit and necessary war measure for suppressing said rebellion,
do, on this first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred
and sixty-three, and in accordance with my purpose so to do, publicly proclaimed for
the full period of one hundred days, from the first day above mentioned, order and
designate as the States and parts of States wherein the people thereof respectively are
this day in rebellion against the United States, the following, to wit :

1863 SLAVERY ABOLISHED. 235

Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana (except the parishes of Saint Bernard, Plaquemines,
Jefferson, Saint John, Saint Charles, Saint James, Ascension, Assumption, Terre
Bonne, La Fourche, Saint Marie, Saint Martin, and Orleans, including the city of New
Orleans), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and
Virginia (except the forty-eight counties designated as West Virginia, and also the
counties of Berkeley, Accomac, Northampton, Elizabeth City, York, Princess Ann, and
Norfolk, including the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth), and which excepted parts
are for the present left precisely as if this proclamation were not issued.

And by virtue of the power, and for the purpose aforesaid, I do order and declare
that all persons held as slaves within said designated States and parts of States are
and henceforward shall be free; and that the executive government of the United
States, including the military and naval authorities thereof, will recognize and maintain
the freedom of said persons.

And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to be free to abstain from all
violence except in necessary self-defense ; and I recommend to them that in all cases,
when allowed, they labor faithfully for reasonable wages.

And I further declare and make known that such persons, of suitable conditions,
will be received into the armed service of the United States, to garrison forts, positions,
stations, and other places, and to man vessels of all sorts in said service.

And upon this act, sincerely believed to be an act of justice, warranted by the Con
stitution, upon military necessity. I invoke the considerate judgment of mankind and
the gracious favor of Almighty God.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my name and caused the seal of the
United States to be affixed.

Done at the city of Washington this first day of January, in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, and of the Independence of
the United States the eighty-seventh.

ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
By the President :

WILLIAM H. SEWARD,

Secretary of State.

A few of the officers in the army made this proclamation a
pretext for resigning their commissions, and a number of the
men, too, were very much opposed to the measure, but the
great majority were well pleased.

On the 2nd, a brigade drill was ordered and when the com-

mand was in line there were not men enough carrying muskets
to form one respectable sized regiment. The ground being
frozen hard the movements were well and promptly executed.
Little of interest occurred until the 12th, when the division was
reviewed by General Robinson. The usual routine of picket
and outpost duty was performed by the NINTH, but there was
little variation from day to day. Occasional flurries of snow
and some exceedingly cold days caused the men to appreciate

236 THE NINTH NEW YORK. January

their comfortable quarters, and to pity the poor fellows whose
turn of duty kept them out in the open air.

Owing to continued ill-health, Colonel Stiles was obliged to
resign, and on the iqth he took leave of the reo-iment. He

o • -/ o

was succeeded by Lieutenant-Colonel Hendrickson ; Captain
Joseph A. Moesch was promoted Lieutenant-Colonel, and
Captain Dabney \V. Diggs, of the One Hundred and Thirty-
second N. Y. volunteers — late a Corporal of Company C, of
the NINTH — was made Major.

Colonel John W. Stiles joined the Third regiment, N. Y.
S. artillery, as a private, May i8th, 1829; promoted First
Lieutenant, December 26th, 1833 ; Adjutant, October iSth,
1836; Major, June 3rd; Lieutenant-Colonel, November
iSth, 1844; Colonel, May 25th, 1846. On the 2;th of July,
1847, by orders from Adjutant-General's office, the Third
regiment was re-numbered and designated as the Eighth, N.
Y. S. M., and was also known as the " Washington Grays." Col
onel Stiles resigned November i5th, 1848. He was elected
Colonel of the NINTH May i6th, 1861.

By the iSth, General Burnside had matured his plans for
another movement against the enemy, much to the disgust
of the men, who preferred their snug quarters to an Active cam
paign at this season of the year. The order was given to pack
up on the igth, the first troops were put in motion at noon of
the 2Oth, when division line was formed and the march began.

At this time it was evident to the men that a change in the
weather was about to occur. One of the members of the
NINTH says : " Burnside's order had stated that we were going
to meet the enemy. We looked at the clouds and guessed that
all the enemy we should meet would be mud." The column
headed towards Falmouth, near which place the men halted
at eleven o'clock. At half-past eight the next morning the
march was resumed; but the rain, which began to fall during
the niijht, soon increased in violence, and when at noon the

column halted the roads were already deep with mud. Banks'
Ford was only two miles off, and it was soon learned that
Burnside's intention was to cross the Rappahannock at that

1863 THE MUD CAMPAIGN. 237

point, and then move down upon the left flank of Lee's army.
Banks' Ford is about six miles above Fredericksburg, and in
order to approach it with a large number of men, roads had
been cut through the woods ; while to mask the real point of
crossing, cavalry expeditions had been sent to various other
places to divert the attention of the enemy. But the Confed
erates were not long in divining the intentions of the Union
General. During the night troops had been massed opposite
the Ford, and at daylight Lee was prepared to dispute the
crossing, which Burnside was in no condition to make, for, in
stead of a hundred pontoon boats which should have been on
the river bank at daylight, only about a dozen were there—
not enough to construct one bridge.

The night's rain had made deplorable havoc with the roads ; but herculean efforts
were made to bring pontoons enough into position to build a bridge or two withal.
Double and triple teams of horses and mules were harnessed to each boat ; but it was
in vain. Long stout ropes were then attached to the teams, and a hundred and fifty
men put to the task on each. The effort was but little more successful. Floundering
through the mire for a few feet, the gang of Lilliputians \vith their huge ribbed Gulli
ver, were forced to give over, breathless. Night arrived, but the pontoons could not
be got up. and the enemy's pickets, discovering what was going on, jocularly shouted
out their intention to " come over to-morrow and help build the bridge." (Swinton's
Army of the Potomac.}

The moment the storm began, the rank and file of the army
were convinced that the movement could not be executed, and
to persist in the attempt seemed to them like a useless sacrifice ;
consequently, the men had no heart to continue their disagree
able labors. The "mud march" was prolific of an endless
column of adventures and mishaps. The men staggered and
reeled as they endeavored to maintain their footing in the
sticky mud. As a comrade sank up to his knees, he declared
that the bottom had fallen out of the dear country.

In describing the affair, a member of the regiment wrote:
" Our brigade got separated from the division and we stood
in the road about two hours. There was a large wood to the
left of the road; so our boys went there and built fires, and
such fires ! None but old campaigners could make them. The
drenching rain could not put them out. We remained there

238 THE NINTH NEW YORK. January

until the morning, when we again pushed on through the mud
to within a mile of the Rappahannock. ' ' It continued to
rain all day and night and it was impossible to get the wagon
train and artillery along. I saw sixteen horses attached to
one twelve-pounder, and it was as much as they could do to get
it along."

Burnside's "Virginny Reel" will long be remembered by
those who took part in the exciting dance.

The morning of the 23rd found the infantry columns re
tracing their steps to the old camps. The NINTH reached
their quarters at Fletcher's Chapel late at night, tired, hungry
and thoroughly disgusted with another failure. How the
artillery and baggage wagons regained their camps, those in
charge can tell ; many caissons and wagons were left where
they happened to be stuck, and it was a week or more before
some were extricated.

On the 25th, the regiment numbered 172 men "present,"
of whom 129 were ready for duty, equipped.

Ever since the battle of Fredericksburg General Burnside
had been anxious to resign the command of the army. He
believed that he had not been properly- supported by some
of his subordinate generals, and had so reported to the War
Department, recommending, at the same time, the dismissal of
those he believed the most guilty. His recommendations were
not heeded, however, and he was induced to continue in com
mand. After this last failure he again renewed his request to
be relieved, and on the 28th was succeeded by General Hooker.

When the new leader entered upon his difficult task he re
ceived the following characteristic letter from the President :

EXECUTIVE MANSION,

Washington, D. C.,Jan. 26, 1863.
Major-General HOOKER:

GENERAL — I have placed you at the head of the Army of the Potomac. Of
course I have done this upon what appears to me to be sufficient reasons, and yet I
think it best for you to know that there are some things in regard to which I am not
quite satisfied with you. I believe you to be a brave and skillful soldier, which, of
course, I like. I also believe you do not mix politics with your profession, in which you
are right. You have confidence in yourself, which is a valuable, if not an indispens
able, quality. You are ambitious, which within reasonable bounds, does good rather
than harm ; but I think, that, during Gen. Burnside's command of the army, you have

1 863 LINCOLN TO HOOKER. 239

taken counsel of your ambition, and thwarted him as much as you could, in which you
did a great wrong to the country and to a most meritorious and honorable brother
officer. I have heard, in such a way as to believe it, of your recently saying that both
the army and the government needed a dictator. Of course it was not for this, but in
spite of it, that I have given you the command.

Only those generals who gain successes can set up dictators. What I now ask of
you is military success, and I will risk the dictatorship. The government will support
you to the utmost of its ability, which is neither mote nor less than it has done and
will do for all commanders. I much fear that the spirit which you have aided to
infuse into the army, of criticising their commander and withholding confidence from
him, will now turn upon you. I shall assist you, as far as I can, to put it down.
Neither you, nor Napoleon, if he were alive again, could get any good out of an army
while such a spirit prevails in it. And now beware of rashness. Beware of rashness,
but with energy and sleepless vigilance go forward and give us victories.

Yours very truly,

A. LINCOLN.

The rest of the winter was devoted by General Hooker to
a reorganization of the army. The grand division system was
abolished. Early in February the Ninth corps left the Army
of the Potomac, and did not return again till the spring of
1864. After attending to the wants of the men in camp, Gen
eral Hooker also granted numerous furloughs for brief periods,
and by this means stopped, to a great degree, the crime of
desertion, which had become almost epidemic among the rank
and file, and the hardly less criminal resignations among the
officers. With plenty to eat, good clothing, and — for soldiers
in the field — comfortable quarters, the army was soon in good
condition again.

On the 3Oth, Major Diggs reported for duty and, in the
temporary absence of the two senior officers, assumed com
mand of the regiment.

On the 2nd of February, Colonel Samuel H. Leonard, of
the Thirteenth Massachusetts, assumed command of the bri
gade, General Taylor having resigned. The men had become
much attached to the General, on account of his high soldierly
qualities. He had been promoted on September 7th, 1862,
from Colonel of the Seventy-second N. Y. Vols., and, during
his brief career as a brigadier, had won the respect and esteem
of all the regiments under his command.

A diary at hand lias this entry, under date of February
loth: "Received our first loaf of bread in six months; bri-

240 THE NINTH NEW YORK. March

gade bakeries being another of the new things under G^n-
eral Hooker." Hard-tack, as the army cracker was called
was good substantial food, but no one will deny that slight
variations of the form in which the staff-of-life was supplied
to the soldier in the field, was a perfect god-send. No won
der the event found a place in the soldier's diary.

It was at this time, too, that Corps badges were generally
worn. Nothing was left undone by General Hooker to make
his army the best in the world. In sympathy with this idea,
the officers of the NINTH determined to do their utmost to
make the regiment one of the best in the army. Recruiting
for regiments in the field was, at this time, at a low ebb.
Governor Andrew, of Massachusetts, told the truth, when he
said that no recruits for an old regiment could be enlisted
so long as there was a shoemaker in the State who desired a
captaincy. New regiments were being formed because of the
official positions offered. These regiments entered the service
—to all intents and purposes — as green as those who fought
at Bull Run in 1861. Had the material of which they were
composed been distributed among the old regiments, how
much more efficient would the army have been ! The officers
of the NINTH, realizing this fact, wished to fill up its ranks,
and to this end forwarded the following :

HEADQUARTERS

Fletcher s Chapel, Va., March 3, 1863.
To Hon. E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War.

The undersigned officers of the 83 N. Y. Vols. (gth N. Y. S. M.) would most
respectfully represent, that by the casualties of the campaigns this command has
become much reduced, having been in active service since the early part of the war.

And, therefore, we would most respectfully and earnestly request that " if consis-
*tent," the regiment may be ordered to rendezvous in the vicinity of New York City
(where it was raised) or near Washington, for the purpose of recruiting to the max
imum strength ; which we are confident could be accomplished in a short period of
time, the regiment having a reputation for gallantry and faithful service second to
none that left that city.

P or a portion of the history of its services in the field, let the Official Reports of
Battles of Cedar Mountain, Bull-Run 2nd, South Mountain, Antietam and Fredericks-
burg testify.

Strength leaving New York City, 900. Recruits received, 500.

1863 PETITION OF THE NINTH. 241

The present strength of the regiment may be summed up as follows :
Present for duty, 166 ; absent, wounded and sick, 144; on detached service, 91.
Total strength, 401.

As an evidence of our devotedness to the cause we serve, and an earnest desire to
secure the greatest efficiency for our command, we would call attention to the fact
that every officer now in the regiment has risen from the ranks to their respective
positions, excepting one " Colonel John Hendrickson," who lost a foot at Fredericks-
burg. Trusting, sir, that you may regard this prayer of your Petitioners, not as an
expression of a desire to leave our comrades to battle alone for the glorious cause in
which all have sacrificed so much, but as prompted by the purest and most patriotic
motives ; by a spirit of loyalty and ambition, that we are satisfied will meet with
your appreciation. Hoping to secure at your hands, the favor for which we would so
earnestly pray. * * #

This was signed by the officers, present and absent, and
also by ex-Lieutenant-Colonel Rutherford and ex-Captain
Lanning,

The petition was sent on its way through the "circumlocu
tion " office, and was favorably indorsed by Colonel Wheelock
(97th N. Y. Vols.), then commanding the brigade, but when it
came to General Robinson, the division commander, he recom
mended that the NINTH "be consolidated with some other
regiment from the same State." General Reynolds approved
Robinson's action, but General Hooker was sensible enough
to differ with his subordinates, and he heartily indorsed the
petition, stipulating that while the regiment was absent its
place might be filled " by another good regiment."

The consolidation of old and decimated regiments was then
a matter under consideration by the War Department, by
whom the petition of the NINTH was returned, with the follow
ing indorsement :

•

Respectfully returned to Major-General Hooker, commanding Army of the
Potomac.

Orders will not be issued by this Department in regard to allowing regiments to
return to their States for the purpose of recruitment, until it is definitely decided what
action will be taken in regard to the consolidation of regiments.

THOMAS M. VINCENT,

Asst. Adjt. -General.

The consolidation scheme met with so much opposition
from the o.ld regiments, who did not want to lose their identity,
that it was abandoned.

244 THE NINTH NEW YORK. April

on roads out of sight of the enemy, and ordered to cross
at Kelly's Ford, thence to march on two parallel roads,
towards the Rapidan, cross that stream at German na and
Ely's Fords arid concentrate at Chancellorsville. The Second
corps was to march to United States Ford on the Rappa-
hannock, and when the turning column should pass down and
uncover that crossing, Couch was to join the main body.
This concentration was effected on the night of the 3Oth, and
General Hooker also moved his headquarters to that point.
"The remarkable success attending this movement, of which
Lee did not become aware till the Rappahannock had been
crossed, was the result of a secrecy and a celerity of march
new in the Army of the Potomac. To have marched a column
of fifty thousand men, laden with sixty pounds of baggage,
and encumbered with artillery and trains, thirty-seven miles in
two days ; to have bridged and crossed two streams, guarded
by a vigilant enemy, with the loss of half-a-dozen men, one
wagon and two mules, is an achievement which has few par
allels, and which well deserves to rank with Prince Eugene's
famous passage of the Adige " (Swinton's Army of the Poto
mac, page 273).

For the purpose of further masking the movement already
described, General Sedgwick, with his own and the First and
Third corps, was ordered to demonstrate in front of and below
Fredericksburg. The cavalry also had been assigned an
important duty ; it penetrated to the left and rear of Lee's
lines, and aided very materially in the general movements of
the army.

The First corps, as has been stated, was ready for the
march at noon of the 28th. The route was in the direction
of F'almouth, near which the regiment bivouacked, late in the
evening, after a wet and disagreeable march. Before day
break the next morning the men were stirring, and soon the
march was resumed down the river. Early in the afternoon
the river was approached at Pollock's Mills, about a mile be
low Franklin's crossing of the previous December, and prep
arations were at once made to lay a pontoon bridge. The

1 863 FITZ-HUGH'S CROSSING. 245

enemy, from a fortified position at Fitz Hugh's crossing, on the
railroad, attempted to prevent the laying of the bridge, but the
Fourteenth Brooklyn, and the Twenty-fourth Michigan, of
General Wadsworth's, First division, crossed the river in the
pontoon boats, in the face of a heavy musketry fire, and drove
back the enemy's skirmishers ; General Wadsworth crossing by
swimming his horse. A tete-dc-pont was then constructed to
defend the bridge, which was soon laid by the engineer corps.
The balance of the First division then crossed, while the
Second and Third remained on the northern bank.

Meanwhile a division of the Sixth corps had gone over
at Franklin's old crossing. The Third corps had followed the
First and Sixth as a reserve force in case of a serious attack
on the part of the enemy, but aside from artillery firing at
rather long range, they made no demonstration.

Thursday the 3Oth had been appointed by the President as
a day of thanksgiving and prayer. In the morning orders
from General Hooker, announcing the successful operations
of the right wing of the army, had been read. Hooker fol
lowed Pope somewhat in the wording of his orders, which
sounded quite as inflated as those of the Western General. In
the afternoon the First brigade held divine service, and many of
the regiment attended. Several chaplains took part, and the
cheering news from the right gave the keynote to the exer
cises. The men felt that victory was about to crown their
efforts, and all were ready to do their share towards accomplish
ing that end. During the services an occasional shell from
the enemy, bursting near-by, lent additional interest ; one
burst so near that a man in the regiment was wounded. After
the services were concluded the troops were ordered further
back, out of range of the enemy's fire. During the day the
Third corps had been ordered to join the right wing at Chan-
cellorsville, and marched away for that purpose.

Friday, the ist of May, passed quietly with the First
corps. The men were well protected from the enemy's fire,
and no casualties occurred in the regiment. At two o'clock
on the morning of the 2nd, General Hooker ordered the corps

246 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

to join him at Chancellorsville. The pontoon bridge was
taken up before daylight, and by nine o'clock the troops were
on the march. The vigilant enemy observed the- movement,
and soon their shells were bursting about the column, but a
little double-quicking soon placed the men behind the Stafford
hills, out of reach of the ugly visitors. There were few halts
made during the day, and at sunset the corps crossed the
Rappahannock on a pontoon bridge, near United States Ford,
and, marching to within four miles of Chancellorsville, bivou
acked for a time. Twenty-five miles had been covered dur
ing the day, and the men were tired enough to lie down and
rest, without troubling themselves much with the wild rumors
of the defeat of the Union Army during the disastrous bat
tle that had been fought late in the afternoon. But the men
were not allowed to rest very long. They had hardly eaten
their supper when orders were given to fall in again, and soon
the whol-e corps was placed on the right of the Union line of
battle. As the march to the front proceeded, many stragglers,
especially from the Eleventh corps, were met, who told dole
ful tales of their being surprised and overwhelmed by an at
tack OLV their right and rear, supposed to have been made by
Stonewall Jackson's corps. About midnight, as the First corps
was being placed in position to prolong the right of the line,
quite a lively artillery fire was going on towards the left, caused
by General Sickles, who had become separated from the army,
fighting his way back to the Union lines. The position
assigned the corps was on the Ely's Ford road, and as the
troops advanced the men began singing "John Brown's Body."
After the battle the bodies of many Union soldiers lay moulder
ing where they fell in that terrible tangle of the Wilderness.
The right of the corps rested on Big Hunting Run, a trib
utary of the Rapidan, the extreme flank being but a short dis
tance south of the river. The brigade was on the left of the
division. The NINTH was sent out on the skirmish line, where
it remained during the night, keeping a vigilant watch, and
trusting that the work of the morrow would result in a victory
for the Union arms. Meanwhile, the rest of the brigade were

1863 OPERATIONS AT CHANCELLORSVILLE. 247

put at work ; some chopping clown trees to form an aoattis,
while others dug rifle pits for the new line of defence. It was
a beautiful, clear, moonlight night, and as the men chatted in
low tones with each other, the events of the previous day were
discussed and commenced upon. It seems that, after having
attained an advantageous position east of Chancellorsville,
without serious loss, General Hooker ordered his troops to
fall back, thus changing his tactics from the offensive to the
defensive, and losing the prestige gained by his brilliant strat
egical movements, which culminated the day before, as already
•described.

The withdrawal took place on Friday, May ist, the Union
troops being closely pressed during the operation by the Con
federates, who had by this time divined Hooker's plan. As
the Union line was formed, the left, under Meade, rested on
the Rappahannock, near Scott's Dam, just below Bank's Ford,
and faced east. Slocum's Twelfth corps joined the right of
the Fifth and faced south ; Howard's Eleventh corps formed
the right of the line ; while Sickles, with the Third corps, was
held in reserve. As the troops were placed in position trees
were felled along the entire front. During the day the Con
federates felt the line at various points, endeavoring to find a
weak spot. On Saturday morning Stuart's cavalry, in recon-
noitering the right, reported that Howard's flank was "in the
air," and offered a good point of attack. Jackson asked to
be allowed to make the flank movement, and on receiving per
mission, set about its performance.

At half-past nine General Hooker issued the following let
ter of instructions :

HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,

Chancellor sville, Va., May 2, 1863, 9.30 A. M.
Major-Generals SLOCUM AND HOWARD.

I am directed by the Major-General Commanding to say that the disposition you
have made of your corps has been with a view to a front attack by the enemy. If he
should throw himself upon your flank, he wishes you to examine the ground and deter
mine upon the positions you will take in that event, in order that you may be pre
pared for him in whatever direction he advances.

He suggests that you have heavy reserves, well in hand, to meet this contingency.
The right of your line does not appear to be strong enough.

248 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May-

No artificial defenses worth naming have been thrown up, and there appears to be
a scarcity of troops at that point, and not, in the General's opinion, as favorably posted
as might be. We have good reasons to suppose that the enemy is moving to our
right. Please advance your pickets for purposes of observation, as far as may be safe,
in order to obtain timely informaiion of their approach.

JAMES H. VAN ALLEN,

Brig.-Gcnl. and Aide dc Camp.

It does not appear that these instructions were heeded, or
properly attended to. While with Lee, a greatly inferior force,
occupied the attention of the Union line, Jackson was rapidly
marching by a wide detour to strike, what proved to be, one
of the most effective blows of the whole war. Late in the
afternoon his column, unknown to the Union troops, had
attained the coveted position on the flank and rear of the
Eleventh corps, and like an avalanche sw<^pt down upon How
ard's men, routing them completely. Darkness alone put a stop
to the pursuit. During the evening General Jackson, while re
turning from a reconnoissance outside his lines, was fired upon,
through a mistake, by his own men, and mortally wounded

There were many valiant deeds performed during the terri
ble struggle of the late afternoon and early evening. In order
to stem the tide of retreating men, and also to check the on
ward rush of the Confederates, General Pleasonton made good
use of his cavalry. The General tells, in the Century Magazine,
September, 1886, how" he ordered Major Peter Keen an, of the
Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry, with his small regiment, to
charge into the advancing infantry of Jackson's command.
Keenan smiled at the size of his task and said, quietly : " I will
do it, sir." The gallant Major, and three or four other officers,
and about thirty men, never came back ; but time had been
gained and the guns were ready, loaded with grape and canis
ter, to meet the onset, which at this particular point of the line
was thus checked.

During the night the shattered fragments of the Eleventh
corps were gotten together and sent off to the left of the Union
line to reorganize. In anticipation of the next day's battle.
General Hooker sent, during the evening, orders to General
Sedgwick, who was then on the south side of the river, three

1863 BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE. 249

miles below Fredericksburg, to attack the enemy at daylight
and drive him from his position on the heights back of the
town (Lee had left General Early with about nine thousand
men to hold that position), and then advance towards Chan-
cellorsville by way of Salem Church.

Daylight of Sunday, the 3d, found the NINTH still on the
skirmish line. During the forenoon firing was heard off on
the left, but the dense and almost impenetrable woods screened
all movements in that direction. Straggling parties and indi
viduals of the enemy, ignorant of the position of either line,
approached and were captured. In the afternoon the regi
ment was relieved from duty on the skirmish line, a.nd fell
back to the line of battle, where the men occupied the trenches
and barricades thrown up during the night. Rain was .falling,
but the sound of the battle was continuous on the left. The
Third and Twelfth, with a portion of the Fifth Corps, fought
all day long with varying success, but the Union line was
gradually forced back. General Reynolds asked to be allowed
to take part with the First corps, but his request was refused.
In the afternoon Hooker was injured by concussion, a shell
striking a pillar against which he was leaning, on the porch of
the Chancellor House. There seemed to be little head in the
direction of affairs, and officers and men on the battle line real
ized the situation. After dark another line, still further to the
rear, and covering the fords on the river, was laid out, to which
the troops were withdrawn during the night.

A word as to Sedgwick's operations. By daylight he was
within musket shot of the enemy posted on Marye's Heights.
About noon the Heights were captured, together with some
pieces of artillery and a large number of prisoners. The
Union loss in the action was severe, being over one thousand
killed, wounded and prisoners. About the middle of the
afternoon Sedgwick began his advance to join Hooker at
Chancellorsville, but was met at Salem Church (Heights) by
part of Early's force and other troops sent by Lee to oppose
the Sixth Corps. A bloody battle ensued, resulting in great
loss to Sedcrwick's command, and darkness found both sides

250 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

occupying their respective battle grounds, with the Union right
covering Bank's Ford.

Hooker remained inactive during the 4th, whereupon Lee
sent more troops to assist in crushing Sedgwick. A small
guard had been left to hold Marye's Heights, and Early was
soon again master of that vantage ground, so that Sedgwick's
position was a perilous one, hemmed in on three sides.
Nothing special occurred till late in the afternoon when Sedg
wick was attacked by a superior force and finally forced to
recross the river. There had been no severe fighting on Hook
er's own front during the day. During the night a council of
war was held, and after stating his views Hooker withdrew
from the council. It was decided by the majority to remain
and fight it out, but Hooker sided with the minority and
ordered a retreat to the north bank of the Rappahannock.

The NINTH lost but three men wounded and one missing
during the battle. At daybreak of the 6th the regiment left
the breastworks, and, marching with the other troops of the
command, crossed the river at United States Ford and
marched to Falmouth. The shelter tents were pitched, mus
kets being used for the uprights, as there was not a stick of
wood to be found available for that purpose.

1863 WHITE OAK CHURCH. 251

CHAPTER XIV.

THE GETTYSBURG CAMPAIGN.

In Camp at White Oak Church. — Departure of the Two Years' Regiments. — Hooker's
Care of His Army. — Register of the Regiment in the Field. — Celebration of the
Second Anniversary of Departure from New York. — Doctor Nordquist " Watched."
— Return of Colonel Hendrickson. — Confederate Invasion. — The Two Armies. —
Lee's Army Moves. — Cavalry Fight at Brandy Station. — Army of the Potomac
Moves. — Progress of the Marches. — Colonel Hendrickson Takes Leave of the Regi
ment. — Crossing the Potomac. — Through Maryland. — General Reynold's in Com
mand of the Left Wing. — Stuart's Raid. — Exit Hooker, enter Meade. — Emmets-
burg. — Pennsylvania. — Concentrating on Gettysburg.

Thursday, May 7th, the march was continued, and after
traveling eastward about eight miles, the regiment halted
near White Oak Church, where the NINTH was destined to
remain about a month, during which time several interesting
incidents occurred.

By the i8th the weather had become quite warm ; the loca
tion of the camp was not a good one, and a change was made
to a better place near by. The usual drills, parades, and re
views were the order of the day. Ovens were built and the
men luxuriated in " soft " bread, while other articles, not usu
ally supplied by the commissariat, caused the men to bless
General Hooker for his kind and watchful care.

Owing to the expiration of the term of service of the two
years' regiments belonging to the division, the command
was reduced to two brigades • the Second consisting of the

o o

Eleventh, Eighty-eighth and Ninetieth Pennsylvania, Twelfth
Massachusetts, Ninety-seventh New York, and the NINTH.
Fifteen members of the Twenty-sixth New York, organized at
Elmira, who had not served out their time, were transferred to
the NINTH on the 2ist of the month.

Up to this time an aggregate of about fourteen hundred
names had been placed upon the rolls of the regiment. Fol
lowing is a list of all of that number who remained present
for duty on the 22nd.

252 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

Field and Staff.

Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph A. Moesch (Commanding);
Surgeon Charles }. Nordquist ; Adjutant Henry P. Clare ;
Quartermaster A. Martin Burtis. — 4.

Non-Commissioned Staff.

Sergeant-Major Fitch R. Ludlam ; Quartermaster-Sergeant
Washington A. Toland ; Commissary-Sergeant Robert A.
Soderbery ; Hospital Steward George M. Teale ; Drum-Major
William Hill.— 5.

Company A.

Captain Thomas W. Quirk ; Sergeants, Frank F. Carter,
John D. Moore. Daniel W. Outwater, Thomas E. Smith ;
Corporals, Washington Fosdick, Frederick Kirchet ; Privates,
Robert A. Johnston, John W. McCort, David O. Pearson,
Patrick Sullivan, Romance Wyatt ; Drummer Henry Steele.

-13-

Company B.

Lieutenants, Charles A. Clark, John B. Dolan ; Sergeants,
Charles H. Barker, August Kubely, Jacob Mangold, Jr., Fred-
-erick Muncke ; Corporals, Justus Dearman, George Sinning;
Privates, Christopher Bright, Frederick Graff, John Grant,
Herman Hibschle, Charles Hoefer, Thomas Keogh, William
Kriemler, Henry Leisinger, Rudolph Mast, Ulrich Muhlen-
thaler, Ernest Naumann, J. Henry Regener, Emil Reinacher,
James G. Rolston, John Scherrer, Charles Sturm, Albert
Wiedmer, Dominick Zimmerman. — 26.

Company C.

First Lieutenant Cyrus C. Hubbard ; Sergeants, George O.
Hirst, Jacob F. Munson, Robert P. Skinner; Corporals. Augus
tus L. Barowsky, Peter Cullinan, Andrew S. Engle, Jr., Wilton
T. Jennings, William H. Miller, Isaac S. Sharp, Frederick
Spackman ; Privates, Chas. W. Brewster, Alfred Flock, Jr.. F.
Oliver Flood, Matthew Hagen, Cornelius Hartt, John J.
Joyce, Henry D. Lynch, George I. McBride, Francis McDon
ald, Joseph Meyer, William H. Robbins, Henry R. Thorp,

1863 REGISTER ON THE TWENTY-SECOND. 253

Robert P. Travis, John Ferris White ; Drummer Chas. E. Mc-
Cready. — 26.

Company D.

Captain Frederick Guyer ; Lieutenant Henry Ferret ; Ser
geants, William McCance, Charles C. Sinclair, Lucius C.
Wing ; Corporals, Charles C. Dominick, William H. Gilbert ;
Privates, William H. Hibbard, Jr.. George E. Hyatt, John W.
Jaques, Alfred Miles, John W. Springer, Sidney J. Vreden-
burgh, George Watson, Jr. — 14.

Company E.

First Lieutenant Lawrence M. Whitney ; Sergeants, Rob
ert F. Cooke, William Henderson. Josiah C. Terwilliger ;
Corporals, Charles H. Bladen, Thomas J. Davis, David Gillan,
James E. Sprague ; Privates, Archibald Campbell, Moses F.
Cook, William F. Gould, George Heffern, Thomas M. Hen-
nion, Charles Savard, Archibald Stewart, Benjamin C. Sykes,
Lawrence Teller, Dunnelle Van Schaick ; Drummer Hezekiah
Springer. — 19.

Company F.

First Lieutenant Jacob Jacobs ; Sergeants, James S. Burtis,
Thomas W. Howard, Daniel E. Trittenback ; Corporals,
Charles A. Archer, Theodore Armstrong, Thomas Cassady,
Samuel C. F" razee; Privates, Joseph B. Davis, Thomas L.
Hanna, William B. Osborn, Alfred R. Penney, Archibald
Penny, Charles F. Russell, William Scott, John S. Simmons,
Jacob W. Steves, David B. Williams ; Drummers, George
Bohnenberger, John Rockett. — 20.

Company G.

Lieutenant Thomas W. Thorne ; Sergeants, Thomas D.
Clifford, William S. Morris, Frank I. Page, Arnold Polster ;
Corporals, Dennis Fleming, Isaac P. Jones, George F. Shaf-
ford ; Privates, John D. Conlin, Sovereign A. Donaldson, S.
Augustus Gardner, Thomas .Keenan, Robert Martin, John R.
Parton, John Pitts, Michael Purcell, Joseph Sharot, George
W. W'ashburn, James G. Weaver, Daniel E. WTood, Peter
Yearance ; Drummer Joseph F. Swords. — 22.

254 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

Company H.

First Lieutenant Henry A. Van Pelt ; Sergeants, David
Devlin, William F. Killman, John H. Smith; Corporals, John
L. Baker, Edwin A. Brockner, Joseph Dowling ; Privates, Jos
eph W. Adee, Patrick Burns, George A. Conley, Edmund A.
Davis, Thomas Deacon, John Dowling, Joseph T. Hallock,
Robert A. Logan, John McDermott, Joseph McGrath, James
A. O'Connor, Charles O'Neill, Thomas J. Ryan, J. Living
ston Snedecker, Alfred A. Solomen, William Spencer, Peter
Strubel, William Wayte ; Drummers, William Daly, Frank K.
Rollins. — 27.

Company I,

Lieutenant Thomas J. Barnes ; Sergeants, Arthur Blaney,
Benjamin F. Bowne, Thomas W. Higgs ; Corporals, William
Black, Samuel Matthews ; Privates, George Bieo-el, George

O £> O

Bodenmiller, George Hicks, Hubert Manly, Thomas L.
McCanlis, Walter Scott, Matthew L. Tabele, Frank Wester-
velt, Theodore Youngman. — 15.

Company L.

Captain Henry V. Williamson ; Lieutenant J. M. K. Con
nolly ; Sergeants, Henry C. Barnum, Henry J. Curry, Thomas
N. Marcotte, John I. Van Alst, Jr.; Corporals, Benjamin F.
Douglass, James A. Graham, Samuel G. Van Norden ; Pri
vates, Charles M. Ames, John H. Brown, Samuel Brown,
Thomas W. Brown, Robert H. Davis, Daniel Eagan, Patrick
Hosey, William A. Jenkins, John J. Johnson, Henry J. Kelly,
John J. Kelly, John T. Lockington, John Malone, Joseph V.
Marseilles, Augustus W. Meade, Mark A. Murray, George C.
Platt, James Thompson, Emanuel F. Wood. — 28,

1863 SECOND ANNIVERSARY. 255

RECAPITULATION.

Field and Staff .... 4

Non-Commissioned Staff . . 5

Company A . . . . 13

B .... 26

C ...» 26

D .... 14

E .... 19

F .... 20

G .... 22

" H .... 27

"I .... 15

L 28

Total . . . 219

The 2 /th was the second anniversary of the departure of
the regiment for the seat of war, and the day was duly cele
brated. In anticipation of the event,, and also to honor an
officer for whom all the men had the greatest respect, a move
ment had been set on foot some time before, by the enlisted
men, for the purchase of a testimonial to Surgeon Nordquist.
At ten A. M. the men gathered informally upon the parade
ground, the occasion being also honored by the presence of all
the regimental officers, Generals Robinson and Baxter with
their staffs, and many others of the brigade.

Quartermaster Sergeant Washington A. Toland had been
selected by the committee to make the presentation address,
in which duty he acquitted himself in a most happy manner.
The Doctor having been brought to the front, Sergeant Toland
addressed him briefly, reviewing the Doctor's services to the
men of the regiment, and complimenting him upon his uniform
kindness during the time he had been with them. He alluded

particularly to the exertions of the Doctor during and after
the Fredericksburg battle, when he was Division Surgeon, and
said that his friends had closely watched him while in the dis
charge of his manifold and highly important duties, and that

1863 EXPECTATION OF THE CONFEDERATES 257

the season advanced the men knew that life in camp would
soon be exchanged for a marching and fighting campaign.

On the Qth Colonel Hendrickson, supplied with a wooden
leg in place of the member lost at the battle of Fredericks-
burg, reported for duty. His advent was hailed with delight,
notwithstanding the fact that in Lieutenant-Colonel Moesch
the men placed the utmost confidence. The Colonel was also
a brave and sagacious officer, and his return to field duty, in
his crippled condition, showed that he meant to do all — and more
—that his country required at his hands.

An important campaign of the Army of the Potomac is now
approached — that of Gettysburg. Important, not because it
was the first from which the Union Army had emerged as
nominal victors — for the Maryland campaign resulted in that
—but because the "high-water mark" of the rebellion was
reached during the campaign, and from thence dated the " De
cline and Fall" of the Southern Confederacy. It is not wished
to be understood as assuming that, had the Confederates been
successful in the battle, or in the defence of Vicksburo- during

o o

the same month, they would have at once succeeded in estab
lishing a Southern confederacy; but up to that time their suc
cess in arms in Virginia — the principal theatre of the war —
had caused the Southern leaders to believe that, could they
but transfer it beyond the Potomac, and show to the world
they were able to maintain themselves as an aggressive force
on Northern soil, their Independence would be acknowledged
by some of the "Powers" in Europe; and with expected aid
from that source they might then be enabled to accomplish
the dismemberment of the American Union. In this they
failed, and because of the failure the doom of the Confederacy
was hastened.

Lee's army at this time was in splendid condition ; it had
been victorious in the last two great battles fought, and if ever
a bold, aggressive movement was to be made, now was the
time for that army to take the initiative. During the discus
sion as to the best • method of invading the North, General
Longstreet had proposed a movement by way of Kentucky,

258 THE IS I NTH NEW YORK. June

but that was rejected, and it was decided to move inco Penn
sylvania, by way of the Shenandoah and Cumberland Valleys,
thus turning Hooker's right, and forcing the Army of the
Potomac from its position without a battle.

On the ist of the month Lee's army numbered eighty
thousand of all arms ; the infantry, sixty-eight thousand, was
divided into corps, the First, Second and Third under Long-
street, Ewell and A. P. Hill, respectively. Each corps had
about eighty guns. The cavalry was under General Stuart,
and quartered in the vicinity of Brandy Station, watching the
fords of the Rappahannock.

The Army of the Potomac numbered about eighty-two
thousand of all arms, divided into seven corps ; the First, Gen
eral Reynolds ; Second, General Hancock ; Third, General
Sickles ; Fifth, General Meade ; Sixth, General Sedgwick ;
Eleventh, General Howard ; and Twelfth, General Slocum.
General Alfred Pleasonton commanded the cavalry, consisting-
of about eleven thousand men, quartered between Warrenton
and Catlett's Station. About three hundred guns accom
panied the army.

On the 3rd day of the month the Confederate Army be
gan the campaign. Culpeper was to be the rendezvous for the
columns sent out from Lee's army, and from this point,
masked by -Stuart's cavalry, the Confederate leader expected
to make a bold strike for the Shenandoah Valley, capture or
drive out Milroy, and enter Pennsylvania before Hooker
should become aware of his intentions. But it was impossible
that such important movements could be made without creat
ing some suspicion in the mind of the Union General, and on
the 5th, General Sedgwick had completed the laying of two
bridges at Franklin's Crossing, and a, division of his corps
went over on a reconnoissance. The bold front displayed by
Hill, whose corps had been left to keep up appearances, led
Sedgwick to believe that the whole Confederate Army was
still in their intrenchments. Hooker, however, fearing that
Lee intended to attack his right, sent the Fifth corps up the
river to watch. On the /th Pleasonton was ordered to make

1863 THE TWO ARMIES MOVE. 259

a reconnoissance towards Culpeper, for the purpose of deter
mining whether any of Lee's infantry had reached that point.
A severe battle between the two cavalry forces occurred on
the 8th, at Brandy Station, and Pleasonton discovered that
the enemy's infantry was, indeed, moving towards the west.

Hooker was now desirous of crossing the river at Freder-
icksburg and destroying the force left there, but the authori
ties at Washington, fearful for the safety of the Capitol,
refused their consent, and Hooker set about discovering the
points at which he could intercept Lee's march, which was
now believed to be directed north.

By the loth Ewell had approached close to Chester Gap,
in the Blue Ridge, and on the i3th was marching upon Win
chester, where he arrived on the evening of the i4th. Milroy,
seeing the impossibility of resistance, evacuated the town
before daylight the next morning, but when about four miles on
the road towards Martinsburg — his retreat to Harper's Ferry
being cut off — he encountered the enemy, who had already sent
a force of cavalry and infantry towards Martinsburg. Milroy
made a brave fight, but his force was easily beaten, and a large
number were captured. The Valley was now clear for the
march of the Confederate Army.

Hooker had sent the Third and Fifth corps up the Rappa-
hannock and towards Culpeper. On the I2th the. First corps
was put in motion. At three o'clock in the morning the men
of the NINTH were aroused, and at five began the march.
The day proved to be one of the hottest the men had ever
experienced, as they tramped along the dusty roads through the
devastated country. Water was scarce, fence rails nearly all
gone, so that it was difficult to find wood enough during the
short halts with which to cook coffee. At noon, and while
the men were enjoying a short halt, the stillness was broken
by the discharge of a volley of small-arms, caused by the exe
cution of a deserter from the Nineteenth Indiana who had
been captured at Chancellorsville while fighting in the ranks
of the enemy.

Hartwood Church was passed towards evening, and a short

26O THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

distance bevond, near the banks of a creek, the command
halted for the night. The twenty-two mile march fitted all to
enjoy a sound sleep. The next morning blistered feet were
bound up, and at seven o'clock the march was resumed. The
long rest had rendered the men unfit for heavy marching until
they had been " broken in " again, and there were many strag-
prlei s. On reaching Bealton, the column headed towards Rap-

^> o

pahannock Station, and at seven in the evening the troops
halted. The NINTH was sent out on picket, near to the cross
ing of the river, where the men passed an uncomfortable night
in the rain. During the day the First, Third and Eleventh
corps were constituted the left wing of the army, and General
Reynolds placed in command ; while General Abner Double-
day was assigned to the command of the First corps.

At five o'clock on the morning of the I4th the NINTH was
withdrawn from picket duty, and returned to its place in the
column, which moved at seven, headed northeast. They rested
a short time at Catlett's Station, then pushed on through
fields and woods, until at nightfall a halt was ordered in the
vicinity of Bristoe Station. But the men were only allowed
an hour or so in which to cook their supper, when " forward "
was again the order. The darkness rendered the march diffi
cult and slow ; numerous streams had to be crossed, and at
five o'clock in the morning of the I5th, the men found them
selves near Manassas Junction, having been on the tramp for
twenty-four hours, during which time they had covered only
twenty-five miles.

By the morning of the i5th the Confederate infantry, under
Ewell, had reached Williamsport, Maryland, while General
Jenkins with a force of cavalry had penetrated to Chambers-
burg, in Pennsylvania. Meanwhile the North was being
aroused, and militia regiments were pouring in from Maryland,
Pennsylvania, and New York, upon the call of the President
for one hundred and twenty thousand men for temporary ser
vice.

At nine o'clock in the morning of the i5th the NINTH were
in line and marching towards Bull Run, which was crossed, and

1863 UNION ARMY MOVES NORTH. 26 1

soon halted long enough to prepare a late breakfast. Centre-
ville was reached about the middle of the afternoon, and it was
found that the Sixth and Eleventh corps were also encamped
in the vicinity. The cavalry, under Pleasonton, marched on
roads to the left of, and parallel with, the infantry, thus guard
ing that flank against the attack of Stuart's troopers.

The 1 6th was spent in camp, much to the relief of the men.
Hooker was yet uncertain what to do. Pennsylvania was cry
ing aloud for relief, and yet, if he pushed too far north, while
the bulk of Lee's army was in the Valley, he was afraid of un
covering the Capitol, so he waited for the further development
of Lee's plans.

Colonel Hendrickson took leave of the regiment on this
day. In his disabled condition he found it difficult to endure
the fatigues of the march, he could not walk, and his wooden
leo" bothered him greatly while on horseback. Towards even-

£> o ^

ing the men assembled at his tent in order to pay their
respects. In a short speech he bid them good-bye, and left for
home. After a few weeks' surgical treatment, and finding that
it would be impossible for him to serve again in the field, the
Colonel resigned — August ist — but was subsequently assigned
to duty in the Veteran Reserve Corps, with which he continued
till mustered out at the close of the war. The Colonel entered
the military service as a Private in Company H, Seventh
Regiment N. Y. S. M., May 12, 1857; became Sergeant-
Major of the NINTH in 1860; was elected First Lieutenant of
Company G, April 26th, and Captain, July 29th, 1861 ; he was
appointed Major, September 2.oth, and Lieutenant-Colonel
Nov. 2/th, 1862 ; and promoted Colonel, Jan. i8th, 1863.

At two o'clock on the morning of the I / th, the reveille
sounded, and at four the column was in motion, headed due
north. The section passed through did not seem to have
suffered much from the ravages of war ; fences were standing, the
fields were under cultivation, and the dwelling-houses occupied.
The day was very hot ( ioo^°), and a number of cases of sun
stroke occurred. Afte-r a fifteen-mile march the troops halted
early in the afternoon at Herndon Station, on the Loudoun and

262 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

Hampshire railroad, and about three miles from Drainsville.
Wood and water being plenty, the men made the most of those
luxuries. Reveille at three o'clock next morning roused the
regiment, and at five, lines were formed ; but marching- orders

o o

did not come, and the men lay around baking- in the hot sun.
At noon the tents were again pitched. In the afternoon it
began to rain, and continued all night. The next morning,
the iQth, the corps started off early, but the regiment had been
detailed to guard the wagon train ; the men had packed up,
but as the teams would not be likely to move for some hours,
and the rain continued to fall, the tents were set up again.
During the afternoon, the pickets, which had been posted
about a mile from camp, were attacked by some of John S.
Mosby's guerilla cavalry, and the regiment was hastily called
into line ; the troopers, however, had no notion of staying for a
fight, and soon all was quiet again. During the night the rain
continued, accompanied by a high wind.

At three o'clock on the morning of the 2Oth the men were
ordered out, and at seven accompanied the train along the
line of the railroad, in the direction of Leesburo-. When Guil-

ford Station was reached, some four miles distant, the train
was parked and the regiment went into bivouac. Rain con
tinued all the next day, rendering the camp exceedingly disa
greeable. On the 22nd a detachment of volunteers from the
regiment went back to Fairfax Station, as guard to a supply
train, returning the next clay in charge of the mails. The left
flank of the army had been much annoyed for several days by
small bodies of cavalry, who, familiar with the country, would
make sudden dashes on small parties of troops, and then as
suddenly disappear. General Reynolds narrowly escaped cap
ture by one of these bands, and it was determined to scour the
neighborhood and hunt them clown. For this purpose the
NINTH, in light marching order, and under the direction of
General Reynolds in person, marched out about four miles,
then deployed in skirmishing order, and scoured the woods for
several hours, but, of course, no enemy was found. The men
laughed at being sent out on foot to hunt for cavalry. The

1863 CONFEDERATES IN PENNSYLVANIA. 263

residents of the neighborhood were all in sympathy with the
enemy, every man and woman, and even children, acted as
informants, and conveyed intelligence to the Confederates,
which enabled them to elude any force that might be sent
against them.

The morning of the 24th brought bright and pleasant
weather again, and on the 25th the troops were in motion.
The NINTH still had charge of the wagons ; progress was slow.
At four o'clock in the afternoon the Potomac was reached at a
point near Edwards Ferry, but it was nine in the evening
before the regiment crossed. The lonor-continued rain had

*-j O

softened the roads, and the trains and artillery which had pre
ceded the First corps, had so cut them up, that it was with great
difficulty the poor mules could pull their loads. The men were
often obliged to put their own shoulders to the wheels, and
when a man would step into a particularly sticky spot, he would
shout for a mule to help pull him out. Towards midnight the
familiar village of Poolesville was passed through. It began to
rain again, and when Barnesville was reached, the men were
glad to halt and throw themselves down on the wet ground.
Twenty miles had been covered, but the men were more
exhausted than though they had marched double the distance
under ordinary circumstances. The corps had advanced to
the vicinity of Middletown to guard the passes in the South
Mountain range.

Longstreet's and Hill's corps had reached Hagerstown,
Md., during the 251;!, while Ewell was pushing on towards
Carlisle, Pa. Hooker's plan was to compel the enemy to keep
his forces in the Cumberland Valley, on the west side of the
South Mountain range, and then, when he had advanced far
enough north, to attack his rear with a small force, and thus
sever his communications with Richmond. Aware of the pos
sibility of this movement, Lee urged upon the Confederate
Government the sending of a large force to Culpeper, in order
that it might operate from there north, and keep his communi
cations open ; but this the Richmond authorities could not do,
for they had not the men to spare.

26d THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

After a few hours uneasy rest in the rain, the regiment was
called into line shortly after daylight on the 26th, and plodded
alonof with the waofon train.

*_> o

Leaving SiiQfar Loaf Mountain on the riofht, Greenfield was

C:> O ^

passed, the Monocacy crossed, and late in the day, after a
fifteen-mile march, a halt was ordered near Adamstown, on the
Baltimore and Ohio railroad. Early on the 2jth the march was
resumed. Shortly after passing through Jefferson, the regi
ment was relieved from duty with the wagon train, and joined
the brigade. The march was continued through Middletown,
a short distance beyond which the troops halted.

During the day Longstreet and Hill occupied Chambers-
burg, while Ewell entered Carlisle, and Jenkins was at Kings
ton, within a dozen miles of Harrisburg. Early, commanding
a division of Swell's corps, had been tearing up the railroad
track between Harrisburcr and York, and late in the afternoon

he entered the latter town. Stuart, with the bulk of his cav
alry, had started on another of his famous raids, hoping, by
operating in the rear of Hooker's army, to keep it south of
the Potomac long enough to give Lee an opportunity of cap
turing Harrisburg, and, perhaps, other cities further north.
On the 26th he crossed the Potomac at Drainsville, and found
that the Army of the Potomac was all across the river.

The Confederate Generals exercised the "right of might"
in levying contributions of money, food, forage and clothing,
upon towns they occupied. At York, Early exacted " one hun
dred thousand dollars in cash ; two hundred barrels of Hour ;
thirty thousand bushels of corn ; one thousand pairs of shoes,"
etc. (Doubleday's Chancellor sville and Gettysburg, page 113).
On the 26th, Early made a requisition on the authorities of
Gettysburg, demanding 60 barrels of flour ; 7000 pounds of
pork or bacon ; 1230 pounds of sugar ; 600 pounds of coffee ;
1000 pounds of salt ; 40 bushels of onions ; 1000 pairs of
shoes ; 500 hats, or $10,000 in money.

He was answered by the President of the Council as
follows :

1863 EXIT HOOKER, ENTER MEADE. 265

GETTYSBURG,//^ 26, 1863.
General EARLY :

SIR : — The authorities of the borough of Gettysburg, in answer to the demand
made by you upon the said borough and county, say their authority extends but to the
borough. That the requisition asked for, cannot be given, because it is utterly impos
sible to comply. The quantities required are far beyond that in our possession. In
compliance, however, to the demands we will request the stores to be open and the
citizens to furnish whatever they can of such provisions, etc., as may be asked. Fur
ther we cannot promise.

By authority of the council of the borough of Gettysburg, I hereunto, as President
of said Board, attach my name. D. KENDLEHART.

General Early received orders to proceed to York that
evening, and the requisition was not required to be filled.

York, however, to which place he next marched, was made
to "shell out," as before stated.

At the time of General Hooker's appointment to the com
mand, General Halleck and Secretary Stanton were both
opposed to his promotion. The result of the Chancellorsville
campaign had not given these two officers any more confidence
in him, and Hooker found himself at variance with them many
times during the progress of this campaign. Since entering
Maryland Hooker had endeavored to obtain control of certain
bodies of troops in his immediate vicinity, among others, the
garrison of Harper's Ferry of ten thousand men, which he
wished to join with Slocum's Twelfth corps, and operate on
the Confederate rear, but Halleck would not consent. Other
causes of grievance, added to this, determined Hooker to ask
to be relieved. On the morning of the 28th General Meade
was placed in command.

For several days — in fact, ever since Stuart had left him
and started on his independent course — Lee had been igno
rant of the movements of the Army of the Potomac. Stuart
had tried in vain to communicate with his chief, but as the
Union Army was between them, his scouts could not get
through. It was not till the 28th, that a daring courier, dis
guised as a farmer, presented himself at Longstreet's tent and
announced that the Army of the Potomac, which Lee sup
posed to be still south of the Potomac, was then massed in the
vicinity of Frederick. Alarmed for his communications with

266 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

Richmond, the Confederate leader called a halt of his advance
troops, and ordered his army to concentrate about Gettysburg,
intending to move towards Baltimore and thus draw the Union

Army further east and relieve the Confederate rear.

Upon assuming command, Meade took the responsibility
of ordering General French, who commanded at Harper's
Ferry, to cooperate with him. Geneial Couch, who, upon the
first news of the invasion, had been sent from the army to
command the troops assembling at Harrisburg, was also placed
under Meade, and thus the new commander was offered the
very facilities that had been denied Hooker.

The NINTH made but a short march on the 28th, starting
about three o'clock in the afternoon, and halted within a mile
of Frederick at eight in the evening. On the 2gth an early
start was made and the column passed through Frederick, then
turned north, passing in succession through the villages of
Lewiston, Mechanicsville, Franklin, and Emmetsburg, and halt
ing about a mile north of the latter place, where line of battle
was formed. The men had got their marching legs in order
by this time, and the twenty-five-mile tramp was accomplished
with little difficulty. The troops bivouacked behind their
stacks of muskets during the night.

The extreme left of the Union Army had reached a point
near Fairheld, Pa., six miles north and west of Emmetsburg.
The Eleventh corps was, with the First, at the latter place.
The Third and Twelfth corps were near Middleburg, nine
miles southeast of Emmetsburg; the Fifth corps was at Taney-
town, five miles north and east of Middleburg; the Second at
Uniontown, six miles southeast of Taneytown, while the Sixth
corps was at New Windsor, about two miles southeast of
Uniontown. The cavalry was distributed at various points,
part of Buford's division being on the left, near Fairfield, while
Kilpatrick's and Gregg's divisions were away on the right,
endeavoring to head off Stuart, who at night bivouacked with
the head of his column at Union Mills, eight miles southeast
of Taneytown. Before dark a part of the Confederate cavalry
had been within four miles of Harrisburg, and the people there

1863 NEARING GETTYSBURG. 267

were thrown into the greatest consternation, expecting that be
fore daylight the next morning the city would be in the hands
of the enemy. During the day, however, Lee's orders reached
his advance troops, and they turned towards Gettysburg.
General Pleasonton, realizing the strategic importance of that
place, had ordered Buford to occupy the town early 'in the
morning of the 3Oth. It will thus be seen that the heads of the
rival columns were directed to the same point, and it could
not be long before the clash of arms would be heard.

On the morning of the 3Oth, the NINTH was again on the
march, and the column soon crossed Mason and Dixon's line
into Pennsylvania. The First corps had been ordered to push
on towards Gettysburg, but General Reynolds, discovering that
the enemy were approaching on his left flank from the direc
tion of Fairfield, halted his command near Marsh Creek, and
awaited further developments. At night the right and left
wings of the army were twenty-five miles apart, and the troops
so disposed as to effectually cover both Washington and Balti
more. General Meade had decided, as soon as he found Lee's
army turning about to face him, to fall back — if necessary—
and establish a line of battle on the left bank of Pipe Creek, a
small stream which flows in a southwesterly direction and
empties into the Monocacy River, about eight miles south of
the State line.

According to Pleasonton's instructions, Buford had occu
pied Gettysburg, but, owing to his encountering several bodies
of the enemy, he was delayed, and did not reach the town till
evening. He at once pushed his pickets out on the Cham-
bersburg and Mummasburg roads — west and northwest of the
town — to warn him of the approach of the enemy, while his
main force was posted on the ridge about a mile and a half
west of the town. Circumstances were driving Meade to fio-ht

C3 O

a battle on ground other than he intended. During the night
Reynolds was informed of Buford's position, and he deter
mined to push on to his support early in the morning.

268 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

CHAPTER XV.

THE GETTYSBURG CAMPAIGN (Concluded.)

The First of July. — The Enemy's Advance Encounters Buford's Cavalry. — General
Reynolds Goes to the Front.— The First Gun. — Robinson's Division Reaches the
Field. — Topography of the First Day's Battle-Field. — Death of General Rey
nolds. — General Howard Assumes Command of the Troops Engaged. — The
New Line of Battle. — The NINTH Engaged. — Capture of Iverson's Brigade. —
Ammunition from the Cartridge Boxes of Dead Comrades. — The Eleventh Corps
Driven Back. — The First Corps Retires. — General Doubleday's Account. — Ceme
tery Hill. — Hancock on the Field. — Battle-Field of Second and Third Days. —
Confederate Account of Artillery Fire, and Pickett's Charge. — The Union Line of
Battle. — Cushing's Battery. — Stannard's Vermonters. — Armistead Reaches the
Stone Wall. — A Hand-to-Hand Encounter. — Repulse of the Enemy. — Death of
Gushing. — Colonel Devereaux's Account. — Colonel Coulter and His Color Bearer.
—The NINTH on Picket. — Retreat of Lee's Army. — The Losses.

daylight of Wednesday, July ist, the enemy were pressing-
towards Gettysburg, and when Heth's division of Hill's
corps encountered Buford's skirmishers advancing to meet them,
the latter halted and formed line of battle. At six o'clock
General Reynolds had started off with Wadsworth's First
division of the First corps, leaving Doubleday to follow as
rapidly as possible with the other two. About eight o'clock
the NINTH fell into line, and the column was soon marching
along the Emmetsburg Pike. At nine o'clock the first gun
was heard. Thus opened the memorable and bloody battle.
Soon the discharge of artillery became frequent, and the
familiar sound served to quicken the steps of the men of the
Second division, which at that time happened to be in the rear.
Upon nearing the Codori House, about a mile and a half from
the town, the column broke to the left of the Pike and marched
through the fields and by-roads parallel with Seminary Ridge,
until the Lutheran Seminary building was reached. It was
then about eleven o'clock.

A mile and a quarter west of Gettysburg is Willoughby

'/ /^4fnl.r',enJ4 <?:4™ "V \ Gulps H

GETTYSBURG,
JULY 1-3 1863.

Numerals, 83, 94, 97, 104,
&c. Indicate Location of
New York Regiments.

1863 THE FIRST CORPS HOLDS THE FIELD. 269

Run, a small stream which flows nearly south. A quarter of
a mile nearer the town, and parallel with the stream, is a
ridge, upon which Buford's cavalry and Wadsworth's infantry
division, and also the Third division of the First corps, were
then contending with the enemy. A quarter of a mile still
nearer the town, and just three-quarters of a mile from the
central square, was Seminary Ridge, which takes its name
from the Lutheran Seminary located there. When the Sec
ond division reached the Seminary it was ordered to halt and
intrench.

Meanwhile, a severe battle had been fought between the
greatly superior force of the enemy and the Union troops upon
the ridge above mentioned. General Reynolds had been killed,
and the Union troops were being pressed back to the position
occupied by the Second division. Under General Robinson's
direction a slight barricade of rails had been thrown up,
crescent-shaped, just west of the Seminary. "General Howard
had reached the field in advance of his corps, the Eleventh,
and, on being informed of Reynolds' death, assumed command
of the troops engaged. He sent back orders hurrying up the
Eleventh, the advance division of which, under General Schim-
melpfennig, reached the ground about an hour after Robinson.
Howard posted Schimmelpfennig's and Barlow's divisions of
the Eleventh to cover the Nevvville road on the north, and the
Harrisburg road northeast, along which the enemy, under
Ewell, was advancing, and left Steinwehr's division as a reserve
on Cemetery Hill.

When the troops of the two corps, which were to form the
line of battle, had reached the positions assigned them, it was
found that a serious gap existed between the right of the First
and the left of the Eleventh. This being reported to General
Doubleday, he called upon General Robinson to fill the gap.

The Eleventh Pennsylvania and Ninety-seventh New York
did not halt with the brigade, but had been sent out
towards the front line ; the balance of the brigade was soon

moved forward to patch out the line. This brought the NINTH
into the fiofht. Leaving General Paul with his — First —

THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

brigade at the Seminary, Robinson and staff hurried after Bax
ter. Meanwhile, the brigade had been posted by its com
mander in the edge of a strip of woods along the Mummas-
burg Pike, and facing north, in order to oppose the enemy,
who were advancing on his right flank.

But there was yet a wide gap between it and the right of
Cutler's brigade of the Third division. At the moment of
Robinson's arrival he noticed the advance of a body of the
enemy towards this open space, which, if unopposed, would
penetrate to the left and rear of Baxter's line. Directing
Baxter to change front to meet this pressing emergency, Robin
son sent back for Paul's brigade, and, upon its arrival, placed
it to oppose the enemy, which he now saw about to form on
Oak Hill, at the north end of Seminary Ridge, and less than
a quarter of a mile distant from the Pike.

Baxter had hardly time to form his new line, facinor west,

_ «

with the Ninetieth Pennsylvania on the right, and across the
Pike, its right refused to face the enemy on Oak Hill, from
which point O'Neill's brigade of Rode's division, Ewell's
corps, was then advancing. The NINTH was on the right cen
ter of the brigade line. Fortunately for the command, a stone
fence in front afforded some protection, and behind this the
men awaited the advance of Iverson's brigade — also of Ewell's

*_J

corps. The stone wall along the Pike protected the line some
what from an enfilading fire from O'Neill's command, but that
danger was soon averted by the arrival of Paul's brigade,
which also relieved the Ninetieth Pennsylvania from the
double duty of guarding its right and rear at the same time.
Iverson's brigade was allowed to approach within close musket
range. The men seemed unaware of Baxter's line behind the
stone wall, until the order was given, " Up men, and fire!"

Rarely has such a destructive volley been fired on any field
of battle. General Doubleday says that this well aimed,
deliberate volley, left over five hundred dead and wounded
upon the field, and so demoralized the others that they gave
themselves up as prisoners. The volley certainly strewed the
field with dead and wounded, but it was the charge immedi-

1863 BAXTERS BRIGADE ENGAGED. 271

ately ordered by General Baxter, that produced the greatest
demoralization, and caused the surrender of most of the pris
oners. As soon as the enemy received the volley of musketry
they fell back to the cover of a ravine, or clitch, a short dis
tance to the rea", and it was there that Baxter's men found
them huddled up in great confusion ; they all surrendered, but
during the excitement the remnants of one regiment slipped
away, under cover of the bushes. Nearly two hundred men,
and three battle flags were brought in.

Of this movement, General Baxter says in his report :

* * * The brigade opened on the advancing foe a most deadly fire, soon causing
them to recoil and give \vay. Another line immediately took the place of that repulsed,
and this time they appeared on our right flank, making it necessary for the Ninetieth
Pennsylvania, Colonel I-.yle, to change front to meet them, which they did in perfect
order, receiving, meanwhile, a severe fire. Again the lines were repulsed and again
reenforced. The Ninety-seventh New York, Colonel Wheelock ; Eighty-third New
York, Lieutenant-Colonel Moesch ; and Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania, Major Foust ;
made a charge, capturing many prisoners ; the Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania taking two
battle flags, and the Ninety-seventh New York one from the enemy. The Twelfth
-Massachusetts had a galling fire on the flank of this brigade at this time, which, I
think, had a great influence on its surrender. We were relieved by the First brigade of
the Second division, having been engaged over two hours, having suffered severely
and expended our ammunition.

As the brigade was making its way back to the stone wall
with the prisoners, Ramseur's brigade was hurrying to the
support of Iversn.Vs, and a part of Baxter's men were obliged
to about face and repell the new assault. Ammunition was
getting scarce, and just as the men of the NINTH had ex
hausted theirs, Paul's brigade came to their relief. Cartridges,
found in the bo ;es of the dead and wounded, supplied the
NINTH with a few rounds, and the regiment was soon in con
dition to continue the battle. The brigade was now ordered
to the support of Stewart's battery.

It must be borne in mind that when the First corps
entered the field it mustered not more than eight thousand
men. For hours this small force had been contending with,
and holding at b.iy over thirty thousand of the enemy, and as
the Confederates crowded upon the flanks of each brigade —
there were not men enough to form a continuous line and

2/2 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

cover all the front of the enemy — General Doubleday saw
that unless speedily reenforced, he would be compelled to
retire. As the moments passed and no help arrived, he began
to be anxious about the safety of his artillery, many of the
horses having been killed and not enough left to haul off the
pieces. Repeated requests to Howard brought no relief,
while the men were being sacrificed. Out of two thousand
five hundred men, the First division had lost sixteen hundred
and sixty-seven.

About four o'clock the troops of the Eleventh corps gave
way, and this necessitated the falling back of the First.

General Doubleday says :

What was left of the First corps, after all this slaughter, rallied on Seminary Ridge.
Many of the men entered a semi-circle rail intrenchment, which I had caused to be
thrown up early in the day, and held that for a time by lying down and firing over the
pile of rails. The enemy were now closing in on us from the south, west and north,
and still no orders came for us to retreat. * * * Although the Confederates advanced
in such force, our men still made strong resistance around the Seminary, and by the
aid of our artillery, which was most effective, beat back and almost destroyed the
first line of Scales' brigade, (Fender's division of Hill's corps) wounding both Scales
and Fender. The former states that he arrived within seventy-five feet of the guns,
and adds : " Here the fire was most severe. Every field officer but one was killed
or wounded. The brigade halted in some confusion to return this fire." * * * Rob
inson was forced back toward the Seminary, but halted, notwithstanding the pressure
upon him, and formed line to save Stewart's Fourth U. S. battery, north of the rail
road cut, which had remained too long, and was in danger of being captured. * * *
As the enemy was closing in upon us, and crashes of musketry came from our right
and left, I had little hope of saving my guns, but I threw my headquarters' guard, under
Captain Glenn, of the One Hundred and Forty-ninth Pennsylvania, into the Seminary
and kept the right of Scales' brigade back twenty minutes longer, while their left was
held by Baxter's brigade of Robinson's division, enabling the few remaining troops,
ambulances, and artillery to retreat in comparative safety. Buford's cavalry also
assisted materially in stemming the enemy's advance.

Cemetery Hill was the rallying point for the infantry and
artillery, and to this point the Eleventh corps and the rem
nants of the First made their way. There was more or less
confusion during the retreat through the town, and large num
bers of the Union troops were captured. Among the prison
ers were many from the NINTH who were overtaken by the
pursuing enemy. There had been but the mere skeleton of a

1863 BATTLE GROUND OF THE SECOND AND THIRD. 273

regiment taken into action, and when the regiment arrived on
Cemetery Hill and a roll call was had, it was found that eighty-
two failed to respond to their names. How many of these
were killed or wounded it was then impossible to tell. Details
of losses are given at the end of this chapter.

When Cemetery Hill was reached it was learned that Gen
eral Hancock was there, in command of the field, and that the
necessary preparations had been made to hold that position
until the rest of the army should arrive. Upon Cemetery
Ridge it had been decided to mass the troops and continue the
great battle of the campaign. The ridge, beginning at the
point called Cemetery Hill, runs south from the town, and
parallel with Seminary Ridge. For about a mile it is quite
clearly defined, then the ground slopes down nearly to the
level of the plain, but soon rises again and forms the elevation
of Little Round Top, the summit of which is a little over two
miles distant from Cemetery Hill. A little less than half a
mile south of Little Round Top is a higher elevation, called
Round Top. Standing on Cemetery Hill, and facing the
town, the ridge breaks sharp to the east and south, and about
a mile distant is Gulp's Hill, at the eastern base of which runs
Rock Creek, the general course of which is south. South of
Gulp's Hill is a less elevated point called Steven's Hill, whose
southern slope is drained by a small brook emptying into Rock
Creek at Spangler's Spring. The crest of the ridge thus de
scribed has been likened in form to a fish hook — Cemetery
Ridge forming the shaft, Cemetery Hill the bend, and Gulp's
Hill and Steven's Hill the barbed end.

The Eleventh corps had been posted on Cemetery Hill
and Gulp's Hill, and as the First corps arrived, Wadsworth's
division was sent as a support to Gulp's Hill, and Robinson's
to a point on Cemetery Ridge near Ziegler's Grove. At about
five o'clock Baxter's brigade, now reduced to about six hun
dred, was placed near to and parallel with the Emmetsburg
road, and the men lost no time in throwing up temporary
"breastworks. The Third division — again under command of
Doubleday, General John Newton having been assigned to the

274 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

command of the corps — occupied the Cemetery. By six o'clock
the Twelfth corps was up, and nearly all the Third, and Gen
eral Siocum, now in command of the field — Hancock having
gone back to report to General Meade — felt that the position
was secure. Stannard's Vermont brigade, composed of new
troops, joined the First corps late in the afternoon, and was
assigned to Doubleday's division.

Daylight of the 2nd revealed the enemy occupying Semi
nary Ridge — the town — and with their left Hank extended to a
point opposite Gulp's Hill. General Meade had arrived dur
ing the night. The Second corps began to put in an appear
ance shortly after sunrise. The Fifth and Sixth corps were
yet some distance away, but marching rapidly towards the bat
tle-field. About ten o'clock Robinson's division was relieved
by the Second division — General Gibbon — of the Second
corps, Webb's brigade taking the place of Baxter's. The bri
gade only retired a short distance to the rear of the line, where
the men were enabled to boil a cup of coffee.

When Meade had completed his inspection of the ground,
his first thought was to attack the Confederate left, which had
been prolonged till it enveloped the eastern base of Gulp's
Hill, but, upon the advice of Generals Siocum and Warren, the
latter of whom was the Chief Engineer of the army, he aban
doned that plan and ordered an attack on Lee's right. We
cannot here enter into the details of the heroic fight made by
the Third corps under Sickles, supported by other portions of
the army, at the Peach Orchard, Wheat Field, and Devil's
Den ; nor of the defense of the Round Tops ; or of the bat
tle fought by the Eleventh and Twelfth corps at Cemetery
Hill and Gulp's Hill.

Shortly after daylight the enemy opened with artillery, but
there was little infantry firing until the Twelfth corps advanced
to drive Johnson's division from their lines. To assist the move
ment Baxter's brigade, with others, was sent, at about ten
o'clock, to the support of the Twelfth corps. By noon the
ground had been regained and at one in the afternoon the

1863 THE BATTLES OF THE SECOND. 275

division was sent over to the support of the batteries on the
right of Cemetery Hill.

At four o'clock in the afternoon Baxter's brigade was
ordered a short distance to the right in support of a
battery of the Eleventh corps, and while in that position
was subjected to a heavy artillery fire and the bullets
of the enemy's sharpshooters. Remaining there until six
o'clock, the brigade was then hurried off to the left to support
one of the divisions of the Third corps, then sorely pressed.
While moving into position a few men were killed and
wounded by the enemy's artillery fire. Throwing out a line
of skirmishers the brigade advanced a short distance, but the
enemy had fallen back at that point. It was now dusk and
the brigade was recalled and sent back to the support of a
portion of the line held by the Eleventh corps, and near the
position occupied while in support of the battery in the after
noon. Here it remained for the night.

At the close of the day the Union troops — with the excep
tion of those at the Round Tops — had been driven from the
advanced positions taken early in the day, but their line, not
withstanding the terrible losses sustained, was stronger and
more compact when night ended the carnage. Johnson's divis
ion of E well's corps had made the most serious breach in the
defensive line, having crossed Rock Creek and penetrated the
works of the Twelfth corps. The weather, during the early
part of the clay, had been cloudy, with light showers, but later
it was clear and warm.

Lee had made two attempts to pierce the Union line — on
the right and on the left — and had failed in both ; but he
determined to make one more effort, and decided to attack the
center. He could hardly afford, after having entered upon a
campaign of invasion, to retreat without fighting a decisive
battle. All his troops, except Pickett's division of Longstreet's
corps, had been engaged during the battles of the ist and 2nd,
and to Pickett — with his three brigades of Virginians, under
Generals Garnett, Armistead and Ke/nper — was assigned the

276 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

advance. This column was to be strongly supported on both
flanks by other divisions.

General Hancock had been entrusted with the command of
the Union center, defended by the Eleventh, Second, First and
Third corps, in the order named, from the right. During the
forenoon the enemy had been making the necessary prepara
tions for the assault.

About daylight of the 3rd the NINTH moved with the bri
gade to the same position occupied the previous afternoon in
support of a battery of the Eleventh corps

An opportunity is now given to know what took place at
that time behind the Confederate line, and from their stand
point to witness the supreme effort.

Colonel Owen, in T/ie Washington Artillery, says :

At one-thirty P. M. this note was brought by a courier to Colonel Waaon, as we
were sitting on our horses in a grove of oaks on the Emmetsburg Pike, opposite the
Peach Orchard.

HEADQUARTERS, July 3, 1863.

COLONEL: — Let the batteries open ; order great care and precision in firing. If
the batteries at the Peach Orchard cannot be used against the point we intend attack
ing, let them open on the Rocky Hill.

Most respectfully,

J. LONGSTREET,
To Col. WALTON, Chief of Artillery : Lieut. -Gen. Commanding.

Instantly orders were given to Major Eshleman (commanding the Washington
Artillery) to fire the signal guns, which was done ; and then began the most furious
cannonade the world ever saw. The one hundred and thirty-seven Confederate guns
were belching fire upon the enemy's lines, who replied with eighty guns more. Our
batteries fired nearly two hours, when the enemy's guns suddenly slackened their fire,
until they hardly returned shot for shot.

Soon all was still as death itself. It was but the calm before the storm. Pickett's
division, heroes of many battles, had been lying down during the cannonade. They
now arose and dressed their lines, the men fully comprehending the serious work be
fore them. Many were heard bidding good-by to comrades a few files fiom them.

Upon a signal from Colonel Alexander, who had been observing the effect of the
artillery fire upon the enemy, under the direction of General Longstreet, the whole
line moved forward out of the woods in common time. They had nearly a mile of open,
plain to cross in full sight of the enemy, and in range of his artillery, which had
opened again, and to ascend the Cemetery Hill and attack the works thereon.

Steadily they moved forward. McDonald's charge at Wagram was eclipsed. The
enemy were in their ranks, and, from behind stone fences, poured a storm of lead
into them. Men fell by scores. Still on they pressed without faltering. Heth's
division, commanded by General Pettigrew, now emerged from the woods in echelon*

1 863 CONFEDERATE ACCOUNTS. 277

going to Pickett's support They went in steadily at first for the purpose, but soon
were shaken by the storm of shot and shell that met them. Presently a small column
of the enemy emerged from the woods and began to form on their flank. The men
saw it, wavered, stopped, and then fell back in a panic, getting terribly punished as
they did so. In vain were all efforts to stop them. Longstreet, who had seen the
threatening move, sent Latrobe to warn General Pettigrew, but the rout had com
menced before he could meet him. His horse was shot under him as he rode across
the plain. Pickett, whose men were now well in, and in the flush of victory they
deserved, galloped down and implored the men to rally. Many other officers did the
same ; but it was all in vain. It was a panic such as will at times strike the best and
bravest troops, and no efforts could induce them to form anew while under the terrific
storm of fire. The division lost frightfully, but the worst effect was that Pickett's men,
who had behaved so gloriously, were now left to fight alone against overwhelming
odds.

Colonel Walter Harrison, of Pickett's staff, in his interest
ing volume, Pickett's Men, in describing the scene at its cul
mination, says :

The enemy again opened fresh batteries, at short range, which had been reserved
for this moment, and their infantry, from behind their sheltered position, poured a
destructive fire of musketry right into the faces of the men as they rushed up their
breastworks. * * *

Like a narrow wedge, driven into a solid column of oak, they soon broke through
the outer barrier of resistance, crushed in an inner rind of defence, and penetrated
even to the heart. They touched the vital point ; they made the life blood flow. They
stretched out a hand to grasp a victory at that moment ; but alas ! the blood-red hand
was not sufficiently strong. It was fierce to seize, but too feeble to retain. The nerve
and spirit to strike was there ; but the force to hold was impotent.

While the Confederates were hurling the bolts of death
from nearly one hundred and fifty guns, room could be found
for but eighty pieces on Cemetery Ridge, but these eighty
replied with good effect, until the ammunition, running low,
General Henry J. Hunt, the Chief of Artillery, ordered the
firing to cease, well knowing that he would have need of the
remaining cartridges to fire grape and canister at the enemy's
infantry when they should advance. The fire of so many
pieces of artillery had cleared Cemetery Ridge of all save the
men who lay in their ranks, behind stone walls, and such rude
defences as they had hastily constructed. The artillery suf
fered severely, some of the batteries having to be replaced
after the cannonade ceased. Caissons were blown up, and
horses killed by the score. The infantry suffered but little,

2/8 THE NINTH NK\V YORK. July

and were not in the least demoralized by the terrible storm of
shot and shell that fell all about them.

During this time Baxter's brigade was subjected to the
storm of the battle, and many were the grim jokes uttered
during its continuance. As boys in the dark sometimes whis
tle to keep their courage up, soldiers, when under fire and una
ble to reply in kind, manage to comfort and cheer each other
in passing remarks upon the enemy's marksmanship.

When the artillery ceased firing, the men in the ranks
coolly and quietly completed their preparations to meet the
onset of the Confederate infantry. Extra cartridges had been
provided, and many of the men laid out little piles of them in
convenient places. There was no excitement ; but a "rim

*• ^>

determination to hold their ground or die at their post. It
was not known upon what point of the line the bolt would
fall — perhaps it would be a grand advance of the enemy's
whole line ! But all doubt was soon set aside. From over
the ridge at the Emmetsburg road came a division, apparently
of three brigades, of five regiments each, and advanced
steadily in column of brigade front. When this leading col
umn had got well into the plain, the supporting divisions —
one on each flank — were noticed following. From ten to
fifteen thousand men were moving towards the Union line,
threatening to strike it like a wedge, and with force enough to
break through all obstacles !

General Hunt, meanwhile, had placed fresh batteries along
the line, with full limber-chests and caissons, and the Union
troops waited with confidence the issue of the conflict.

As the Second and Third divisions of the Second, and the
Third division of the First corps, were destined to receive and
repulse the attack, let us see how their ranks were formed :
On the right, and resting on the Emmetsburg road, in front
of Ziegler's Grove, was Hay's Third division of the Second
corps, Colonel Smyth's brigade on the left of the division, its
left (Fourteenth Connecticut) joining — except for an interval,
occupied in rear of the line of infantry by Arnold's battery —
the right of the Second division. The Second division was

1863 BATTLE OF THE THIRD. 279

under the command of General Harrow — Gibbon, its permanent
commander— pbeing temporarily in command of the corps.
General Alexander Webb's command, the Sixty-ninth, Seventy-
first, Seventy-second, and One Hundred and Sixth Pennsyl
vania, was Harrow's right brigade ; then came Colonel Hall's
brigade, and next Morrow's brigade, under Colonel Heath.

On Heath's left was the Third division of the First corps,
under General Doubleday. The First division of the Second
corps was on Doubleday's left. Woodruff's, Arnold's, Cush
ing's, Cowan's and Rorty's batteries were posted along Hay's
and Harrow's front. Hay's division and Webb's brigade were
behind a low stone wall. Cushing's pieces were in rear of
Webb. But few of the guns of the batteries named had any
thing but grape and canister to use, having expended their
long-range projectiles during the cannonade.

While engaged in the artillery duel the guns of Cushing's
battery — A, Fourth U. S. Artillery — were posted in rear of the
left wing of the Seventy-first and right of the Sixty-ninth,
who occupied the front line behind the stone wall. The
Seventy-second Pennsylvania was in rear of the battery. As
the Confederate divisions were advancing to the assault, dish
ing ran his six guns down to the stone wall, thereby compel
ling the left wing of the Seventy-first and right of the Sixty-
ninth Pennsylvania to fall back behind his pieces. The muz
zles of the guns now pointed over and beyond the stone wall.

When the enemy came within grape rani^e, Cushing's guns
had full play, and the men of the two regiments, which he had
displaced, were thankful that they were in no danger from the
canister cases, which, had the pieces been fired from their rear,
would doubtless have injured many, as would also the flame
and grains of unburned powder — so close were they to the
muzzles of the guns in their original position. The artillery
and infantry, to the right and left of Gibbon's division, also
opened upon Pickett's supports ; the men of Hay's division-
Smyth's brigade especially — being close enough to pour in a
destructive fire.

But through this decimating storm the assaulting column

280 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

pressed on up the gentle slope, the point of the wedge aimed
at Webb's brigade of Pennsylvanians. As the enemy comes
within two hundred yards the infantry pour their volleys of
musketry into the advancing column. Picketts' right support
— Wilcox's division — owing to some blunder, has failed to con
nect properly with the leading troops, and a wide gap opens
between them. Into this gap Stannard's brigade of Ver-
monters, and the Twentieth New York State militia (8oth
vols.) and One Hundred and Fifty-first Pennsylvania (under
command of Colonel Theodore B. Gates of the Twentieth) of
Doubleday's division, are pushed out to the front and perpen
dicular to the Union line, and fire into Picketts' right flank,

thereby forcing his men to crowd towards the left and center
of the advancing column, and producing more or less confu
sion in their ranks. Colonel Gates follows up the stricken
flank and continues to make it interesting- for the enemv,

O s '

while General Stannard turned his attention to Wilcox.
Some accounts say — in fact General Stannard himself so
described the movement — that he counter-marched two regi
ments of his brigade by the left, and brought the lines to face
the left flank of Wilcox who, by this time, had begun to fire
at Caldwell's First division of the Second corps, which occu
pied a position on Doubleday's left. This bold movement
was entirely successful ; the Vermonters poured such a
destructive fire into the unprotected flank of the enemy that
Wilcox was compelled to retreat in confusion.

The head of Pickett's division, had, by this time, become
much shattered by the destructive fire of artillery and
infantry, and General Armistead — commanding the rear bri
gade when the division first started — had surged to the front ;
a crowd follows him, straight for Webb's front and Cushing's

O O

guns ; he reaches the stone wall ; Cushing's gunners, now
behind and between their guns, are using handspikes, sabres
and sponge-staffs, while the men of the Sixty-ninth and Seven
ty-first Pennsylvania are mixed up with the artillerists in a
hand-to-hand fight with the enemy, whose colors crown the
stone wall. Webb hurriedly re-formed the men of these two-

1863 PICKETTs' CHARGE. 28 1

regiments, who have fallen further back up the slope, and, with
the Seventy-second Pennsylvania, who had been posted in
rear of the front line, moves forward to repulse the attack.
At the same time, two regiments of Hall's brigade — the Nine
teenth Massachusetts — Colonel Devereaux — and the Forty-
second (Tammany) New York— Colonel Mallon — under com
mand of the former, and who had been in the rear of the
other two regiments of the brigade, move forward through and
to the right of the "copse of trees," and add their fire in aid of
Webb. Armistead had fallen just as he reached the stone wall,
and in front of the muzzle of No. 3 gun of Cushing's battery.
His brave followers also crowd up to the wall, and across this
line Union and Confederate fight desperately for the mastery.
It is the supreme moment! Who shall yield? Victory to
those who shall move forward ! A cheer — a rush — and the
Boys in Blue crowd towards the stone wall ! The battle is-
won !

Then Pickett, who had so proudly said to Longstreet: " I shall lead my division for
ward, Sir ! " when he reached the ridge his men had so gallantly charged, had but to look,
around him to see that the ground could not be held. His supports all gone, his men
falling around him, his trusted Generals, Garnett, Armistead, and Kemper, and all the
field officers dead, or wounded unto death, his men fighting over the guns with
clubbed muskets and banner staves, the enemy in front and on each flank, and crowd
ing upon them in overwhelming numbers, he threw away his empty pistol, and, with
his great soldier heart almost bursting, gave the order for his remaining braves to fall
back. (Colonel Owen in The Washington Artillery, page 251.)

A great diversity of opinion still exists respecting the move
ments and positions of the opposing forces at this particular
time — and in this particular part of the line of battle. It has
been written that the enemy, led by Armistead, who sprang
over the stone wall waving his cap upon the point of his swordr
crowded into the space between the copse of trees and the
angle of the stone wall, and reached nearly to the crest of the
ridge. It has also been written that just before the enemy
reached the stone wall, Cushing, mortally wounded, and with
his bowels protruding, was working one of his ,guns ; and that
as Pickett's advance came close to the stone wall Cushing rant

282 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

his last serviceable gun down to the wall and called out to
Webb that he would fire one shot more, and as the piece was
discharged said "good-by" and fell dead. There is no one but
admires bravery — even recklessness is condoned — -upon the bat
tle field, but when old soldiers read such romantic and o-low-

ing accounts they are apt to turn up their eyes, shake their
heads and say — bosh !

In some of the maps representing the line covered by
Webb's brigade, three of Cushing's guns are shown close to the
stone wall, while the others are up near the top of the ridge in
front of the Seventy-second Pennsylvania. Captain Frederick
Fu^er, Fourth U. S. Art., was First Sergeant of Cushino;'s bat-

o o> o

tery during the Dattle. In reply to a letter written him by an
artist who was painting the death of Gushing, and which letter
the artist published in Scout and Mail, in December, 1885,
Captain Fuger is quoted assaying:

On the morning of July 3, 1863, Battery A occupied a position with their six guns
about one hundred and fifty feet from the stone wall, which was directly in front, and
we kept that position until the artillery du^l ceased on both sides. After the tiring
ceased, General Webb came up to where Gushing stood and said to Gushing : " It is
my opinion that the rebels will now advance their infantry and attack our position in
force." Gushing replied : " Then I had better run my guns right up to the stone
fence and bring all the canister alongside of each piece," to which General Webb said :
" Do so." The command was immediately given, and the six guns were run by hand
to the stone fence, leaving just room enough between the wall and wheels for can-
noniers numbers one and two to load ; limbers and caissons did not move. At this
time Lieutenant Gushing was not wounded.

Within fifteen or twenty minutes after we had our guns in the new position the
rebel infantry were seen advancing. The Seventy-second Pennsylvania (Baxter's
Zouaves) were directly in our front on the skirmish line,* and were obliged to fall back
as the enemy advanced in force. As soon as our battery was unmasked by the Seventy-
second, and the enemy were within four hundred yards of us, we commenced firing
single charges of canister, and at about that time Lieutenant Gushing was wounded in
the right shoulder (General Webb says the right shoulder strap was shot completely off,
yet not wounding him). When the enemy came within two hundred yards we fired
double charges of canister with terrible effect. Gushing, about this time, was again
wounded, in the scrotum, but still he stuck to his post and would not leave the battery.
All this time I was right alongside of Gushing, and imparted his orders to the men.

Still the enemy advanced, and Gushing ordered the men to triple the charges in the
guns. While finishing the command he was shot through the mouth and instantly
killed. At this time he was about one yard from the trail handspike, and to the right

* A small portion only of the Seventy-second were on the skirmish line, the bulk
of the regiment was in rear of the first position of the batter)'. — EDITOR.

1863 CUSHING'S BATTERY. 283

of it, it being number three piece of the battery. I stood to his right, about two feet
from him, with my pistol in my right hand, when I saw the Lieutenant fall forward. I
dropped my pistol and caught him round the body with both arms. I saw that he was
dead, and ordered Wright, of the battery, to carry Cushing's body to the rear. Lieu
tenant Joseph S. Milne, a volunteer officer (First R. I. batteiy) detailed July 2nd to fill
Lieutenant Canby's place, made vacant by his being wounded, and who had command
of the left half of our battery, was killed just a moment before Gushing, which left me
in command.

The insinuation of history that but one gun was run clown to the stone wall is
wrong. The report that Lieutenant Cushing's bowels were shot out is all nonsense.
Again, Lieutenant Gushing never fired a gun ; there was no occasion for him to do so.
We had men enough left to do that. The Lieutenant had enough to do to watch the
enemy and give the necessary commands. After sending Cushing's body to the rear
I fired a few rounds of canister ; when the enemy was almost on the top of us I
ceased firing, and told the men to pitch in with anything they had in their hands,
such as pistols, sabres, sponge-staves and handspikes, which I am glad to say they did
in good style. General Webb's brigade was now right with us, led by the General in
person. A few minutes and all was over, the rebels retreating. General Armistead
was instantly killed right in front of the muzzle of number three piece. Understand
there was a stone wall between that gun and General Armistead. The wall was
about fourteen inches in thickness, and the muzzle projected over it. The General was
dressed in a gray uniformed coat, buttoned up, and wore a black slouch hat, with sabre
in his right hand.

In the Magazine of American History, July, 1887, Colonel
Deveraux describes the part taken by the two regiments under
his command. We quote :

We see that Webb (on the right) cannot firmly hold his men against the shock of
that fierce charge, though he may throw himself with reckless courage in front to face
the storm, and beg, threaten, and command.

Hall's right, overlapped, has to sag back with sullen fury, swaying to the rear from
the pressure, but swaying forward again like ocean surges against a rock. This creates
disorder, heightened by the men of Harrow's brigade (on the left) surging also in that
direction, apparently without orders or concert, but guided by some instinct of hurry
ing to the rescue. Everything was in confusion, regimental organization was lost,
ranks were eight or ten deep, pushing, swaying, struggling, refusing to yield, but
almost impotent for good,

A great gap yawns immediately between Webb and Hall.

The entire .width of Oak Grove, and for some distance the right, is stripped of
defence on our line. Every gun on our front there is silenced. Woodruff, Gushing,
Brown, Rorty, and every other commissioned officer, almost without exception, of the
respective batteries, is dead or disabled, and Gibbon badly wounded.

Was this devoted Second corps, whose proud boast it was that it " never lost a gun
or a color," to succumb at last ?

" Mallon, we must move." Just then a headlong rush of horses feet, spurred to the
utmost came up the hollow behind from the direction of the Baltimore pike. I turned.
There, looking the very embodiment of the god of war, rode Hancock the " Superb."

I shouted as he nearly trampled on my men, still lying down and as yet unseen by

284 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

him. He threw his horse upon its haunches. " See," I cried, " their colors ; they have
broken through. Let me get in there."

His characteristic answer fitted time and place, and he shot like an arrow past my
left towards Hall's struggling lines, receiving in a few seconds, the wound that swept
him from his saddle and so nearly cost him his life.

Meanwhile Mallon, springing from my side, was instantly with his men, and both
regiments on the double quick moved side by side to fill t hat fearful gap. The two
lines came together with a shock which stopped both and caused a slight rebound.
For several minutes they faced and fired into each other at a distance (which I care
fully measured after the fight) a little short of fifteen paces. Everything seemed
trembling in the balance. Whichever side could get a motion forward must surely
win. General Alexander S. Webb I couldn't see. Just then I felt rather than saw
Hall, as he appeared at my side. " We are steady now," he said. " Sure ; but we
must move," I replied.

#*#* #####*

Mallon had by this time warped round the right of the grove a little. The oppos
ing lines were standing as if rooted, dealing death into each other, how long it is
impossible to say with exactness. There they stood and wouldn't move. All of a
sudden a strange, resistless impulse seemed to urge the Union arms. I can compare
it only to a Titan's stride. Our lines seemed to actually leap forward. There was at
once an indescribable rush of thick, hurrying scenes. I held the blunted apex of the
re-entering angle, which was the appearance made by our lines.

A yell ! A shout

My line seemed to open as if by magic. It was not a Might, however. A flood of
unarmed, defenceless men poured through. They almost ran over me. The remnant
of Pickett's gallant men abandon that nearly invincible charge, and Gettysburg trans
lated reads, A Nation Saved.

Soon after the great artillery duel ceased Baxter's brigade
was sent a short distance to the left — still on Cemetery Riclge —
but had hardly formed line of battle before it was ordered still
further to the left, where it took position upon the right of the
Third division — General Hays — of the Second corps. Mean
while Pickett's charge had been repulsed and the enemy had
again opened a heavy artillery fire, to which the brigade was
subjected during this last movement. The enemy's sharp
shooters, too, sent their bullets about the moving column.
When line had been formed the Twelfth Massachusetts and a
detachment of the Ninetieth Pennsylvania — preceded by skir
mishers — moved forward and drove the enemy's sharpshooters
and skirmish line back. The brigade remained here during

o o

the night.

During the progress of the main battle minor engagements
had been fought at other points — mainly attacks by the enemy

COLONEL COULTER. 285

to prevent reinforcements being sent to Cemetery Ridge. In
these contests the Union troops were generally victorious.

It was expected by the enemy, and by the Union troops
too, that Meade would order a counter attack as soon as the
Confederate assault had failed, but no orders were issued to
that effect. It has been reported that Meade expected
another attack, and simply expressed his belief that the Army
of the Potomac would be able to maintain its position.

Major A. R. Small, then Adjutant of the Sixteenth Maine,
and A. A. A. G. of the First brigade of Robinson's division,

relates, in his regimental history, many interesting incidents
connected with the battle General Paul had been severely
wounded on the ist, and Colonel Coulter of the Eleventh
Pennsylvania had been transferred, with his regiment to the
First brigade, and the Colonel placed in command. Major
Small says respecting the battle of the 3d :

Colonel Coulter established his headquarters in an A tent, pitched by his orders on
the brow of the hill at the left of the Cemetery, in the edge of a grove. * * * During
the fusilade, Colonel Coulter, who had been tearing up and clown the line to cool his im
patience, suddenly exclaims : " Where in hell is my flag . Where do you suppose
that cowardly — — has skedaddled to ! Adjutant, you hunt him up and bring him
to the front before the color is missed." Away the Adjutant went, but returned in
season to see the Colonel snake him out from behind a stone wall, where he had lain
down with the flag folded up to avoid attracting attention. Colonel Coulter shook out
the folds, placed the staff in the poor fellow's hands, and double-quicked him towards
the front line.

Just then a shell exploded in a low wall, killing a horse, and sending a blinding
shower of gravel and dirt broadcast. Again seizing the staff, he planted the end
where the shell had burst, and said : " There, orderly, hold it in position, and if I can't

get you killed in ten minutes, by G ! I'll post you right up among the batteries."

Riding away, he laughingly remarked : " The poor devil don't know that I could'nt
put him in a safer place. Two shells rarely explode in the same spot, and if he obeys
orders he will be safe, and I'll know where my headquarters are." He dashed reck
lessly down the line to return in a. few minutes with a bullet in his shoulder. Looking
pale, I asked if he would dismount. " No, no, not now. Who in hell would suppose
a sharpshooter would hit a crazy bone that distance."

At seven o'clock the little handful composing the NINTH
regiment was sent out on picket, and posted on ground in
front of the ridge. The dead and wounded were still lying
where they had fallen, and the groans and cries of the latter

286 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

were heard through the entire night. Shortly after midnight
the men of the NINTH were relieved from outpost duty.

During the night relief parties went over the field bringing-
in many of the wounded, but at daylight of the 4th the enemy
began picket firing and the humane labors were suspended.
Light showers had cooled the air somewhat and, fortunately
for the wounded vet remaining; on the field, the morning" was

J ^> O

cloudy.

Yes, the Confederate army of Northern Virginia was
beaten, and at the same moment General Grant was dictatine

the terms of the surrender of Vicksburg. The 4th of luly,
1863, was a notable day in the history of the country. The
high tide of Rebellion reached no further than Cemetery
Riclge. The banks of the Mississippi and the hills of Penn
sylvania sent each other greetings upon the auspicious occa
sion. The boys in blue felt that a long stride had been taken
in the suppression of the Rebellion, and those who wore the
gray must have realized, that ere long, they would be com
pelled to lay down their arms and return to their allegiance.

During the entire day picket firing continued — now in
dulged in by both sides. At nine in the evening the NINTH
was again sent out on picket, and remained till half-past three
the next afternoon — the 5th. Shortly after being relieved it
was noticed that the enemy's pickets were being withdrawn,
and it was soon rumored that Lee's army was marching in
retreat towards the Potomac. Without following that defeated
army in detail, it is only necessary to mention that, with but
little molestation from General Meade, Lee crossed the Poto
mac at Williamsport on the. night of the i3th. President Lin
coln had sent urgent and repeated orders to Meade to attack
the Confederates, who had been prevented from crossing
earlier, by reason of the high water ; but when Meade got
ready the enemy had made good his escape. How like Me-
Clellan at Antietam !

The Compe-de-Paris {History of the Civil War in Amer
ica] places the Union loss in the campaign at 2,834 killed,
13,709 wounded, and 6,643 missing; total, 23,186 ; the Confed-

COLONEL JOSEPH A. MOESCH.

1863 THE LOSSES. 287

erates at 2,665 killed, 12,599 wounded, 7,464 missing; total,
22,728.

The NINTH took into action a total of less than two hun
dred men. The officers were: Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph
A. Moesch, commanding; Captain Henry V. Williamson, act
ing Major; Henry P. Clare, Adjutant; Captains Thomas W.
Quirk, Company A, and Frederick Guyer, Company D ; Lieu
tenants Charles A. Clark, Company B ; Cyrus C. Hubbard,
Company C ; Henry Ferret, Company D; Lawrence M. Whit
ney, Company E ; Jacob Jacobs, Company F ; Thomas W.
Thorne, Company G ; John B. Dolan and Henry A. Van Felt,
Company H ; William J. Barnes, Company I ; and John M. K.
Connolly, Company L.

During the last two days of the battle the NINTH suffered
no loss, except a few slightly wounded, of which no account
was taken. In the first day's battle the loss was 7 killed
or died of wounds, and 18 wounded. Captain Quirk
and Lieutenant Clark were killed, Lieutenants Jacobs
and Whitney wounded, and Lieutenant Barnes was taken pris
oner. The latter was not released until January 5th, 1865,
long after the regiment had been mustered out of the service.
Fifty-eight men were made prisoners on July ist, but about
thirty escaped from their captors within the next few days.

The enlisted men killed were : Privates Dominick Zim.
merman, Company B ; William H. Robbins, Company C ;
Patrick Burns, Company H ; Francis Westervelt, Company I ;
Sergeant Henry J. Curry, Company L.

From Tregaskis' compilation, published in July, 1888, we
find that the losses in killed, wounded and missing, in the
Union Army at Gettysburg — excluding the cavalry — were as
follows :

First corps, 5,919; Second corps, 4,201; Third corps,
4,104; Fifth corps, 2,144; Sixth corps, 230; Eleventh corps,
3.732 ; Twelfth corps, 1,072.

The average losses by brigades are shown to be : First
corps, seven brigades, 845 4-7 ; Second corps, ten brigades,
420 i-io; Third corps, six brigades, 68d • Fifth corps, eight

288 THE NINTH NEW YORK. July-

brigades, 268; Sixth corps, eight brigades, 28^; Eleventh
corps, six brigades, 622; Twelfth corps, six brigades, 2/81.
Robinson's division of the First corps lost 9 officers killed,
68 wounded and 52 captured or missing; 81 enlisted men killed,
545 wounded, and 931 captured or missing; a total of 1,685,
and yet, when General Meade made his official report, this organ
ization was not mentioned. This omission called forth the
following letter from General Robinson :

HEADQUARTERS, 2ND Div. FIRST ARMY CORPS,

November 15, 1863.

GENERAL — I feel it is my duty to inform you of the intense mortification and dis
appointment felt by my division in reading your report of the battle of Gettysburg'.
For nearly four hours, on July ist, we were hotly engaged against overwhelming num
bers, repulsed repeated attacks of the enemy, captured three flags and a very large
number of prisoners, and were the last to leave the field. The division formed the
right of the line of battle of the First corps, and, during the whole time had to fight
the enemy in front and protect our right flank (the division of the nth corps being at
no time less than half a mile in rear). We went into action with less than 2,500 menr
and lost considerably more than half our number. We have been proud of our efforts
on that day, and hoped that they would be recognized. It is but natural we should
feel disappointed, that we are not once referred to in the report of the Commanding
General.

Trusting you will investigate this matter and give us due credit,

I am, General, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN C. ROBINSON,

Brig ,-Gen'l. Comdg . Division.
Major-General G. G. MEADE,

Commanding Army of the Potomac.

1863 A STERN CHASE. 289

CHAPTER XVI.

AFTER GETTYSBURG.— THE MINE RUN CAMPAIGN.

Retreat of the Confederate Army. — A Weak Pursuit. — Lee Crosses the Potomac. — .
The NINTH Enters Virginia Again. — Arrival of Drafted Men and Substitutes. —
Character of Many of these Recruits. — Promotions in the Regiment. — Advance
Against the Enemy Changed to a Retreat. — Auburn and Bristoe. — Centreville. —
Lieutenant-Colonel Chalmers. — Meacle Moves to Attack Lee, who Declines
Battle. — Army of the Potomac Retraces its Steps. — Battle at the Rappahannock.
— Brandy Station. — Mine Run. — Movements of the NINTH. — The Campaign a
Fizzle. — Back Again Across the Rappahannock. — Winter Quarters. — Cedar
Mountain. — A Monument to General Reynolds.

7 T was on the 5th that General Sedgwick started after the
enemy with his Sixth corps, and, upon reaching Fairfield
Pass, eight miles southwest from Gettysburg, found Early, in
command of the Confederate rear guard, too strongly posted to
warrant an assault. Meanwhile, the Union cavalry was active
in harassing the trains of the enemy. The next day the NINTH,
mustering less than one hundred men, but full of the enthusiasm
which victory had inspired, marched in their place with the
other regiments of the command, and towards evening reached
Emmetsburg. Tents were pitched in the same field occupied
by them on the night of the 3Oth of June.

The private soldier knows but little of the plans of the
commanding general — he is but a mere instrument in the
hands of those in authority, and the greater the subordination
of the rank and file, the more effective do these instruments
become in the hands of brave and skillful generals. But the
men composingothe Union Army had a fashion of doing a
good deal of thinking, and also of expressing their thoughts
upon their commanding officers and the conduct of the cam
paigns in which they were engaged. Never before, in the his
tory of the world, did an army contain so many "thinking
bayonets," and, as the Union troops plodded along in this
stern chase after the defeated Confederates, many were the

THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

conjectures as to when and where Meade would bring the
enemy to bay, and by a bold stroke crush him before he could
re-cross into Virginia. The escape of Lee's army after Antie-
tarn was recalled, and the hope expressed that there would be
no repetition of such "strategy" or tactics as turned that bat
tle from a positive to a negative victory.

On the morning of the /th the march was resumed. The
roads were heavy, owing to the recent rains, and much cut
up by the artillery and wagons. The column passed through
Mechanicsville and Lewiston, and then turned west to cross
the Catoctin range. The turnpike was then given up to the
trains, while the infantry trudged along through cart roads and
paths, rough and stony, until the base of the mountains was
reached, when they went into bivouac for the night. A detail
from the regiment was sent out on picket towards the pass.
At daylight of the 8th the men were in line again, the moun
tain range was soon crossed, and the column headed south
ward. A short distance beyond Middle.town, the troops halted
long enough for the Quartermaster to issue some clothing and
shoes ; many of the men were almost barefooted — some entirely
so. South Mountain was crossed at Turner's Gap, and a
short distance below the Mountain House, a place familiar to
the NINTH, line of battle was formed, and a rough breastwork
thrown up, behind which the men lay down for the night.
Cannonading had been heard during the day in the direction
of Boonsboro. No movement was made on the Qth ; the men
remained behind the breastworks, and several rumors during
the day led some to believe that a collision would take place
with the retreating army.

Six o'clock in the morning of the loth found the column
on the march towards Boonsboro, through which town the
NINTH soon passed, thence on, in a northerly direction, and
about noon an intrenched line of battle was formed. But a
short halt was made when the column again pushed forward;
towards evening another line was formed and a rough
defence of logs, rails, and dirt thrown up, behind which the

1863 FORTIFYING A GARDEN.

men slept for the night. On the nth nothing of importance
occurred, so far as the NINTH was concerned.

At noon of the i2th the corps was in motion again.
Funkstown, evacuated that morning by the enemy, was passed
through, Antietam Creek crossed soon after, and upon arriv
ing within sight of Hagerstown, then occupied by Lee's forces,
line of battle was soon formed. Previous experience had
taught the men that even a slight breastwork of rails, and
which could be constructed in a few minutes, was a handy
thing to have in their front when in the presence of the
enemy, and during this march, it will be noticed that these
impromptu affairs were frequently built. At this last stop
ping place, the line of battle happened to encroach upon a
farmer's garden. Poor fellow, he had seen something of the
devastation caused by war during the Maryland campaign,
the year before, and when the men began to " fortify " his gar
den, he verily believed that a battle was about to be fought in
his own door-yard, and he was wild with fear. Rain fell dur
ing the night, and as the tents had not been pitched, the men
got a good soaking.

At daylight of the r3th the enemy opened with artillery
on the Union lines, but it was soon silenced by the return fire.
The First, Sixth and Eleventh corps, which now formed the
right wing of the army, were under the command of General
Sedgvvick, and the First corps was on the extreme right at
Hagerstown, while the extreme left of the army was at
Bakersville, seven miles south. During the day the NINTH
remained behind their rude breastworks, strengthening the
line here and there, and waiting for orders. Fresh tioops, to
make good the recent losses, were arriving ; the First Mary
land, Eighth, Thirty-ninth, Forty-sixth and Fifty-first Massa
chusetts, joining the division. It was rumored, during the
afternoon and evening, that the enemy was to be attacked
early the next morning, but the morning of the I4th found the
Confederates safely across the Potomac.

On the morning of the I5th the line of march was south,
the NINTH passing through Keedysville, thence towards

THE NINTH NEW YORK. July

Rohrersville, and after a hard march of about twenty-two miles,
bivouacking for the night at Crampton's Gap in the South
Mountain. Rain had fallen for two days and the roads were
very muddy. Early in the afternoon of the i6th the column
reached the vicinity of Berlin, on the Potomac, where the
troops awaited the building of a pontoon bridge, completed on
the i/th. At six o'clock in the morning of the iSth the NINTH,
for the fourth and last time, crossed into Virginia. The route
was by Lovettsville and Waterford, the troops halting for the
night near the latter place, where a strong Union sentiment pre
vailed. On the igth Hamilton was reached, a short march of
six or eight miles. Three o'clock the next morning found the
NINTH on the road again. Goose Creek was forded early in
the day, and late in the afternoon a halt was ordered near
Middleburor

The main body of the Confederate army was marching up
the Shenandoah valley, but parties of their cavalry were scout
ing about the front and flanks of the Union troops, ready to
pounce upon stragglers or small parties. While some mem
bers of General Newton's staff were reconnoitering they were
"gobbled up." On the night of the 22nd a ten-mile march was
made to White Plains, on the Manassas Gap railroad, and there
the regiment remained till eight o'clock in the morning of the
23d, when the southward journey was resumed. \Varrenton
was reached late in the day, and the enemy appearing in force,
line of battle was formed ; the troops advanced, those in
front engaging the enemy and capturing a number of prisoners,
some cattle and a few wagons. During the 24th the men
worked upon a line of earthworks, but at five o'clock the next
morning the army moved forward. The NINTH was detailed
to guard the corps wagon train and marched in the direction of
Warrenton Junction. Leaving the train there the regiment
rejoined the brigade, which remained in line of battle till sun
down, when the railroad was followed toward Bealton, where,
at nine o'clock in the evening, it halted.

On the 2-th the regiment was sent out on picket duty, two
miles north of Bealton, where it remained twenty-four hours.

1 863 ARRIVAL OF CONSCRIPTS. 293

Gangs of men were busily engaged repairing the railroad, so
that supplies might be forwarded from Washington ; block
houses, too, were built along the line, generally at the crossings
of streams to protect the bridges Little of importance
occurred for some time.

On August ist the regiment .marched to Rappahannock
Station, crossed the river and threw up intrenchments at the
same place occupied by it the year before, and which was
so stoutly defended for two or three days. On the 4th the
enemy appeared, the men were called to arms, and from be
hind the works had the pleasure of seeing the "Johnnits"
driven back by the Union cavalry. On the 8th the regiment
occupied an intrenched camp vacated by the Fifth Maryland
of the Third division, and which was named Camp Rappahan
nock. The Army moved on the 9th, but Baxter's brigade was
left to guard the bridge. On the I4th the first conscripts—
or drafted men — the NINTH had seen arrived from Pennsyl
vania, and were assigned to the Ninetieth regiment, from that
State, and on the 15th the Twelfth and Thirteenth Massa
chusetts received accessions of the same kind of material.
The rank and file of the army looked upon this class of recruits
as a very undesirable addition to the army. Socially, they
were almost ostracised, and to this fact was doubtless clue the
numerous desertions, which commenced at the date of their
arrival. On the I5th it was deemed advisable to cross to the
north bank of the river for a better camp ground. It seemed
as though active operations had, for the time, been sus
pended.

On the 2Oth two hundred conscripts arrived for the
NINTH, and the next day the work of making soldiers of them
began. They were divided into squads, and drilled from six
to eight o'clock in the morning, and from four to six in the
afternoon. It was too much for some of the greenhorns, for
on the 23rd the surgeons examined a few who were found
totally unfit for military duty, and they were sent home-
rejoicing, no doubt. Ninety-four more were received on the
.27th, and by the 29th arms and equipments were supplied, and

294 THE NINTH NEW YORK. September

the recruits took their places in the ranks. The weather dur
ing the month had been very hot, fortunately the men had
not much marching and there was but little sickness.

On the ist of September the weather was delightful. The
days were not so warm nor the nights as cool as during August.
Daily drills were making the recruits quite proficient in the
manual of arms, and in company and battalion movements.
On the i3th a reconnoissance in force was made by the cav
alry towards Culpeper. General Meade had learned of the
departure of Longstreet's command to join Bragg in Tennes
see, and was desirous of attacking Lee's army, now so greatly
reduced in numbers. The Confederates were driven beyond
the Rapidan, and Meade ordered forward the infantry to Cul
peper, where his own headquarters were also established. It
was not until the i6th that Baxter's brigade moved forward.
The Rappahannock was crossed at daybreak, and the column
soon passed Brandy Station, then moving through woods,
fields and swamps, it halted within three miles of Culpeper.

On the 2Oth Dr. Nordquist, who had been Medical
Director of the division since November, 1862, was appointed
Medical Inspector of the First Corps, a worthy tribute to his
value as an officer and his skill as a physician.

About this time the conscripts began to disappear rapidly.
How they could make their way — undetected — to the north side
of the Potomac, 's a mystery explainable only by the supposi
tion that guard' and teamsters were bribed to favor their
escape. On the 28th Lieutenant-Colonel Moesch, other
officers, and Sergeant Bowne, with a detail for guard, who had
been sent to New York for the purpose, arrived with three
hundred and sixty-five conscripts. What a medley ! A
number of them could not speak English. Many of them
were French Can'adians, and had doubtless been sent on as
substitutes for drafted citizens.

One of the men in writing home about this time said :

The new men are from all parts of the world. We have got blustering- English
men, canny Scotchmen, jolly Irishmen, jabbering Frenchmen, slow and go easy
Dutchmen, and a lot of mongrel Canadians. There is a Chinaman in one company,.

1863 CRIMINALS JN THE ARMY. 295

and an Indian in another. We have also got a lot of countrymen who glory in
being called " Yankees." Take them all together they \\ill make good soldiers, if
properly handled.

When it was afterwards learned that among the recruits
were criminals, who had been induced to enlist in the army
in order to escape incarceration in jail, the old members were
justly indignant. It is a fact that judges of petty courts gave
the convicted prisoners the choice of going to jail or enlisting
in the army or navy ! Is it to be wondered at, that when the
three years for which the regiment enlisted had expired, the
original members refused to reenlist, as a body, in the old
regiment ?

The new men kept the non-commissioned officers busy all
day long. Squad drills, with and without arms, were the
order of the day, and by dint of much hard work, the new
material soon presented a fair appearance on parade.

General Hooker, with the Eleventh and Twelfth corps,
under Howard and Slocum, had left the army on the 24th, to
reenforce Rosecrans at Chattanooga, whose a '•my had been
badly whipped at Chicamauga on the 2Oth.

The 2nd of October was signalized by the execution of a
member of one of the Pennsylvania regiments, who had been
found guilty of sleeping upon his post while on picket duty.
Infliction of the extreme penalty was rare in the army, but
occasionally the commanding general found it necessary to
make an example of a particularly flagrant case, in order that
the men might not think the articles of war a dead letter.
The firing party was taken from Company E of the Twelfth
Massachusetts, and the execution witnessed by the whole di
vision.

General Meacle had now determined to advance against
the enemy, and it seems that General Lee had made up his
mind to do the same thing. On the yth the Union Signal
corps, posted on the top of Cedar Mountain, discovered that
the enemy was moving large bodies of troops ; their signals
had been interpreted also, and Meade was soon informed of
the movement against him. Inasmuch as Lee had moved first,

296 THE NINTH NEW YORK. October

Meade was compelled to assume the defensive. Lee's plan
seems to have been well laid — it was to move Hill's corps to
the northwest and cross Robertson's river, the north fork of
the Rapidan, near its source, and approach Culpeper from the
north, while Ewell's column should advance by way of James
City on the southwest. The success of this plan would com
pel Meade to fight a battle in order to regain his communica
tions, and as the Union army was somewhat scattered, Lee
was hopeful of being able to accomplish his design. The
withdrawal of the enemy's pickets from the south side of
the Rapidan, on the morning of the Qth, led Meade to believe
that Lee was retreating, and he ordered an advance across the
river. Meanwhile, news of the enemy moving around the
right flank of the army was received ; Stuart's cavalry had
already struck the outposts and approached James City near
enough to shell the town, seven miles from Culpeper. Hill
had reached Griffinsburg, five miles northwest of Culpeper.
During the loth Meade seemed to be at a loss just what course
to pursue, but the developments of the day made it neces
sary for him to fall back, and in the evening he ordered the
army to retire behind the Rappahannock.

At nine o'clock in the night the NINTH was in line es
corting the wagon train. The march was in an easterly
direction ; Stevensburg was passed, and the column pushed on,
crossing the Rappahannock at Kelly's Ford ; thence striking
north, and reaching Bealton at noon of the iith. The Union
cavalry had an arduous task to perform during the retreat of
the army, and manfully did they execute it. Lee was not
aware that Meade had fallen back, and when his troops were
in position — as he thought — to strike the Union army at
Culpeper, that army was a dozen miles away.

On finding that Meade had retreated Lee still pursued his
plan of turning the Union right, and on the morning of the
I2th Hill was marching north towards Amisville, while Ewell
was pressing on the Warrenton road, which crosses the river
eight miles northwest of Rappahannock Station. Meade, in
order to determine the exact location of 'Lee's army, ordered

1863 UNION ARMY AGAIN RETREATS. 297

the Second, Fifth and Sixth corps to recross the river on the
morning of the i 2th, and advance towards Culpeper. Buford's
cavalry covered the front and flanks. It will thus be seen that
the two armies were marching almost on parallel lines — but
in opposite directions. Buford encountered considerable op
position before he arrived within sight of Culpeper; he found,
of course, that the Confederate infantry was not there, and
when he informed Meade, that officer was at a loss to know
where his adversary was. By a strange concurrence of events,
the Union cavalry, who were opposing Stuart and Hill, were
unable to notify Meade of the advance of the Confederates on
his right and rear. It was not until ten o'clock in the evening
that he learned the true condition of affairs — that the enemy
had crossed the river at Sulphur Springs ! The line of the
Rappahannock, therefore, was lost, and nothing was left for
him but to retreat— as Pope did in 1862 — to the next best de
fensive position. But Meade had profited by the experience
of his predecessors and he determined to fight his battle on the
heights of Centreville. The Compte de Paris says: History
of the Civil War in America, Vol. III., page 765 :

" This resolution was not worthy of the conqueror of Gettysburg. He ought to have
known that his adversary had not more than thirty-six thousand infantry present under
arms ; even had he believed him stronger, he should not have allowed himself to be
pushed back almost under the guns of Washington without a serious effort to prevent it."

At half-past two in the morning of the 13th reveille turned
the men out, and at seven o'clock they were on the march, four
companies in advance, the balance of the regiment in rear of
the corps wagon train. On arriving at Weaver's Mills, at
about two P. M., the regiment was relieved, and ordered to

join the brigade. The march was continued till late in the
evening, when, upon reaching the vicinity of Bristoe Station,
the command halted for the night. The third corps was at
Greenwich, the Second at Auburn, the Sixth a short distance
beyond Kettle Run, while the Fifth was near the First, at Bris
toe. It must be borne in mind that the Confederate infantry
was all north and west of the Union army, endeavoring to turn
its right flank, but Stuart, with the cavalry, is south and east

298 THE NINTH NEW YORK. October

and, in his impetuous manner, has been trying to break or pene
trate the Union line of retreat. At ni^rht he finds himself,

with a portion of his command, hemmed in between the Union
forces at Catlett's Station and Auburn. Fortunately for him
his precarious position is unknown to the Union generals.

At daylight of the I4th the troops were again put in
motion. In order to protect the line of march skirmishers
were sent out on both flanks, and Centreville was reached
without molestation at about one P. M. During the afternoon
a portion of the corps, including Baxter's brigade, was sent
forward to the north and west, and line of battle formed north
of the Stone Bridge, by which the Warrenton road crosses
Bull Run. The Sixth corps occupied the extreme right of the
army, and was in position near Chantilly. During the day
the Second corps, the rear guard of the Army of the Potomac,
in its march from Auburn to Catlett's Station, encountered
Stuart's cavalry ; on the march to Bristoe it also had a
sharp engagement with portions of the Confederate infantry,
defeating the enemy and capturing some guns and battle-flags.
For these two engagements, " Auburn " and " Bristoe " were
inscribed on the colors of the regiments of Warren's corps.
After dark, Warren, knowing that he had nearly the whole
Confederate' army upon his left flank, quietly withdrew, and
by daylight of the I5th was safe, having formed a junction
with the left of the army, on the east side of Bull Run, at
Blackburn's Ford. When Lee found the Union army occu
pying such a strong position, he declined to attack.

During the isth the NINTH, with the brigade, moved to

O V-* *>

the rear and right, in order to connect with the Sixth corps,
and remained in this position until the iQth. While resting, it
may be well to note some matters of interest that occurred
during the late march.

As the muster rolls of the regiment had been swelled by
the arrival of conscripts, the NINTH was again entitled to a full
complement of field and line officers, and on the i6th, during
a halt on the line of march, it was announced that Lieutenant-
Colonel Moesch had been promoted Colonel, and William

1863 LIEUT.-COLONEL CHALMERS ARRIVES. 299

Chalmers, Lieutenant-Colonel, so that, with Major Williamson,
the field roster was complete. The Major had been appointed
in March, but, owing to the reduced numbers in the regiment,
had not been commissioned until the 5th of October. Both
the Colonel and Major had earned their promotion by long
and faithful service with the regiment, but Lieutenant-Colonel
Chalmers was a stranger and owed his appointment to person
al influence at the State Capital. He was the only officer
thus thrust upon the regiment, all the others having earned
their promotion, step by step. It was this arbitrary method,
adopted by other governors, as well as by the Governor of
New York, that often chilled the patriotism of the volunteers
in the field. Many regiments had seen band-box soldiers sent
fresh from the capital lobbies, to fill — and disgrace — the places
assigned them ; to exercise authority over the veterans of
many battles, and usurp places due to those who had borne
the heat and burdens of the campaigns. The NINTH had
nothing against the new Lieutenant-Colonel as a man, but it

o o

•was the principle involved which disturbed them, and although
he joined the regiment early in November, and remained with
it until the muster out in 1864, he never enjoyed the confi
dence of his brother officers, nor the respect or esteem of the
rank and file.

During this time, while the Union Army had remained com
paratively quiet, the enemy had been busily engaged in tearing
up the railroad and destroying stations and water tanks.
Knowing that he was not strong enough to attack Meade, Lee
had determined to retreat towards his base of supplies, and to
so fully destroy the railroad that his adversary could barely
have it repaired, in time for another advance, before the winter
storms caused a suspension of active operations. By his bold
and skillful maneuvers, the Confederate general had driven a
superior force for fifty or sixty miles — time had been gained,
and if the Union Army could be kept from active operations
till Spring, the Confederates would then be in better shape to
assault — or defend.

General Halleck had been urging Meade to attack Lee,

1OO THE NINTH NEW YORK. October

and the Union commander was thus obliged to take the initia
tive. A heavy rain raised the fords of Bull Run, and before
the pontoons could be thrown across for the use of the
infantry, Lee's army was a day's march away, followed only by
the Union cavalry.

While it was still raining on the morning of the iQth the
NINTH was ordered under arms, and at eioht o'clock betjan

o o

the march, passing through Gainesville and reaching Hay-
market at three in the afternoon, where it remained till the
next morning. During the night several alarms were occa
sioned by the enemy's cavalry, small parties of which scoured
the country between the lines. The morning of the 2Oth, and
up to four o'clock in the afternoon, was spent in line of bat
tle ; at the latter hour the march was resumed and Thorough
fare Gap reached at nine in the evening. Pushing through
the Gap, line of battle was formed about a mile beyond, and
the night spent - - the men lying on their arms. When it
was found that the enemy was not in the vicinity, a camp
ground was laid out on the morning of the 2ist, and the troops
remained there till the 24th, when they retraced their steps,
passing through Haymarket and Gainesville, thence marching
to Bristoe Station, where the corps arrived at nine o'clock in
the evening. The Third corps had reached Catlett's Station,
the Fifth was at Auburn, the Sixth at Warrenton, the Second
about New Baltimore.

The pursuit of Lee was abandoned and for several days
the army rested. Camps were laid out and drills resumed.

On the 5th of November the regiment moved towards
Catlett's Station, reaching their bivouac in the evening during
a cold rain-storm. Meade had again determined to take the
offensive. He had ascertained the location of the Confed
erate army, whose headquarters were at Culpeper, and the
pleasant Fall weather was favorable for a campaign. The
First, Second and Third corps formed the left wing of the
army, and were under the command of General French ; the
Fifth and Sixth were under Sedgwick. The left wing had
been directed to approach the Rappahannock between Kelly's

1 863 HUNTING THE FOE. 30 1

Ford and Rappahannock Station, while the right was to
advance directly against the Station, where the enemy had
erected some strong fortifications.

At six o'clock in the morning of the /th the NINTH was in
line, marching clown the railroad. After passing Warrenton
Junction the column turned south and passed through the
village of Morrisville, then chanein^ direction to the south-

O v> O

west, reached the vicinity of Kelly's Ford about noon. The
Third corps had reached the river first, and troops from
Ward's division had crossed and driven the enemy away from
the ford, killing quite a number and capturing between three
and four hundred prisoners, at a loss to Ward of about one
hundred in killed and wounded. The enemy retreated towards
Stevensburg. A pontoon bridge was thrown over the river
during the afternoon, but the bulk of the troops remained on
the north side till the following morning.

On the right Sedgwick found a strong force of the enemy
posted behind intrenchments on the north bank of the river,
and he proceeded at once to reconnoiter the position. The
enemy, anxious to hold the place, sent over reinforcements,
and by the time Sedgwick was ready to assault it was nearly
dark. The Union troops forced their way to the river, both
above and below the position occupied by the enemy, and were
thus enabled to command the other side and prevent any
more reinforcements beino- sent over. It had been deter-

*-> •

mined to wait till after dark before making the final assault.
Led by Russell's brigade of the First division of the Sixth
corps, the assault took place, and after some desperate fight
ing was carried, and with it some sixteen hundred prisoners, a
number of battle-flags, and four pieces of artillery. The num
ber engaged in the assault was only some three thousand, and
the loss about three hundred, killed and wounded.

Before daylight of the 8th, Early, of Swell's corps, who
commanded the Confederates at this point, retreated. They
had begun the erection of winter quarters, and were no doubt
much disappointed at being driven for their supposed secure
position. The morning of the 8th was dull and foggy, but at

302 THE NINTH NEW YORK. November

six o'clock the left wing crossed over on the pontoon and
marched up the right bank of the river towards the railroad
crossing, reaching there about noon, driving Early's rear-oaiard

£j ' O O J O

away, and then continuing the march after the retreating Con
federates. Brandy Station was reached towards nightfall,
where line of battle was formed and the troops halted for the
night. By this time Lee had crossed the Rapidan, and the
Union troops busied themselves in rebuilding the railroad
bridge across the Rappahannock, and repairing the track as
far as Brandy Station. Lee, meanwhile, took up a strong-
position along the south bank of the Rapidan, between Mine
Run and the railroad crossing at Rapiclan Station. Mine
Run flows north, empties into the Rapidan three or four miles
west of German na Ford, and guarded Lee's right flank.

Leaving the main part of the Army of the Potomac in the
vicinity of Brandy Station, a portion of the First corps was
ordered back to guard the line of railroad. Late in the after
noon of the Qth the march was begun ; the Rappahannock
crossed at the railroad, on the pontoon bridge, and the march
continued to Bealton ; where the NINTH, with the Eleventh
Pennsylvania, and the One Flunclred and Fourth New York
and Sixteenth Maine from the First brigade, were detached and
ordered to a point near Liberty, on the Warrenton turnpike.
Snow had been falling for some time, and when the men
reached their bivouac, they were obliged to scrape it off
from the ground before pitching their shelter tents. Here for
the next ten days the time was fully occupied by the usual
drills, picket and fatigue duty. On the nth about one hun
dred and fifty men from the NINTH, were detailed to help
repair the railroad. Sleepers had to be cut from the woods,
the enemy having burned those, as well as the rails which had
been twisted and bent, while red-hot, and thereby rendered
entirely useless. Saturday, the I4th, five hundred and seventy-
seven officers and enlisted men were reported present for
duty.

On the 2 ist the enemy's cavalry made a dash upon the
railroad, capturing a few prisoners, some hospital stores and

1863 MINE RUN. 303

wagons. The NINTH was hurriedly called to arms, and
advanced a short distance towards the scene of action, but
soon returned to camp.

General Meade again determined to advance and attack
the Confederate army, which, by this time, had been estab
lished in winter quarters in their secure position already men
tioned. Lee had fortified his line in front and had also pro
tected his right and rear by intrenchments for three or four
miles up Mine Run. Meade purposed passing up the east
side of the Run and attacking Lee's rear and right flank.
Only two divisions of the First corps were to cooperate in
this movement, the other being left to guard the rear. At
about eight o'clock in the morning of the 23rd, the NINTH
was on the road. At Bealton the brigade was joined, and the
march continued to within a couple of miles of Rappahannock
Station, where the column halted for the night. The men
were in line at half-past seven the next morning, but were soon
ordered to disperse and to have tents pitched again. At six
o'clock in the mornino; of the 26th the advance was continued,

the river crossed on the pontoon near the station, then, follow
ing the stream clown the right bank, Richardsville was reached
and a short halt made. A pontoon bridge was found span
ning the Rapidan at Culpeper Mine Ford, over which the
column marched, and about a mile beyond the river the men
bivouacked for the night. Artillery firing had been heard
during the afternoon. The Second and Fifth corps crossed
Germanna Ford, the Third at Jacobs' Ford, but owing to
many delays, night found the heads of these columns only
three or four miles beyond the river. The Sixth corps did
not reach the south side till after midnight, crossing at Jacobs'
Ford. During the day Lee had learned of M cade's design
and issued his orders to meet the assault

On the morning of the 27th the Confederate army was put
in motion, and part was sent over to the east side of Mine Run
to intercept the Third and Sixth corps. At five o'clock the
troops of the First corps were on the march, and soon reached
Robertson's Tavern, on the western edge of the famous Wilder-

304 THE NINTH NEW YORK. November

ness. Line of battle, facing the south and west, was formed,
and here the NINTH remained until five o'clock the next morning.
The Third and Sixth corps which had also been ordered to
march to Robertson's Tavern during the day, failed to gain
that point. The Fifth corps was at New Hope Church, while
the Second was with the two divisions of the First at Robert
son's. During the day considerable fighting had been indulged
in, the enemy generally being the attacking party, in order
to gain time for the arrival of the various divisions of Lee's
army. They won their point, partly by these attacks, but
principally because of the slow movements of the Third and
Sixth corps, who became tangled up in the narrow, blind roads
of the Wilderness.

On the next morning, the 28th, the NINTH moved at five
o'clock ; a light rain was falling at the time, the roads and paths
were, in many places, submerged by reason ot previous rains,
and great difficulty was experienced in moving the artillery.
At about two o'clock in the afternoon the two divisions formed
on the left of the Second corps, which was astride the Orange
Court House turnpike, the line of battle facing west. An
advance was ordered, and when found impracticable to main
tain the forward movement in line, the troops broke into col
umns and marched by the flank. When the crest overlooking
Mine Run was reached the line was reestablished. The Sixth
corps had taken position on the right of the Second, while the
Third and Fifth were on the left of the First.

But for forty-eight hours the Confederates had been very
busy, and when the Union troops looked across the narrow
valley of Mine Run, they saw their adversaries strongly posted
behind intrench merits, slashings of timber in their front, and

a good part of the valley covered with from two to three feet
of water! The verdict of the men in the ranks was voiced by
their generals in the evening, when, at a counsel of war, they
pronounced the enemy's position unassailable ! After dark
some slight changes were made in the line of battle, the NINTH,
with other troops, marching about a mile to the rear, where
they remained all night.

1863 A GENERAL ATTACK COUNTERMANDED. 305

The 29th was Sunday, and rain fell during the entire day.
About noon General Meade, accompanied by several British
officers, rode along the lines. If the "John Bulls" came to
witness a grand, successful, strategic movement of the Army
of the Potomac, how disappointed they must have been ! The
day passed without any movement on the part of the NINTH.
But other portions of the army had been active. General
Warren, commanding the Second corps, had proposed moving
still further up the valley of Mine Run ; he started at daylight
with his corps and a division from the Sixth. Night overtook
him before his position was gained, and when, on the morning
of the 3Oth, he looked over to where the enemy was posted,
he saw that the result of an assault would be simply Freder-
icksburg repeated.

But the plan agreed upon included an assault by the right
at eight o'clock, simultaneously with Warren's, and without
waiting for the sound of the Second corps guns, Sedgwick
sent Birney's division in ; they cross the Run, dislodge the
enemy at that point, and then wait for Warren before advanc
ing further. \Varren, meanwhile, has summoned Meade to
look over the ground, and the commanding general confirms
his lieutenant's decision not to attack. Other movements were
proposed, but wherever the enemy were found along the line
of Mine Run, they were so well posted that an attack seemed
hopeless, and the whole campaign was abandoned, Meade
deciding to withdraw his army and return to the old position
north of the Rapidan. During the clay the NINTH, with others
of the corps, had been moved, first about a mile to the right
in support of the Fifth corps, and then, later, to the left, where
they remained during the night. The official records show that
the regiment lost twenty nine of the members " by desertion "
on this advance upon the enemy.

At six o'clock the next morning, December ist, the troops
of the First corps moved back to the position occupied by
them on the 2Qth November, where they remained till four in
the afternoon ; were then relieved by the Third division of
the Fifth corps, and marched by way of Robertson's Tavern

306 THE NINTH NEW YORK. December

to a point near Germanna Ford, where they arrived just after
midnight. At nine o'clock in the mornino- of the 2nd the

c5 O

command crossed the river and formed line on the north side,
where it remained till half-past eleven, then changed the
position to support a battery which had been placed to cover
the crossing. Meanwhile the rest of the army was returning
to the north bank of the river, and at one o'clock P. M. a divi
sion of the Sixth corps relieved the First corps, who then
continued the march northward, through Stevensburg to
Brandy Station, where it bivouacked for the night. At nine
o'clock the next morning the march was continued, and the
Rappahannock crossed at Kelly's Ford. About four miles
beyond a halt was ordered, and the NINTH was sent out on
picket for the night. The regiment was called in early on the
4th and then, at ten o'clock, sent back across the river and posted
at the little hamlet of Kellysville, within a mile of the ford.
Fording the river twice at the same place within twenty-four
hours was not relished by the men at this season of the year,
and caused some grumbling.

At half-past three the next morning the men were turned out,
tents were struck, and after preparing a cup of coffee to wash
down the hard-tack, line was formed and the regiment waited
for the order to march ; but no orders came, and the tents were
again set up. Shortly after daybreak the men went into the
woods near by and began cutting logs for winter huts. During
the day quite a number of these were erected, the logs being
laid up about four feet high, and the shelter tents stretched over
a ridge pole formed a very good roof — during pleasant weather.
The next day, Sunday, the 6th, the regiment was inspected by
Colonel Moesch, and from all indications that the rank and
file could observe, the army had settled down for the winter.
Those skeptical fellows who had been waiting to see whether
or not it would be worth while to go to the trouble of build
ing huts, finally made up their minds that log huts, with raised
bunks, would be more comfortable than lying on the ground,
and by the I3th the whole regiment was comfortably installed
in their quarters, on which day, Colonel Moesch, Quarter-

1863 HUT BUILDING. 307

master Burtis and Lieutenant Van Alst, Jr., left for a visit to
New York city, a short absence having been granted. Many
of the domiciles were as well built as the cabins of the poorer
Virginians, and much ingenuity was manifested in the erection
of the chimneys and fire-places ; bricks were scarce, but with
sticks and mud — the latter was quite plenty, and equal to any
demand that might be made upon it — the boys managed to
build as good chimneys as were necessary.

During the absence of Colonel Moesch the regiment
was in charge of the Lieutenant-Colonel. And now that

active operations were suspended, the men were congratulat
ing themselves upon a long season of rest. Day by day the
quarters were made more comfortable, as this, that and the
other convenience were added to the furniture or bedding in

the huts. On the i6th the regiment was inspected by Lieuten
ant-Colonel Allen, U. S. A., Division Inspector. The ground
was too soft and muddy for general drilling, but the recruits
were put through occasionally, while guard-mount, dress-
parade, guard and picket duty kept the men generally quite busy.
The old members of the regiment had been in the service
long enough not to be surprised — -or, at least, to conceal their
surprise— at any order, however disagreeable, that might be
received ; so, when early on the 24th, — just as the boys were
talking over the matter of properly celebrating Christmas,—
orders having been given to "pack up and be ready to
march," the only outward manifestations from this class were
simply looks of disgust — and half-smothered maledictions
upon the man that turned them out at mid-winter from their
comfortable huts. The recruits were more demonstrative, and
talked of getting up a petition to be allowed to remain where
they were, but the veterans soon convinced them of the futil-
itv of any such nonsense, and, with a ijreat deal of swearing —

-• -• o o

if we must tell the truth — the men began to pack up. At
eight o'clock brigade 'line was formed, and the column was
soon on the march, headed west. After passing through Cul-
peper the column followed the line of railroad south to a point
near Mitchell's Station, where, late in the afternoon, the men

308 THE NINTH NEW YORK.

bivouacked for the night upon the "cold, cold, ground," of a
swampy piece of woods.

Christmas was anything but a "merry" one to the members
of the NINTH. The camp was laid out — after a fashion — but
the nature of the ground was such that no comfort was to be
expected. " Military necessity," — the excuse for many of the
discomforts and privations of army life — was answerable for
the condition of the regiment in the eyes of the " Powers," but
this did not satisfy the men who were obliged to endure-
blindly — the annoyances caused by the "exigency of war."
Some men were sent out on picket duty, guards were posted ;
there were crackers, coffee, "salt-horse" and fat pork for
rations ; the boys did not starve, nor freeze to death, but that
was all. So Christmas passed with the NINTH.

On the 28th a heavy rain-storm flooded the men out of
their already uncomfortable quarters. " Mud-hole Camp" was
correctly named. Patriotism could alone have sustained the
spirits of many of the volunteers during the trials and vexa
tions incident to the war, and these vexations were, in the main,
if not cheerfully borne, at least acquiesced in, from force of
necessity, by the patriotic men in the ranks. Winter quarters
and log huts were talked of, but no one had the temerity to
begin again their erection, until some assurance was received
that they would be occupied long enough to pay for the
trouble of building.

On the iQth of November, while the Mine Run Campaign
was in progress, an incident of national importance occurred
on the field of Gettysburg. A national cemetery was dedica
ted .there, on Cemetery Hill, adjoining the local cemetery, and
on ground upon which Union regiments fought during the bat
tle. The remains of the Union dead had been carefully gath
ered from different parts of the extensive field and properly
interred, the graves of those identified marked with name and

regiment.

President Lincoln was the most prominent figure upon the
occasion, and gave voice to the following immortal words :

1863 LINCOLN'S ADDRESS AT GETTYSBURG. 309

" Fourscore and seven years a^o, our fathers brought forth

/ o * o

on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedi
cated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now,
we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that
nation, or any nation, so conceived and so dedicated, can long
endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We
have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting-
place for those who here gave their lives that that nation
might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should
do this. But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate — we can
not consecrate — we cannot hallow this ground. The brave

men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it.
far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will
little note nor long remember what we say here, but it never
can forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather,
to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who
fought here have thus far so nobly carried on. It is rather for
us to be here dedicated to the qreat task remaining; before

O O

us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion
to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of
devotion ; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall
not have died in vain ; that this nation, under God, shall have
a new birth of freedom; and that the government of the peo
ple, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from
the earth."

As the year closes — for the NINTH, amid somewhat gloomy
and unpleasant surroundings — the cause the men cherished in
their hearts had made great progress. The Union arms had
been generally victorious during the year, and the people of
the South were beginning to realize — after nearly three years
of war — that their revolt against constituted authority had led,
and was still leading them, towards the gulf of despair. In its
last issue of the year — December 3ist — the Richmond Exam
iner no doubt voiced the feelings of the majority of the south
ern people in these words :

To-day closes the gloomiest year of our struggle. No sanguine hope of intervention
buoys up the spirits of the Confederate public as at the end of 1861. No brilliant vie-

310 THE NINTH NEW YORK. January

tory, like that of Fredericksburg, encourages us to look forward 10 a speedy and suc
cessful termination of the war, as in the last week of 1862. Meade has been foiled,
and Longstreet has had a partial success in East Tennessee ; but Meade's advance was
hardly meant in earnest, and Bean's Station is a poor set-off to the loss of the gallant
men who fell in the murderous assault on Knoxville. * * * Meanwhile the finan
cial chaos is becoming wilder. Hoarders keep a more resolute grasp than ever on
the necessaries of life. Non-producers, who are at the same time non-speculators, are
suffering more and more. What was once competence has become poverty, poverty-
has become penury, penury is lapsing into pauperism.

When the New Year, 1864, opened, it found the NINTH
still " Stuck in the mud," near Mitchell's Station. But a
change was in store for the men. During the day, the welcome
orders came for the regiment to pack up and be ready to
move. They cared not where, even a New Year's call
upon the enemy would have been acceptable. But this was
not exacted of them. A march of two miles towards Ceclar
Mountain brought the command upon high ground, on a hill,
at the foot of which ran a stream of clear water. Thinking
that this was the Mecca of their pilgrimage, the boys set to
work at once, and from the neighboring forest soon cut logs
enough to build comfortable quarters. But their happiness
was short-lived, for at two o'clock the next clay the familiar-
ant! now disagreeable — orders to prepare for the march were
received. At five o'clock the summit of Cedar Mountain was
reached, a distance of three miles from the starting point.
The enemy were reported close by ; in fact, their bivouac fires
on the opposite side of the Rapidan were distinctly seen at
night, and ordinary precautions required a strict watch and
ward to be kept along the whole line.

The men realized that they could not get much nearer the
enemy without a fight, and inasmuch as the nature of the
ground at this season of the year precluded an active cam
paign, they reasoned that they would remain for a while at
least. But they thought best to bivouac for a day or two
before engaging for the third time in house-building. On the
4th Chaplain Alford C. Roe re-ported for duty. He had been
commissioned to succeed Chaplain Phillips, who resigned a
year before. Snow fell all day. Many of the men visited the
battle-field, where, on the Qth of August, 1862, they had first

1864 A MONUMENT TO GENERAL REYNOLDS. 311

witnessed a general engagement. On the 5th the camp was
regularly laid out, and the men busied themselves in cutting
and hauling the logs from the woods near by to build their
huts. The Twelfth Massachusetts and Eighty-eighth and
Ninetieth Pennsylvania were sent into Culpeper. During
the winter, the Fourteenth of Brooklyn, performed provost-
guard duty there, and enlivened the tedious days and
nights with amateur minstrel performances. On the 5th, too,
a meeting of members of the First corps was held in the Bap
tist Church at Culpeper, for the purpose of devising ways and
means for the erection of a monument at Gettysburg, to the
memory of General Reynolds. The raising of the necessary
funds was left to popular subscription among the members of
the corps, officers being limited to a contribution of five dollars
each, and the enlisted men to fifty cents. In a short time,
five thousand seven hundred and nine dollars was subscribed
and paid. The monument stands in the National Cemetery
at Gettysburg.

A letter written near the close of the month says :

I am now sitting outside of my tent, in my shirt sleeves, writing. It is as warm
as a summer's day. During the past t\vo winters we often had two or three warm days
at a time, but now it has been warm and pleasant for two weeks. An old man over
at Slaughter's house says he has lived here over fifty years, and never before saw such
a long spell of warm weather at this season of the year. * * * Every few days
there are reports that the rebs. are moving and we get into line ready to meet them,
but up to this time they have not visited us ; this is about all the excitement we have
to relieve the monotony of camp life. Some of the boys have managed to get a pair
of boxing gloves, and from the noise they are making seem to be enjoying themselves.
* * * Rebel deserters are brought in from the picket line every day. There are
also a great many contrabands brought in ; if you were to see them shouting and
dancing for joy when they get inside our picket lines you would laugh until your sides
ached, as I did. They say the rebs. are sending all the blacks to Richmond. The
darkies seem to dread going south. As one of our boys was on picket the other day
he saw what he supposed was about a dozen men coming towards him, and two men,
a short distance behind them on horseback. He sang out, " Who comes there ? " when
an old white-headed darky shouted, " Lor' bressyou, is you a Union soldier? I'se old
Pete, and I'se got my boys and gals with me. We is all goin' to Massa Linkum ; let
me in quick, there is two hoss soldiers arter us." * * * Incidents of this kind
occur every night. Last night there was firing in the rebel camp. A fesv deserters
came in to-day and said there was a mutiny in some Tennessee regiment, but these
deserters tell so many lies it is hard to believe any of them. Last winter deserters
said the rebs. were starving. In the Spring we found them just as fat and ready to
fiilht as ever * * *

312 THE NINTH NEW YORK. February

CHAPTER XVII.

THE WILDERNESS CAMPAIGN.

Close of the Winter. — Deserters from the Confederate Army. — More Hut Build--
ing. — Advance to the Rapidan. — Back to Culpeper. — Re-enlistment as Veteran
Volunteers. — The NINTH on Duty at Cedar Mountain. — General Grant made
Lieutenant-General and placed in Command of all the Union Armies. — The
NINTH at Mitchell's Station. — General Grant Visits the Army. — Consolidation of
the Army. — Tribute to the First Corps. — General Grant joins the Army. — His
Plans. — Preparing for Battle. — The Ninth Corps Returns to Virginia. — Lincoln's
Letterto Grant. — The March Begins. — The Wilderness. — Fighting on the Fifth. —
Battle of the Sixth. — Colonel Moesch Killed. — Horrors of the Battle-field. — The
First Flank Movement by the Left.

T ITTLE of importance occurred during the rest of the
month of January. Deserters from Lee's army were
numerous, and it is recorded that during the week ending on
the 29th, over two hundred entered the Union lines in front
of the Army of the Potomac. Cold weather, short rations,
and possibly a conviction that the Southern cause would soon
be on its last legs, no doubt induced many of the faint-hearted
to abandon the sinking ship.

During the afternoon of the 2Qth the regiment left its win
ter quarters and marched to Culpeper, were the men found
shelter for the night in abandoned dwelling-houses. The next
morning the march was resumed by way of the Sperryvillc
Pike, and about three miles from town the rest of the brigade
was found and another winter camp established. For the
fourth time that season, the men of the NINTH went to work
to build huts. The weather was cold and stormy, but the men
worked cheerfully, and in two or three days were again com
fortably quartered.

By the ist of February rainy weather set in ; snow fell
occasionally, and the mud and slush rendered outdoor work
very disagreeable. At one o'clock in the morning of the 6th

1364 MAJOR WILLIAMSON IN COMMAND. 313

the men were turned out and at half-past six were marching
towards the Rapidan, in which direction artillery firing was
heard. Upon arriving at Raccoon Ford,. twelve miles from
camp, the enemy were observed upon the opposite side of the
river ; they threw a number of shells, but the aim being too
• high no damage was inflicted. During the day a heavy artil
lery fire was maintained by the Confederates, and the Union
troops were kept moving about in order to lessen the danger
from bursting shells. At five o'clock in the afternoon, the

enemy having ceased firing, the troops were ordered back,
leaving only the customary picket guard at the river. The
roads were in a horrible condition, and it was difficult for the
artillery to move, even with extra horses, and the men
were frequently obliged to assist in moving the pieces. The
route led through Culpeper, and back to camp, where the men
arrived late at night, being muddy, tired and hungry. Major
Williamson was in command of the regiment at this time
(8th).

The weather soon began to grow pleasanter, and on the
1 5th General Sedgwick, of the Sixth corps, but temporarily
in command of the army, owing to the absence of General
Meade, reviewed the First and Second divisions of the First
corps, in a field near Culpeper. Before the ceremony was
over a snow-storm set in, but the programme was fully carried
out. On the 22nd the Second division was again reviewed, by
Generals Sedgwick and Robinson, and on the 2^rd the whole

O *•>

corps was " put through their facings " by the commander,
General Newton, near Pony Mountain. All this work indi
cated preparation for the spring campaign, and when, on the
26th, orders from the War Department were read offering
those three years' men who had served two years or more, and
who would reenlist for another term, a large bounty and a
thirty days' furlough, it was quite evident that the Government
had determined to push matters with an iron hand.

This matter of the reenlistment of men in the field had
occupied the attention of the Government during the previous
year. Realizing the fact that the services of veteran troops

314 THE NINTH NEW YORK. ''fbruaiy

would be of more value in the prosecution of the war than
new organizations, measures were adopted to secure their
retention in the army. By the provisions of " General Orders,.
No. 191," and subsequent amendments, issued during 1863,
the three years' men who had served two years, and who would
reenlist in the same company and regiment, were to receive
•thirty clays' furlough and a bounty of four hundred and two
dollars. The new term was to begin with date of reenlistment
and the men were to be designated as " Veteran Volunteers.'*
These liberal offers of the General Government, supplemented
in most cases with State and Municipal bounty, induced many
who had already rendered efficient service to reenlist for the
new term, and thus the Government was assured of an effec
tive army with which to prosecute the Spring Campaign of
1864.

Where regiments had been greatly depleted, consolidation
into five or even a less number of companies was ordered, the
Colonel, Major and Assistant Surgeon to be mustered out.
The evil effect that would result from the execution of this
harsh order was so apparent, however, that, in the Army of
the Potomac, at least, it was suspended, and endeavors made
to fill up the ranks of these " fighting " regiments.

Inasmuch as the NINTH had been in the field nearly thirty-
three months, the losses by the casualties of war and transfers
had so reduced the number who had served over two years,
that but few of the regiment were eligible to the new honor ;

o o

nevertheless, the following were sworn in :

Co. A.

Co. B. — Sergt. Charles H. Barker, Priv. Jacob Budelman,
Priv. Patrick F. Moore, Musician Albert Wiedmer.

Co. C. — Sergt. Wilton T. Jennings; Corp. William II.
Pedley.

Co. D. — Priv. William S. Ryder, Priv. John W
Springer.

Co. E.-

Co. F. — Sergt. Joseph B. Davis.

1864 REENLISTMENTS. -. j -

»J D

Co. G. — Priv. Charles H. Stewart, Priv. Daniel E.
Wood.

Co. H. — Priv. Joseph \V. Adee, Jr., Priv. Joseph
McGrath, Priv. Charles O'Neill.

Co. I. — Sergt. George Biegle, Sergt. William Black.

Co. L. — Sergt. John J Kelly, Sergt. Samuel G. Van Nor-
den, Corp. Patrick Hosey, Corp. Augustus W. Meade, Priv.
Thomas Burns, Priv. Patrick Callan, Priv. John T. Lock-
ington. A total of twenty-three.

These men were at once sent home to enjoy the brief
respite from field duty. Among the regiments who had been
but a little over two years in the service, reenlistment was
quite general. From the brigade the Eleventh and Eighty-
eighth Pennsylvania nearly all volunteered, and returned home
to recruit their ranks. Reference has already been made to
the new material furnished the NINTH. An orderly sergeant
of one of the companies wrote : " I have got two tent-mates ;
one is an old veteran who has been with the regiment since
August, 1 86 1 ; he is a pretty steady chap. The other is a
regular 'John Bull ;' he is a new man, has been in the British
army, is a generous-hearted fellow, but loves whiskey like an
Irishman. * "" * There are not over eiofht of the ori'-n-

O t""»

nal members of our company here."

On the 2 /th a detail from the regiment was sent to guard
the signal station on Cedar Mountain, while another was sent

out on picket to Mitchell's Station. At this time the army was
better supplied with rations than ever before. Such vegetables
as potatoes, carrots and turnips were served ; the trains bringing
the supply from Alexandria daily. The Government was evi
dently preparing the soldier with a good "stomach for a

fight.-

Another measure, and one fraught with weal to the cause,
was the promotion of Major-General Ulysses S. Grant to a
Lieutenant-Generalcy, and his assignment to the command of
all the Union armies in the field, a bill having been passed
bv Congress on the. 2Qth for that special purpose. By his

316 THE NINTH NEW YORK. March

successful operations in the West, General Grant had made
himself the most prominent soldier in the Union Army, and
as a general's abilities are measured by the victories he
obtains, the taciturn, undemonstrative Grant, stood at the head.
Therefore the country demanded, and Congress and the Pres
ident voiced that demand, that a general should be placed at
the head of all the armies, who would take the field in person,
and continue to win victories until the rebellion was crushed
and the Union re-established.

The 3rd of March found a detail from the regiment, with
other portions of the brigade, on picket at Mitchell's Station.
A large number of deserters from the Forty-eighth Mississippi
regiment came in during the first week of the month, and if
their stories were to be believed, a very general feeling of discon
tent pervaded the whole Confederate Army. That such was
not the case, however, was amply proven by the manner in
which Lee's army fought during the year.

General Grant had been summoned to Washington, in
order that the President might personally present him with
his new commission, and invest him with the higher command.
He arrived on the Qth and the interesting ceremony was per
formed in the White House. General Halleck was appointed
Chief-of-StafT, with office in Washington. The next clay the
General-in Chief was at Meade's headquarters, at Brandy Sta
tion, and intimated his intention of making his headquarters
in the field, near the army. On the nth Grant returned to
Washington, going thence to the West; in order to arrange his
affairs there ere he should return to Virginia.

An important change in the Army of the Potomac had
been ordered before Grant's promotion. The First and Third
corps — except General Seymour's division of the latter, which
joined the Sixth corps — were consolidated with the Fifth and
Second, respectively. The men of the First and Third were
to retain their corps badges, however — a '-mall sop to their
wounded feelings. The consolidation was a wise measure,
notwithstanding the pain it caused many of the heroes of
Gettysburg, and the men themselves, while they regretted the

1864 THE FIRST CORPS CONSOLIDATED. 317

necessity of the change, soon recognized its justness. The
NINTH retained its division (Robinson) and brigade (Bax
ter) commanders. It was still in the Second brigade, Second
division, but now of the Fifth corps, General G. K. Warren,
commanding, In his order of the 24th, retiring from the com
mand of the old corps, General Newton said :

In relinquishing command, I take occasion to express the pride and pleasure I
have experienced in my connection with you, and my profound regret at our separation.
Identified by its services with the history of the war, the First corps gave at Gettys
burg a crowning proof of valor and endurance in saving from the grasp of the enemy
the strong position upon which the battle was fought. The terrible losses suffered by
the corps in that conflict attest its supreme devotion to the country. Though the corps
has lost its distinctive name by the present changes, history will not be silent upon the
magnitude of its services.

Besides the official utterances respecting the consolidated
corps, many were the tributes paid by individual members, all
of which breathed that spirit of loyalty so dear to the heart of
the true patriot. It mattered not under what particular gen
eral or corps number they fought, they determined to sustain
their ancient renown among their new associates. Thus felt
the members of the NINTH, and the sentiments of the rank
and file are fittingly voiced by the following tribute, written at
the time by a member of the old First corps :

It is no more ; the deed is done; the fiat has gone forth, and the First Army Corps
has ceased to exist. The corps that was first formed — it seems to us a long time ago
— in the early days of this unholy rebellion, the nation's first and greatest hope after
the sun went clown in dark and threatening clouds at the First Bull Run ; that band
that prided themselves upon being the first in thorough organization ; the corps that
has fought in a score of battles, losing over twenty thousand men, has been sacrificed
and parcelled out to another. We weep. Is it unmanly? Is it womanly ? We may
have the woman's heart : she weeps over her lost idol ; we weep over ours. We were
of the First corps; its history is our history. Its glory ours, we were it, and it was
us. Unmanly? Who struck fiercer or deadlier when the hoarse-mouthed cannon
spoke, and his word was death ? Who loved their country more? Hated its enemies
more? What corps can boast of a list of names like Meade, Reynolds, McDowell,
King, Hartsuff, Orel, Seymour, G'bbon, Ricketts and Newton. Every one a hero.
Our comrades sleep upon the hillsides of Fredericksburg, in the Wilderness, a*. Chan-
cellorsville, upon the plains of Manassas, the rugged slopes of Slaughter and South
Mountains, by the sluggish Antietam, and the blood of five thousand of our brave boys
colored the ground of historic Gettysburg.

In the field beyond the town is a spot marked by our memento, before which the

318 THE NINTH NEW YORK. March

pilgrim will come, bow his head in reverence, and drop tears of sorrow and joy, upon
the spot where our noble commander gave up his life to save his country. The tear
of sorrow that so brave a man, so skillful a soldier, must need be killed — the tear of
joy, that the man who died was the instrument, under God, that saved the battle of
Gettysburg, and thus revived the drooping spirit of the loyal North.

It is sad to contemplate the change that has come over us. The mind goes back
over nearly three years of war, and views the forty thousand men who have said, with
pride, " We belong to the First corps," many of whom lie buried in known and unknown,
though honored graves, upon all the important battle-fields of Virginia, Maryland and
Pennsylvania. " Badgers," " Wolverines " and " Hoosiers " — men fro ,11 the " Bay" State, •
the " Empire " State, the" Keystone " State, he " Pine Tree " State and the " Nutmeg "
State, have stood side by side in cur ranks; side by side won victories, indulged in like
hopes, dejected by the same fears ; side by side attested their love for our starry Hag,
emblem of our freedom, and never faltered in duty, never turned their b:ick to the foe,
in disgrace. To write the history of our band is to write, almost, a history of the war.

Let every man who b^longjJ to the old First corps register a vow to faithfully
perform his duty in the Fifth. Let it never be said that the men ivho have made their
names glorious while with Doubleday and Wadsworth, Meredith and Robinson, turned
their backs to their country's foe, and stained their fair fame. With our glorious past,
as a distinctive organization, let us make an equally glorious future, though our lot be
cast with a strange corps. They are noble brothers, fighting for the same cause, with
the same determined purpose. We must have our new allies recognize that we are all
that soldiers should be; and in the not distant future, when our erring sister States
shall again sing the hosanna of peace beneath the old Hag, we will return to our homes
and -be called blessed. Our name, our deeds, will live, though no costly cenotaph
should be raised in memoriam. We will be. known in the future ; and until the angel
shall come and rouse with the trumpet, all the host, we will be spoken of as among the
bravest and best of the brave.

On the 26th General Grant established his headquarters at
Culpeper. He had laid out Sherman's work in the West, and
he tells us in his Memoirs that his general plan was to
concentrate all his forces against the enemy in the field. He
recognized that there were but two oreat Confederate armies

o o

— Johnston's in Georgia, and Lee's in Virginia — Lee's the more
important, inasmuch as it still held, practically, the same posi
tion between the Army of the Potomac and the Confederate
capital as at the beginning of the war. Says Grant :

I arranged for .» simultaneous movement all along the line. Sherman was to move
from Chattanooga, Johnston's army and Atlanta being his objective points. Crook,
commanding in West Virginia, was to move from the mouth of the Gauley River with
a cavalry force and some artillery, the Virginia and Tennessee railroad to be his objec
tive. * * * Sigel was in command in the Valley of Virginia. He was to advance
up the Valley, covering the North from an invasion through that channel as well while
advancing as by remaining near Harper's Ferry. * * * Butler was to advance by
'.he James River, having Richmond and Petersburg as his objective.

1864 TO MOVE 1-5 V THK FLANK. 319

Grant was not satisfied with what the cavalry had done
during the war, and in an interview with the President and
General Halleck, the latter proposed that Sheridan should be
transferred from Sherman's army to that of the Potomac.
Grant said he was the very man he wanted, and " Little Phil."
was sent for. Banks, in command at New Orleans, was
ordered to concentrate his forces at that point and prepare to
move on Mobile. Grant further says in his Memoirs :

At this time I was not entirely decided whether I should move the army of the
Potomac by the right flank of the enemy or by his left. [Lee was on the south side
of the Rapidan, his right resting on Mine Run, a position he had occupied all winter.—
En.] Each plan presented advantages. If by his right — my left — the Potomac,
Chesapeake Bay, and tributaries would furnish us an easy line over which to bring all
supplies to within easy hauling distance of every position the army could occupy from
the Rappahannock to the James River. But Lee could, if he chose, detach, or move
his whole army North on a line rather interior to the one I should have to take in fol
lowing. A movement by his left — my right — would obviate this; but all that was
done would have to be done with the supplies and ammunition we started with. All
idea of adopting this latter plan was abandoned when the limited quantity of supplies
possible to take with us was considered The country over which we should have to
pass was so exhausted of all food or forage, that we should be obliged to carry every
thing with us.

During the month of March the camps were cleared of all
non-combatants; furloughed officers and soldiers were recalled
to their commands. On the 2/th a number of Maryland regi
ments went home to vote, the NINTH performing guard and
picket duty for them on Pony Mountain during their absence.
On the 29th the Fifth corps was reviewed by Generals Grant,
Meade and Warren.

The ist of April was ushered in by a freshet, which carried
away several military bridges, and necessitated a great deal of
extra work to repair damages. Rain, sleet and snow prevailed
during the week. A call having been made for volunteers
for the Navy from among the soldiers, about thirty ot the
NINTH — all of them " Conscripts "-—left on the 6th for their new
duty. On the yth, the Eleventh and Eighty-eighth Penn
sylvania returned to the field, their ranks well filled with excel
lent material for soldiers. Bv the ioth indications of active

320 THE NINTH NEW YORK. April

operations were apparent. Clothing and new shelter tents
were issued, and officers were directed to reduce their baggage
to the smallest possible compass. Company drills, in heavy
marching order, were held every morning, battalion and
brigade drills on alternate days, and, best of all, target practice
was ordered — amu^h needed exercise. The weather contin
ued rainy, and on the iith the railroad bridges across Bull
Run, Cedar Run and the Rappahannock were carried away by
the high water, and no mail arrived. The absence of letters
and newpapers, even for a day, was a subject of comment, as
the men had been accustomed to receive these with oreat

*;!>

regularity during the winter. On the I3th Meade moved his
headquarters from Brandy Station to Culpeper; Warren was
also established there, and General Grant. Headquarters were
carefully guarded ; neither civilian nor soldier could enter the
town without a pass from a general officer, and equal care was
exercised respecting any one, civilians especially, leaving the
town, for fear they might be spies conveying information to
the enemy.

Whenever the weather permitted the troops were drilled,
and practiced in firing at targets. It was drill, drill, almost
continuously, and the men were glad when sent out on picket
duty, for then they escaped the worriment of tactical movements.

The Ninth corps — which left the Army of the Potomac in
Febuary, 1863, and had assisted Grant at the siege of Vicks-
burg, Sherman at the capture of Jackson, Miss., and then again
under General Burnside — marched through Kentucky, into
Tennessee, where, aided by the Twenty-third corps, it success
fully defended Knoxville against Longstreet, returned east in
February ; was quartered at Annapolis, where it was reorgan
ized and recruited, ready for whatever field of action should
be assigned it. It was given out — un-officially — that the
corps, then some twenty thousand strong, would operate at
some point on the Atlantic coast, but Grant had other work in
store for it, and during the last week in April it was ordered
into Virginia.

On the last day of the month, President Lincoln, whose

1864 LINCOLN 'TO GRANT. 321

noble and sympathetic character is shown better in his per
sonal and private correspondence than in his public utterances,
addressed General Grant the following letter :

EXECUTIVE MANSION,

Washington, April y>th, 1864.
Lieutenant-General GRANT

Not expecting to see you again before the Spring campaign opens, I wish to express,
in this way, my entire satisfaction with what you have done up to this time, so far as I
understand it. The particulars of your plans I neither know, or seek to know. You
are vigilant and self-reliant, and pleased, with this, I wish not to obtrude any con
straints or restraints upon you. While I am very anxious that any great disaster, or the
capture of our men in great numbers, shall be avoided, I know these points are less
likely to escape your attention than they would be mine. If there is anything wanting
which is within my power to give, do not fail to let me know it.

And now with a brave army, and a just cause, may God sustain you.

Yours very truly,

A. LINCOLN.

Sunday, May ist, was a clear, warm day. At the various
headquarters, staff officers were active, and the busy hum of
preparation warned observers that soon the forward move
ment would begin. After tattoo, in the evening of the 3rd,
orders to " pack up and be ready to march at ten o'clock "
made the camps a scene of bustling activity. The men were
to destroy what they could not carry with them, but no bon
fires were allowed to warn the enemy of the contemplated
movement. Eight days' rations had been crowded into the
men's haversacks and knapsacks, their cartridge boxes each
held forty rounds of ammunition, while ten extra rounds were
stored away among crackers or clothing. It looked very much
like " business."

At half-past eleven, the NINTH, five hundred and fifteen
strong, took its place in the brigade and the march began.
The infantry marched, regardless of roads, pushing through
fields and woods, fording streams and wading through swamps.
Daylight of the 4th found the column passing through the
village of Stevensburg, and marching along the plank road
towards Germanna Ford. A short distance beyond the town
the troops halted an hour for breakfast, after which the march
was resumed, few halts being made until the Rapidan was

322 THE NINTH 'NEW YORK. May

reached. It was found that Wilson's division of cavalry had
laid a pontoon early in the morning, and, crossing over, had
driven the enemy back a mile or more from the river. At
this point, the river, at its ordinary stage, is only about two
hundred feet wide, but, by reason of the late rains, it was now
much wider, the water too deep to ford, and the current run
ning swiftly.' The engineer corps, assisted by details from
other regiments, were soon at work, and by noon another
pontoon bridge was thrown across. On the southern bank
the enemy had occupied a line of rifle pits, which they had
abandoned as soon as they saw the formidable demonstration
made by the Union troops.

There had been no opposition made to the crossing, and,
preceded by Wilson's cavalry, the Fifth corps led the advance
of the Army of the Potomac upon a campaign, which did not
end until the rebellion was crushed and the remnants of Lee's
army surrendered at Appomattox.

The Sixth corps followed in the footsteps of the Fifth,
while the Second crossed at Ely's Ford, a few miles further-
down the stream. The Sixth corps was to form the right, the
Fifth the center, and the Second the left of the line of battle.
General Grant had anticipated some opposition in the cross
ing; referring to the matter in his Memoirs, he says :

0 ' o J

"This I regard as a great success, and it removed from my
mind the most serious apprehensions I had entertained, that
of crossing the river in the face of an active, large, well-
appointed, and ably-commanded army."

By one o'clock in the afternoon, the infantry were crossing
on the bridges. A strong line of flankers guarded either side
of the marching column, Company C performing that duty on
the part of the NINTH. About four o'clock, the corps reached
the vicinitv of the Wilderness Tavern, at the intersection of

the Germanna and Orange Court House turnpikes. Line of
battle was formed facing southwest, and the interminable
under-brush reminded the men of their experience at Chan-
cellorsville the year before. The line now formed was about

1 864 THE CAMPAIGN OPENED. 323

three miles west of the position occupied by the First corps at
that time.

Exclusive of the Fourth division of the Ninth corps, which
was composed entirely of colored troops, who were not put
into action at this time, Grant had under his command about
one hundred and eighteen thousand men, while the Confeder
ates had about sixty-one thousand. On the night of the 4th,
Wilson's cavalry had reached Parker's Store, five miles south
of the Tavern ; the Sixth corps was on the right of the Fifth,
while the Second was on the old battle-field of Chancellors-
ville. The Ninth corps was still north of the river. Grant
had crossed over and established his headquarters near Ger-
manna Ford, and Meade was close by. As soon as Lee
became aware of Grant's movements, he put his army in
motion to check the Union advance, and at dark the opposing
lines of infantry were but five miles apart, while the cavalry
outposts were almost within speaking distance.

Before daylight of the 5th the men were aroused from their
bivouac behind their stacks of muskets, and after a hurried
breakfast of crackers and coffee, stepped into their places in
line of battle. At five o'clock the corps was ordered to move
by the left flank towards Parker's Store. Company H, of the
NINTH, were out as flankers for the regiment. At eight o'clock
the column was halted, Crawford's division, in the lead, having
encountered the advance of A. P. Hill's corps near the Chew
ing Farm, while Griffin and Wadsworth struck Ewell about the
same time. Infantry and artillery were soon engaged, the
sound of the heavy guns bringing Generals Grant and Meade
galloping to the scene of action. After a hurried view of the
situation the troops were formed in line. Crawford's, Wads-
worth's and Griffin's divisions forming the first line, with
Robinson's in support. The line was formed across the,turn-
pike, about a mile beyond the Tavern, with Griffin on the right
of the corps. Wright's division of the Sixth corps was sent to
Warren's right, while Getty's division of the same corps was
ordered into position on Warren's left and rear, at the inter-

324 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

section of the Plank and Brock Roads, the most important
strategic position in the Wilderness.

Badeau tells us that, in an order sent to Meade at half-past
eight, Grant said : "If any opportunity presents itself for
pitching into a part of Lee's army, do so, without giving time
for dispositions."

Hancock, then at Todd's Tavern, on the Brock Road, was
ordered to form a junction with the left of Getty's division.
It was near noon before the engagement became general,
Griffin's and Wadsworth's divisions attacking, and driving the
enemy for some distance. Owing to the dense woods and
underbrush, however, that portion of the Sixth corps on the
right of Griffin was not able to advance and cooperate in the
attack, and Griffin was finally compelled to fall back. Wads-
worth and Crawford were also compelled to retire. The
NINTH had been ordered to the support of a battery at the
beginning of the battle, but as the Union troops advanced, the
guns were compelled to suspend firing, for fear of injuring
friends as well as foes, and the regiment was then withdrawn
to a hollow, where it remained without being exposed to the
fire of the enemy.

At about half-past four Wadsworth's division and Baxter's
/brigade of Robinson's, \vere-orclered to support Hancock's
line, which was then hotly engaged with the enemy under A.
P. Hill, just west of the Brock Road. The difficulty of march
ing troops through the Wilderness, except by the roads, was
so great, that Wadsworth, who was obliged to make his way
through the brush, found darkness closing about him before
he reached the position assigned him. But the enemy were
pushed back a mile or more before the battle ceased, Baxter's
brigade beino- in the second line and in rear of the left of

o o

Getty. The NINTH suffered no loss, but the Twelfth Massa
chusetts, occupying a more exposed position, added some fifty-
seven to their already large roll of killed and wounded. Dur
ing the night, the opposing lines were so near each other, that
a number of men, searching for water, wandered into each
other's lines and were captured.

7864 IN THE WILDERNESS. 325

The corps commanders were ordered to be ready to renew
the attack at five o'clock the next morning.

During the night the bulk of the Ninth corps reached the
field, and Burnsicle was ordered into position on Warren's left.
It was known, too, that Longstreet, who had not been engaged
the day before, was hurrying along the Orange plank road to
the assistance of Hill's corps, and Grant was anxious that the
Union Army should take the initiative before Longstreet's
arrival On the other hand Lee was as anxious to attack, and,
in order to gain time for Longstreet's arrival, he ordered an
assault on the Union right, held by the Sixth corps. The
enemy fired the first guns, and the battle soon swung around
from the right to the left flank of the Union Army. It was
next to impossible to preserve a continuous line of battle, for
when the men were ordered forward, the difficulty of penetrat
ing the brush in line, compelled them to break up into squads
and march by the flank; regiments would thus become sepa
rated from brigades, and brigades from divisions, and, when

o o

the attempt was made to reestablish a line, numerous gaps
existed.

At about five o'clock Wadsworth's division and Baxter's
brigade — north of the plank road, and two divisions of the
Second corps and Getty's divi-sion of the Sixth on the road
and south of it — advanced. The Twelfth Massachusetts were
deployed on the skirmish line in front of the brigade. The
assault was gallantly made and the enemy driven nearly two
miles; but the NINTH suffered heavily, losing, among the
killed, their brave leader, Colonel Moesch. While this move
ment was being executed, a portion of Longstreet's corps was
reported as moving along the unfinished railroad, which runs
parallel with the plank road, and was threatening Hancock's
left and rear. This caused a halt in the forward movement.
Gibbon's division, which formed the extreme left of Hancock's
line and which had been watching Lone-street's movements,

<_> o

was ordered forward ; the Confederate First corps was checked,
and Hancock's line repaired, but no decisive advantage
gained. Warren, with the other three divisions of the Fifth

THE NINTH NEW YORK. Mar

corps, Sedgwick with the Sixth and Burnside with a, portion
of the Ninth, had each obtained some advantage, but nothing-
decisive.

At a few minutes before nine Birney's and Mott's divisions
of the Second corps, together with Wadsworth's command and
Baxter's brigade, again attacked the enemy on the line of the
Plank Road. Gibbon came in on the left shortly after the bat
tle was renewed, and for half an hour there was some desper
ate righting. At length, Cutler's brigade, of Wadsworth's
division, was forced back, and this caused the whole line to
give ground ; but Birney's division gallantly advanced and
the enemy was checked for a moment ; the contest was soon-
renewed, and about eleven o'clock a continuous roar of mus
ketry attested the sanguinary character of the battle. But lit
tle artillery could be used ; there were few elevations where it
could be placed, and the dense woods prevented the gunners
from properly directing their fire. The enemy had a battery
planted in a clearing near the Widow Tapp's house, just north
of the Plank Road, whose fire was, for a time, directed at Bax
ter's brigade, but with little damage. At noon the Union line
fell back nearer to the Brock Road for the purpose of guard-
ins" the left flank from Longstreet's movement, and the NINTH,

£> o

at one o'clock, found itself almost in the same position it occu
pied before the forward movement in the morning.

At two o'clock, General Robinson, bringing with him
Lyle's brigade of his division, and two regiments of heavy
artillery, reported to Hancock. At half-past four Long-
street's troops advanced against Hancock's left front, one col
umn marching along the Catharpen Road, to take the Second
corps in flank and rear, while another column advanced by
way of the unfinished railroad grade; their advance was cov
ered by the dense woods; they attacked with great spirit, and
Wadsworth's division was driven back in some confusion ; this
necessitated the falling back of other portions of the line, Han
cock finally rallying the men behind the intrenchments along
the Brock Road, which had been thrown up the night before.
Wadsworth was killed while endeavoring to stem the tide and

1864 BATTLE OF THE WILDERNESS. 327

Baxter was wounded. The enemy pushed on, up to the
intrenchments, capturing — momentarily — part of the line on
the left, but Carroll's brigade, of Gibbon's division, charged and
drove them out.

In his report of the battle, General Hancock says of the
field :

It was covered by a dense forest, almost impenetrable by troops in line of battle,
where maneuvering was an operation of extreme difficulty and uncertainty. The
undergrowth was so heavy that it was scarcely possible to see more than one hundred
paces in any direction. The movements of the enemy could not be observed until the
lines were almost in collision. Only the roar of the musketry disclosed the position of
the combatants to those who were at any distance, and my knowledge of what was
transpiring on the field, except in my immediate presence, was limited, and was neces
sarily derived from reports of subordinate commanders.

The NINTH lost seventy in killed and wounded and fourteen
prisoners during the day's battle. Colonel Moesch's body had
been carried to the division hospital, where a rude coffin was
hastily constructed, and the remains buried, under the direc
tion of Chaplain Roe, in the burial grounds of Ellwood
Place, on the plantation of Major J. Hovell Lacy, near the
Wilderness Tavern.* The Colonel had entered the service
as a Sergeant in Company B, and in January, 1862, was elected
Captain. After the wounding of Major Hendrickson, at
Fredericksburor he commanded the regiment, leading it also

«r^ <-> o

at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. His loss was deeply felt
by all in the regiment. He was a good soldier ; brave, almost
to rashness ; a quality that endeared him to the men in the
ranks.

General Baxter's wound was so severe as to necessitate his
leaving the field, and the brigade lost a most efficient com
mander.

To add to the horrors of the battle-field, the fire, which had
caught in the breastworks late in the afternoon, spread over
the ground on which lay the dead and wounded of both armies,
and before the rescuing parties could reach them many poor

* For an account of the subsequent recovery of the remains and their reinterment ip.
the National Cemetery at Fredericksburg, see the chapter for 1887,

328 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

sufferers were literally roasted to death. The battle of the
6th practically closed the heavy fighting in the Wilderness.

The casualties had been very severe on both sides, the
Union loss being, as reported, 2,265 killed, 10,220 wounded,
2,902 missing; total, 15,387. The total Confederate loss was
about 12,000.

The cavalry under General Sheridan had been active dur
ing the three days the army had been on the south side of the
Rapidan, and reports received during the night of the 6th
decided General Grant to move by the left Hank towards
Spottsylvania Court House, and endeavor to gain that
strategic point, and thereby turn Lee's right flank. The move
ment was to be^in on the following afternoon.

O C5

At three o'clock, on the morning of the /th, the NINTH
were aroused from their rough bivouac behind the rude
breastworks, and marched nearly three miles to the right of
the line of battle, where another crude intrenchment was hastily
thrown up. Here it remained till about four in the after
noon. Some artillery firing at long range and an intercharge
of shots on the picket line was all that occurred in front of this
part of tHe line during the day. Colonel Coulter, of the
Eleventh Pennsylvania, was again in command of the brigade,
and at half-past six orders were received to prepare for a night
march. About the middle of the afternoon the wra£on trains

began to move off, and at dark the infantry followed. It was
after nine o'clock before the brigade moved, preceded by some
cavalry, as the advance of the Fifth corps. The column
passed along the Brock Road in rear of -the Second corps,
which still remained in their intrenchments. When the men
realized that this was not a march in retreat — a second Chan-
cellorsville — but a movement nearer the enemy, their confi
dence in General Grant increased. It was a new experience
for the Army of the Potomac, and the troops relied on Grant's
ability as much as he did upon their fighting qualities. The
confidence was mutual and was well deserved.

^864 AT TUDD'S TAVERN.

CHAPTER XVIII.

LAUREL HILL— SPOTTSYLYANIA AND COLD HARBOR.

Sheridan Encountered in the Woods. — Alsop's Farm. — Battle at Laurel Hill. —
Heavy Loss in the NINTH. — Division Reorganized.— Movement Towards
Spottsylvania. — Battle of Spottsylvania. — The NINTH again Lose Heavily. — By
the Left Flank, Across the Ny River. — A Reconnoissance. — The Heavy Artillery
Reinforcements. — Badeau's Tribute to the Volunteer Soldiers. — Movement to
Guinea Station. — The North Anna. — Battle There. — The Ninth Corps. — Advance
to the Pamunkey. — Operations of the Cavalry. — Battles at Bethesda Church and
Cold Harbor. — List of the Killed and Wounded in the NINTH During the Cam
paign. — Close of Three Years' Service.

QETWEEN three and four o'clock the next morning, Sun
day, the 8th, the head of the infantry column halted for a
short rest, within a mile of Todd's Tavern. The night had
been very dark, the; roads narrow and poor, and the men were
much fatigued. At half-past five the march was resumed and
soon the cavalry were overtaken. The Twelfth Massachusetts
was the advance regiment of the brigade, and Colonel Cook,
in his history of that regiment, thus describes the scene :

The Twelfth was in the advance, Adjutant Chas. C. Wehrum riding ahead. Sud
denly "a solitary horseman " rode out from the forest, and reined his horse in front of
our adjutant.

" What regiment is this ? "

"The Twelfth Massachusetts. "

" Order them to deploy on the left of the road. What regiment comes next ? "

"The NINTH New York. "

" Order them to deploy on the right of the road. "

" By whose order ? "

The figure raised the flapping brim of his felt hat, and answered with the single
word, "Sheridan."

Colonel Bates (of the Twelfth) and Colonel Coulter rode up. The latter received the
orders direct from Sheridan, every sentence being bitten off with a " Quick ! Quick! "

From Todd's Tavern the Brock Road runs southeast, and,
following that, the two leading regiments, in line of battle,
struggling through the dense brush, pushed on for a mile or

33O THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

so, emerging from the woods, where the cavalry of Merritt
was met. The enemy had felled trees across the road and
wood paths, and it was half-past seven before the clearing was
come to. Here a narrow wood road branches off to the right
from the Brock Road, runs parallel with it for about a mile,
and then turns again into the main road close to the Alsop's
Farm, distant two miles from Spottsylvania Court House.
When the fork was reached General Robinson, with Lyle's
brigade in the lead, followed by Coulter's, kept on the main
road, while Denison's brigade took the narrow road to the
right. Upon reaching the farm of Alsop the division again
united, the brigades formed in column of regiments and, pre
ceded by skirmishers, advanced to within eight hundred yards
of the heavy woods beyond the clearing. Here they were
met by a heavy fire of artillery and, on approaching closer, by
musketry from the Confederate infantry. A charge being
ordered, the NINTH, with the other regiments, gallantly
advanced under a most destructive fire, only to find the enemy
so strongly posted behind intrenchments, that it was impossi
ble to dislodge him. General Robinson was severely wounded
in the leof while cheering on the men, and was carried from the

o o

field, Colonel Coulter assuming command of the division, and
Colonel Bates of the brigade. The men were compelled to
fall back in order to re-form. General Warren now came up
with the other three divisions, Griffin's, Crawford's, and Wads-
worth's, the latter commanded by General Cutler, and suc
ceeded in establishing a line within short musket range of the
enemy.

Thus the attempt to capture the Court House had failed,
and owing, too, to a rather curious incident. Longstreet's
corps — now under command of General R. H. Anderson — had
been ordered, on the night of the 7th, to bivouac on the battle
field of the 6th, and then march to Spottsylvania the next
morning, but the woods being on fire, he assumed the respon
sibility of continuing the march during the night, and having
the inside track, his advance division reached the junction of
the Brock and Shady Grove roads in time to interpose between

BATTLE OF LAUREL HILL. 33

Warren and his objective. The balance of Anderson's corps
came up just as Robinson's assault was repulsed.

It was a little after noon before Warren's line was estab
lished, and the battle, known as Laurel Hill, had cost the NINTH
heavily — one hundred and forty killed and wounded.

The Sixth corps, in the meanwhile, had arrived and taken
position on the the right of the Fifth, and towards evening-
advanced against the enemy, part of the Fifth corps moving to
its support. The NINTH, with the brigade, marched a couple
of miles towards the firing, but was not called into action, and
was soon withdrawn to enable the men to fill their cartridge

«!>

boxes for the next battle. The Second corps had reached
Todd's Tavern about the middle of the forenoon, where it
intrenched itself to hold the right of the line, while the Ninth
corps was moving off by way of Piney Branch Church, and fol
lowing down the north bank of the Ny River, in order to extend
the left of the line and strike the Spottsylvania-Fredericksburg
turnpike.

Morning reports the next clay, showed that, since the cross
ing of the Rapidan, Robinson's division had lost its com
mander and all the brigade commanders, as well as many of
the regimental commanders, and not less than two thou
sand in killed and wounded ; it was therefore decided to
break up the command, and distribute the brigades among the
other divisions. In the assignment the brigade, under com
mand of Colonel Coulter, was sent to General Crawford's
division. Nothing of importance occurred to the NINTH dur
ing the day, the regiment remaining behind the breastworks,
listening to the sound of the artillery and occasional discharge
of small arms on both their right and left.

Early in the morning of the Qth General Sheridan cut
loose from the army and started for the Confederate rear in
order to cut the railroads. Shortly after daylight the advance
of the Ninth corps had reached the Fredericksburg-Spott-
sylvania turnpike, where it crosses the Ny River. Driving
away the enemy's pickets posted on the south side, the troops
advanced and occupied the high ground beyond, where they

332 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

found themselves upon the Beverly Farm, and within a mile
and a half of the Court House. An attempt was made by
newly arrived portions of Lee's arm)- to regain this vantage
ground, but by noon these assaults had been gallantly repulsed
by Willcox's division ; the left of the Union line was firmly
established, and communication with Fredericksburg, by way
of the turnpike, assured. While reconnoitering along the
front of the Sixth corps in the forenoon, General Sedgwick
was killed by a sharpshooter, the command of the corps
devolving upon General H. G. Wright. In order to meet the
movement of the Ninth corps, General Lee had withdrawn
a portion of his troops from Hancock's front, and in the after
noon the Second corps moved south, and the bulk of it crossed
the Po River. At dark the Union line formed a half circle,
from the southwest to the northeast of Spottsylvania Court
House

From the official report, made by Colonel Coulter, of the
operations of the brigade from the 3d to the Qth inclusive, the
following copious extracts are taken :

Midnight, 3d instant, brigade (excepting 8Htn Pennsylvania, which had previously
been detailed as wagon guard) marched, crossing Rapiclan at Germanna Ford, and
encamped about 5 miles from Ford at 5 P. M. next day.

About 1 1 A. M., 5th instant, enemy were engaged on Fredericksburg and Orange
turnpike, near Lacy House, by parts of the ist and 4th divisions.

At I P. M. brigade ordered to support those engaged who had been compelled to
retire to earthworks on road.

After assisting to extend and strengthen earthworks, were withdrawn, and subse
quently, 6 P. M., with 4th division, were moved to the left to support of General
Hancock's right.

After entering wood, brigade advanced on right of 4th division in 2 lines, right
wing of nth Pennsylvania (which was on right of brigade) being marched by flank to
protect our right, soon engaged enemy's skirmishers and a brisk fire was maintained
until 8 P. M., when, becoming too dark, pickets were advanced and position occupied
until next morning. General Rice's brigade, 4th division, having in the meantime
taken position on right of this brigade.

Shortly after daylight, 6th instant, advance was resumed, I2th Massachusetts as
skirmishers, General Cutler's brigade, 4th division, on left, and General Rice's brigade,
4th division, on right of this brigade.

Enemy's skirmishers were driven with small loss and Plank Road soon gained, when
Hancock's line was met advancing, and direction was changed to the right. Moved
now along both sides of Plank Road, about % mile, under brisk fire, when further
advance was checked by strong force of enemy, supported by artillery.

Brigade was soon disposed as follows: nth Pennsylvania, 83d New York, part of

1864 COLONEL COULTER'S REPORT. 333

1 2th Massachusetts and 97th New York on left, and residue of I2th Massachusetts and
97th New York on right of road. Portions of 4th divison, 5th corps, were on right,
and 2cl corps in rear and left of brigade. Was here directed by General Baxter, com
manding brigade, to remain in position then occupied by portions of brigade on left of
road or move with troops connecting with me until further orders.

In meantime enemy had secured such a position as enabled him to deliver a most
galling fire on our right flank. The regiments in front, also being hotly engaged, gave
way, carrying with them those in rear, until met by another advancing line of 2d corps,
with which again advanced, retaking and retaining most of the lost ground. This
continued until 1 1 A. M. The loss in brigade was very severe ; many reported missing
are undoubtedly killed or wounded and left on the field, while the nature of the ground,
(it being literally "the Wilderness,") rendered either an extensive view or the finding
and properly caring for the wounded utterly impossible.

By the wounding of General Baxter, command of brigade devolved on myself.

I united my command to the portion which I found near General Hancock's head
quarters, amounting in all to about 600 men, and was by General Hancock ordered to
report to General Gibbon, commanding 2cl division, 2d corps, and by him was sent
with Colonel Brooks' brigade to extreme left in anticipation of an attack in that
quarter.

Here remained until about 5 P. M. strengthening position, when I was directed by
General Gibbon to report to General Hancock, by him to General Robinson, and by him
to General Warren.

After being marched to various points to meet apparent exigencies of the moment,
was at 10 P. M. ordered by General Warren into position on Plank Road, in rear of
army headquarters, enemy's efforts being at time directed against right of 6th corps.

On the morning of 7th instant was ordered to report to General Ricketts, com
manding 3d division, 6th corps, on right of General Griffin, and assisted in strengthen
ing position until 2 P. M., when was withdrawn to Lacy House, and was joined by
residue of brigade, under command of Colonel Bates, I2th Massachusetts, and later in
evening by 88th Pennsylvania, who had been returned from wagon guard and were
acting during day with ist brigade, Colonel Lyle.

The portion of brigade, under Colonel Bates, after engagement of morning of 6th
i-istant, had formed near Lacy House, and was by General Warren ordered into posi
tion on left of General Griffin, where, with some slight change, remained until rejoining
brigade.

At 10 P. M., division now united, marched to left on road to Spottslyvania Court
House. This leading passed 2d corps, marched all night, and about 5 A. M., 8th
instant, went into position, I2th Massachusetts and right wing of I ith Pennsylvania
deployed as skirmishers. Advanced about i)£ miles with some loss, enemy's skir
mishers retiring. At this point, lines, which were somewhat disordered, were under
direction of General Robinson, re-formed and advance resumed, this brigade on left
and ist and 3d brigades on right of road. From this point, ground was open; enemy
had taken position in edge of woods, strengthening himself by felling trees. When
within about 75 yards of enemy's line, fire having become very severe, both on left
fknk, which was entirely unprotected, and front,advance was chec'-ed and soon after
brigade was compelled to retire as far as woods, where lines were partially re-formed,
sufficient to secure withdrawal of our artillery. Finally, however, being still pressed,
the whole division retired to near Alsop House, when re-formed and temporary defense
of rails were erected.

334

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

May

During the advance General Robinson was severely wounded and taken from the
field. His being disabled at this juncture was a severe blow to the division, and
certainly influenced the fortunes of the day. The want of our commanding offi
cer prevented that concert of action which alone could have overcome the enemy in
front.

I may here remark that the division, from date of leaving Culpeper, had been
labored to its utmost ability, either marching, engaged with the enemy, or employed
in the erection of defensive works. It had also marched the entire night previous to,
and went into this action without having had either rest or refreshment.

Those whose duty it had been to reconnoitre the front, reported " only dismounted
cavalry." Brigade and division were pressed forward with great rapidity over difficult
ground, many being compelled, from utter exhaustion, to halt, so when the enemy was
in reality met our lines were almost decimated, and those remaining unfit for any
offensive operations. One of the men advancing having obtained, through the thick
undergrowth, a view of the enemy's skirmishers, remarked, " Pretty dismounted cavalry,
carrying knapsacks." The sequel proved the truth of this remark. The division,
exhausted and decimated, soon found itself engaged by a strong and veteran (Hood's)
division of the enemy, choosing the ground and abiding the attack.

By the disability of General Robinson, command of division temporarily devolved
on myself, being senior colonel present.

Division re-formed, as before stated, and remained in position until 8 P. M., when it
was advanced to a position on right of point of morning attack. Here were employed
during night and until noon of gth instant erecting defensive works.

In the evening of this day, ist brigade, Colonel Lyle, commanding, was temporarily
assigned to 4th division ; 2d brigade, myself commanding, to 3d division ; the 3(1 bri
gade, Colonel Bowerman, commanding, being retained by General Warren under his
own supervision.

In so far as it may be proper for a junior 1 desire to call attention to the gallantry
ot General Baxter, commanding brigade.

Wherever his presence was required there was he found, giving direction and
encouragement to his men. He was wounded while at the head of his command.

Colonel Moesch, 83d New York, fell at the head of his command. It is only
necessary to say that in his death he proved himself worthy of the favorable mention
heretofore repeatedly made of him.

I annex a tabular statement of casualties :

RECAPITULATION MAY STH TO STH.

REGIMENT.

KILLED.

WOUNDED.

MISSING.

TOTAL.

gH-

o ^
<• °

Off.

Men.

Off.

Men. Off.

Men.

Off.

Men.

General and Staff. . .
nth P. V

22
17
25

7
5
3

154
96

73
133

26
'9

I 2
23

2
10

4
8

190
137

IO2

181

200

H3
1 06
189
48

9?th N. Y

1 2th Mass
83d N. Y

88th P. V

-3

498

656

688

1864 THE BATTLE OF SI'OTTSYLVANIA. 335

SPOTTSYLVANIA.

On the morning of the loth Laurel Hill was still occupied
by the enemy in front of the Fifth corps. Lines of rifle pits
could be plainly seen on the crest of the hill ; the slope was
densely wooded, and it was believed that stronger lines of

•r O

intrenchments lay behind the rifle pits. Orders had been
issued for an advance of the Fifth and Sixth corps, and
Colonel Coulter was directed to push forward his brigade and
carry the rifle pits in his front at all hazards. The Ninety-
seventh New York were deployed on the skirmish line and
the rest of the brigade formed in two lines, the Twelfth
Massachusetts and Eighty-eighth Pennsylvania on the right,
the Eleventh Pennsylvania and the NINTH on the left, the
right wings of the regiments forming the first line of battle,
the left wings the second. While the brigade, with the rest of
the corps, lay waiting for the order to advance, a reconnois-
sance was being conducted upon the right by Hancock, who,
upon reporting the situation, was ordered to return to the north
side of the Po River, and assume command of the troops des
tined for the forward movement.

Relieving that Hancock's withdrawal was a retreat, the
enemy pushed forward and inflicted some loss upon the Second
corps, but a counter movement of a couple of brigades of Gib
bon's division in Warren's front relieved the pressure, and
Hancock was enabled to withdraw the balance of his corps
with little further loss. It was about four o'clock in the after
noon when the Fifth and Sixth corps, supported by the
Second, moved forward to the main attack. ,

At the word of command, the lines pushed forward, but
the nature of the ground was such that it was difficult to keep
close formation. The fire of the enemy's advance line was
soon encountered, but did not for a moment retard the Union
line. Up the hill, struggling through a mass of low-branched
cedars, and amid a shower of rebel bullets, the gallant men
pushed their way. The NINTH was on the extreme left of the
brigade, and as the line entered a little clearing just in front

336 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

of the enemy's breastworks, the men broke into a cheer and
charged into and over the rifle pits, the enemy hurriedly
retreating to the main line, upon higher ground, further in the
rear.

An open field intervened between the line of works just
captured and the enemy's second line, and the latter was plainly
seen bristling with artillery. After re-forming the brigade was
again ordered forward, but when within a couple of hundred
yards of the objective point, the enemy poured an enfilading
as well as direct fire into the ranks, and the men were com
pelled to halt. Taking whatever advantage the nature of the
ground afforded, the men began at once to dig with their bay
onets and throw up a slight defence, and here the position was
maintained until Gibbon's division relieved them, when the
brigade retired a few rods to the rear. At dusk, other troops
arrived, and those which had been in the advance during the
battle retired to the line of rifle pits, which they had carried
a few hours before, and where the night was spent. During
the battle, three officers in the regiment had been wounded,
twelve enlisted men had been killed and thirty were wounded.
The underbrush caught fire during the evening, and before all
the wounded could be removed, a number were burned to
death.

The Sixth corps had gained a brilliant success on the left,
early in the battle ; Colonel Upton, of the One Hundred and
Twentieth New York, in command of a division, penetrating
the enemy's main line and capturing a large number of prison
ers ; but for lack of proper support he was compelled to fall
back. The Ninth corps, on the extreme left, had reached a
point within a quarter of a mile of the Court House, but after
the fighting was over for the day, the main line of the enemy's
works still remained in their hands.

During the i ith the regiment was not called upon for any
serious work. General Grant had determined " to fight it out
on this line, if it takes all summer," and the day was spent in
making reconnoissances. It was believed that a weak point
had been discovered in the enemy's line. Sheridan had sue-

J864 TO FIGHT, IF IT TAKES ALL SUMMER. 337

ceeded in cutting the telegraph wires, and destroying several
miles of railroad between Lee's army and Richmond. During
the afternoon, dispositions were made for the renewal of the
battle the following morning. Rain began to fall about the
middle of the afternoon, and before dark the ground was wet
and the roads deep with mud. The Second corps was moved
during the night, by the rear of the Fifth and Sixth, to a posi
tion between the Ninth and Sixth corps, and was halted
within twelve hundred yards of the enemy's line.

At half-past four o'clock in the morning of the I2th, as the
NINTH lay behind the intrenchments, ready to move at the
word of command, a scattering musketry fire was heard away
off to the left ; soon the artillery was heard, and then it was
rumored throughout the command that Hancock, with the
Second corps, had attacked and captured a salient on the
enemy's line, and with it a whole division of the enemy with all
its artillery. During the heavy firing the NINTH was expect
ing every moment to be sent against the works on Laurel Hill,
but it was ten o'clock before orders to advance were received,
and then the brigade moved forward a short distance and
halted. The Pennsylvania Reserves had been given the
advance, and when they moved to the assault, Coulter's brigade
was ordered to follow in support of the right of the line. The
Pennsylvanians went in in gallant style, but when within a few
rods of the enemy their left flank was assailed by such a
murderous fire, that they were compelled to halt and then fall
back. The Sixth corps had not cleared their front, and it was
impossible for the Fifth to hold any advance ground on its own
left. During the movements Coulter's brigade had advanced
to the right of, and beyond, the assaulting column, but for
tunately the nature of the ground protected it in a measure,
and the loss in the NINTH is unknown, except one killed — Cap
tain Connolly. Some of the regiments suffered severely, the
Eleventh Pennsylvania reporting a loss of seventy-five before
regaining the point from which they started in the morning.

After dark the NINTH was sent out on picket, and during the-

338 THE NINTH NL-:\V YORK. May-

night one man was killed by a chance shot from one of the
enemy's rifles.

The morning of the I3th found the NINTH on the picket
line, where it remained till about four o'clock in the afternoon,
and then returned to a position behind the intrenchments,
Leaving a portion of the brigade to hold the line, the balance,
with the rest of the corps, marched, at about midnight; towards
the left of the Union line. The night was dark and rainy,
the route lay across country, through fields and woods, and
fires were maintained in order to keep the men from straying
in the wrong direction. Before daylight the column halted.
The Nv River had been forded during the ni^ht march, and

* O fj

many other streams crossed, which, swelled by the rain, were
deep and difficult. When daylight of the i4th appeared, it
opened upon a very tired and dirty lot of soldiers, and yet the
fighting spirit had not been quenched in the least. It was
found that the Sixth corps was on the left, and the Ninth on
the right of the Fifth; Hancock, with the Second corps, still
holding the ground at the captured salient — now the extreme
right.

A little fighting occurred during the forenoon of the i4th
in front of the Sixth corps, and a brigade from the Fifth was
sent to the support of General Upton, who, by this aid, suc
ceeded in establishing the line. As soon as Lee found the
Union left extended he withdrew his troops from Hancock's
front, and the Second corps was then massed in rear of the
center of the Union Army. By dark the new line was fully
established, its direction being about north and south, and
east of the Court House.

Little of interest occurred on the i5th. The rain contin
ued to fall, and, aside from some unimportant changes of posi
tion, during which a few shots were exchanged with the
enemy's pickets, all was quiet. By the i6th the roads had
become almost impassable for wagons or artillery, and even
the ambulances were compelled to suspend their trips to Fred-
ericksburcr with the wounded. During the forenoon the
weather had cleared off and the sun came out burning hot.

1864 MOSBY ENCOUNTERED. 339

In the afternoon, while upon a reconnoissance, the NINTH
came in contact with the enemy's skirmishers, during which
four of the regiment were killed and several more wounded.

As soon as the army had advanced far enough to cover
Fredericksburg, repairs were begun upon the railroad between
that place and Acquia creek, in order that the army might be
supplied, and an outlet established for the wounded. Mos-
by's " Guerillas" were constantly hovering about the country,
between the rear of the army and the Potomac, and in one of
their raids, near Belle Plain, attacked an ambulance train of
wounded, among which were many of the NINTH.

The train was driven into the woods, the horses detached,
but the wounded were not further molested. Mosby's men
were quite anxious for news from the front, and plied their
unresisting prisoners with all sorts of questions. The rough-
riders soon departed with the horses and the civilian drivers—
whom they took alonir to care for the animals — but clurincf the

^ o o

night word was conveyed to the Union lines, and by early
morning fresh team horses arrived and the journey to Belle
Plain was completed without further trouble.

On the i /th a movement was made by the Fifth and Sixth
corps against the right flank of the enemy. The troops moved
at daylight, but the nature of the ground was such that Gen
eral Wright found it impossible to maneuver in his frbnt, and
the movement was abandoned, and instead the Second and
Sixth corps were ordered to assault the enemy's left at the
point of Hancock's battle of the I2th. During the day anc}
evening the troops marched to their stations, the NINTH mov
ing about two miles, and at about five o'clock in the morning of

o «._>

the iSth the artillery opened. Warren's Fifth corps was to be
the reserve, and the artillery of the corps — it was expected—
would play an important part in the engagement. The NINTH
saw little of the battle, but heard enough to warrant them in
believing that a desperate engagement was being fought. By
ten or eleven o'clock Hancock became satisfied that his assault
could not succeed, and the troops were withdrawn. After the
engagement the NINTH was sent out on picket in skirmishing

34O Tin: NINTH NEW YORK. May

order, but the enemy advanced in force compelling them to fall
back ; when, however, the line, strongly supported, was ordered
to advance again, the Confederates retired and the NINTH was
left in undisputed possession of the advanced post. Picket
firing was lively, and about ten o'clock in the evening, as Col
onel Coulter was inspecting the lines he was shot through the
body and seriously wounded. Colonel Bates, of the Twelfth
Massachusetts, assumed command of the brigade.

Among the reinforcements sent to the army about this
time were several regiments of heavy artillery, which had been
ordered from the defences of Washington. Each of these

regiments numbered more than any of the old brigades of the
army, and one — the Seventh New York — entered the active
campaign sixteen hundred strong. They were all well dressed
and carried heavy knapsacks — -at first — but soon the route of
their march could be traced by abandoned clothing, white
gloves and paper collars.

Leaving Company C upon the picket line, at about five
o'clock in the afternoon of the iQth, the NINTH with the rest
of the brigade were double quicked off to the extreme right of
the line of battle, some two miles distant, near to the Harris
House, in order to support the artillery, under Col. J. Howard
Kitching, then endangered by an attack of Ramseur's brigade.
Shortly'after the arrival of the brigade the enemy fell back.
This position was maintained during the night. The Confed
erates had made an attack on the right flank of the Union
Army, and, finding little to oppose him, Ewell, whose corps was
the assaulting party, crossed the Po River, between the Fred-
ericksburg-Spottsylvania turnpike and the Richmond and
Fredericksburg Telegraph Road. The only force that lay
between him and Fredericksburg was Ferrero's division of
colored troops, of the Ninth corps, and Tyler's brigade of
heavy artillery, neither of which had ever been under fire in
the open field. Tyler's brigade was first encountered, but the
" Heavies" gave a good account of themselves, and when Fer
rero's troops became engaged, as they did, lightly, it was
reported that " the colored troops fought nobly."

1864 BADEAU'S TRIBUTE TO THE VOLUNTEERS. 341

At five o'clock the next morning, the 2Oth, the NINTH
moved a mile or so towards the front, but met none of the
enemy, and by half-past six were back where the night had
been spent, and where the regiment remained till half-past ten
the following morning. The movements back and forth about
Spottsylvania were, to the average soldier, like wandering
through the woods on a dark night. Badeau, in his Military
History of Ulysses S. Grant, Vol. II., page 211, says :

None but a soldier knows how the fatigues of such a campaign affect the spirits7
and the endurance and even the valor of soldiers. These long periods, without rest or
sleep, and with hurried meals — when the nerves are always strung, the men always
expecting battle, always on the lookout against surprise — these wear out the vital force,
which is indispensable even to moral courage. Besides this, the marching up and down
over the same ground, the advancing, apparently, only to withdraw, the maneuvering,
so far as the troops could see, to no purpose, was not only wearisome, but discouraging.
It was impossible for even officers, absorbed in their immediate duties, and observing
only a limited portion of the force or the field, to form a correct idea of the object of
half the maneuvers in which they were engaged ; while private soldiers could hardly
ever know whether Grant's aim was attained or not, whether an engagement was a
feint, or an attack only a cover. All they knew was their own hard duty — to march,
and to fight, to suffer and obey. Grant now determined upon another movement by
the left flank, in order to place his army between Lee and the North Anna River.

About ten or eleven o'clock in the morning of the 2ist,
General Warren began to withdraw the Fifth corps for the
march to Guinea Station, on the Richmond and Fredericks-
burg railroad, and near the Mattapony — a river formed by the
junction of the Mat, Ta, Po, and Ny. Here the river was
crossed, and at five o'clock in the afternoon the troops moved
out towards the Telegraph Road for a short distance, and then
halted for the night. Hancock had a light engagement with
the enemy at Guinea Station, but had pushed on down the
railroad, and at night bivouacked at Milford, part of his troops
on the south side of the Mattapony. The Sixth and Ninth
corps had been left near Spottsylvania to hold the enemy as
long as possible.

Early in the morning of the 22nd the brigade moved for-

* r> o

ward to near the Telegraph Road on a reconnoissance. It was
not known just ho\v far Lee had divined Grant's plan, and,
while waiting for the arrival of the Sixth and Ninth corps,

342 THE NINTH NEW YORK. May

the desired information must be obtained. Colonel Bates
obtained the facts wanted of some prisoners captured from a
rebel cavalry regiment, which had been driven back to the Tele
graph Road, and it was to the effect that Ewell's and Ander
son's corps had marched south during the night. Upon
reporting this to division headquarters, the brigade was imme
diately recalled and the march continued south, the troops
halting for the night near Harris' Store, nine miles from
Guinea Station. The Ninth corps had reached Guinea Sta
tion early in the morning, and the Sixth corps soon followed,
bringing up the rear of the Union Army. Hancock had been
ordered to remain at Milforcl until the army was within sup
porting distance.

At six o'clock in the morning of the 23d the march was
resumed by way of the Telegraph Road, and the North Anna
crossed at half-past four in the afternoon. The division crossed
the stream at the fords above the main road, and formed line of
battle on the left of the corps, Griffin's division in the center and
Cutler's on the right. Lee's army at this time was concentrated
at Hanover Junction, the crossing of the Virginia Central with
the Richmond and Fredericksburg railroad. The Virginia
Central runs nearly southeast through the narrow space be
tween the North Anna and Little Rivers, the road overlooking
both streams, and A. P. Hill's corps of Lee's army was on that
line, opposed to Warren. Before the formation of the corps
was completed, and while Cutler's division was establishing the
right of the line, Hill's troops made a vigorous attack, driving
a portion of the division back in confusion, but Griffin came
to the rescue, and the enemy were repulsed with the loss of a
number of prisoners The NINTH witnessed the battle, but
was not actively engaged and suffered no loss.

When the attack opened on the Fifth corps, Hancock ad
vanced towards the river by way of the Telegraph Road, but
found the enemy strongly intrenched to dispute his passage ;
after a gallant charge by two of his leading brigades the enemy
were driven out of their works and across the bridge, darkness
alone preventing Hancock from following to the south side.

JKRICIIO AND OX FORDS. 343

The railroad bridge, a mile east of the Telegraph Road, was
still held by the enemy.

The next morning, the 24th, it was found that the enemy
had retired from the vicinity of the turnpike bridge and Han
cock crossed and established his line, but between him and
Warren the enemy was in strong force, covering Ox Ford, oppo
site which the Ninth corps lay. When Burnside attempted
the passage his advance was checked. Between Ox Ford and
Jericho Ford, further up the stream, where the Fifth corps had
crossed, another ford, — Ouarle's, — was discovered, and while
Burnside sent Crittenden's division to that point, Crawford's
division was ordered to cooperate with it and endeavor to drive
the enemy from before Ox Ford, while Potter's division of the
Ninth corps, which had moved clown the stream and crossed by
the Telegraph Bridge, was to move up on the south side and
attack the enemy from below.

Very early in the morning, and before it was known that
the enemy were in such strong force between Hancock and
Warren, a regiment of Pennsylvania Reserves had been sent
from the Fifth corps to march down the stream and endeavor
to form a connection between the two corps ; but it had not
gone far before the enemy discovered the movement and
began to close in upon its rear ; by that time, however, it had
reached Quarle's Ford, where Crittenden, from the north side,
was preparing to cross, and Crawford's division, coming along
soon after, the enemy withdrew further down to their position
at Ox Ford.

It was about half-past ten when the NINTH was ordered
to march ; the Twelfth Massachusetts was deployed as skir
mishers in front of the brigade.

Crittenden's division of the Ninth corps struck the enemy
first, but the position was found too strong for to carry it, and
he was obliged to fall back after suffering severe loss. A part
of Crawford's division was also encra^ed, On the nVht of Crit-

o o o

tenden; but when darkness ended the engagement the enemy
still held their ground. Potter had made a vigorous attack

o o

from below, but he too, was unsuccessful. The attacking force

344 TIIE ^I^TII NEW YORK. May

had no artillery on the tield, while the enemy was strongly
intrenched and well supplied with field guns. During the
nicdit the NINTH was sent out to strengthen* the front line, and

o o

the men lay upon their arms, ready for any emergency,

At four o'clozk in the morning of the 25:11, the NINTH
moved half a mile or so to the left of where the niHit had

been spent, and when line of battle had been formed the
brigade moved forward, driving in the enemy's skirmishers till
they took shelter behind their works. The NINTH'S loss was
one killed and two wounded. Rifle-pits and breastworks
were now thrown up, the men working hard all day to render
their position secure. The enemy made no attempts to leave
their strong position and attack the Union forces, but acted
purely on the defensive. During the day other portions of
the army were busy in destroying the railroads within their
reach. Grant had learned that the Confederate army had
been largely reenforced, and, finding that he could not pene
trate Lee's lines at this point, resolved upon another move
ment by the left flank. During the afternoon the orders
were issued, and after dark the troops began to recross the
river, the Sixth corps first, followed by the Fifth. By daylight
of the 2;th the Union Army was on the march towards the
Pamunkey, a river formed by the North and South Annas,
which unite eight or ten miles below the crossing of the North
Anna, by the Fredericksburg railroad. At night the NINTH
bivouacked at Reedy Creek, eighteen miles from Jericho
Ford. Grant's headquarters were at Maggahick Church
near by.

Little has been said about the operations of the cavalry
during this campaign, but it should be borne in mind that the
troopers, under Sheridan and his able lieutenants, rendered
most important services, especially during these flank move
ments and the consequent changes of base of the Union
Army. Early in the morning of the 28th the troops were
again in motion. The NINTH passed through the little
hamlet of Maggahick, and, pushing on in a southeasterly
direction, struck the Pamunkey near Hanover Town. Pon-

'S64 THE PAMUNKEY RIVER.

345

toons were laid, the cavalry and portions of the infantry were
already across, and when the Fifth corps went over it formed
the left of the Union line, the Second corps being in the
-center and the Sixth on the right. The Ninth corps
remained on the north bank to guard the immense train of
over four thousand wagons. The Army of the Potomac was
again on the Yorktown Peninsula.

The Fifth corps was formed with Crawford's division on
the left, Cutler in the center, and Griffin on the rierht. As

soon as the troops crossed the river detachments were sent
out to support the cavalry, and before nightfall the NINTH suc
ceeded in capturing some sixty prisoners, and that without
much fighting, or any loss in the regiment. The prisoners
captured belonged to E well's corps, under command of Gen
eral Jubal A. Early, the former being absent— sick. As soon
as a line had been established for the night, the men began,
without any special ciders, to throw up a breastwork; indeed,
so common had this precautionary measure become, that
wherever a line of troops halted in the presence of the enemy,
the position was secured in this way. The ground was
familiar to many in the army. A number of,,regiments in the
Fifth corps had fought at Mechanicsville in 1862, and the
line was again approaching the Chickahominy.

Early in the morning of the 2Qth the brigade moved off to
the left for about two miles, then struck the Shady Grove
Church turnpike and after occupying several tentative posi
tions during the day, and throwing up barricades at each halt
ing place, it retired two miles to the rear, where the night was
spent. During the day the Sixth corps had prolonged the
right of the line to near Hanover Court House, Hancock,
with the Second corps, had approached Totopotomoy Creek,
while a portion of the F;ifth corps had crossed that stream.
The Union line faced about southwest.

At nine o'clock the next morning, the 3Oth, the troops
moved forward against the enemy, who was believed to occupy
a line parallel with the Chickahominy, and but a short distance
away. The road leading to Shady Grove Church runs almost

346 THE NINTH NEW YORK. Mar

due east and west at the point where Crawford's division spent
the night, and, crossing this, the Mechanicsville Road was
gained and the enemy's cavalry skirmishers driven in. The
enemy made a bold attempt to get in on the left flank of the
Fifth corps ; for this purpose endeavored to regain possession
of the Mechanicsville Pike, but the Pennsylvania Reserves
were sent out to check the movement, and, upon reaching the
vicinity of Bethescla Church, about four miles from Mechanics
ville, they met the enemy, and a fierce encounter was the
result. Pea-ram's brigade, under command of Colonel Willis,

o £>

Twelfth Georgia, charged the Reserves, but was driven back
with heavy loss. Supports came up later in the day, and the
advanced position was maintained during the night. Nearly
three miles southeast of the left of the line occupied by the
infantry of the Union Army, at Cold Harbor, Sheridan's cav
alry had a brisk engagement with the enemy's troopers, and at
night held the field.

There was but little fighting during the 3ist, the day being
occupied in strengthening the lines and making reconnois-
sances. The rival pickets were active, however, and probably
at no time during the campaign was there so much sharp-
shooting indulged in.

Shortly after ten o'clock in the morning of June ist, the
NINTH was deployed as skirmishers and ordered to advance
towards the enemy, for the purpose of developing his position.
The ground was most unfavorable, swampy, and covered with
tangled brush. Upon reaching firmer ground, the enemy were
discovered in force, who charged upon the skirmish line, driv
ing it back into the swamp, but the Ninety-seventh New York,
Colonel Charles Wheelock, coming up to the support, the
enemy were in turn driven back to their intrenched line.
About sundown the regiment was recalled. Grant had
decided that the line of the Totopotomoy was too well forti
fied for 'him to force his way through, and he had ordered
another movement by the left, towards Cold Harbor. The
march was begun after dark. General Warren had been
ordered to the new line, and to connect his left with the

1864 BETHESDA CHURCH AND COLD HARBOR. 347

Eighteenth corps, under General W. F. Smith, which was
expected to arrive on the field, from the White House, during
the night.

It was not until noon of the 2nd that the Fifth corps reached
the position assigned it, with the left connecting with the
Eighteenth corps at Woody's, about a mile north of Cold Har
bor, the right resting near Bethesda Cnurch. Meanwhile, the
Second and Sixth corps had passed down by the rear to Cold
Harbor and held that important position, the Second on the
left of the Sixth, while the cavalry moved further to the left
and front, towards the Chickahominy. The Ninth corps was
on the extreme right, beyond Bethesda Church. More or less
fighting occu red at various points of the long line while these
movements were being made ; the NINTH was on the skirmish
line, actively engaged, and lost three killed and twelve
wounded. The clay had been intensely hot, the troops were
much worn out by the fatigues of the march, and Grant
decided to wait till daylight the next morning before making
any serious attack.

The 3rd of June opened hot and sultry, the rain of the
previous afternoon cooling the atmosphere but little. Shortly
after daylight the battle began on the left, the Second, Sixth
and Eighteenth corps becoming actively engaged. The
advance lines of the enemy's works were gallantly carried, but
when the main line of fortifications was reached the assault was
checked. On the front of the Fifth and Ninth corps the fight
ing was less bloody; Warren's line was too extended for offen
sive operations, and only Griffin's division was moved against the
enemy's works. While on the skirmish line, close to the
enemy, and holding the position assigned it, the NINTH lost
several killed and wounded. By reason of other movements
along the line the enemy withdrew his troops in front of the
division, at about four o'clock in the afternoon, and the NINTH
advanced to a new line, where breastworks were thrown up,
behind which the night was spent. The regiment remained
here during the 4th, also, and one man was killed, the last
casualty during the three years' service of the NINTH.

348 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

Beiovv will be found as complete a list of the killed, or died
of wounds, and number of wounded during the campaign, as
it has been possible to obtain. It foots up two hundred and
fifty-seven, but Major Williamson's account makes it two hun
dred and ninety ; his, however, does not give any names of
either the killed or wounded.

LOSSES IN THE NINTH FROM MAY STH TO

JUNE 4TH, 1864.

OFFICERS KILLED.

Colonel Joseph A. Moesch ; Capt. John M. K. Connolly, Co.
A ; Lieut. Charles M. Reynolds, Co. D.

OFFICERS WOUNDED.

Adjutant Henry P. Clare ; Capt. Henry Ferret and First
Lieut. Henry Muncke, Co. B; Capt. Fred Guyer, Co. D;
First Lieut. Henry E. Buermeyer, Co. F ; First Lieut. Wil
liam S. Morris and Second Lieut. Frank F. Carter, Co. G ;
First Lieut. Benjamin F. Bowne, Co. I ; Capt. John I. Van
Alst, Jr., Co. L.

ENLISTED MEN.

Company A.

Killed : Sergeant Fred. Kirchet ; Corporal Edward Me
Grath ; Privates, Israel Amond, James Clark, John Cross, and
Hiram C. Thayer. Wounded, 17.

Company B.

Killed : Sergeant Charles H. Barker ; Corporal William
Kreimler ; Privates. Silas Crowinshield, William H. McNaugh-
ton, Archibald Thompson. Wounded, 18.

Company C.

Killed : Privates, August D. C. Guild, Levi Havens, John
Miller, Daniel Osborne, Luther Peck, and George Shafer.
Wounded, 16

1864 LOSSES IX THE CAMPAIGN. 349

Company D.

Killed : Corporal's \V infield S. Wyckoff and William Hood ;
Privates, James B. Barton, George H. Grossman, John English,
Isaac Heath, John T. Newling, Alexander View, and John D.
Wickham. Wounded. 22.

Company E.

Killed : Sergeant William Henderson ; Corporal Thomas
Moore; Privates, John H. Caldwell, Thomas Cuzzen, Herman
Ellison, and Daniel F. Gillett. W'ounded, 17,

Company F.

Killed : Sergeant Archibald Penny ; Privates, Jeremiah
Crowley, Phillip Gabell, Peter Peters, and Charles Rubio.
Wounded, 18.

Company G. »

Killed : Corporal George W. Topping ; Privates, David
Barbour, John B. Foster, Conrad Krowle, John Rivers, and
James Sherman. Wounded, 20.

Company H.

Killed : Privates; William Aston, Alexander Beus, Ferdi
nand Fohrman, John Martin, Amos Myatt, and Thomas
Trigg. Wounded, 14.

Company I.

Killed: Corporal George Bodenmiller ; Privates, Anable
Farley, John Hess, Michael Martin, Joacham Maurice, Henry
Montgomery, Raphael Poissant, and Peter Treddo. Wounded,
22.

Company L.

Killed : Sergeant Benjamin F. Douglass ; CorporalGeorge
Bunte ; Privates, William E. Allen, John Clarke, Thomas Kerr,
Jacob Lober, and Benjamin J. Montey. Wounded, 19.

The official account of the losses in the Union Army from
the Wilderness to the James River, as given by Colonel
Robert N.Scott (Editor of The Official Records of the War
of the Rebellion^, in 1886, are as follows :

35°

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

Jure

KILLED.

WOUNDED.

CAPTURED
OR
MISSING.

TOTAL.

\Vilclerness

2,246

12,037

3,383

17,666

Spottsylvania

2,725

13,416

2.258

18.^00

North Anna and Totopotomoy . .
Cold Harbor

591

1,844

2,734
9,077

66 1

1,816

3,986
12.7V7

Sheridan's Kxpeditions ....

214

1,078

849

2,14.1

Total

7,620

38,342

8.967

54.Q2Q

The 8th of the month, the end of the three years' term of
the regiment was drawing near. A number of regiments, whose

O O O

time had expired during the campaign, had left for their
homes, the members that had not served out their term of
enlistment being transferred to other regiments from the same
State. On the morning of the 5th, at half-past four o'clock,
the NINTH was withdrawn from the front line, thence march
ing to the right and rear for about a mile. Orders were then
given to prepare the muster-out rolls and discharge papers.
Near midnight, however, the men were ordered into line again,
and the march continued towards the south, or left of the
line, for about six miles, where a halt was made, and at day
light of the 6th work on the rolls was resumed. The whole
day was occupied in this work, and while the company clerks
were busy writing, the men, with little else to do, walked about
the bivouac chatting together ; those who were to return home

o o

happy and cheerful, and with the satisfaction of knowing that
they had served their country faithfully for three years, and
were now entitled to an honorable discharge.

The register of officers present at this date was as follows :
Lieut.-Col. William Chalmers ; Major Henry V. William
son ; Adjutant Henry P. Clare ; Acting Quartermaster John
B. Dolan ; Surgeon Charles J. Nordquist ; Captains Hub-
bard, Jacobs, Thorne, and Whitney ; Lieutenants, Barnum,
Butler, Hirst, Howard, McCort, Moore, Munson, and Page; a
total of seventeen.

Seventy-five of the enlisted men present had also com
pleted their term of service, and with the officers made ninety-

"SIXTH" NEW YORK

STATE-MILITIA

1861-1864

No. 1

Wl.ilc Oik t'f

edericksburg

CAMPAIGNS

or THE

"NINTH" NEW YORK

STATE-MILITIA
1861-1864

These Maps
Compiled From Official Sources

WILLIAM TODD.

1864 BOUND FOR HOME. 35!

two who left the field for home. As already stated, the NINTH
entered the campaign with a total strength of five hundred and
fifteen ; two hundred and fifty-seven have been accounted for
as killed or wounded, and these with the ninety-two entitled to
a discharge would leave One hundred and sixty-six ; but the
loss by capture, and a few desertions, reduced the number
actually transferred to the Ninety-seventh New York, below
these figures. It has been found impracticable to obtain the
record of these transferred men, except of four who were com
missioned in that regiment — Captain John J. Kelly, and
Lieutenants, William Black, Joseph B. Davis, and Augustus
W. Meade.

At five o'clock in the afternoon of the 7th the NINTH
started for White House Landing, covering the fifteen miles
by eleven o'clock, and at ten o'clock the next morning the
transport Emily was boarded, the vessel soon after steaming
down the Pamunkey and then up the Potomac. The trip was
much enjoyed, the men spending the time in singing and chat
ting about the good time they expected to enjoy upon reach
ing home. At four o'clock in the afternoon of the gth, the
regiment landed at Washington, and at once marched to pay
their respects to General Robinson, who was slowly recover
ing — with the loss of a leg — from the effects of the wound
received at the battle of Laurel Hill. The Soldier's Rest
then received the men, where a hearty supper was enjoyed ; the
officers, meanwhile, dining royally at " Brown's." The next
day was spent in " brushing up," preparatory to leaving on the
cars for New York. At seven o'clock in the evening line was
formed with ninety-two officers and enlisted men, and at ten
minutes past eight the train moved out. Jersey City was
reached at seven o'clock the next morning, the i ith.

352 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

CHAPTER XIX.

HOME AGAIN.

The NINTH Arrives in New York. — The Reception. — Banquet at the St. Nicholas
Hotel. — " Return of the Regiment," 1'oein. — Register of Officers and Number of
Men at Muster out. — List of Battles and Losses Therein. — Register of Brigade,
Division, Corps and Army Commanders, and Generals-in-chief. — Register of
Commissioned Officers and Enlisted-men who were Promoted From the NINTH.

T2EFORE leaving Washington a telegram had been received
from a representative of the members and ex-members of
the regiment, then in New York, desiring to know the hour
at which the regiment would reach Jersey City, as those at
home wished to provide an escort to the returning braves;
a reply was forwarded, but not a familiar face greeted the regi
ment at the Jersey City station. After waiting a reasonable
time line was formed and the regiment boarded the ferry-boat.
Upon reaching New York the NINTH marched up Cortlandt
street to Broadway, thence to the City Hall Park, where the
committee on reception was met.

From the columns of the Mercury, of June, I2th the fol
lowing account is taken :

THE RETURNING VETERANS.

RECEPTION OF THE NINTH N. Y. N. G.

The regiment reached this city yesterday morning about nine o'clock having, pres
ent, all told, seventy-eight men and seventeen officers. Altogether, counting the orig
inal strength, and the additions made by recruiting, the regiment has had nearly 2,300
men, of these something over a hundred were left in the field, to serve out their unex-
pired term. Thus it will be seen that the fatal campaigns in which this command has
participated, have taken off not much, if any, short of 2,100 men — a brilliant and yet
fearful history. Of course, of these many have been sick, or wounded, but several hun
dred have died either in battle or from the effect of wounds.

The following is a list of the present officers, who returned with the regiment.

Lieut. -Colonel Wm. Chalmers.

Major Henry V. Williamson.

1864 AGAIN IN \K\V YORK CITY. 353

Adjutant Henry P. Clare.
Acting Quartermaster John B. Dolan.
Surgeon Chas. J. Nordquist.

Captains, Cyrus C. Hubbard, Jacob Jacobs, Lawrence M. Whitney, and
Thomas \V. Thorne.

First Lieutenants, Thomas W. Howard, Frank Page, Geo. O. Hirst, and Henry C.
Barn urn.

Second Lieutenants, John I). Moore, J. Fred Munson, Augustus P. Butler, and
John W. McCort.

The procession formed in the following order :

Squad of Police.

Band.

Sixth Company (Caotain Joseph B. Young), Seventh Regiment, N. V. N. G,

acting as escort.

Band.
Ex-members of the NINTH Regiment and friends of the command, in citizens dress.

NINTH Regiment Drum Corps.
. NINTH Regiment, N. Y. N. G.

Police.

The procession passed through the principal streets, and was reviewed by Mayor
Gunther, and the Common Council.

In front of the delegation of ex-members and citizens was borne a banner upon
which was inscribed the many battles in which the regiment has participated.

Everywhere the veterans were greeted with kindness, and enthusiasm, and though
crowds did not line Broadway, as usual, the demonstrations were, under the circum
stances creditable.

The regiment returned to the " City Guard " Armory, where a cold collation was
served up to the men, prepared by the direction of the friends of the regiment ; at the
close of which the men were but too happy to embrace their friends at home, and left
without waiting for the after-dinner speeches.

Very unfortunately the Legislature practically prohibited the proper reception of
this gallant command, by striking out the appropriation designed for such purposes.

After waiting until nearly noon for the promised escort,
the regiment started to march up Broadway without one, but,
when near Franklin Street, the long expectant column
appeared, headed by Neyer's band.

A number of wounded officers, among whom were Captain
Van Alst, and Lieutenant's Bowne, Buermeyer and Carter,
with some twenty enlisted men, joined in this " Home from
the War " parade.

After some little time spent in extending congratulations
to the survivors, the NINTH was given the post of honor in
the column, and the march continued up Broadway, to Bond
Street, to the Bowery, to Fourteenth Street, to Broadway,

354 T1IE NINTH NEW YORK. June

and thence to the Armory of the City Guard (Company C,
of the NINTH), which had been tendered the Veterans as
Headquarters until the regiment was mustered out

A bountiful collation was found ready spread for the
refreshment of the guests, and every one present did ample
justice to the feast. As the eating and drinking progressed,
the annoyance produced by the non-appearance of the escort
at the proper time passed from the minds of the NINTH, and,
before the feast ended, hearty cheers were given for Company
H of the Seventh, the City Guard, the ex-members, and all
concerned in the reception.

While awaiting the final ceremony of muster-out the men
were allowed to go to their homes, but required to report
every day and answer to roll-call. Meanwhile their friends
got up a reception in their honor, which was tendered on the
evening of the 2ist, at the St. Nicholas Hotel. Ex-Colonel
Van Beuren presided at the table, and was ably supported by
the Committee of Arrangements — Messrs. Fisher, Braine,
Lanning, Draper and King. After discussing an elaborate
bill of fare, speaking, singing, and social intercourse succeeded.
Following is a poem, written in honor 'of the occasion, by
Major J. Woodruff Lewis, and read at the banquet :

RETURN OF THE REGIMENT.

Do you forget

The crowd that met
Three years ago — historic years ?

Marching along,

A patriot throng,
Gath'ring with loud hurrahs and cheers ;

The music of bands,

The grasping of hands,

The partings, freighted with hopes and fears,
The waving of scarfs, and love's bright tears,
While under the flag each heart reveres.

Gay as the day,

In sunny Broadway,

Our gallant boys went marching along —
" Off to the war " — one thousand strong.

BANQUET AT THE ST. NICHOLAS. 355

II.

We then all thought.

That e'er we fought
One-third three years the war would end,

One battle's rush,

We thought, would crush '
It out and send us home again !

Twas not to be,

For " Strategy "

Just then was " chief, " and to extend
His lines remote and there defend.
He'd march twice 'round to gain the end !

Putting a cordon

'Round the rebel Jordan,
\Vas mere child's play for old Strategy, then,
In the clays \ve numbered a thousand men !

in.

Ah nevermore

Upon Time's shore,
Will march that thousand strong in life !

The gallant few

To-night with you,
Speak silently of deadly strife,

Of Southern sun,

Of battles won.

Where, next the foe, our banners stream-
Symbols of Hope for Freedom's realm —
AsCiod's avenging lightnings gleam !

" Charge " — from throat

And bugle note —

Hushed the breath and fix'd the eye —
" Forward," to death or victory.

IV.

Where muskets' flash,
And cannon's crash.
Made grimmest music sink and swell.

Nor could arrest

Our boys who prest
Through withering storms of shot and shell,

And clashing steel

And peal on peal.

That smites, and shrills, and shrieks a knell,
While files closed up, as comrades fell,
Midst sighs and groans, and wild farewell,

On through breath

Of cannon's death,

Through " white, infernal powder cloud " — •
A warp and woof for battle-shroud.

356 THE NINTH NEW YORK. jime

We turn his flanks,

His shattered ranks

Refuse to rally — begin to yield,

, And swooping past

His batteries blast,
We storm his works and sweep the field.

The battle's won —

The day our own —
The musketry dies slowly out ;
Our Horse pursue the flying few,
And ends the day by total rout.

Night follows day,

Tears, victory !

In one such hour of deadly strife
Compress ten years of peaceful life.

VI.

Green on the wall

Of memory's hall

Twine garlands of myrtle and laurel for those
Pass'd through the pale door

Of bright evermore,
For they fell as they fought — each face to the foe's.

Silent the drum,

And rusty the sword.

But down History's aisles, in the future appears.
Names — looking dim thro' the mist of our tears, — •
Yet glowing as martyrs' immortal with years.

In silence the glass

To their memory pass ;
Another — a bumper — and with it a cheer —
Let us give to the battle-scarred veterans here !

The principal muster-out took place on June 2$d, Captain
Henry A. Ellis, Seventeenth U. S. Inf., being the mustering
officer. By this time a number of officers and enlisted men,
who had been absent, — wounded, sick, or on detached service,
—had joined the regiment, which, together with the Battery,—
Company K — the NINTH, with pardonable pride, still claiming
that as part of the regiment, — raised the number finally mus
tered out to two hundred and fifty-four. The companies were
not all mustered-otit at the same time, however, the origi
nal members of the Battery were mustered out on the 2Oth,

1864 THH MUSTER OUT. 357

but filled up by recruits and transfers from the Tenth N. Y.
Battery, that company remained in service till July 8, 1865.
Companies A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H were mustered out
on the 23d, while the members of Company I, were indi
vidually discharged in the months of July and August, and
those of Company L in September.

The names of the officers, and strength of the several com
panies, are here given as upon the date of muster-out.

FIELD AND STAFF.

Lieut-Col. William Chalmers, Major Henry V. William
son, Surgeon Charles J. Nordquist, Adjutant Henry P. Clare.
Quartermaster A. Martin Burtis. Total, 5.

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. — c.

J i

COMPANIES.

Co. A. — ist Lieut. John B. Dolan, 2nd Lieut. John D.
Moore, and 10 men. Total, 12.

Co. B. — Capt. Henry Ferret, ist Lieut. Frederick Muric-
ke, and 16 men. Total, 18.

Co. C. — Capt. Cyrus C. Hubbard, ist Lieut. George O.
Hirst, 2d Lieut. J. Fred. Munson, and 8 men. Total, 11.

Co. D. — ist Lieut. Frank I. Page, and 11 men. Total, 12.

Co. E. — Capt. Lawrence M. Whitney, ist Lieut. Thomas
W. Howard, 2nd Lieut. E. Franklin Jordan, and 13 men. Total,
1 6.

Co. F. — Capt. Jacob Jacobs, ist Lieut. Henry E. Buer-
meyer, 2nd Lieut. Robert F. Cooke, and 17 men. Total, 20.

Co. G. — Capt. Thomas W. Thome, ist Lieut. William S.
Morris, 2nd Lieut. Frank F. Carter, and 14 men. Total, 17.

Co. H. — ist Lieut. Henry C. Barnum, 2nd Lieut Augustus
P. Butler, and 22 men. Total, 24.

Co. I. — ist Lieut. Benjamin F. Bowne, 2nd Lieut. John W.
McCort, and 17 men. Total, 19.

,58

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

Co. K. — Capt. Moses P. Clark, ist Lieut. J. Wade Wilson,
2nd Lieut. Arthur J. Dear, and 78 men. Total, 81.*

Co. L. — Capt. John I Van Alst, Jr., ist Lieut. Thomas W.
Higgs, and 10 men. Total, 12.

Captains William J. Barnes, Co. I, and Frederick Guyer,
Co. D — total 2 — and a number of enlisted men, whose term of
service had expired, were still held as prisoners of war.

The number mustered out, including the battery company,
was two hundred and fifty-four. The total number on the regi
mental rolls, including seven hundred and forty-eight drafted
men, or substitutes, was two thousand two hundred and seventy
eight.

Three years and twenty-seven days was the actual time the
NINTH had served in the U. S. Army. One fond of statistics
eives the number of miles marched by the regiment during

«t> J <-> o

that time, as fallows : 1861, two hundred and sixty-one ; 1862,
seven hundred and thirty-nine ; 1863, six hundred and ninety-
four; 1864, one hundred and seventy four. Total, one thou
sand eight hundred and sixty-eight miles.

CASUALTIES.

OFFICERS.

ENLISTED
MEN.

TOTAL.

Killed o

r Mortally Wounded

i;6

164.

Died of

Disease, Accident, etc

Died in

Confederate Prisons . .

251

261

* 27 of this number were mustered out June 20, 1864.
54 of this number were mustered out July 8, 1865.

1 864

THE BATTLES AND LOSSES.

559

ENGAGED IN THE BATTLES OK

Kl I.I.KI)
A N I )
DIED OF
WOUNDS.

WOUNDED.

MISSING.

TOTAL.

Harper's Ferry, Va., July 4, 1861

Cedar Mountain, Va., Au<£. 9, 1862

-->

Thoroughfare Gap, Va., Aug. 28, 1862. . . .
2nd Bull Run, Va.. Aug. 30, 1862

I 2

7
76

South Mountain, Md., Sept. 14, 1862

Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862

I Id

Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 11-15, '862.. . .
Fitzhugh's Crossing, Va., Apr. 29-30, 1863
Chance llorsville, Va., May 1-4, 1863
Gettysburg, Pa., July 1-4. 1863

130
i

4
83

Mine Run, Va., Nov. 28, 1863
Wilderness, Va., May 5-7, 1864. i

Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864

17 >

262

Spottsylvania, Va., May 9-13, 1864 ^

Bethesda Church and Cold Harbor, Va.. /
June 1-4, 1864 \

Battery s Engagements to July, 1865

I T.

Asrtrretrate. .

164

A2T.

171

758

PRESENT ALSO AT THE KOI.:. OWING P.ATTLES.
Rappahannock, Va., Aug. 20-23, 1862.
Chantilly, Va.. Sept. I, 1862.
North Anna, Va., May 23-27, 1864.

REGIMENTAL,

Col. Jxo. \V. STILES ; Lt.-Col. WM. H. HALLICK ; Major
ALLAN RUTHERFORD; Lt.-Col. WM. ATTERBURV ; Col. JNO.
HEXDRICKSOX ; Major DABNEV W. DIGGS ; Col. JOSEPH A.
MOESCH ; Major HENRY V. WILLIAMSON ; Lt.-Col. WM.
CHALMERS.

BRIGADE.

Brig.-Gen. CHAS. P. STONE ; Brig. -Gen. CHAS. S. HAMILTON ;
Col. JOHN W. STILES; Brig.-Gen. J. J. ABERCROMBIE ; Brig.-
Gen. GEO. L HARTSUFF; Col. RICHARD COULTER; .Brig.-Gen.
NELSON TAYLOR; Col. SAMUEL H. LEONARD; Brig.-Gen.
HENRY BAXTER; Col. JAMES L. BATES.

DIVISION.
Maj.-Gen. ROBT. PATTERSON ; Brig.-Gen. E. O. C. ORD ;

360 Tin: xi.vni NEW YORK. June

Brig. -Gen. JAS. B. RICKETTS; Brig.-Gen. JOHN GIBBON; Brig.-
Gen. JOHN C. ROBINSON; Brig.-Gen. JAS. WADSWORTH; Brig.-
Gen. SAML. W. CRAWFORD; Brig.-Gen. HENRY L. LOCKWOOD.

CORPS.

Maj.-Gen. N. P. BANKS; Maj.-Gen. IRVIN McDowELL ;
Maj.-Gen. Jos. HOOKER ; Maj.-Gen. JNO. F. REYNOLDS; Maj.-
Gen. JNO. NEWTON ; Maj.-Gen. G. K. WARREN.

ARMY.

Maj.-Gen. JOHN POPE; Maj.-Gen. GEO. B. MCCLELLAN;
Maj.-Gen. A. E. BURNSIDE; Maj.-Gen. Jos. HOOKER; Maj.-
Gen. GEO. G MEADE.

GENERAI.S-IN C IIIEF.

Lt.-Genl. WIXFIELD S^orr; Maj.-Genl. GEO. B. Mc.-
CLELLAN ; Maj.-Genl. HENRY W. HALLECK ; Lieut.-Genl. U.
S. GRANT.

The folloiving members of the NINTH accepted promotion in
tfie organizations named*

CHARLES H. ANDERSON, Private Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut.

i68th N. Y. Vols. Jan. 20; ist Lieut, and Quartermaster

July i ; mustered out Oct 31, 1863.
EDWARD O. BAKER, Corporal Co. A, appointed ist Lieut.

i32nd N. Y. Vols. Jan. 19, 1862; resigned April 18,

1863.
CHARLES W. BANCROFT, Private Co. L, appointed 2nd Lieut.

6th N. Y. Art. May 17 ; resigned Oct. 25, 1864.
EDWARD L. BARNES, Private Co. F, appointed ist Lieut, and

Adjutant 95th N. Y. Vols. Jan. 14 ; wounded at the

Battle of South Mountain ; resigned Dec. 17, 1862.
EDWARD H. BECKER, Private Co. F, appointed ist Lieut. 7th

* It has been found impossible to trace to what organization forty-nine members
were promoted to, the \var-reginiental books, and papers, having been all lost, also,
most of those of the companies.

1864 PROMOTED FROM. 361

N. Y. Vols. April 26; Captain, Aug. 27, 1861 ; killed at

the Battle of Frederickburg, Dec. 13, 1862.
MATTHEW BELL, Private Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut. 7th N. Y.

Art. Aug. 19, 1862; ist Lieut., Feb. 29; died at Fort

Reno, D. C., April 12, 1864.
LEONARD W. BENHAM, Sergeant Co. D, appointed ist Lieut.

79th U. S. Col. Troops - - ; transferred to 82nd U. S.

C. T. as Adjutant April 29, 1863 ; resigned June 9, 1864;

appointed ist Lieut. 2nd U. S. Vet. Res. Corps - — ,

1864; resigned Feb. 28, 1866.
PETER R. BIE(;EL, Private Co. K, appointed 2nd Lieut. i4th

N. Y. Cav. March 14, 1862 ; missing April — , 1863 ; sup
posed killed.
WILLIAM BLACK, Sergeant Co. I, appointed 2nd Lieut. Co.'

G. 97th N. Y. Yols. Aug. 6, 1864 ; honorably discharged

June 28, 1865.
HENRY BREVOORT, Private Co. G, appointed 2nd Lieut.

4th Mo. Cav. Sept. — , 186% ; ist Lieut, Jan. 9, 1862;

staff officer to Gen. P. J. Qsterhaus ; resigned July 22,

1863.
GEORGE J. BREWER, Private Co. H, appointed 2nd Lieut.

ist Maine Art. Jan. — , 1862 ; resigned Jan. 13, 1865.
CHARLES H. H. BROOM, Private Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut.

57th N. Y. Yols. Sept. 4, 1861 ; ist Lieut, and Quarter
master, Aug. 30, 1862 ; mustered out Dec. 2, 1864.
GEORGE W. BROWN, Private Co. K, appointed 2nd Lieut. 57th

N. Y. Vols. Jan. 23 ; resigned June 14, 1862.
WARD BUNTING, Sergeant Co. K, appointed 2nd Lieut.

1 6th West Va. Vols. Sept. 16, 1862; mustered out June
10, 1863.
CHARLES A. BURT, Corporal Co. E, appointed Captain 9ist

N. Y. Vols. Oct. 1 6, 1 86 1 ; Major, i59th N. Y. Vols.

Dec. 31, 1862 ; Lieut.-Colonel, May 21, 1863 ; honorably

discharged Jan. 7, 1864.

HENRY A. CHADEAYNE, Private Co. E, appointed 2nd
Lieut. 6th N. Y. Art. Aug. 28, 1862 ; resigned March
31, 1863.

362 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

GEORGE A. CHESTER, Corporal Co. A, appointed ist Lieut.
68th N. Y. Vols. Oct. 17, 1862 ; Captain, Jan. 16 ; resigned
May 1 6, 1863.

PETER J. CLAASSEN, Captain Co. I, appointed Colonel and
Inspector-General N. Y. Vols. June iith; Colonel I32nd
N. Y. Vols. Sept. 10 ; wounded on the march in North
Carolina Oct. — ,1862; Brevet Brig.-General U. S. Vols.
Feb. i, 1864, "for gallant and meritorious services";
commanded ist Brig. 2nd Div. 23d Army Corps ; mustered
out June 29, 1865.

SEPTIMUS COBB, Private Co. B, appointed 2nd Lieut. 42nd
N. Y. Vols. Feb. 10 ; First Lieut., Oct. 29, 1862 ; resigned
Jan. 25, 1863 ; appointed ist Lieut. 3d U. S. Vet. Vols.
-; resigned Nov. 21, 1864.

JOHN H. COCHRANE, Private Co. L, directed to report to Major
George L. Stearns, A. A. G., U. S. Yols. by Order, No. 271,
A. G. O. June 19, 1863; appointed Captain Co. B. loist
U. S. Col. Troops Ma)* i ; Major, Nov. i, 1864; Brevet
Colonel U. S. Vols. March 13, 1865, "for faithful and
meritorious services "; on staff of Brig.-Gen. Clinton B.
Fisk, — ; mustered out Feb. 8, 1866.

JOHN E. COLVILLE, Sergeant Co. E, appointed 2nd Lieut,
gist N. Y. Vols. Dec. 10, 1861 ; ist Lieut., Dec. 27, 1862 ;
Captain, March 17, 1863 ; resigned Jan. 5, 1864. Brevet
Major N. Y. Vols.

NATHANIEL A. CONKLIN, Private Co. E, appointed 2nd Lieut,
i 73d N. Y. Vols. Nov. 15, 1862 ; ist Lieut., Oct. 21 ; Cap
tain, Dec. 3, 1863; resigned Aug. 7, 1865. Brevet Lieut.-
Colonel N. Y. Vols.

ROBERT COTTIER, Lieut. Co. D, appointed Lieut.-Colonel ii6th
N. Y. Vols. Aug. 19, 1862 ; honorably discharged March
27, 1863.

GEORGE W. Cox, Corporal Co. A, appointed - - 8th U. S.
Col. Art. - - ; Captain, Sept. 19, 1865 ; mustered out

Feb. 10, 1866.

HENRY GUSHING, Sergeant Co. F, appointed Asst. Paymaster

1864 PROMOTED FROM. 363

U. S. Navy July — , 1862 ; served on U. S. S. Hunchback,

FREDERICK B. DAILEY, Private Co. L, appointed ist Lieut. i6th
West Va. Vols. Nov. 18, 1862 ; mustered out June 10,
1863.

JOSEPH 13. DAVIS, Sergeant Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut. 97th
N. Y. Vols. Feb. 25 ; mustered out July 18, 1865.

FREDERICK S. S. DE-GRAW, Private Co. K, appointed 2nd
Lieut. loth U. S. Vet. Res. Corps, Dec. 19, 1863; Brevet
Captain U. S. Vols. Nov. 10, 1865 ; honorably discharged
June 30, 1866.

HARVEY B. DENISON, Private Co. G, appointed ist Lieut.
1 2 7th N. Y. Vols. Sept. i, 1862 ; honorably discharged
March 31, 1864.

DABXEY W. Dices, Corporal Co. C, appointed ist Lieut. 53rd
N. Y. Vols. May 31; Captain Co. E, July 7 ; transferred
to i 32nd N. Y. Vols. Sept. 16, 1862 ; discharged by pro
motion Jan. 10, 1863. See Field and Staff officers, 83rcl
N. Y. Vols., 9th N. Y. S. M.

J. CLEMENT DISOSWAY, Corporal Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut.
5th N. Y. Art. Oct. 27, 1862 ; ist Lieut., Oct. 31, 1864;
Captain, 'March 14; mustered out July 19, 1865.

STEWART J. DONNELLY, Private Co. B, appointed 2nd Lieut.
Co. K 1 3th N. Y. Art. Sept.— ,1863 ; ist Lieut, Feb. 18 ;
Captain, Dec. 3, 1864; mustered out June 27, 1865.

EDWIN DUNN, Private J Co. C; appointed ist Lieut, and Com
missary 25th N. Y. Cav. Dec. 2, 1864; mustered out June
27, 1865.

WASHINGTON DURBROW, Private Co. D, appointed 2nd Lieut.
40th N. Y. Vols. Nov. 14, 1862; ist Lieut., Sept. 4; Cap
tain, Nov. 13, 1863 ; honorably discharged March 24, 1865.

OSCAR W. EASTMOND, Private Co. D, appointed 2nd Lieut,
ist. N. Y. Marine Artillery March 18, 1862 ; honorably
discharged March 31, 1863.

GEORGE H. EDDY, Private Co. D, appointed ist Lieut. 62nd
N. Y. Vols. Auo-. 31, 1861 ; Captain, Nov. 17, 1862 ; mus
tered out Aug. 30, 1865.

364 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

CLARENCE EWEN, Private Co. F, appointed Asst. Surgeon

53d N. Y. Vols. Sept. 8; mustered out Sept. 13, 1862;

appointed Asst. Surgeon i82nd N. Y. Yols. Dec. 11,

1862 ; resigned Oct. 27, 1863 ; appointed Asst. Surgeon

2Qth U. S. Col. Troops Nov. 2 1864; mustered out Nov.

6, 1865 ; appointed Asst. Surgeon U. S. A. Nov. 16, 1868 ;

Captain, Dec. 23, 1869 ; now in service.
' EDWARD T. FISHER, Private Co. D, appointed 2nd Lieut.

i39th N. Y. Vols. April 28; resigned Nov. 3, 1863.
FRENCH W. FISHER, Private Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut. 49th

N. Y. Vols. Sept. 7, 1863; ist Lieut., Sept. 30, 1864;

mustered out June 27, 1865. Brevet Captain N. Y. Vols.
JOHN L. GARDINER, Private Co. D, appointed 2nd Lieut. 12 7th

N. Y. Vols. Aug 30 ; resigned Dec. 26, 1862.
CHARLES H. GESNER, Private Co. D, appointed 2nd Lieut.

40th N. Y. Vols. Nov. 4, 1861 ; ist Lieut., July 18 ;

wounded at the battle of Fair Oaks; resigned Nov. 24,

1862.
WILLIAM GIBSON, Jr., Corporal Co. H, appointed 2nd Lieut.

iith N. Y. Cav. Nov. 21, 1861 ; resigned Aug. 31, 1862.
CHARLES GOODWIN, Jr., Private Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut.

1 82nd N. Y. Vols. Feb. 12, 1863 ; ist Lfeut, Oct 31,

1864 ; Captain, May 17 ; mustered out July 15,1865.
JOSEPH O. C. GRALEY, Private Co. G, appointed 2nd Lieut.

Troop K 1 4th N. Y. Cav. June 20, 1863 ; ist Lieut, July

27,1864; transferred to Troop D i8th N. Y. Cav. June

12,1865 ; mustered out May 31, 1866.
JOHN E. GREEN, Corporal Co. C, appointed ist Lieut. 96th

N. Y. Vols. Dec. 10, 1861 ; Captain, Feb. 28; honorably

discharged April 24, 1863.
THOMAS B. GREEN, Private Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut. i32nd

N. Y. Vols. Aug. 15, 1862 ; ist Lieut., Jan. 20; Captain,

Sept. 14, 1863 ; mustered out June 29, 1865. Brevet Lieut-

Colonel N. Y. Vols.
JASPER M. GRIGGS, Private Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut. iO4th

N. Y. Vols. Feb. 21, 1863 ; Captain, July 8, 1864 ; mustered

out July i 7, 1865.

1864 PKOMOTK1) FROM. 365

JOHN \V. HA(;C,ERTY, Private Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut. i62nd
N. Y. Vols. Feb. 5 ; ist Lieut., Aug. 10 ; resigned Nov. 17,
1863.

JOSHUA C. HALL, Private Co. C, appointed ist Lieut. iiQth
N. Y. Vols. Aug. 5, 1862 ; Captain, Jan. 16, 1863 ; honor
ably discharged July 17,1864.

WALTKR T. HALL, Private Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut. i65th
N. Y. Vols. May 27, 1863 ; ist Lieut., Oct. 31, 1864; mus
tered out Sept. i, 1865. Brevet Captain N. Y. Vols.

THOMAS S. HAM LIN, Sergeant N. C. Staff, appointed ist
Lieut. 38th N. Y. Vols. Aug. 3, 1861 ; honorably dis
charged Sept. i, 1862.

THOMAS L. H ANNA, Corporal Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut. 5 ist
U. S. Col. Troops April 8, 1864; ist Lieut., Aug. 18; Ord
nance Officer on the staff of Brig.-Gen. A. Watson Web
ber Dec. 31, 1865 ; Asst. Inspector-General on the staff
of Maj.-Gen. A. J. Smith Jan. 13; recommended for com
mission in U. S. Army ; mustered out June 16, 1866.

CHARLES H. HKATH, Private Co. A, appointed 2nd Lieut, goih
U. S. Col. Troops- — ; ist Lieut. Oct. 2, 1863 ; mus
tered out July 28, 1864.

WILLIAM L. HEERMANCE, Private Co. F, appointed ist Lieut.
Troop M 6th N. Y. Cav., " Second Ira Harris Guard,"
.Oct. 17, 1 86 1 ; Captain Troop C Oct. 16, 1862; wounded,
and prisoner, at the Battle of Chancellorsville ; wounded
at Boonsboro, Md., and Front Royal, Va. ; mustered out
Oct. 21, 1864. Brevet Lieut.-Colonel U. S. and N. Y.
Vols.

JOHN HEMURICKSOX, Colonel 83rd N. Y. Vols. Qth N. Y. S. M.,
appointed Colonel I3th U. S. Vet. Res. Corps Sept 29th,
1863 ; on duty at Wenham, Mass., by order of Secretary of
War, subsequently in command of Draft Rendezvous at
Gallop's Island, Boston, Mass.; Brevet Brig.-General U.
S. Vols. March 13, 1865. "for gallant and meritorious
services"; mustered out June 30, 1866. Appointed Lieut.-
Colonel 44th U. S. Inf. July 28, 1866, declined.

DAVID HEXRIHUKS, Piivate Co. D, appointed ist Lieut. 6 ist

366 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

N. Y. Vols. Aug. 27, 1 86 1 ; Captain, Jan. 16; resigned
May i, 1862.

WILLIAM H. HENRIQUES, Private Co. C , appointed ist Lieut,
and Adjutant 4th N. Y. Vols. April 25, 1861 ; Captain,
June 5 ; honorably discharged June 22, 1862.

GEORGE H. HODGES, Private Co. E, appointed ist Lieut. i8/th
N. Y. Vols. Oct. 10, 1864; Captain, March 17; honorably
discharged May 15, 1865.

JAMES M. HOLDEX, Private Co. G, appointed Captain 82nd
U. S. Col. Troops - — ; resigned Jan. 25, 1864.

JOSEPH H. HOLMES, Private Co. E, . appointed 2nd Lieut. 3rd
N. J. C:iv. M ly 18; mustered out Aug. i, 1865.

JOSEPH C. HOPPER, Private Co. E, appointed ist Lieut. I3th
N. Y. Art. Aug. 12, 1863 ; wounded at Suffolk, Va.; trans
ferred to the 6th N. Y. Art. June 27 ; mustered out Aug.
24, 1865.

W. STORER HOWE, Private Co. E, appointed Captain ist Dist.
of Columbia Cav. March 15; transferred to the ist Maine
Cav. Aug. 27, 1864 ; mustered- out Aug. i, 1865.

JAMES H. HOVT, Private Co. G, appointed ist Lieut. 68th N.
Y. Vols. Oct. 15, 1862 ; Captain, Feb. 11; honorably dis
charged April 1 8, 1863.

WILSON HUBBELL, Sergeant N. C. Staff, appointed Captain
62nd N. Y. Vols. Aug. 31, 1861 ; Major, July 3, 1862 ;
killed at the Battle of Cold Harbor June 3, 1864.

HIRAM L. HUNT, Private Co. E, appointed 2nd Lieut. Co. H.
9th U. S. Vet. Res. Corps April 30, 1864 ; on staff of
Gen. C. C. Auger ; Brevet Captain U. S. Vols. March 13,
1865 ; honorably discharged Jan. i, 1868.

*GEORGE A. HUSSEV, Private Co. I, appointed ist Lieut, and
Adjutant ic>3rd N. Y. Vols. Dec. 31, 1862; wounded at
the Siege of Suffolk, Va., May 3; Captain, June 22; honora
bly discharged Nov. 18, 1863.

* Re-entered the army, Co. A i6sth N. Y. Vols. May 6, 1864; honorably dis
charged Sept. i, 1865.

WILLIAM R. HYSLOP, Private Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut.

1864 PROMOTED FROM. 367

32nd N. Y. Vols. May 31, 1861 ; ist Lieut, Dec. 19,
1862 ; Captain Feb. 23 ; mustered out June 9, 1863.

RICHMOND \V. JAFFRAY, Private Co. D, appointed 2nd Lieut.
6th N. Y. Art. April i ; resigned Dec. 30, 1863.

JAMKS A. JOHNSTON, Corporal Co. D, appointed Captain /5th
Ohio Yols. Oct. 5, 1 86 1 ; died of disease Sept. 8, 1862.

FRANK J. JONFS, Private Co. K, appointed ist Lieut, ist
Conn. Art. March 13, 1862 ; resigned July i /, 1863.

JOHN J. JONFS, Private Co. C, appointed ist Lieut. 3<d N. J.
Vols. May 27 ; resigned Nov. 10, 1861.

JOHN J. KFI.LV, Sergeant Co. L, appointed 2nd Lieut. 97th
N. Y. Vols. June 18, 1864; Captain, March 14; resigned
June 13, 1865.

WILLIAM II. KIRIJY, Lieutenant Co. A, appointed Paymaster's
Clerk U. S. Navy — rank of Midshipman — ; served on
U. S. S. Cayuga from Sept. — , 1863, to Sept. — , 1864.'

LEWIS A. KOIILV, Sergeant Co. D, appointed 2nd Lieut. 3d
N. Y. Vols. Oct. 29, 1861 ; ist Lieut., Jan. 3; Captain,
July 21, 1862; resigned Nov. 16, 1863.

EDWIN F. LAMB, Private Co. D, appointed ist Lieut. 8th N.
J. Vols. June 15; resigned July 17, 1865.

J. WOODRUFF LEWIS, Private Co. D, appointed ist Lieut.
iO2iul N. Y. Vols. Dec. 13, 1861 ; Captain, June 3, 1862 ;
resigned Jan. 18; recommissionecl Aug. 13. 1863; honor
ably discharged July 12, 1864. Brevet Major N. Y. Vols.

CHARLES R. LINCOLN, Private Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut.
34th N. Y. Battery Feb. 21; resigned May 31, 1864.

ISAAC P. LOCKMAN, ist Lieut. Co. H, appointed Captain Co.
K 1 1 Qth N. Y. Vols. Aug. 30, 1862; Major, May 25;
Lieut.-Colonel July 20, 1864 ; mustered out June 7, 1865.

JOHN T. LOCKMAN, Captain Co. H, appointed Lieut.-Colonel
iigth N. Y. Vols. Aug. 13, 1862 ; Colonel. June 19, 1863 ;
wounded, and prisoner, at the Battle of Gettysburg ; com
manded 2nd Brig. 2nd Div. 2oth Army Corps ; Brevet
Brig.-General U. S. Vols. March 13, "for gallant and meri
torious services "; mustered out June 7, 1865.

TIMOTHY LUIJY, Private Co. I), appointed 2nd Lieut. I5th N.

368 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

Y. Engineers, June 25 ; ist Lieut, Oct. 24, 1861 ; Captain,

March 5 ; mustered out June 25, 1863 ; appointed Major,

April 29 ; mustered out July 2, 1865. Brevet Colonel N.

Y. Vols.
T. NELSON MARCOTTE, Sergeant Co. L, appointed 2nd Lieut.

4th N. Y. Art. July 4, 1863 ; honorably discharged July

6, 1864.
GERARD L. McKfiNZiE, Private Co. E, appointed ist Lieut.

96th N. Y. Vols. Feb. 26; Captain, Oct. 13 ; Lieut-Colonel,

Dec. 26, 1862 ; resigned March 20, 1863.
AUGUSTUS W. MEADE, Corporal Co. L, appointed ist Lieut

Co. A 97th N. Y. Vols. Dec. 29, 1864 ; mustered out July

1 8, 1865.
EDWARD S. MILLS, Private Co. H, appointed Captain 1541!!

N. Y. Vols\ Sept. 15, 1862 ; resigned April 7, 1863.
E. WILLIAM MONTEATH, Private Co. H, appointed 2nd Lieut.

i 77th N. Y. Vols. May 27 ; mustered out Sept. 10, 1863.
BANKSON T. MORGAN, Corporal Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut.

Co. C 2nd U. S. Sharpshooters, "Berdans," Oct.; — , 1861 ;

ist Lieut., Jan. — , 1862 ; Lieut-Colonel 54th N. Y. Vols.

Sept 29, 1863 ; on staff of Generals John P. Hatch and

John G. Foster; Brevet Brig.-General U. S. Vols. March

13, 1865 ; mustered out May 21, 1866.
SYLVESTER R. MORGAN, Private Co. K, appointed 2nd Lieut

8th N. Y. Battery July 20, 1862 ; ist Lieut., Dec. 17, 1863;

mustered cut June 30, 1865.

JOSEPH J. MORRISON, Captain Co. A, appointed Captain Bat
tery B 3d N. Y. Art. Jan. 17, 1862; resigned May 5,

1863 ; appointed Colonel i6th N. Y. Art Feb. 2, 1864;

Brevet Brig.-General U. S. Vols. March 13; mustered out

Aug. 21, 1865.
FREDERICK MUNCKE, ist Lieut. Co. B, appointed ist Lieut

64th N. Y. Vols., Jan. i ; mustered out July 14, 1865.
JACOB F. MUNSON, 2nd Lieut. Co. C ; appointed 2nd Lieut

8th U. S. Vet. Vols. Dec. 31, 1864; Brevet Captain U.

S. Vols. March 13, 1865; mustered out Feb. 15 ; appointed

1864 PROMOTE! > FROM. 369

2nd Lieut. 6th U. S. Inf. May n; ist Lieut., Oct. 31,
1866 ; Captain, Dec. 15, 1880; still in service.

HENRY O'CONNOR, Private Co. H, appointed 2nd Lieut. 1330!
N. Y. Vols. Dec. 18, 1862 ; honorably discharged Dec. 8,.
1863.

JAMES O'CONNOR, Private Co. H, appointed 2nd Lieut. 13151
N. Y. Vols. Nov. ;, 1862 ; ist Lieut., Nov. 4, 1863 ; mus
tered out July 26, 1865.

JAMES W. PARKS, Private Co. G, appointed ist Lieut, ist U.
S. Vet. Res. Corps Sept. 21, 1863; honorably discharged
June 19, 1866.

GEORGE M. PEALE, Private Co. E, appointed Hospital Stew-
arc! U. S. A. Feb. 1 6 ; ist Lieut, and Asst. Surgeon 6th
U. S. Col. Art. Dec. 21, 1863 ; mustered out May 13, 1866.

EUGENE PICKETT, Captain Co. A, appointed Captain 22nd U.
S. Vet. Res. Corps March 18, 1864 ; mustered out July i,
1865.

CHARLES E. PRESCOTT, Captain Co. C, appointed Lieut-Col
onel 1 32nd N. Y. Vols. Sept. 9 ; resigned Dec. 12, 1862.

WILLIAM PRINCE, Private Co. E, appointed ist Lieut. i59th
N. Y. Vols. Dec. 26th 1863 ; 2nd Lieut. Ordnance Dept.
U. S. A. Jan. 19, 1864; Brevet Captain U. S. A. March 31,
1865; ist Lieut., April 6, 1866; Captain, June 23, 1874;
died at Washington, Dec. 18, 1880.

JOHN T. PRVER, Private Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut. 82nd N.
Y. Vols., " 2nd N. Y. S. M.," Eeb. 7 ; wounded at the Bat
tle of Antietam .; honorably discharged Nov. 24, 1862.

*HARRY ROCKAFELLER, Private Co. D, appointed Captain i4th
U. S. Vet. Res. Corps, — , 1863; transferred to the 2ist
U. S. Vet. Res. Corps Sept. — , 1864 ; Brevet Lieut.-Col-
onel U. S. Vols. March 13 ; resigned Aug. 15, 1865.

* Transferred toCo. F 7ist N. V. S. M. April 20, 1861; wounded, " arm amputated,"
and prisoner at the Battle of Bull Run, 1861 ; on duty with 9th N. Y. S. M. at the Bat
tles of South Mountain and Antietam. Elected Captain 4th N. G., S. N. Y. Jan. — ;
Major, 7 ist N. G.. S. N. Y. Sept, 3, 1866 ; Lieut.-Colonel, May 30, 1867 ; Colonel, Nov.
I, 1869; resigned Sept. 9, 1872.

37° THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

ALFRED C. ROE, Chaplain 830! N. Y. Vols., " 9th N. Y. S. M ";

transferred to iO4th N. Y. Vols. June 7, 1864; mustered

out July i 7, 1865.
^WASHINGTON A. ROEBLING, 2nd Lieut. Co. K, on staff duty,

engaged in erecting suspension bridges, May — , 1862 ;

Major and A. D. C., U. S. Vols. April 20, 1864; on staff

Gen. G. K. Warren ; resigned Jan. 21, 1865. Brevet Colo

nel U. S. Vols. March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritor

ious services."

* Colonel Roebling \vas chief engineer in the construction of the New York and
Brooklyn bridge — the greatest suspension bridge in the world.

SMITH C. ROOF, Private Co. A, appointed 2nd Lieut.

N. Y. Vols. Sept. 22, 1862; Captain, Feb. 23, 1864;
mustered out June 30, 1865.

•(•ALLAN RUTHERFORD, Lieut.-Colonel 83d N. Y. Vols., " gth
N. Y. S. M.," appointed Lieut.-Colonel 22nd U. S. Vet.
Res. Corps Dec. 4, 1863 ; present at the engagement at
Silver Springs, Md., July 12, 1864; mustered out Jan. 7,
1867; appointed ist Lieut. 44th U. S. Inf. Nov. 30,
1866; Captain, March 20, 1867. Brevet Brig.-General U.
S. A. March 3, 1869, "for distinguished gallantry and
services"; resigned May I, 1870.

t Appointed Third Auditor U. S. Treasury May i, 1870; res'igned Jan. 14, 1876.

ROBERT G. RUTHERFORD, Captain Co. G, appointed' Captain
Co. C. 6th U. S. Vet. Res. Corps Sept. n, 1863;
Officer of the Guard at the " Old Capitol " Prison ;
present at the attack upon Fort Stevens by Gen. Early,
1864; Brevet Lieut.-Colonel U. S. Vols. March 13, "for
gallant and meritorious services "; transferred to the 22nd
U. S. Vet. Res. Corps July 22, 1865 ; mustered out
April 30, 1867; appointed 2nd Lieut. 45th U. S. Inf.
March 7, 1867; transferred to the i2th U. S. Inf. Aug.
30, 1870; ist Lieut. May 24, 1873; retired June 28,
1878.

TREADWELL SEAMAN, Private Co. G, appointed 2nd Lieut. Co.
E 2nd U. S. Colored Troops March 5, 1863; ist Lieut.

1864 PROMOTED FROM. 37!

Co. K /gth U. S. Colored Troops March 12 ; resigned

June 15, 1864.
DAVID C. SELHEIMER, Private Co. D, appointed ist Lieut. 46th

Penn. Vols. - -; died Sept. 21, of wounds received

at the Battle of Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 19, 1864.
ISAAC SEYMOUR, Jr., Sergeant Co. D, appointed 2nd Lieut.

2nd N. Y. Cav. Oct. 15, 1861 ; ist Lieut., Oct. 14, 1862;

on staff of Gen. Geo. \V. Morrell ; resigned Sept. 19,

1863.
W. C. H. SHERMAN, Private Co. C, appointed Major and

Aid-de-Camp U. S. Yols. - -, 1861 ; - -.
WILLIAM SIMPSON, Private Co. E, appointed ist Lieut. i6th

U. S. Col. Troops- — , 1863; on staff Gen. N. P.

Banks; honorably discharged Sept. 21, 1864.
J. KEARNV SMITH, Private Co. C, appointed ist Lieut, and

Adjutant 2/th N. J. Vols. Oct. 9; Captain, Nov. 11;

resigned Dec. 22, 1862.
WILLIAM H. B. SMITH, Private Co. C, appointed ist Lieut.

ist Mass. Vols. - -; killed at the Battle of Black
burn's Ford, Va., July 18, 1861.
AViLLiAM McC. SMITH, Private Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut.

132110! N. Y. Vols. Aug. 18, 1862 ; resigned Jan. 9,

1863.
CHESTER H. SOUTHWORTH, Private Co. L, appointed ist Lieut.

iigth N. Y. Vols. Sept. 8, 1862; Captain, Feb. 17;

Major, July 30, 1864; mustered out June 7, 1865.
JAMES M. STAPLES, Private Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut. 3d

N. Y. Art. June 19, 1864 ; ist Lieut., Feb. 20 ; honorably

discharged May 27, 1865.
CHARLES STEELHAMMER, Private Co. B, appointed Hospital

Steward U. S. A. May 12, 1862; honorably discharged

Sept. 6, 1864; appointed 2nd Lieut, and ist Lieut. 1 7th

U. S. Inf. Sept. 2, 1864 ; transferred to 35th U. S. Inf.

Sept. 21 ; Captain, Nov. i, 1866 ; transferred to I5th U.

S. Inf. Aug, 12,1869; retired Oct. 31, 1884.
IRA W. STEWARD, Corporal Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut. 28th

THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

N. Y. Battery Nov. 29, 1862 ; ist Lieut., March i, 1863 ;
mustered out July 31, 1865.

WILLIAM S. STRYKER, 2nd Lieut. Co. I), appointed ist Lieut.
Signal Corps U. S. A. March — , 1863 ; Brevet Captain
U. S. Vols. Dec. — , 1864 ; honorably discharged Sept.
-, 1865.

THOMAS H. SWENARTON, Private Co. G, appointed Captain 22nd
N. J. Vols. Oct. 22, 1862 ; resigned April 24, 1863.

ALEXANDER H. M. TAYLOR, Private Co. B, appointed Sergeant
General Service U. S. A. Sept. 10, 1862 ; honorably
discharged April 30, 1863 ; re-appointed March 5 ; honor
ably discharged March 31, 1864 ; appointed 2nd Lieut,
i 7th U. S. Inf. March 16, 1866 ; ist Lieut., Sept. i, 1867 ;
honorably discharged Dec. i, 1870; appointed Hospi
tal Steward U. S. A. May 24, 1872 ; 2nd Lieut, igth,
U. S. Inf. Oct. i, 1873 : ist Lieut., Nov. 24, 1879 ; now
in service.

WILLIAM H. TERWILLIGER, ist. Lieut. Co. G, appointed ist.
Lieut. 63rd. N. Y. Vols, June 20; Captain, Nov. 15, 1864;
mustered out June 30, 1865. Brevet Colonel N. Y. Vols.

JOHN T. TOAL, Private Co. A, appointed 2nd Lieut. 69th N. Y.
Vols. Oct. 14, 1861 ; ist Lieut., Oct. 14; Adjutant, Nov.
30, 1862; wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ;
Captain, Jan. 22 ; honorably discharged April 16, 1863.

EUGENE L. TOWNSEND, Sergeant N. C. Staff, appointed 2nd
Lieut. 7 ist N. Y. Vols. Aucj. 28, 1862 ; ist Lieut., Feb.

/ o

3; honorably discharged Sept. i, 1863; appointed ist Lieut.
9th U. S. Vet. Res. Corps - — , 1864 ; honorably dis
charged Dec. i, 1865. Brevet Captain U . S. Vols. Dec.

2, 1865.

FRANK W. TRYON, Sergeant Co. C, appointed 2nd Lieut. 5 ist
N. Y. Vols. Oct. 1 8, 1 86 1 ; wounded at the Battle of New
Berne, N. C., March 14; ist Lieut., June 20, 1862 ; re
signed Dec. 6, 1863.

THEODORE W. VANDEGRIFT, Sergeant Co. G, appointed
ist Lieut. 2nd N. J. Cav. Aug. 15, 1863 ; Captain, Oct.
16, 1864; mustered out Nov. i, 1865.

1864 PROMOTED FROM. 373

WILLIAM E. VAX NAME, Private Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut.
4th N. Y. Art. Jan. 9;on staff of Gen. A. W. Whipple ; ist
Lieut., Sept. 19, 1862 ; honorably discharged March 5,

1863.

•

ROSWELL L. VAX WAGGENEN, Corporal Co. C, appointed 2nd

Lieut. 95th N. Y. Yols. March 31 ; resigned June 3,

1862.
JOHX H. VAX WYCK, Private Co. F, appointed 2nd Lieut.

i62nd N. Y. Yols. Jan. 6 ; ist Lieut, March 6, 1863 ;

Captain, April 9 ; mustered out Nov. 26, 1864.
CHARLES G. WARD, Corporal Co. C, appointed ist Lieut, and

Adjutant 24th Mass. Yols. - - , killed at the Battle of

Drury's Bluff, Va., May 16, 1864.
WILLIAM H. WEBSTER, Private Co. C, appointed ist Lieut.

8th N. Y. Cav. Nov. 27, 1861 ; honorably discharged Aug.

24th, 1863.
CALEB D. WEEKS, Private Co. F, appointed Captain i32nd

N. Y. Vols. Sept. 6, 1862 ; honorably discharged Sept. i,

1863.
WILLIAM WELSH, Private Co. A, appointed 2nd Lieut. 68th

N. Y. Vols. Dec. 25, 1862; ist Lieut., May 29, 1863;

honorably discharged Dec. 14, 1864.
GEORGE H. WHEATON, ist Lieut. Co. I, appointed Captain

1 3 ist N. Y. Vols. Aug. 9, 1862 ; mustered out July 26,

1865.
ERASTUS WHEELOCK, Private Co. D ; appointed 2nd Lieut.

1 4th N. Y. Art. Jan. 9 ; resigned April 23, 1864.
ALASCO C. WHITE, Private Co. G, appointed 2nd Lieut. 39th

N. J. Vols. Oct. 3, 1864 ; mustered out July 17, 1865.
FRANK. J. WHITE, Private Co. F, appointed Captain loth

N. Y. Vols. April 26 ; resigned Oct. 11, 1861 ; appointed

Major 2nd U. S. Col. Cav. - — , 1863 ; Lieut-Colonel,

June 30, 1865 ; honorably discharged March 13, 1866.

Brevet Brig.-General U. S. Vols.
FRANK WILLIAMS, Private Co. C, appointed ist Lieut 4th

N. Y. Art. Jan. 14; Captain, May 27, 1862; Major, Jan.

374 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

19, 1864 ; mustered out Jan. 31 1865. Brevet Lieut-
Colonel U. S. Vols.

JOHN B. WINSLOW, Sergeant Co. K, appointed Captain and
Asst. Quartermaster- U. S. Vols. April 14, 1862 ; honor
ably discharged Jan. 8, 1867.

ADDIS E. WOODHULL, Private Co. C, appointed Captain 96th
N. Y. Vols. Feb. 13, Lieut.-Colonel, Sept. 25 ; resigned
Dec. 2, 1862.

The following is a partial list of those killed, died of
wounds or disease, and wounded :

Killed or died : EDWARD H. BECKER, MATTHEW BELL,
WILSON HUBBELL, JAMES A. JOHNSTON, DAVID C. SELHEIMER,
WM. H. B. SMITH, and CHAS. G. WARD; wounded, EDWARD
L. BARNES, PETER J. CLAASSEN, CIIAS. H. GESNER, WM. L.
HEERMANCE, JOSEPH C. HOPPER, GEO. A. HUSSEY, JOHN T.
LOCKMAN, JOHN T. PRYER, JOHN T. TOAL, and FRANK W.
TRYON.

The following list shows the various States, and organiza
tions, in which members of the NINTH served as com
missioned officers. Figures in brackets indicate the number who
so served, and where such figures do not occur, it is to be
understood that only one promotion was made :

Connecticut. — i s t Artillery.

District of Columbia. — ist Cavalry.

Maine. — ist Artillery, ist Cavalry.

Massachusetts. — Infantry, ist, 24th.

Missouri. — Cavalry, 4th.

New Jersey. — Cavalry, 2nd, 3rd. Infantry, 3d, 8th, 22nd,
27th, 39th.

New York. — Engineers, I5th (2). Artillery, 3d (2), 4th
(3), 5th, 6th (4), 7th, 1 3th (2), i4th, i6th. Marine Artillery,
ist. Batteries, 8th, 28th, 34th. Cavalry, 2nd, 6th, 8th, nth, i4th
(2), 1 8th, 25th. Infantry, 3d (2), 4th, 7th, loth, 32nd, 38th,
40th (2), 42nd, 49th, 5151, 530! (2), 54th, 57th (2), 6 ist, 62nd
(2), 63d, 64th, 68th (3), 6gth, 7 ist, 82nd, gist (2), 95th (2),
96th (3), 97th (4), io2iul, ic^d, io4th (2), n6th, 1

1864 PROMOTED FROM. 375

1 2;th (2,), i3ist (2), 1 3 2nd (6), 1331!, i39th, i54th.

i59th, i62nd (2), i64th, 165111, i68th, i 73d, i77th, i82nd (2),

i8/th. Sharpshooters, 2nd Berdans.

Ohio. — Infantry, 75th.

Pennsylvania. — Infantry, 46th.

West Virginia. — Infantry, i6th (2).

Regulars, U. S. A. — Ordnance (i). Infantry, 6th, i2th,
i5th, i 7 th (2), i gth, 35th, 44th, 45th. General staff (2).

U. S. Navy (2).

U. S. Veterans, Vols.—$&, 8th.

U. S. Veteran Reserve Corps. — Infantry, ist, 2nd, 6th, 9th
(2), loth, I3th, 1 4th, 2 ist, 22nd (3).

U. S. Colored Troops. — Artillery, 6th, 8th. Cavalry, 2nd.
Infantry, i6th, 29th, 5 ist, /9th, 82nd (2), 87th, QOth, loist.

THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

CHAPTER XX.

THE CLOSE OF THE WAR.

Official Correspondence Between Generals Grant and Lee. — Recollections of General
Mahone, C. S. A. — Official Figures of the Surrender. — The Dead of the NINTH in
National Cemeteries. — Army Songs and Poetry.

^HE operations of the Army of the Potomac, from the time
the NINTH left the field till the surrender of the Confed
erate Army at Appomattox, on the Qth of April, 1865, has been
written so often that it is not necessary to repeat it here. Sel
dom, however, in the general accounts, has the full official
correspondence between Generals Grant and Lee been given.
The following copies have been furnished by a staff officer
who vouches for their accuracy :

THE SURRENDER.

No. I.

April-], 1865.

GENERAL: — The result of the last week must convince you of the hopelessness of
further resistance on the part of the Army of Northern Virginia in this struggle. I feel
that it is so, and regard it as my duty to shift from myself the responsibility of any fur
ther effusion of blood, by asking of you the surrender of that portion of the Confeder
ate States Army, known as the Army of Northern Virginia.

U. S. GRANT,

L i 'em 'en a nt- Genera /.
General R. E. LEE.

No. II.

April-], 1865.

GENERAL : — I have received your note of this date. Though not entertaining the
opinion you express on the hopelessness of further resistance on the part of the Army
of Northern Virginia, I reciprocate your desire to avoid useless effusion of blood, and
therefore, before considering your proposition, ask the terms you will offer on condition
of its surrender.

R. E. LEE,

Genera!.
Lieutenant-General U. S. GRANT.

1864 CORRESPONDENCE AT THE SURRENDER. 377

No. III.

, 1865.

GENERAL : — Your note of last evening in reply to mine of same date, asking the
conditions on which I will accept the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, is
just received. In reply I would say, that peace being my great desire, there is but one
condition I would insist upon — namely, that the men and officers surrendered shall be
disqualified for taking up arms again against the Government of the United States
until properly exchanged. I will meet you, or will designate officers to meet any offi
cers you may name for the same purpose, at any point agreeable to you. for the pur
pose of arranging definitely the terms upon which the surrender of the Army of
Northern Virginia will be received.

U. S. GRANT,

Licit tena n 'I '-Genera/.
General R. E. LEE.

. • - No. IV.

Apn'1%, 1865.

GENERAL : — I received at a late hour your note of to-day. In mine of yesterday
I did not intend to propose the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, but to ask
the terms of your proposition. To be frank, I do not think the emergency has arisen
to call for the surrender of this army, but as the restoration of peace should be the sole
object of all, I desire to know whether your proposals would lead to that end. I
cannot, therefore, meet you with a view to surrender the Army of Northern Virginia,
but, as far as your proposals may effect the Confederate States forces under my com
mand, and tend to the restoration of peace, I should be pleased to meet you at 10
A. M. to-morrow on the old Stage road to Richmond, between the picket lines of the
two armies.

R. E. LEE,

General.
Lieutenant-General U. S. GRANT.

No. V.

April 9, 1865.

GENERAL : — Your note of yesterday is received. I have no authority to treat on the
subject of peace ; the meeting proposed for 10 A. M. to-day could lead to no good. I
will state, however, General, that I am equally anxious for peace with yourself, and
the whole North entertains the same feeling. The terms upon which peace can be
had are well understood. By the South laying down their arms they will hasten that
most desirable event, save thousands of human lives, and hundreds of millions of prop
erty not yet destroyed. Seriously hoping that all our difficulties may be settled with
out the loss of another life, I subscribe myself, etc.,

U. S. GRANT,

Lieutenant- General.
General R. E. LEE.

3/8 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

NO. VI.

April q, 1865.

GENERAL: — I received your note of this morning, on the picket line, whither I had
come to meet you, and ascertain definitely what terms were embraced in your pro
posal of yesterday, with reference to the surrender of this army. I now ask an inter
view in accordance with the offer contained in your letter of yesterday for that purpose.

R. E. LEE,

General.
Lieutenant-General U. S. GRANT.

No. VII.

April 9, 1865.
General R. E. LEE, Commanding C. S. A :

Your note of this date is but this moment, 11.50 A. M., received. In consequence
of my having passed from the Richmond and Lynchburg road to the Farmville and
Lynchburg road. I am, at this writing, about four miles west of Walker's Church,
and will push forward to the front for the purpose of meeting you.

Notice sent to me on this road where you wish the interview to take place will
meet me.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

U. S. GRANT,

Licntenant-Generah

NO. VIII.

APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSE, VA.,

April 9, 1865.

GENERAL : — In accordance with the substance of my letter to you of the 8th
instant, I propose to receive the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia on the
following terms — to wit : Rolls of all the officers and men to bs made in duplicate,
one copy to be given to an officer to be designated by me, the other to be retained by
such officer or officers as you may designate. The officers to give their individual
paroles not to take up arms against the Government of the United States until prop
erly exchanged ; and each company or regimental commander sign a like parole for
the men of their commands. The arms, artillery and public property to be parked
and stacked, and turned over to the officers appointed by me to receive them.

This will not embrace the side arms of the officers nor the private horses or bag
gage. This done, each officer and man will be allowed to return to his home, not to
be disturbed by United States authority so long as they observe their parole, and the
laws in force where they may reside.

U. S. GRANT,

L teutena nt- Genera I.
General R. E. LEE,

1864 GENERAL MAHONE'S ACCOUNT. 379

NO. IX.
HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,

April '9, 1865.

GENERAL : — I received your letter of this date, containing the terms of the surren
der of the Army of Northern Virginia, as proposed by you. As they are substantially
the same as those expressed in your letter of the 8th instant, they are accepted. I will
proceed to designate the proper officers to carry the stipulation into effect.

R. E. LEE,

General,
Lieutenant-General U. S. GRANT.

The following account of the surrender, published a short
time before the death of General Grant, is interesting :

Many of the men who took part in the last scene of the civil conflict at Appomattox
have passed away. On the Confederate side, Generals Mahone, Longstreet and Gor
don, of the survivors, have the most accurate personal information of the surrender of
General Lee on the 9th of April, 1865. The story has often been told, but it pos
sesses a peculiar interest now, when the principal actor in the great drama lies in the
shadow of death. In conversation with the Philadelphia Press correspondent, Senator
Mahone described the scene at Appomattox, and the events that led up to it, a history
abounding in incident and anecdote too voluminous ever to be exhausted. Speaking
from memory he said ;

The first week in April found General Lee's army encircling Richmond and
Petersburg, and practically surrounded by the Union forces. Our object was to
escape capture, and to retreat in such a manner that we could make a junction with
General Johnston's army in North Carolina. My division on the 2d of April was posted
at Chesterfield Points, facing the enemy. I was summoned to General Lee, and
instructed to fall back to Amelia Court House, protecting the rear of the Confederate
retreat. At Amelia Court House we expected to find full rations for the men, from
Richmond, but was disappointed. From the Court House our troops moved by differ
ent routes along the line of the Richm'ond and Danville Railroad until we came to
Sailor's Creek. The army moved up the creek, Lcngstreet's division in front, and
mine bringing up the rear. The enemy was in hot pursuit, and we were closely
pressed. At Rice's Station the Federals attacked us, and Longstreet engaged them.
I had been summoned to General Lee, and while we were talking General Venable rode
up. Turning to General Lee, he said :

" General, did you receive my message?"

" What message?" Lee inquired.

" I informed you, sir, that the enemy had captured our wagon train at Sailor's
Creek," was the response. General Lee instantly ordered me to move my division to
the creek, and as I rode off to execute the movement, he accompanied me. We soon
reached the scene of the engagement, and the sight that met our gaze, as from an
eminence we looked down upon the battle-field, made me sick at heart.

The Federal cavalry had completely routed our men, and were pursuing them in
every direction. Infantrymen had thrown away their arms and were fleeing for life.
Teamsters had cut the traces of their harness and were scampering away, leaving guns

So THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

and wagons behind. One single piece of artillery at a distance was occasionally
firing a shot without the slightest effect.

Taking in the scene at a glance, General Lee exclaimed : " My God, has this army
dissolved ?" There was that in his tone and manner which convinced me that the
end had come, and for a second I was too much shocked to speak. Then I told him
that the army had not dissolved, and that one command at least was ready to fight.
The general rode sadly away, and I posted my men, being fully satisfied that the
enemy would not fight any more that night, for it was then nearly dark. The day's
fighting had practically ended, and, after performing my duties, I rode down the field,
where I found Lee sitting on his horse with a Confederate flag in m's hand, surrounded
by a shouting mob of demoralized Confederate soldiers. I took the flag from him,
and the men were ordered to the rear under the command of General Anderson.

Our next move was to cross the Appomattox. I took my command to High Bridge,
three miles from Farmville, where there were two bridges, one the high railroad
bridge, and another an improvised wagon bridge. I met Generals Gordon and Ander
son near High Bridge, after moving my men over, and had a talk with them. They
believed that the defeat at Sailor's Creek had settled the fate of the Confederacy. I
agreed with them that our army was ruined. I told them that I thought the officer
next in command to General Lee should see him quickly and inform him that it was
the judgment of his officers that we were beaten. It was agreed that General Ander
son should go immediately to General Longstreet and have him tell Lee our views.
About two o'clock on the morning of the yth I left the conference and went over to the
river to look after my division. All that was known of Lee's movements was that he
would cross over to Farmville and unite with us not far from that place, and we would
continue the retreat toward Lynchburg. I made a reconnoissance of the roads in the
dark, and returned to High Bridge about daylight. The enemy's skirmish lines were
advancing toward the bridge, which, contrary to orders, had been burned.

A brigade was sent out to check the advance of the Federal skirmishers. 1 had
found a road leading to Cumberland Church, which joined the main road over which
Lee was expected to approach. I formed my division in line of battle, and received an
order from General Lee to hold the enemy back. General Miles commanded the
advance of the Union forces, and he attacked me, and we repulsed him ; but this tem
porary victory closed our short line of battle, and he maneuvered with his superior
force to turn our flank. I ran out a battery of artillery on the flank I saw he was en
deavoring to turn, •< nd in a short time he had captured our guns. Just then, fortu
nately, the advance of Lee's forces came up, and- a North Carolina division, containing
about a full regiment of men, charged the Federals and recaptured the guns.

Lee and Longstreet soon came up in force. During the afternoon General Miles
marched a brigade around our flank and got in my rear. While he was executing
that movement I marched two brigades in the rear of Miles' men and attacked them
savagely. We nearly annihilated the brigade, killing over 700 men in the action. In
the meantime Anderson had communicated with Longstreet, and, while 1 knew noth
ing of what had taken place, it was evident, from the actions of Longstreet and Lee,
that the former had broached the subject of surrender, and that the latter would not
entertain the proposition.

That night, while I was preparing to cover the retreat of our army, about 10 o'clock
I saw a ball of fire suspended over the headquarters of the Union forces, which meant
a tl;ig of truce. I obtained permission to receive the flag, and sent a detachment with

1864 ACCOUNT CONTINUED. 38 1

my provost marshal to meet the truce party. When the provost returned I was resting
myself in a negro cabin near the church.

" 1 have a letter for General Lee," he said.

" Yes, and I know what that means," was my answer. " It is a demand for the
surrender of the Confederate army."

I subsequently learned, from General Grant himself that this letter, demanding the
surrender, was written on the hotel porch in Farmville.

An odd incident happened at this time, continued General Mahone, and when you
hear it you may think 1 am very superstitious. On my march I always carried at the
head of my division an army wagon containing my personal supplies. This wagon
had been captured by the L'nion soldiers. 1 knew this, because some of my men re
ported that they had found letters belonging to me on the bodies of some of Miles'
troops killed that afternoon. After handing- me the letter to General Lee the provost
marshal said: "I have also something for you from General Miles."

" Stop !" I exclaimed. " I know what you have for me. 1 have a presentiment that
General Miles sent me my wife's daguerreotype, which was in my trunk, captured by
the Federal forces." The provost took from his pocket the daguerreotype and handed
it to me, with a letter from General Miles, stating the circumstances under which it
had been found. I sent my compliments to him for his civility, and about 1 1 o'clock
our army was in full retreat.

We marched all night and the next day until about 4 o'clock in the afternoon,
when we went into camp, three miles south of Appomattox Court House. Longstreet
and Gordon were in front, and my division and General Fields' division were drawn in
line of battle to cover the rear. At daylight we moved to Appomattox and them halted.
I received a message from Lee to come to the front. I found him just this side of the
Court House, with Longstreet and his staff, warming themselves by a fire. Lee
asked his staff to retire, and then he said that he had sent for me because he was in
trouble.

" Well, what is the matter now ?" I asked.

" I suppose you know that Grant has demanded our surrender," he replied.

" No, I do not know it, but I suspected it," was my answer.

" Well, he has demanded our surrender, and I want to know what you think about
it. We have only 8,000 muskets and two organized bodies — yours and Fields'.'

" I take your purpose, General Lee, to be to effect a junction with Johnston in West
North Carolina?"

" Yes, sir," said the general.

" In my judgment," said I, " this junction can only be formed in one of two ways —
first to cut through the enemy's lines and fight our way out, and that can only be done
at a great cost of life. If successful we will only have a mere remnant of the army left,
and that remnant cannot be recruited and equipped by a government in a wagon. I
cannot see how you could supply an army with munitions and rations. We have
another change to get to Lynchburg, but we will certainly be harassed every step of
the way, and when we get there we will be still further away from Johnston." I told
him that the time had come when I thought he was called upon to perform the high
est duty that could devolve upon an individual, to undergo a test of the highest degree
of manhood ; that the time had come when, in my jndgment, it was his duty to sur
render the army ; that I believed it would be a crime under the circumstances to sacri
fice the life of another man. I told him that if the terms offered by General Grant
were such as we were entitled to receive I should surrender immediately. If not, I

382 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

would fight it out here. He then handed me General Grant's letter containing the
proposed terms of surrender. I read it and told him that I thought the terms were as
honorable as could be asked by a defeated army. Lee turned questioningly to Long-
street, who simply said : " I agree with Mahone."

"What will the country say?" asked Lee.

" You are the country now," I answered. " Our people will approve." He said he
did not know where to find Grant. I told him to get 0:1 his horse and hunt him up.
He left Lonsgtreet in command of the army, and rode away in search of the Federal
commander, accompanied only by a courier. I went back to my division, which Fields
had put in line of battle, and told him what had occurred at the front.

To avoid another engagement we sent out a flag of truce. When the men formed
in line they began digging trenches and otherwise arranging for what they supposed
to be an impending battle. They were ordered to stop work. It was the first order
of the kind they had ever received under such circumstances. The soldiers seemed
to understand what it meant without knowing anything of the events of the past
twenty-four hours. As by instinct they realized that the war has come to an end.
Some of the men began to cry, other threw their arms in joy around the necks of their
comrades. Many of them broke their sword blades and threw away their bayonets.
I hastened out of sight of this affecting scene and rejoined General Lee at a little
stream near Appomattox Court House. Colonels Taylor and Stevens and several
other officers were with him. I had scarcely reached the General's side when I saw
a Union officer riding down the road from the Court House, accompanied by a
courier. He approached within 100 feet of General Lee, at the same time saluting
him, removing his hat, and took a note from his pocket, which Colonel Taylor received
and carried to General Lee He read the note and answered it, and the Union
officer rode back to the Federal headquarters. General Lee stood in the dirt road.
He took the note, tore it up in little pieces, and threw them upon the ground, and
with his heel stamped them under the dirt and out of sight. 1 mounted my horse
and rode away, and General Lee went to meet General Grant. That is all I saw of
the surrender.

General Andrew A. Humphreys, in The Virginia Cam
paign of 1864 and 1865, pages 399, 400, says :

" At about four o'clock the surrender of the Army of

Northern Virginia was announced to the Army of the Potomac.
* * * * * * *

" According to the records of the War Department, the
number of officers and enlisted men of the Army of Northern
Virginia paroled on the gth of April, 1865, was :

1864

NUMBER OI» CONFEDERATES AT THE SURRENDER.

OFFICERS.

ENLISTED
MEN.

AGGRE
GATE.

General Lee and Staff 15

I 5

Long street's Corps ' 1,521

I TL "U2

14 8w

Gordon's Corps ' 695

6,;o;

7.2OO

E well's Corps .... 19

268

287

Total Infantry 2,250

20,085

22,^s

Cavalry Corps 132

i 6c4.

1 786

Artillery Corps ' 192

2,^01

2,586

Total Infantry, Cavalry and Artillery ! 2,574
Detachments 288

24,133
1,361

26,707
1.64.0

Grand Total 2,862

2;, 4.04.

28,356

" It has been stated that of the troops surrendered, only
8,000 had arms.

"If, indeed, that is correct, then the greater part of those
men who had no arms must have thrown them away when they
found that they had to surrender.

" Ourcasualties in these closing operations from the 29th
of March to the Qth of April were 8,268 officers and enlisted
men killed and wounded, and 1,676 missing, making a total
loss of 9,944.

It will be of interest to many of the survivors, and to the
relatives and friends of the deceased, to know that the remains
of the members of the NINTH — the record of which follows—
do not occupy unknown graves. The list was furnished by
Colonel R. N, Batchelder, Deputy Quartermaster-General, U.
S. A., in charge of the National Cemeteries. A few additions

and a change in the numbers of graves, has been made by a
member of the regiment, who lately visited some of the
cemeteries.

384 THE NINTH NEW YORK/ June

IN MEMORIAM.

MEMBERS OF THE NINTH KILLED, DIED OF WOUNDS OR DISEASE,

AND BURIED IN THE UNITED STATES

NATIONAL CEMETERIES.

A Icxa n dria , Va.

Israel Amond,

Co. A.

Arthur Clark, Co.

Charles Downer,

" C.

Amable Farley, "

William B. Grant,

" G.

Isaac Heath, "

Louis Herpeck,

" G.

Frederick Kroll, "

Amos Myatt,

" H.

Frank Plankey, "

Charles Rubio,

" F.

Chas. F. Tarbox, "

* Hiram C. Thayer,

" A.

John Williams, "

Amasa Whittemore, Co. B.

A ndcrsonville, Ga.

Remson W. Babcock,

Co. L.

*M. Babst, Co.

*L. Black,

" A.

*J. Debras,

Paul Dedrich,

" G.

John Dougherty, "

*J. K. Grant,

14 D.

*R. Jaquays,

Thomas Keating,

11 L.

*A.- Lader,

Fredk. A. Lewis,

" G.

Wilson McCotter,

*O. McLaughlin,

" F.

Walter G. Preston.

ML n n rl c\ i T~\ n

" E.

Alexander Richards, "

IX dllLHJl|Jll,

*F. Romer,

" A.

Charles Saunders, "

Matthew H. Sheppard

, " F.

William Smades, "

Amasa Smith,

" D.

*Charles Smith,

Archibald Thompson,

11 B.

Edward Waterhouse, "

Jefferson Wells,

" H.

Henrv Williams, "

Antietam, Md.

Chas T. Cross, Co. L. Thos. R. Gro^an, Co. G.

J -o

Peter B. Kinney, " I. Matthew Murphy, " H.

John A. Willers, Co. L.

1864 IN MKMORIAM. 385

Arlington, Va.

William Brayton, Co. L. \Villiam Griffin, Co. B.

Ferdinand Herzog, " E. John Hess, " I.

Thomas Kerr, " L. Charles Miller, " E.

*G. Nuchman, " L. James Sherman, " G.

Amzi Sisson, Co. D.

Culpeper, Va.

Joseph Cram, Co. D. Livingston Felton, Co. E.

Louis Kline, " E. Constant Milden, " A.

Joseph T. Newling, " D. Julius Perro, " E.

Florence, S. C.
Absalom Fitzgerald, Co. I.

Danville, Va.

*J. Canfield, Co. A. *J. London. Co. C.

*H. Peck, Co. D.

Frederic ksburg, Va.

Col. Joseph A. Moesch.

Wm. E. Allen, Co. L. John Cross, Co. A.

Jeremiah Crowley, " F. Benj. F. Douglass, " L.

*Artimus D. Flowers, " I. George Shaffer, " C.

Gettysburg, Pa.

Lieut. Charles A. Clark Co. B.
Patrick Burns, Co. H. Henry J. Curry, Co. L.

London Park, Baltimore, Md.

John W. Byrd, Co. I. James Chambers, Co. I.

Patrick Kennedy, " I. Rufus C. Wagner, " E.

Glenwood, Philadelphia, Pa.
John B. Foster, Co. G.

TIII-: NINTH NEW YORK. June

Richmond, Va.

George Blair, Co. D. Thomas S. Lunt, Co. G.

*J. S. Taylor, " D. Nathan Thriiss, " E.

John Vail, Co. D.

Salisbury, N. C.
Christopher Brennan, Co A.

Soldiers' Home, Washington, D. C.

Silas J. Beckwith, Co. A. Anson Bennett, Co. A.

Thos. W. Brown, " L. John Q. Gordon, " L.

Joseph Hockaday, " F. Worthington Hodgkin-

Joseph Jabbitt, " H. son, A.

Patrick Kelly, " B. John Malone, " E.

Benjamin Rush, " F. Wyman Witherell, " F.

Yorktown, Va.
*James Cavedish, Co. D.

* Names marked with an asterisk are not found upon the muster-out rolls, but are
upon the records of the cemeteries as having been of the NINTH— 83d N. Y. Vols.

KILLED IN BATTLE " AS FAR AS KNOWN " AFTER TRANSFER
TO THE 97TH N. Y. VOLS.

Priv. George Maxwell, Co. F. Priv. John T. Lockington, Co. L.

THE KILLED, DIED OF WOUNDS OR DISEASE, OTHER THAN
THOSE BURIED IN THE NATIONAL CEMETERIES.

Field and Staff.

Lt.-Colonel William H. Hallick ; Quartermaster Henry L.

Stevens.

Company A.

Capt. Thomas W. Quirk. Capt. John M. K. Connolly.

Sergt. Fredrick Kirchet. Sergt. James M. Williams.

!864

IN MEMORIAM.

Corp. Edward McGrath.

" William C. Robinson.
Priv. Ernest Geidecke.

Alfred F. Jones.

Joseph R. Mitchell.

Joseph H. Sweezy.

Corp. Elias A. Stone.
Priv. James Clark.
" J. Goldsmith Hanson.
Alexander Mercer.
James H. Rabell.
" Edward Wheelock.

Company B.

Sergt. Charles H. Barker.
Corp. Edward Briener.

Henry Rheinlander.
Priv. Alexander Asal.

Frederick Bunk.

J. Frederick Fassbind.

Wm. H. McNaughton.

William Palmer.
" Henry Roclgers.

Priv. James

Corp. Eugene Braillard.
William Kreimler.

" Frederick W. Switter.
Priv. Henry Bohrman.

" Silas Crowinshield.

" Nicholas Loevvenberg.
\Viliam. H. McNider.

" George Smith.

" Dominick Zimmerman.
Wisdom.

Company C.

Sergt. Edward R. Jennings.
Priv. John Bierau.

Robert Graham.
" Levi Havens.

Benjamin Miller.
" Daniel Osborne.
" Luther Peck.

Corp. Peter Eagan.
Priv. George E. Fream.

" August D. C. Guild.

" Amos Hodges.

" John Miller.

" William H. Parker.

" Clarence F. Tyson.

Priv. William H. Robbins.

Company D.

Lieut. Henry Osgood.
Sergt. Frank G. Aims.
Priv. James Askwith.
John Butler.

" George H. Grossman.

" Robert D. Garrison.

Lieut. Charles M. Reynolds.
Corp. Winfield S. Wyckoff.

James B. Barton.
Priv. William F. Butler.

" John English.

" William Hood.

388

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

Priv. Fletcher J. Ingalls.
" Orville Lequay.
John S. Phelps.
" Leonard Rodgers.
" Alexander View.

Priv. Francis Lambert.
' Thomas W. Mykins.
" Thomas C. Pollock.
" Wm. H. Van Beuren.
" John D. Wickham.

Sercjt.

Priv.

Company E.

Lieut. Thomas Layton.
Corp. Alonzo A. Craw.
Priv. August O. Beauche.
" Thomas Cozzins.
" Augustus Faton
David F. Gillett.
Albert Lewis.
" William T. Parkinson. "

Company F.

William Henderson.
Thomas Moore.
John H. Caldwell.
Herman Ellison.
Matthew F. Freeman.
Isaac Ho well.
David A. Morgan.
J. Yeomans.

Sergt. Archibald Penny.
Corp. William H. Cosman.
Priv. Philip Gabele.

" James H. Hinchman.

Corp. John Benner.

Priv. Joseph H. Blakeney.

" ' Peter Peters.

" Ralph Jones.

Priv. Charles Low.

Company G.

Priv

Corp. Charles W. Beecher.
" George W. Topping.
David Barbour.
John F. Hoyt.
Thomas Kiley.
Edward A. Le Barnes.
Benjamin J. Sheffield.

Corp. George P. Reuss.
Priv. John E. Banks.

" William Foy.

" Charles W. B. Hurd.

" Conrad Krowle.

" John Rivers.

" Joseph Tichener.

Company H.

Lieut. Felix Hirt Priv. William Aston.

" Alexander Beus. " Jeremiah Bresnan.

Willard Burr. ' John Caffry.

1 864

IN MEMORIAM.

389

' Priv. Alexander De Con. Priv. Ferdinand Fohrman.

" James Heenan. " William Jones.

" John Martin. " William Miller.

" Thomas Triggs. " James Walsh.

Priv. Charles M. Wood.

Company I.

Sergt. John Knipe.
Priv. Daniel Curtin.

John P. Jordon.

Joseph McAvoy.

Joacham Maurice.

John Oberfelt.
" Robert L. Riker.

Peter Treddo.

Corp. George Bodenmiller.
Priv. Samuel B. Jones.
" Alexander Little.
Michael Martin.
Henry Montgomery.
Raphael Poissant.
" Lucien N. Tower.
Francis Westervelt.

Company K — SixtJi N. Y. Battery.

Sergt. William H. Turner.
Priv. John Biggs.

" John R. Bunn.

" John L. Gannon.

" Luther Hilverty.

" Richard H. Paxton.

" Herman Sanders.

Priv. George W. Bennett.
" Patrick Brennan.
" Daniel E. Cripps.
" Jacob H. Hatley.

Edward Martin.
'' James A. Perkins.
" Robert Seaman.

Priv. Ira D. Shay.

Company, L.

Sergt. John H. Scott.
Corp. George Bunte.
Priv. John T. Bell.
" Charles Connor.
" Jacob Lober.

Albert B. Meyer.
" Jeremiah Osborne.
Louis Van. Duzen.

Sergt. Henry J. Curry.
Priv. William S. Bailey.
John Clarke.
William A. Craig.
James Martin.
" Benjamin J. Montey.
" Charles Skinner.
M. V. B. Wait.

A total of two hundred and eighty-two killed, died of
wounds or disease.

39O THE NINTH NEW YORK.. June

ARMY SONGS.

THE BATTLE-CRY OF FREEDOM.

Yes, We'll rally round the Flag, boys, we'll rally once again,

Shouting the battle-cry of freedom !
We will rally from the hill-side, we'll gather from the plain,

Shouting the battle-cry of freedom !

Chorus — The Union forever, hurrah ! boys, hurrah !

Down with the traitors, up with the stars !
While we rally round the flag, boys, rally once again,
Shouting the battle-cry of freedom !

We are springing to the call of our brothers gone before,

Shouting the battle-cry of freedom !
And we'll fill the vacant ranks with a million freemen more,

Shouting the battle-cry of freedom !

We will welcome to our numbers the loyal, true and brave,

Shouting the battle-cry of freedom !
And although he may be poor, he shall never be a slave,

Shouting the battle-cry of freedom !

So we're springing to the call, from the East and from the West,

Shouting the battle-cry of freedom !
And we'll hurl the rebel crew from the land we love the best,

Shouting the baitle-cry of freedom !

JOHN BROWN.

John Brown's body lies a-mouldering in the grave,

His soul goes inarching on !

Chorus — Glory, Glory, Hallelujah !
Glory, Glory, Hallelujah !
Glory, Glory, Hallelujah !
His soul goes marching on.

1864 ARMY SONGS. 39!

He's gone to be a soldier in the army of our Lord,

His soul goes marching on !

John Brown's knapsack is strapped upon his back,

His soul goes marching on !

We'll hang Jeff Davis to a sour apple tree,
We'll hang Jeff Davis to a sour apple tree,
We'll hang Jeff Davis to a sour apple tree,
As \ve go marching on !

Now, three rousing cheers for the Union !
Now, three rousing cheers for the Union !
Now, three rousing cheers for the Union !
As we go inarching on !

JUST BEFORE THE BATTLE, MOTHER.

Just before the battle, mother,

I am thinking most of you.
While upon the field we're watching,

With the enemy in view.
Comrades brave are 'round me lying,

Fill'd with tho'ts of home and God,
For well they know that on the morrow

Some will sleep beneath the sod.

Chorus — Farewell, mother, you may never
Press me to your heart again ;
But, oh, you'll not forget me, mother,
If I'm numbered with the slain.

Oh, I long to see you, mother,

And the loving ones at home ;
But I'll never leave our banner.

Till in honor I can come.
Tell the traitors, all around you,

That their cruel words, we know,
In every battle kill our soldiers

By the help they give the foe. — Chorus.

392 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June.

Hark ! I hear the bugle sounding,

'Tis the signal for the light !
Now may (iod protect me, mother,

As he ever does the right.
Hear the " Battle-Cry of Freedom,"

How it swells upon the air !
Oh, yes, we'll rally 'round the standard,

Or we'll perish nobly there. — Chorus.

JUST AFTER THE BATTLE.

Still upon the field of battle

I am lying, mother, dear.
With my wounded comrades, waiting

For the .morning to appear.
Many sleep to waken never

In this \\o-ld of strife and death,
And many more are faintly calling

With their feeble dying breath.

Chorus. — Mother, dear, your boy is wounded,

And the night is drear with pain
But still I feel that I shall see you
And the clear old home again.

Oh, the first great charge was fearful,

And a thousand brave men fell ;
Still amid the dreadful carnage

I was safe from shot and shell.
So amid the fatal shower

1 had nearly passed the day,
When here the dreaded minie struck me,

And I sank amid the fray. — Chorus.

Oh, the glorious cheer of triumph

When the foemen turn'd and fled,
Leaving us the field of battle.

Strewn with dying and with dead.
Oh, the torture and the anguish,

That I could not follow on !
But here amid my fallen comrades

I must wait till morning's dawn. — Chorus.

ARMY SO\(;.S.

TENTING ON THE OLD CAMP GROUND.

We're tenting to-night on the old camp-ground,

Give us a song to cheer
Our weary hearts, a song of home

And friends we love so clear.

Chorus — Many are the hearts that are weary to-night,
Wishing for the war to cease;

Many are the hearts looking for the right,
To see the dawn of peace;

Tenting to-night, tenting to-night,
Tenting on the old camp ground,

We've been tenting to-night on the old camp ground,

Thinking of the days gone by ;
Of the loved ones at home, that gave us the hand,

And the tear that said : Good-by !

We are tired of war on the old camp-ground ;

Many are dead and gone,
Of the brave and true, who've left their homes ;

Others have been wounded long.

We've been fighting to-day on the old camp-ground.

Many are lying near.
Some are dead, and some are dying.

Many are in tears !

Chorus — Many are the hearts that are weary to-night,

Wishing for the war to cease;
Many are the hearts looking for the right,

To see the dawn of peace ;
Dying to-night, dying to-night,

Dying on the old camp-ground.

THE ARMY BEAN.
(Air — " Sii'cct Bye and Bye."}

There's a spot that the soldiers all love,
The mess-tent's the place that we mean,

And the dish that we like to see there.
Is the old-fashioned white Army Bean.

Chorus — 'Tis the bean that we mean

And we'll eat as we ne'er ate before ;
The Army Bean, nice and clean —
We'll stick to our beans evermore.

394 THE NI^TH NEW VORK. June

Now the bean in its primitive state,
Is a plant we have all often met ;
And when cooked in the old army style,
It has charms we can never forget.

The German is found of saur-kraut,
The potato is loved by the Mick,
But the soldiers have long since found out

That through life to our beans we should stick.

REFRAIN. Air — " Tell Aunt Rhody."

Beans for breakfast,
Beans for dinner,
Beans for supper,
Beans, Beans, Beans.

WHEN THIS CRUEL WAR IS OVER.

Dearest love, do you remember

When we last did meet,
How you told me that you loved me,

Kneeling at your feet ?
Oh ! how proud you stood before me,

In your suit of blue,
When you vow'd to me and country

Ever to be true.

Chorus. — Weeping sad and lonely,

Hopes and fears, how vain.
When this cruel war is over,
Praying that we meet again !

When the summer breeze is sighing

Mournfully along !
Or when the autumn leaves are falling,

Sadly breathes the song.
Oft in dreams I see thee lying

On the battle plain,
Lonely, wounded, even dying,

Calling, but in vain. — Chorus.

If amid the din of battle,

Nobly you should fall,
Far away from those who love you,

None to hear you call,
Who would whisper words of comfort?

Who would soothe your pain ?
Ah ! the many cruel fancies
Ever in my brain. — Chorus.

1 864 ARMY SONGS. 395

But our country called you, darling,

Angels cheer your way ;
While our nation's sons are fighting,

We can only pray,
Nobly strike for God and liberty;

Let all nations see
How we love our starry banner,

Emblem of the free. — Chorus.

WHEN JOHNNY COMES MARCHING HOME.

When Johnny comes marching home again,

Hurrah, hurrah !
We'll give him a hearty welcome then,

Hurrah, hurrah !
The men will cheer, the boys will shout,

The ladies they wiil all turn out,
And we'll all feel gay,

When Johnny comes marching home.

The old church bell will peal with joy,

Hurrah, hurrah !
To welcome home our darling boy,

Hurrah, hurrah !
The village lads and lassies say

With roses they will strew the way,
And we'll all feel gay,

When Johnny comes marching home.

Get ready for the Jubilee,

Hurrah, hurrah !
We'll give the hero three times three,

Hurrah, hurrah !
The laurel wreath is ready now,

To place upon his loyal brow,
And we'll all feel gay,

When Johnny comes marching home.

Let love and friendship on that day,

Hurrah, hurrah !
Theirchoicest treasures then display,

Hurrah, hurrah !
And let each one perform some part

To fill with joy the warrior's heart,
And we'll all feel gay,

When Johnny comes marching home.

396 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

TRAMP! TRAMP! TRAMP!

In the prison-cell I sit,

Thinking, mother, clear, of you,
And our bright and happy home, so far away ;

And the tears they fill my eyes,

Spite of all that 1 can do,
Tho' I try to cheer my comrades and be gay.

Chorus — Tramp, tramp, tramp ! the boys are marching,

Cheer up ! comrades, they will come,
And beneath the Starry Flag,
We shall breathe the air again,

Of the Free-land in our own beloved home.

In the battle-front we stood,

When their fiercest charge they made,
And they swept us off, a hundred men or more ;

But, before we reached their lines,

They were beaten back dismayed,
And we heard the cry of vict'ry, o'er and o'er.

So, within the prison-cell,

We are waiting for the day
That shall come to open wide the iron door ;

And the hollow eye grows bright,

And the poor heart almost gay,
As we think of seeing home and friends once more.

MARCHING THROUGH GEORGIA.

Bring me the good old bugle, boys ! we'll sing another song-
Sing it with that spirit that will start the world along —
Sing it as \ve used to sing it, fifty thousand strong,
While we were marching through Georgia.

Chorus — " Hurrah ! Hurrah ! we bring the Jubilee !

Hurrah ! Hurrah ! the Hag that makes you free !"
So we sang the chorus from Atlanta to the sea,
While we were marching through Georgia.

ARMY SONGS AND POETRY. 397

How the darkies shouted when they heard the joyful sound !
How the turkeys gobbled which our commissary found !
How the sweet potatoes even started from the ground,
While we were marching through Georgia.

Yes, and there were Union men who wept with joyful tears,
When they saw the honored flag they hadn't seen for years ;
Hardly could they be restrained from breaking out in cheers,
While we were marching through Georgia.

" Sherman's dashing Yankee boys will never reach the coast !"
So the saucy rebels said, and 'twas a handsome boast,
Had they not forgot, alas, to reckon with the host,
While we were marching through Georgia.

So we made a thoroughfare for Freedom and her train,
Sixty miles in latitude — three hundred to the main ;
Treason fled before us, for resistance was in vain,
While we were marching through Georgia.

The following lines were written by Joseph K. Gibbons,
Company G, Thirty-fourth Massachusetts, while sick in
his tent, a few days before his death at Fort Lyon, Ya., Nov.,
1862:

Underneath a hillock fair,

Where the ever-weeping willow
Chants a weird and dirge-like air,

O'er the streamlets rippling billow,
Freedom's martyr, freed from care,

Slumbers on his lonely pillow.

Shrine, nor pillars honored mound.

Decks the Hero's silent dwelling
Deeds of valor to unfold,

Admiration's thought excelling —
And his praises manifold

From his bitter foes compelling.

Human fabrics such as these.

Time's destroying sway soon crumbles,

Whose fell power, by Heaven's decrees,
Mightiest monarchies oft humbles ;

And earth's proudest pageantries,
From their lofty station tumbles.

THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

But a more enduring praise

Thy brave actions shall inherit
Which the hearts of men shall raise,

O'er thy deed's exalted merit,
Till eternal glory's rays

Consecrate thy hallowed spirit.

There he sleeps from trouble free,

Life's dark strife in peace forsaking,
Till the final reveille

Of our new creation's waking,
Calls him with the just to be,

Heavenly joys for aye partaking.

THE COUNTERSIGN.*

Alas ! the weary hours pass slow,

The night is very dark and still,
And in the marshes far below

I hear the bearded whip-poor-will ;
I scarce can see a yard ahead.

My ears are strained to catch each sound,
I hear the leaves about me shed,

And the springs bubbling thro' the ground.

Along the beaten path I pace,

Where white rays mark the sentry's track,
In formless shrub I seem to trace

The foeman's form with bended back ;
I think I see him crouching low,

I stop and list, I stoop and peer,
Until the neighboring hillocks grow
To groups of soldiers far and near.

With ready piece I wait and watch

Until my eyes, familiar grown,
Detect each harmless earthern notch

And turn guerillas into stone ;
And then amid the lonely gloom,

Beneath the weird old tulip trees,
My silent inarches I resume,

And think of other times than these,

******

So comes the dream — so fleets the night,
When distant in the darksome glen,

Approaching up the sombre height,
I hear the solid march of men ;

1864. ARMY SONGS AND POETRY. 399

Till over stubble, over sward.

And fields where gleam the golden sheaf,
I see the lantern of the guard

Advancing with the night relief.

" Halt ! who goes there ? "—my challenge-cry,

It rings along the watchful line ;
" Relief," I hear a voice reply ;

"Advance and give the countersign ! "
With bayonet at a" charge " 1 wait,

The corporal gives the mystic spell,
With " arms a-port " I charge my mate,

Then onward pass, and all is well.

But in the tent that night, awake,

I ask, if in the fray I fall,
Can I the mystic answer make

To the angelic sentry's call ?
And pray that Heaven may so ordain,

That when I near the camp divine,
Whate'er my travail or my pain

I yet may have the countersign.

* Written by Captain Fitz-James O'Brien, at Camp Cameron, Va., 1861. (Grand
Anny Review, January, 1888.)

4OO THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

CHAPTER XXI.

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

Complete Register* of Officers and Enlisted Men who served in the Regiment, Show
ing each Man's Record who was Honorably Discharged, Prepared from Copies of
the Rolls Furnished by the Adjutant-General, U. S. A., and amended through
other official sources, by George A. Hussey, Historian.

following extract of a letter from the A. G. O. will be
read with interest:

WAR DEPARTMENT,

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE,

Washington, February 2O//t, 1888.
Colonel WM. SEWARD, JR.,

Commanding qt/i Regiment, N. G., State N. V '., AVw York City.
SIR : — In compliance with the request of the " Board of Officers, 9th Regt.
National Guard, State of New York," I have the honor to forward herewith copies of
the muster-out rolls of the 83d N. Y. Volunteers. * * *

In this connection I invite your attention to the fact that no Regimental or Com
pany morning report books, Regimental or Company descriptive books, Regimental
Hospital Register and Prescription book of the regiment are on file in this office, the
same not having been turned in at the time of the muster-out of the Regiment. * * *

The absence of these records has undoubtedly not only delayed the adjustment of
claims for pension of members of the Regiment, but perhaps has been the cause of
unfavorable action in some cases. * * *

I therefore request that inquiry be made of the Officers belonging to the Regiment
during the war, with a view to ascertaining what disposition has been made of the
records mentioned, to the end that they may be placed on file in this Office, so that
deserving claimants may have the benefit of the information contained therein.

Very respectfully,
. Your obedient servant,

R. C. DRUM,

Adjutant-General,

* Any errors brought to the attention of the Historian of the Veteran Corps, upon
presentation of official papers, will be cheerfully corrected in future editions.

1864 OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE. 4OI

FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS.

1 86 1 — 1864.

COLONELS.

JOHN W. STILES, aged 42; Colonel May 16, 1861 ; resigned Jan. 18, 1863.

JOHN HKNDRICKSON, aged 33 ; First Lieutenant Company G April 25 ; Captain, July

29, 1861 ; Major, Sept. 30; Lieut.-Colonel, Nov. 27, 1862 ; Colonel, Jan. 18, 1863 ;

resigned on accc nt of wounds (foot amputated) received at the Battle of Frecl-

ericksburg, Aug. i, 1863; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
JOSEPH A. MOESCH, aged 34 ; First Sergeant Company B April 29 ; Captain, Oct. i rr

1 86 1 ; wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ; Lieut.-Colonel, Jan. 18 ; Colonel,
Oct. 13, 1863; Killed at the Battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864. Buried by
Chaplain Alfred C. Roe, ct a!., in Ellwood Cemetery, but disinterred at the request
of the Veterans of the Ninth, and by order of Capt. John F. Rogers, M. S. K., U.

5. Army, was re-buried, in the National Cemetery at Fredericksburg, on Oct. 10,
1887.

LIEUTENANT-COLONELS.

WILLIAM II. HALLICK, aged 38; Lieut.-Colonel, May 16, 1861 ; died of disease at

New York, Jan. 6, 1862 ; buried in Greenwood Cemetery, N. Y.
WILLIAM ATTERBURV, aged 39; Captain Company G April 25 ; Major, July i, 1861 ;

Lieut.-Colonel, Jan. 7; resigned Sept. 30, 1862.
ALLAN RUTHERFORD, aged 25 ; Captain Company F May 4, 1860; Major, Jan. 7;

wounded at the Battle of Bull Run, Aug. 30 ; Lieut.-Colonel, Sept. 30 ; resigned

Nov. 25, 1862 ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
WILLIAM CHALMERS, aged 52; Captain 32nd N. Y. Vols. May 2, 1861 ; resigned July

21, 1862 ; Lieut.-Colonel Qth N. Y. S. M. (830! N. Y. Vols.) Oct. 13 ; joined Nov.

6, 1863 ; mustered out June 23, 1864. In command of regiment from May 6th to
June 23, 1864.

MAJORS.

DABNEV W. Dices, aged 24; Private Company C April 21 ; Corporal, Sept. 10, 1861 ;
discharged by promotion May 31, 1862 ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM. Major
9th N. Y. S. M. (83d N. Y. Vols.) Nov. 27, 1862 ; joined Jan. 301)1 ; discharged
by surgeon's certificate March 20, 1863.

HENRY V. WILLIAMSON, aged 21 ; Private Company G May 20 ; wounded at the Bat
tle of Harper's Ferry ; Sergeant Company L Aug. 31, 1861 ; First Sergeant, Jan.
21 ; Second Lieutenant, July 21 ; Captain, Sept. 20, 1862 ; Major, March 20, 1863 ;
mustered out June 23, 1864.

SURGEONS.

JOHN R. BIGELOW, aged 54; Surgeon June 25 ; resigned Aug. 17, 1861.
CHARLES J. NORDQUIST, aged 40; Surgeon Sept. i, 1861 ; acting Chief Surgeon 3d
Brig. 2nd Div. 1st Corps Oct. 22 ; Medical Director 2nd Div. 1st Corps Nov. i I,

1862 ; Medical Inspector ist Corps Sept. 20, 1863 ; relieved from special duty June
8 ; mustered out June 23, 1864.

4O2 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

ASSISTANT SURGEONS.

HOWARD PINKNEY, aged 25; Asst. Surgeon April 26, 1861 ; in charge of the general
hospital at Frederick, Mel., for about a year ; resigned Dec. 27, 1862.

SOL. B. McFARLAND, aged 34; Asst. Surgeon Aug. 22 ; resigned Oct. 7, i862 ; Sur
geon 1 9th N. Y. Military District from May, 1863 to July I, 1864.

ABRAM V. KETCHUM, aged 27 ; Asst. Surgeon March 23, 1863 ; prisoner at the Battle
of Chancellorsville ; honorably discharged June 7, 1864.

CHAPLAINS.

BENJAMIN T. PHILLIPS, aged 41 ; Chaplain April 22, 1861 ; resigned Jan. 7, 1863.
ALFRED C. ROE, aged 39; Chaplain Dec. 16, 1863; transferred June 7, 1864; see
OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

ADJUTANTS.

JOHN B. COPPINGER, aged 30; Adjutant May 16; resigned Sept. i, 1861.

CHARLES E. TUTHILL, aged 31 ; Second Lieutenant Company H, May 24 ; Adjutant
Sept. i, 1861 ; resigned Oct. i, 1862.

CHARLES S. STRONG, aged 30; Sergeant Company F, May 27, 1861 ; Second Lieu
tenant, Jan. 7 ; Adjutant, Oct. i ; resigned Nov. i, 1862, Brevet Lieut. -Colonel N.,
Y. Vols.

HENRY P. CLARE, aged 27 ; Sergeant Company D May 27; First Sergeant, Aug. 5,
1861 ; First Lieutenant, May 22 ; wounded at the Battle of Antietam ; Adjutant,
Nov. i, 1862 ; wounded at the Battle of Spottsylvania May 12 ; mustered out June
23, 1864.

QUARTERMASTERS.

HENRY L. STEVENS, aged 30; Quartermaster June 4, 1861 ; died of disease at New

York, June 21, 1862 ; buried in Greenwood Cemetery, N. Y.
A. MARTIN BURTIS, aged 24; Private Company B 7th N. Y. S. Militia April 19;

mustered out June 3, 1861 ; First Lieutenant Company L gth N. Y. S. Militia (83d

N. Y. Vols.) Sept. 4, 1861 ; Quartermaster, June 21, 1862 ; mustered out June 23,

1864, Brevet Captain, N. Y. Vols.

BREVET SECOND LIEUTENANT N. Y. VOLS.
DUNNELLE VAN SCHAICK, Private Company E.

1864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE

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406 THE NINTH NKYV YORK. June

COMPANY A.

ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AND RECRUITS OF 1861 AND 1862.

CAPTAINS.

JOSEPH J. MORRISON, aged 30; Captain, April 26 ; resigned July 28, 1861 ; see OFFI
CERS PROMOTED FROM.

JOHN DALRYMPLE, aged 32; First Lieutenant, April 26; Captain, Aug. 6, 1861 ;
resigned May 22, 1862.

EUGENE PICKETT, aged 21 ; Sergeant, May 27; Second Lieutenant, Aug. 6, 1861 ;
First Lieutenant, February 22 ; Captain, May 22 ; wounded at the Battle of Antie-
tam; resigned Dec. 31, 1862 ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

THOMAS W. QUIRK, aged 23 ; Private Company C, May 27, 1861 ; Second Lieuten
ant Company A, July 22 ; wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ; Captain, Dec.
31, 1862 ; killed at the Battle of Gettysburg ; buried in Cemetery, at Albany, N. Y.

DAVID N. FOSTER, aged 22 ; Private, May 27, 1861 ; Corporal, — ; Second Lieutenant
Company C, Aug. 23, 1862 ; wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg; Captain
Company A, Oct. i ; discharged for wounds, Dec. 23, 1863.

JOHN M. K. CONNOLLY, aged 21 ; Private Company C, Oct. 7, 1861 ; First Lieutenant
Company L, Dec. 28, 1862 ; Captain Company A, Oct. i, 1863 ; killed at the Bat
tle of Spottsylvania, May 12, 1864.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

EDWARD H. ANDREW, aged 29; Second Lieutenant, April 26; First Lieutenant, Aug.
6, 1861 ; resigned Feb. 22, 1862.

ISAAC C. HUNTINGTON, aged 29; Private Company F, May 27, 1861 ; First Lieu
tenant Company A, May 22 ; wounded at the Battle of Bull Run, 1862 ; resigned
Dec. 27, 1862.

JOHN B. DOLAN, aged 24; Private Company D, May 27, 1861 ; Second Lieutenant
Company B, Dec. 18, 1862; First Lieutenant Company A, Oct. 2, 1863 ; mustered
out June 23, 1864.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

WILLIAM H. KIRBY, aged 26 ; Private, May 27, 1861 ; Second Lieutenant, Feb. 22 ;
resigned July 22, 1862 ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

AUGUSTUS P. BUTLER, discharged by promotion ; see Officers of Company H.

JOHN D. MOORE, aged 26; Private May 27, 1861 ; Corporal, • — ; Sergeant, — ;
wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg; Second Lieutenant, Oct, I, 1863 ; mus
tered out June 23, 1864. In command of the company from Oct. 21, 1863, to Feb.
23, 1864, also from May 12, to June 23, 1864.

1864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

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SHORT, JAMES ,.
SKELLY, MICHAEL W. . . .
SMITH, ALFONSO R
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BINNINGS, JOHN R.

BOGERT. ROBERT. .

BOUVALLS, ANTONIO
BOWERS, THOMAS

BOWKER. CHARLES. .

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414 T1IE MNTll NEW YORK. June

COMPANY B.
ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AND RECRUITS OF 1861 AND 1862.

CAPTAINS.

JOHN DEPPELER, aged 37; Captain, Feb. 13; resigned Oct. i, 1861.

JOSEPH A. MOESCH, discharged by promotion ; see Field and Staff Officers.

HENRY PERRET, aged 25 ; Corporal, May 27, 1861 ; Sergeant, Jan. — ; First Lieuten
ant, Nov. I, 1862 ; Captain, Oct. I, 1863 ; wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness,
May 6 ; mustered out June 23, 1864. In command of the company from Oct. i,
1863, to June 23, 1864.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

LOUIS BILLON, aged 38; First Lieutenant, June u, 1851 ; resigned Jan. 7, 1862.

ISAAC E. HOAGLAND, discharged by promotion; see Officers of Company H.

CHARLES A. CLARK, aged 23; Sergeant Company G, May 27, 1861 ; wounded at
the Battle of Antietam ; First Lieutenant, Nov. 27, 1862 ; killed at the Battle of
Gettysburg; buried in the Nat. Cemetery at Gettysburg, section B, Grave No. i 38.

FREDERICK MUNCKE, aged 28; Corporal, May 27; Sergeant, Oct. 1 1, 1861 ; First Lieu
tenant, Oct. 2, 1863; wounded at the Battle of Spottsylvania May 10; mustered
out June 23, 1864; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

FREDERICK GUYER, discharged by promotion ; see Officers of Company D.

JOHN B. DOLAN, discharged by promotion ; see Officers of Company A.

EMILEG. MARCHAND, aged 26; Private, May 27 ; Corporal, — ; Sergeant, Oct. n, 1861 ;
wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ; Second Lieutenant, Oct. 2, 1863 ; honor
ably discharged April 23, 1864

1864

OFFICIAL FECORD OF SERVICE.

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CHARLES H. BARKER

AUGUST GINNEL
JOHN GRANT

FELIX HIRT
THEODORE HUBER..

THOMAS KEOGH

AUGUST KUBELY.. . .

JACOB MANGOLD....
JACOB MANGOLD, Jr..

JOHN ROTH

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CO. REMARKS.

Wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ; Corporal, Nov. — ,
1863; killed at the Battle of the Wilderness.
Discharged for disability.
Corporal, Jan. 22, 1864; wounded at the Battle of the Wilder
ness; mustered out with the company.
Corporal, — , 1862; killed at the Battle of Antietam.
Corporal, Oct. 5, 1863, wounded at the Battle of the Wilder
ness ; transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.
Trirnnral — • wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness:

mustered out with the company.
Corporal, — , 1862 ; killed at the Battle of Antietam.

Reenlisted Feb. 8, 1864; transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.

Killed at the Battle of Fredericksburg.
Discharged bv promotion.
Discharged for disability.
Died of wounds received at the Battle of Antietam.
Mustered out with the company.

\ „_:,!„„. „!!.. „!,„( „.-<•„.-..,. ,1 »~ tU^ V^t U ^t. f,M-i^

Wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ; reenlisted Feb.
28, 1864; transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.
Wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ; transferred to the
Vet. Res. Corps.
Discharged for disability.
Died of wounds received at the Battle of Antietam.
Discharged for wounds received at the Battle of Fredericks
burg.
Discharged by promotion ; see OFFICKKS PUOMOTKD FROM.

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OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

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.... Wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness ; transferred to the
97th N. Y. Vols.

Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.
.. . . Died of disease; buried in the National Cemetery at Alex
andria, Grave No. 1969.
.... Wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness ; transferred to the
97th N. Y. Vols.
. . . Killed at the Battle of the Wilderness.
.... .Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.
.... Wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness ; transferred to the
97th N. Y. Vols.

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CLARK, ARTHUR

CLIFFORD, WILLIAM. . .

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HAWKINS, HENRY.
HERBERT, JOHN. . .
HOBBS, JOSIAH

HOVEY, JAMES
JOHNSON, DANIEL.
KEARNS, GEORGE. .

LEE, JAMES
LUCEE, LEONARD. .

420

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

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1TCHIE, LOUIS H
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COMPANY C.
ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AND RECRUITS OF 1861 AND 1862.

CAPTAINS.

CHARLES E. PRESCOTT, aged 32; Captain, May 29, 1861 ; resigned June 16, 1862 ;
see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

JAMES H. STEVENS, aged 34; Sergeant, May 27; Second Lieutenant, Oct. 12, 1861 ;
Captain, June 16 ; wounded, "explosion," at the Battle of Rappahannock ; honor
ably discharged Dec. 13, 1862 ; Brevet Lieut.-Colonel U. S. Vols. — , 1864 ; Brevet
Colonel N. Y. Vols. — , 1865.

CYRUS C. HUBBARD, aged 27; Sergeant, May 27, 1861 ; Second Lieutenant, June 16;
First Lieutenant, Aug. 23, 1862 ; Captain, Oct. i, 1863; mustered out June 23,
1864. In command of the company from Dec. 13, 1862, to June 23, 1864.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

ERASTUS R. MILLER, discharged by promotion; see Officers of Company L.
WILLIAM H. DRAPER, aged 40; Second Lieutenant, May 29; First Lieutenant, Sept.

27, 1 86 1 ; honorably discharged Aug. 23, 1862.
GEORGE O. HIRST, aged 26; Private, June 8, 1861 ; Corporal, March 20; Sergeant,

Oct. i, 1862; wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ; First Lieutenant, Oct. i,

1863 ; mustered out June 23, 1864.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

DAVID N. FOSTER, discharged by promotion : see Officers of Company A.

JACOB F. MuNSON.aged 28 ; Private, Oct. 14, 1861 ; Corporal, May 8 ; Sergeant, Nov.

H, 1862; Second Lieutenant, Oct. I, 1863; mustered out June 23, 1864; see

OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

422

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ELMER, WILLIAM A. . .

1 364

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HAYS, JACOB
HEKKING, JOHN A..
IFFLA, ABRAM G. . . .

JOHNSON, JAMES E. .
JOYCE, SAMUEI
KENNEDY, DANIEL L
LAWRENCE, GEORGE
MACY, BENJAMIN C.
MCDONALD, FRANCIS
MEYER, JOSEPH ....

MILLER, JOHN

MILLER, Louis
MONTROSE, AMBROSI
MOORE, LAFAYETTE
MORAN, WILLIAM J.
MYERS, HORATIO G.
NEWBURY, JOSEPH H
OSBORNE, JAMES. . . .
PADDOCK, HENRY T

PARKER, WILLIAM H
PIERCE, WILLIAM. . .
PRYER, JOHN T

426

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

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SMITH, EDWARD L. .
SMITH, WILLIAM McC
STAPLES, JAMES M
THOMAS, FREDERICK .
THORN E, THOMAS W.
THORPE, HENRY R. . .

TOLAXD, WASHINGTO:

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OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

427

428

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

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43° THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

COMPANY D.
ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AND RECRUITS OF i86t AND 1862.

CAPTAINS.

JOHN W. DAVIS, aged 27 ; Captain, Sept. 16, 1859 ; resigned July 31, 1861.

EDMUND R. GREENE, aged 29, First Lieutenant. Sept. 16, 1859; Captain, Aug. 5.
1861 ; resigned May 22, 1862.

RALPH A. LANNING, aged 26; Sergeant, May 27. 1861 : First Lieutenant, Jan. 17;
Captain, May 22 ; discharged for wounds received at the Battle of Antietam, Dei-.
12, 1862.

FREDERICK. GUYER, aged 31 ; Second Lieutenant, Company B, April 30, 1861 ; Cap
tain Company D.Dec. 12, 1862; wounded, "foot amputated," and prisoner at
the Battle of the Wilderness, May 6; mustered out Sept. 21, 1864.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

JAMES B. VAN BEUREN, aged 36; Second Lieutenant, May 27 ; First Lieutenant, Aug
5, 1861 ; resigned Jan. 13, 1862.

HENRY P. CLARE, discharged by promotion; see Field and Staff Officers.

JHENRY OSGOOD, aged 20; Corporal, May 27, 1861 ; Sergeant, — ; First Lieutenant.
Dec. 13, 1862; died of wounds, " before muster," received at the Battle of Frede-
ricksburg, Jan. 15, 1863.

FRANK I. PAGE, aged 25; Sergeant, Company G, May 27, 1861 ; wounded at the Bat
tle of Fredericksburg ; First Lieutenant, Company D, Oct. i, 1863; mustered out
June 23, 1864. In command of the company from May 7 to June 23, 1864.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

WILLIAM S. STRYKER, aged 25; Sergeant, May 27; Second Lieutenant, Aug. 5 ;
detailed to the Signal Corps Aug. 27, 1861 ; discharged by promotion, March — ,
1863; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

CHARLES M. REYNOLDS, aged 26; Private, Company F, May 27, 1861 ; Second Lieu
tenant, Company D, July 28, 1863 ; killed at the Battle of Laurel Hill.

1 864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

431

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THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

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scharged by promotion ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
scharged by promotion,
rporal — ; discharged for disability,
rporal — ; transfered to the 97th N. Y. Vols. ; discharged
at expiration of term.

ansferred to Company E.
scharged for disability.

ansferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols. ; discharged for disabil-

ity.
ed of wounds received at the Battle of Fredericksburg.
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Officers.

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scharged by promotion ; see Officers of Company A.

QQUU

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U

JAMES A. JOHNSTON . .
DANIEL W. LEE
WILLIAM SALTER
SIDNEY J. VREDENBUP

MUSICIAN

HEZEKIAH SPRINGER..
JOHN H. JOHNSON. . . .

PRIVATE

AMORY, JAMES W. . . .

ASKWITH, JAMES
BEERS, JACOB H

• • a

r-1"""? < J <

J^fcjggjjS

,C; M 2 ' — '^ ' — > 5,"

CLARKE, WILLIAM F..
COLEMAN, GEORGE B . .

DEAN, HERMAN B . . .
DELANY, MICHAEL. . .
DOLAN, JOHN B

1 864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

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ricksburg and the Wilderness
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company.
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DOMINICK, CHARLES C

DURBROW, WASHINGTC

DURNIN, EUGENE
FISHER, EDWARD T
GARDINER, HORACE H.
GARDINER, JOHN L....
GARRISON, ROBERT D
GESNER, CHARLES H. .
GLEASON, LEROY

HENRIQUES, DAVID . .
HIBBARD, WILLIAM H .
HULL, CHARLES H ...

•* c/r

2"S

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JONES FENNIMORE P..
KENNEREK, ISAAC: P... . .

KENNIE, JOHN R
KING, WILLIAM H
LAMBERT, FRANCIS. . . .
LEAYCRAFT, THOMAS I

LEQUAY, ORVILLE
LESLIE, ALEXANDER. . .

434

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

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1864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

435

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TAYLOR. ASA W. .

. • . . . • . . . . • .

TAYLOR, JOHN G
THERRIOTT, ALFRED J

VAN BEUREN, CHARLES T. . .
VAN BEUREN, WILLIAM H. ..

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VREDENBURGH, JOHN .

WALL, THEODORE M

WEAVER, NICHOLAS W. . . .
WHEELOCK, ERASTUS. . ..
WHITE, CARTER S
WHITE, ROBERT H

436

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

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1864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

437

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Discharged for wounds, " arm amputated," received at the
Battle of the Wilderness.
Discharged for disability.
Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.
Killed at the Battle of Cold Harbor.
Transferred »o the 97th N. Y. Vols.
Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.
Wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness ; transferred to the
97th N. Y. Vols.
Transferred to the 971)1 N. Y. Vols.

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8 « •£ •£

U
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Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.
Transferred to tho 97th N. Y. Vols.
Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.
Wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness: transferred to the

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97th N. Y. Vols.

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NEWLING, JOSEPH T

K ' "S,

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MULLEN, EDWARD.
MURPHY, PATRICK. . . .
NELSON, WILLIAM
NEWLING, JAMES. . .

<; s
c ^

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C Q

•JALI.S, FLETCHER J. . . .
ARNEY, MICHAEL.". . . .
LLY, WILLIAM H. . . .
NNEDY, JAMES

^DDEN, LAWRENCE. . . .

MCCARTY, JOHN

MCGINNIS, WILLIAM. . . .

MCKENZIE, ELIJAH..

DONOHUE, JOHN
ENGLISH, JOHN
FRENCH, PETER
HAND, THOMAS
HAWLEY, GEORGE W.

HEARNE, JOHN
HEATH. ISAAC. .

25:S£ ^

43?

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

Bate of Death,
Discharge,
Transfer, or
Muster out.

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. Cemetery at Arlington,

Prisoner Oct. 15, 1863; died and buried in the Nat. Cemetery
at Andersonville, Grave No. 7628.
Prisoner — ; died and buried in the Nat. Cemetery at
Andersonville, Grave No. 11371.
Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.
Transferred to the 971)1 N. Y. Vols.
Wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness, transferred to the

97th N. Y. Vols.
^Wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness, transferred to the
97th N. Y. Vols.

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NAME AND HANK.

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....<...

SQUIRE, BOYNTON
STONE, ANDREW
STOWELL, GEORGE N. . .

TORRENCE, ADONIS. . . .

. —
X

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VIEW, ALEXANDER
WHITTAKER, LEROY. . ..
WICKHAM, JOHN D
WRIGHT, GEORGE R. .
WOOD, WILLIAM

'.:%:*::''

SMADE, WILLIAM. . . .

.S\MTH A MASA

2 fc U H § ^T /«' 5"

1864 OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE. 439

COMPANY E.
ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AND RECRUITS OF 1861 AND 1862.

CAPTAINS.

HENRY C. SMITH, aged 39 ; Captain, April 27 ; resigned Nov. 30, 1861.

EDWARD SHANLY aged 24; Private, May 27 ; Captain, Dec. 9, 1861 ; honorably dis
charged Dec 12 1862

LAWRENCE M. 'WHITNEY, aged 25 ; Private Company F. May 27, 1861 ; First Lieu
tenant Company E. Jan. 8, 1863; wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg; Captain
Oct. i, 1863; mustered out June 23, 1864. In command of the company from
Feb. i, 1863, to June 23, 1864.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

HENRY S. BROOKS, aged 25; Second Lieutenant, March 27, 1861 ; First Lieutenant

April 13 ; resigned Oct. 13, 1861.
WILLIAM P. GALBRAITH, aged 24; Second Lieutenant, April 13 ; First Lieutenant,

Oct. 12, 1861 ; resigned Feb. 22, 1862.
FRANK C. ALGER, aged 25; Sergeant, May' 27 ; First Sergeant, Nov. 14, 1861 ; First

Lieutenant, Feb. 22; honorably discharged Sept. 21, 1862.
THOMAS W. HOWARD, aged 25; Private Company F. May 27 ; Corporal, — , 1861 ;

Sergeant, — , 1862 ; First Lieutenant Company E. Oct. i, 1863 ; mustered out June

23, 1864.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

THOMAS LAYTON, aged 29 ; Private, May 27 ; Corporal, — ; Second Lieutenant, Dec.

9, 1861 ; died of wounds received at the Battle of Fredericksburg, Dec. 15, 1862.
E. FRANKLIN JORDAN, aged 25 ; Private, May 27, Commissary Sergeant, Nov. 28.

1 86 1 ; Second Lieutenant, Oct. 2, 1863; mustered out June 23, 1864.

440

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

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OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

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PRIVATES.

HE, AUGUST O
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[Transferred to the 97th N. Y'. Vols. ; discharged at expiration

of term.
Discharged for disability.
Discharged for disability.
Wounded at the Battle of Antietam ; transferred to the 2oth
Vet. Res. Corps Dec. 12, 1863; discharged at expiration
of term.

Died of wounds received at the Battle of Fredericksburg.
Wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg; transferred to the

97th N. Y. Vols. ; discharged at expiration of term.
Discharged for disability.
Wounded at the Battle of Antietam ; transferred to the Vet.

Res. Corps.
Died of disease.
Discharged for wounds received at the Battle of Antietam.

Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols. ; discharged at expiration
of term.

Transferred to the Vet. Res. Corps.
Mustered out with the company.
Transferred to the Vet. Res. Corps
Discharged for disability.
Discharged by promotion ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
Discharged for disability.

Discharged for disability.
Discharged by promotion ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
Died of disease ; buried in New York Bay Cemetery, N. J.
Discharged for disability.
Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols. ; discharged at expiration
of term.

^
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AUGUSTUS. .
ELANSON J..

¥;

x, MATTHEW
WILLIAM E..

v, GEORGE..

T. JEFFERSO
N, THOMAS ]V
HENRY L. .
GEORGE H.
JOSEPH H . .
JOHN J....

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. STORER. . .
, ISAAC
EDWARD J.
ALBERT F.

ALPHONSE.

\LBERT

Q > 55

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FATON,
FARGO,

FLOYD,
FREDER

FREEMA
HALE, V

HEFFER

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LEWIS, i

1 864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

443

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.'Discharged for disability. 39
.Died of wounds received at the Battle of Fredericksburg;: 20
buried in the Nat. Cemetery at Soldier's Home, D. C.

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he Battle of Fredericksburg.
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1 for disability.
1 for disability,
d for disability,
sease.
d to the 97th N. Y. Vols.; discharged at expiration
n.
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at the Battle of Antietam ; discharged by promo-
see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
at the Battle of Antietam ; mustered out with the

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the Vet. Res. Corps.
. Discharged for disability.
. Discharged by promotion; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
. Discharged for disability.
.Discharged for disability.

llllllll||Cll"l

IT, IT: 'Jl JJ~. 'T: 'J~.

555555:

LYONS, CHARLES F
MALONE, JOHN

MARSHALL, CHARLES
MCCREARY, ARCHIBALD. . . .

S
j

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RAWLEY, THOMAS

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SCOTT, SAMUEL

SIMMONDS, LEMUEL. . .
SIMPSON, WILLIAM M.
SITLER, J. W
SMITH, GEORGE F

444

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

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MCDONALD, JOHN
MCGRATH, WILLIAM .
MILLER, CHARLES. . . .

MONNAHAN, JEREMIAH
MUCKEY, NORMAN. . . .

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PERRO, JULIUS

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COMPANY F.
ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AND RECRUITS OF 1861 AND 1862.

CAPTAINS.

ALLAN RUTHERFORD, discharged by promotion ; see Field and Staff officers, also

OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
ANGUS CAMERON, aged 25 ; Second Lieutenant, June 3; First Lieutenant, Nov. 21,

1861 ; Captain, Jan. 7, 1862 ; wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ; honorably

discharged April 23, 1863.
JACOB JACOBS, aged 26; Private, May 27, Corporal, May 30, 1861 ; Sergeant, Feb. 10,

First Lieutenant, Sept. 30, 1862 ; wounded at the Battle of Gettysburg; Captain,

Oct. I, 1863; mustered out June 23, 1864. In command of the Company from

April 30, 1863, to June 23, 1864.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

CHARLES R. BRAINS, aged 22 ; Second Lieutenant, April 9 ; First Lieutenant, June 3 ;

detailed to the Signal Corps Aug. 27 ; resigned Nov. 21, 1861.
ROBERT G. RUTHERFORD, discharged by promotion; see Officers of Company G.
HENRY E. BUERMEYER, aged 22; Corporal, May 27, 1861 ; Sergeant. Jan. 7, 1862;

First Lieutenant, Oct. i, 1863; wounded at the Battle of Laurel Hill ; mustered

out June 23, 1864.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

CHARLES S. STRONG, discharged by promotion ; see Field and Staff Officers.
ROBERT F. COOKE, aged 23; Private Company E, May 27, 1861; Corporal, — ;

Sergeant, — , 1862 ; wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg; Second Lieutenant

Company F, Oct. i, 1863 ; mustered out June 23, 1864.

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RUSH, BENJAMIN

SKEELS, HERMAN
SANBORN, HENRY W
SCOTT, BENJAMIN
SHIELDS, WILLIAM
SIFTS, LEWIS

**•

LAWLER, JOHN
Low, CHARLES
MAFFITT, EUGENE

McKEE, PATRICK
MC K EN S I E, G EORG E H .
MILES. HENRY

STRAEDER, FREDERICK
SULLIVAN, CORNELIUS..
TAYLOR, JOHN B

TERPANY, WILLIAM E. .

TODD, JOSEPH D
WILBER, AARON G

456

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

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COMPANY G.
ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AM) RECRUITS OF i86r AND 1862.

CAPTAINS.

WILLIAM ATTEPBURY, discharged by promotion; see Field and Staff Officers.

JOHN HENDRI'JKSON, discharged by promotion; see Field and Staff Officers, also
OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

ROBERT G. RCTHERFORD, aged 26; Private Company B, 23d N. Y. S. M. May — ,
Sergeant, Aug. 22, 1860; Private Company F, 9th N. Y. S. M. March 21 ; Ser
geant, April 2, acting Lieutenant, May 20 ; Second Lieutenant, Nov. 19, 1861 ; First
Lieutenant, Jan. 7 ; injured at Rappahannock Station ; Captain Company G Sept.
30, 1862; honorably discharged by Surgeon's certificate of disability, Feb. 26,
1863. See OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

THOMAS \Y. THORNE, aged 22 ; Private Company C, wounded at the Battle of Antie-
U..n ; Second Lieutenant Company G, Oct. 19, 1862 ; First Lieutenant, Oct. i ;
Captain, Oct. 2\, 1863; mustered out June 23, 1864. In command of the com
pany from Dec. I, 1863 to June 23, 1864.

FI RST LIEUTENANTS.

JOSEPH D. WICKHAM, aged 30; Second Lieutenant, April 25 ; First Lieutenant, July

29; resigned Oct. 11, 1861.
MATTHEW S. GREGORY, aged 21; Sergeant, May 27; First Lieutenant, Oct. 15,

1 86 1 ; resigned July 21, 1862.
WILLIAM H. TERWILLIGER, aged 25; Sergeant, May 27, 1861 ; First Lieutenant,

July 21, 1862; wounded at the Battle of Antietam ; resigned Jan. i, 1863; see

OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
WILLIAM S. MORRIS, aged 22; Private, May 27, 1861 ; First Lieutenant, Oct. 21,

1863 ; wounded at the Battle of Laurel Hill; mustered out June 23, 1864.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

DAVID W. ANDERSON, aged 45 ; Acting Second Lieutenant, April 30 ; Second Lieu
tenant, July 29, 1 86 1 ; honorably discharged, Oct. 20, 1862.

FRANK F. CARTTR, aged 27, Corporal Company A, May 27, 1861; Sergeant,—,
1862; Second Lieutenant Company G, Oct 2, 1863; wounded at the Battle of
Laurel Hill; mustered out June 23, 1864,

458

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

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Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols. ; discharged at expiration
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Discharged for disability.
Prisoner at Thoroughfare Gap ; detailed to the 5th Maine
Battery ; mustered out with the company.
Discharged for wounds received at the Battle of Antietam.
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Killed at the Battle of Antietam.
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KNAPP, WILLIAM A
LACOSTE, JAMES M
LAMLERTON. HENRY B

DENISON, HARVEY B
DONALDSON, SOVEREIGN A

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GRAHAM, THOMAS. . .
GRALEY, JOSEPH (). C.
GROGAN, THOMAS R. .

GUEST, BENJAMIN. . . .

HEGGEMAN, JAMES H.
HOBBY, JOHN H
HOLDEN, JAMES M. . .
HOWELL, GEORGE H. .
HOYT, JAMES H. .

DOWNING, JOHN A.
DUEY, JOHN E

DURAND, JAMES, JR
P^AITOUTE, JAMES B
FOY, WILLIAM.
GARDINER, AUGUST

1864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

461

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TOMLINS, JOHN
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DEDRICH, PAUL

DENARD, JAMES
DIXON, WILLIAM. . .
FISH, GEORGE I

GERRITTY, PATRICK.
GRANT, WILLIAM B. .

HAVEN, IRA G
HERPECK, Louis

HINDS, RORERT B. . . .
JACKSON, WILLIAM. .

JOHNSON, JAMES

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MORRISON, ALEXAND
MURRAY, JOHN

4<H

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

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PEATTIE, JOHN. .

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466 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

COMPANY H.
ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AND RECRUITS OF 1861 AND 1862.

CAPTAINS.

GEORGE TUTHILL, aged 36; Captain, May 24; resigned Nov. 21, 1861.

JOHN T. LOCKMAN, aged 26; Private Company C, April 19; First Lieutenant, Com
pany H, May 24; Captain, Nov. 25, 1861 ; resigned Sept. 23, 1862 ; see OFFICERS
PROMOTED FROM.

ISAAC E. HOAGLAND, aged 21 ; Private Company A, May 15, 1861 ; First Lieutenant
Company B, Jan. 2 ; Captain, Company H, Sept. 22, 1862 ; discharged for disabil
ity, Jan. 7, 1863.

HENRY A. VAN PELT, aged 24; Corporal, May 27, 1861 ; Sergeant, — ; First Lieuten
ant, Jan. 7 ; Captain, Dec. 18, 1863; honorably discharged April 17, 1864.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

ISAAC P. LOCKMAN, aged 29; Private, April 19; Corporal, May 24; Sergeant, June 8;
First Lieutenant, Nov. 25, 1861 ; resigned June 24, 1862 ; see OFFICERS PROMO
TED FROM.

FELIX HIRT, aged 30; Corporal Company B, May 27, 1861 ; Sergeant, — ; First
Lieutenant Company H, June 24; killed at the Battle of Fredericksburg Dec. 13,
1862.

HENRY C. BARNUM, aged 23 ; Private Company L, Sept. 9, 1861 ; Corporal, — ; Ser
geant, — ; Second Lieutenant, Oct. i, 1863; First Lieutenant Company H, Jan. 4 ;
mustered out June 23, 1864. In command of the company from April 17 to June
23, 1864.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

CHARLES E. TUTHILL, discharged by promotion ; see Field and Staff Officers.
JOHN CLEMENTS, aged 39; First Sergeant, May 27 ; Second Lieutenant, Oct. 3, 1861 ;

resigned Nov. i, 1862.
AUGUSTUS P. BUTLER, aged 36; Private Company C, May 27, 1861 ; Corporal, — ;

Sergeant, — ; Second Lieutenant Company A, Dec. 31, 1862; resigned July 30,

1863; re-commissioned Second Lieutenant, Company H, Oct. 22, 1863; mustered

out June 23, 1864.

1864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

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OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

469

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. . . Discharged for disability.
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. . . 'Discharged for disability.
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. . .Mustered out with the Company.
. . . (Mustered out with the Company.
...(Transferred from Company B June- -, 1861 ; killed at the
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97th N. Y. Vols.; discharged at expiration of term.
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. . . Discharged for disability.
. . . Discharged for disability.
. . . . Mustered out with the Company.
. . .'Color-Bearer; discharged for disability.
. . . Discharged for disability.
... \Vounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg; mustered out

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RESNAN, JEREMIAH.
REWER, GEORGE J.. .
ROCKNER, WILLIAM.

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URNS, PATRICK

URTIS, CLARENCE A.

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ustered out with the Company,
isoner near Spottsylvania May 18, 1864; discharged after
release from Andersonville prison.

scharged for disability,
ounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ; transferred to the

Vet. Res. Corps,
scharged by order of the War Dept.
ounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg ; discharged for
disability.

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scharged for disability,
schargecl by promotion ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
scharged by promotion; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
ounded at the Battle of the Wilderness ; transferred to the

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HEENAR, JAMES. . . .

KERNEY, CHARLES I
KNIGHT, THOMAS \\

MARTIN, FRANK C.
MAHNKEN, JOHN.. .

MAZE, AUGUSTUS B
McCouRT, HENRY..

MCDERMOTT, JOHN.
MCDERMOTT, THOM
MCGRATH, JOSEPH

MCLANE, JAMES
MILLER, WILLIAM..

MURPHY, MATTHEW

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O'NEILL, CHARLES.

PELTON, HENRY F.
PIERSON, IRA A
PINARD H. NELSON.

POILLON, CLARK C.
RUSSELL, WILLIAM

1864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

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in the Nat. Cemetery at Alexandria, grave No. 2026.
Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols.
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COWLES, MATTHE\\
DARRAH, GEORGE.

FOHRMAN, FERDIN
FORNEY, PATRICK.
GILES, GEORGE.. . .
GOODMAN, \VILLIA
JONES, WILLIAM. .
HAYDEN, JAMES. . .

JABBITT, JOSEPH. .

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OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

473

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474 THE NINTH NEW YORK. June

COMPANY I.
ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AND RECRUITS OF 1861 AND 1862.

CAPTAINS.

PETER J. CLAASSEN, aged 33 ; Captain, July 17, 1861 ; resigned May 22, 1862 ; see
OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

ENO J. CLAASSEN, aged 21; Second Lieutenant, July 17 ; First Lieutenant, Dec. 2,
1 86 1 ; Captain from May 22 to Nov. 30, 1862.

WILLIAM J. BARNES, aged 20; Private Company F, May 27, 1861 ; Color-Bearer at
Antietam and Fredericksburg ; Second Lieutenant Company I, Feb. 2; prisoner
at the Battle of Gettysburg, July i ; Captain, Oct. 3, 1863; (not mustered as cap
tain, having been held by the enemy) mustered out Jan. 5, 1865.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

GEORGE H. WHEATON, aged 24; First Lieutenant, July 17; resigned Dec. i, 1861 ;
see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.

GEORGE E. ALLEN, aged 28; Sergeant, July 17; Second Lieutenant, Dec. 31, 1861 ;
First Lieutenant, May 22, 1862; discharged for wounds received at the Battle of
Fredericksburg, March 10, 1863.

BENJAMIN F. BOWNK, aged 23; Corporal, July 17 ; Sergeant, Dec. 21, 1861 ; wounded
at the Battles of Antietam, Fredericksburg and Gettysburg, July i ; .First Lieu
tenant, Oct, i, 1863 ; wounded at the Battle of Spottsylvania, May 10 ; mustered
out June 23, 1864. In command of the company from Oct. 21, 1863, to May 10,
1864.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

JULIEN E. ALLIEN, aged 21 ; Corporal Company D.May 27; Ordnance Sergeant,
Nov. 24, 1861 ; Second Lieutenant, Company I, May 22; honorably discharged
Oct. 10, 1862.

THOMAS W. HIGGS, discharged by promotion ; see Officers of Company L.

JOHN W. McCORT, aged 18; Private Company A, Oct. 5, 1861 ; Corporal, — ; Ser
geant, — ; Second Lieutenant Company I, Jan. i ; mustered out June 23, 1864.

T864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

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OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

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BURKE, MICHAEL T. .

RVRD TOHN W

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CASEY, JOHN F
CHAMBERS, JAMES. . . .

COLES, JOHN H
CURTIN, DANIEI
DENNIS, ROBERT B..
DESMERETS, CHARI^

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JARVIS, RICHARD.. . .
JONES, SAMUEL B. . .
JORDON, JOHN P. ...
KENNEDY, PATRICK.

478

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

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RIKER, ROBERT L

Ross, JAMES
SHAW, GEORGE H.
SHORROCK, RALPF

STEWART, EDWAR

SWEET, HENRY. . .
TOWER, LUCIEN N
TRAINER, JOSEPH

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WATERHOUSE, ED

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YOUNGMAN, THEO

1864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE

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HYDROM, HENRY . .
JARVIS, HENRY. . .

JASSMAN, JOSEPH.
JONES, WILLIAM
KEELER, THOMAS
KOEING, PETER

KRASS, ENTON
LANGLOIS, -WILLIAM

LANIGAN, JOHN
LOCKE, JAMES
MARTHIES, AUGUSTUS...
MARTIN, MICHAEL
MAURICE, JOACHAM
MONTGOMERY, HENRY. . .
MONTO, DANIEL
MORGAN, HENRY

Moss, SIMON C
MURPHY, JOHN
NEDDO, BENJAMIN

1 864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

481

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THE MNTII AL\\ VOKK. June

COMPANY K.

"SIXTH NEW YORK INDEPENDENT BATTERY."
ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AND RECRUITS OF 1861 AND 1864.

CAPTAINS.

*THOMAS B BUNTING, aged 29; Private Co. D, 7th N. Y. S. M., Aug. 17, 1857;

Second Lieutenant Company K — , 1859; volunteered April 19, mustered into U.

;S. service April 26, mustered out June 3, 1861. Captain Co. K, 91)1 N. Y. S. M.,

from June 20, 1861 to Jan. 23, 1862.
WALTER M. BRAMHALL, aged 21 ; First Lieutenant June 20, 1861 ; wounded, "four

times," al the battle of Balls Bluff; Captain Jan 23, 1862 ; resigned Feb. 16, 1863,
JOSEPH \V. MARTIN, aged 22; Second Lieutenant, June 20. 1861 ; First Lieutenant*

Jan. 27, 1862; Captain, Feb. 16, 1863; honorably discharged Feb. 16, 1865.
MOSES P. CLARK, aged 24; Sergeant, June 15, 1861 ; Second Lieutenant, Jan. 27, 1862 :

First Lieutenant, Feb. 16, 1863; Captain, Feb. 18, mustered out July 8, 3865.

In command of the Company from Feb. i6th to July 8th, 1865, which was

mustered out in accordance with Order No. 105, of the War Department, dated

June 2, 1865.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

GEORGE BROWN, JR., aged 21; Corporal June 15, Sergeant Aug. 8, 1861 ; Second
Lieutenant Jan. 27, First Lieutenent Feb. 19, 1862; mustered out June 20, 1864.

J. WADE WILSON, aged 31; Private Sept. 17, 1861; Corporal,— — , — ; Sergeant,
Jan. 27, 1862; Second Lieutenant, Feb. 16, 1863; First Lieutenant, June 21, 1864;
mustered out July 8, 1865.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

WASHINGTON A. ROEBLING, aged 24; Private June 15, Sergeant June 21, 1861 ; Sec
ond Lieutenant, Jan. 23, 1862; discharged by promotion; see OFFICERS PRO
MOTED FROM.

STEPHEN W. CHURCH, aged 23; Private loth N. Y. Battery, March 17, 1862 ; Second
Lieutenant, Nov. i, 1863; transferred to "Sixth N. Y. Ind. Battery," June 21,
1864; honorably discharged April 7, 1865.

ARTHUR J. DEAR, aged 27 Second Lieutenant, June 21, 1864; mustered out July 8,
1865.

* Entered the Regular Army of the Republic of Guatemala; Captain and Chief of
Artillery Jan. 9, General of Brigade March 3, General of Division May 30, 1876; re
signed June 26, 1 88 1. Received the thanks of the Republic in general orders, "for
services rendered."

Ol: MCI A I, RECORD OF SERVICE.

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GEORGE SMITH

ARCHIBALD A. SNODG
JOHN H. STANTON. . .

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JOHN B. WINSLOW...

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1864

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

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cannons i*napei.

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o .

IT.

TAMES MONTGOMERY. .
F.DWARD ST. CLAIR Mo
GEORGE W. MOORE. . .
CHARLES C. MORRELL.
JOSEPH B. OLIVER

JOSEPH M. POTTER. . . .
GEORGE PRIESE
MICHAEL A. ROGERS..
DAVID WHEELER

ARTIFICER

AMOS A. DECKER
ADAM DUTROW
LUTHER HILVERTY....
FRANKLIN W. MOORE.
JAMES WILLIAMS

FARRIER?

ROBERT S. MOORE

BUGLERS

FREDERICK HAUCK...
JOHN HEATH
FRANK V. W. JEWELL.
JOHN W. MARTIN
JOHN POTTER
STEPHEN STRIEBEL

GUIDONS.

UEL FREEMAN
CORNELIUS H. MILLER

486

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

June

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. . . . [Discharged at expiration of term.
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. . . . jMustered out with the company.
Discharged to enlist in the ist New Hampshire Vols.
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. . . . Discharged at expiration of term.
. . . . * See foot note.
. . . . * See foot note.

. . . •. jMustered out with the comj)any.
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. . . .JMustered out with the company.
. . . . i* See foot note.
(10) Discharged at expiration of term.
. . . . Died of disease.
. Reenlisted Jan. 4, 1864; mustered out with the company.
. . . . !Died of accidental wounds.
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. . .. jDischarged at expiration of term.
. . . . * See foot note.
Killed at the Battle at Brock Road.
....Veteran volunteer; discharged at expiration of term ; see
Company I.
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AUER, JACOB
EATH, GEORGE. .

ENGSTENBACK, CH,

IGH, DANIEL A. . .

ILDRETH, WlLLIA:^

ILL, BENJAMIN W
ILL, GEORGE

)ASLY. ANDREW J.
>KI MAN, CHARLES

)Ki.\iAN, JOHN VV.
ORN, JOHN B

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KK.DHAM, CHARLES

KI'IML, FREDERICK
K.ONARD, CHARLES

E\'Y, LOUIS. . ....

EWIS, PATRICK. . .
JWNEY, WILLIAM.

ANGE, CHARLES. . .
ANN, GEORGE F. .

T1 Tl

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7.21

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SVM, JOHN W
THOMAS, CHARLES A
TRUSSLER, EDWARD
TRUSSLER, JUSTUS D'
TUCKER, AMOS
VAIL, CHARLES R. . .

M j? en j o- E: ± <j? Sg .

OFFICIAL RKCUKD' OK SKKVICE 493

COMPANY L.
ORIGINAL VOLUNTEERS AND RECRUITS OF 1861 AND 1862.

CAPTAINS.

ERASTUS R. MILLER, aged 33; First Lieutenant Company C, May 29; Captain Com
pany L, Sept. i, 1 86 1 ; honorably discharged Oct. 8, 1862.

HEi-JRY V. WILLIAMSON, discharged by promotion; see Field and Staff Officers.

JOHN I. VAN ALST, JR., aged 20 ; Private, Sept. 2 ; Corporal, Dec. 26, 1861 ; Sergeant,
Feb. 14; Sergeant-Major, June 2; First Lieutenant, Oct. i; Captain, Dec. 21,
1863; wounded at the Battle of Laurel Hill ; mustered out June 23, 1864. In
command of the company from Oct. 5, 1863 to May 8, 1864.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

A. MARTIN BURTIS, discharged by promotion ; see Field and Staff Officers.

ANDREW B. STILES, aged 19; Private Company D, May 27; Second Lieutenant
Company L, Sept. I, 1 86 1 ; First Lieutenant, July 21 ; resigned Dec. 28, 1862.

JOHN M. K. CONNOLLY, discharged by promotion ; see officers of Company A.

THOMAS W. HIGGS, aged 26; First Sergeant Company I, July 17, 1861 ; Second Lieu
tenant, Oct. 2; First Lieutenant Company L, Dec. 21, 1863; mustered out June
23, 1864.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

FlTZHUGH SMITH, aged 24; Private Company C, May 27 ; Corporal, June — , 1861 ;

Commissary Sergeant, Oct. 21; Second Lieutenant Company L.Dec. 17, 1862;

honorably discharged June 30, 1863.
HENRY C. BARNUM, discharged by promotion ; see Officers of Company H.

494

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

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1-r.r.rnl - Q«r,reor,t • v»8r.i;c*»/4 T

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•geant, — ; Died of wounds received at
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cellorsville; transferred to Co. A, 6t
Jan. 12, 1864 ; discharged at expiratii

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scharged for disability,
lied at the Battle of Fredericksburg.

scharged by promotion ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
scharged for disability,
lied at the Battle of Fredericksburg.
•ansferred to the 97th and to the 94th N. Y. Vols.
•ansferred for promotion ; see Non-Commissioned Staff
Officers.

Wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg; transferred to the
97th and to the 94th N. Y. Vols.; mustered out.
Transferred to the 2nd Vet. Res. Corps, Feb. 14, 1864; mus
tered out.

Reenlisted Feb. 9, 1864; transferred to the 97th N. Y.Vols. ;
Corporal, — ;• discharged at expiration of term.
Reenlisted Feb. 9, 1864; transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols. ;

i
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^c

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the Battles of Bull Run, 1862, and Antietam ;
d by promotion ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED

Jattle of Fredericksburg.
Jattle of Fredericksburg.
r disability.

scharged for disability,
scharged by promotion; see OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM.
scharged for wounds received at the Battle of Fredericks-

burg.
Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols. ; discharged for disability.
Transferred to the 97th N. Y. Vols. ; discharged at expiration
of term.

/•'

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CONNOR, CHARLES
CRAIG, WILLIAM A.. . .
CRANFORD, EDENEZER. .
CURTIS, WILLIAM
DAILEY, FREDERICK 15.
DARLING, WILLIAM H. .

*"l
CQ

PRIVAT]

AMES, CHARLES M. .
BAILEY, ALDEN B. . .
BAILEY, WILLIAM S

< 2

5 ^

tii

BROPHY, PATRICK J.
BROWN, SAMUEL . . .

BURNS, THOMAS
CALLAN, PATRICK. . .

COCHRANE, JOHN H.

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.

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CO. REMARKS. L.

I J

. I Wounded at the Battle of Antietam ; killed at the Battle of
Fredericksburg.
. Prisoner at the Battle of Gettysburg ; transferred to the 97th
N. Y. Vols. ; discharged for disability.
. Discharged for disability.
. Transferred to company B.
. Transferred to company B.
. Discharged for wounds received at the Battle of Antietam.
. Killed at the Battle of Fredericksburg.
. Transferred to company B.
. Discharged for disability.
. Discharged by promotion ; see OFFICERS PROMOTED
FROM.

. . Reenlisted from Company D, Feb. 14, 1864; transferred to
97th N. Y. Vols. ; discharged at expiration of term.
. . Transferred to the 97th and to the 94th N. Y. Vols.
Transferred to the 97th and to the 94th N. Y. Vols. June 18,
1864 ; mustered out.
. . Transferred to the 97th and to the 94th N. Y. Vols.
. . Wounded at the Battle of Antietam ; transferred to the 2nd
Battery U. S. A.
. . Discharged for wounds received at the Battle of Fredericks
burg.
Transferred to the Navy, " for service on the Mississippi
river."

Discharged for wounds received at the Battle of Bull Run,
1862.

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SIMPSON, JOHN
SKINNER, CHARLES
SMITH, GEORGE E
SMITH, WM. WALLACE. . .
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5O2 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1864

CHAPTER XXII.

REORGANIZATION IN 1864— TO 1869.

The Home Organization During the War. — Reorganization of the Regiment as the
NINTH N.G. S. N. Y. — 1864. — Celebrating Union Victories. — Funeral of President
Lincoln. — The NINTH Uniformed. — New Companies Formed. — 1866. — The
NINTH Occupies its New Armory. — Review and Drill of Third Brigade. — Fourth of
July. — General Hall in Command of First Division. — The New Company I. — Fall
Inspection. — Colors Presented by the State. — Colonel Wilcox's Reply. — Governor's
Day. — 1867. — Company G's Reception. — Chaplain Chapin's Lecture. — Celebrating-
the Departure for the War. — General Shaler in Command of the First Division. —
Fall Inspection Report. — 1868. — Washington's Birthday. — A New Uniform. —
Fall Inspection Report. — 1869. — Ball at Academy of Music. — Visit of the NINTH
to Stamford, Conn. — Resignation of Captain and ex-Colonel John W. Davis.

THE HOME ORGANIZATION DURING THE WAR.

"HE members of the regiment who did not enter the U. S.
service at the muster-in on June 8th, 1861, concluded to
form an organization for the purpose of keeping alive the
military spirit, and to look after the interests of the regiment in
the field and care for those who should return sick or wounded.
Eor this purpose Company C, " City Guard," which — notwith
standing the active company was in the field — still existed in the
city in a semi-social-military-capacity, was made use of as a
rallying point, with headquarters at 654 Broadway, where,
almost every evening, some of the members might be found.
Each week a drill was held and the members exercised in the
school of the soldier.

Correspondence was opened with a number of officers and
men at the war, and headquarters soon became a bureau of
information to those who had relatives or friends in the
regiment.

The home society, by this means, rendered valuable service

1864 TIIK HOME ORGANIZATION. 503

to the anxious ones, especially after the battles in which the
regiment was engaged. Headquarters also became the military
home of those who were in the city on furlough, or who had
been honorably discharged from the regiment.

On April 23, 1862, the Legislature passed an act changing
yhe name of the State troops from Militia to NATIONAL GUARD.

The following orders show what official action was taken in
rhe reorganization of the home regiment :

New York, Aug. i8f/i, 1862.
GENERAL ORDER, J
No. — . (

In compliance with Section 13 of the Militia Law (Col. J. W. Stiles, commanding
f.he NINTH Regiment, being now on duty with said Regimental the seat of war) Capt.
J. W. Davis, commanding Company 1) of said Regiment, will, until further orders,
assume command of the NINTH Regimental District, and assign such line officers of said
Regiment as may he in the city, and supernumerary line officers, or non-commissioned
officers, to take command of the several company districts of said Regiment, and
give to them the necessary notices for the Annual Parade, and make due returns or
roster thereof, pursuant to Section 13 of the Militia Law. Capt. Davis will forthwith
make a return of the appointments aforesaid to the Brigadier-General at his quarters,
543 Broadway.

By order of

WM. HALL,
Brigadier-General, yi Brigade,

N. Y. S. 'Militia.

HEADQUARTERS 9TH REGT. N. V. N. G.,

21 U'cst 14//1 Street, N. Y. City,

Aug. 19, 1862.
GENERAL ORDERS, \
No. i. (

SIR : — In obedience to above order you are appointed to the command of Company
F District, bounded by 34th and 401)1 streets and Lexington and Second avenues.

You will at once cause the notices enclosed to be posted up in three prominent
places in the said district, and on the first Monday in September, at ten o'clock A. M.,
appear in uniform at the district rendezvous and take the names of such persons liable to
military duty, as may appear, and send the same to these headquarters without delay.

By order,

CAPT. J. W. DAVIS,

Commanding .

HENRY S. BROOKS,

Acting Adjutant.
To Lieut. CHAS. R. BRAINE,

9/// Reg't. N Y. N. G.

504 THE MXTII NEW YORK. 1864

HEADQUARTERS 30 BRIO. N. Y. S. M.,

AVw Fw-X-, Oct. 17, 1862.
SPECIAL ORDER, )

No. — . {

John W. Davis, Captain Company I), commanding Qth Regt. N. Y. N. G., is hereby
directed to order such portions of the Regiment that are not away with the 83d N.
Y. Vols. to parade for inspection at the Drill Room, cor. Thirteenth Street and
University Place, on Thursday, 3Oth inst., at three o'clock P. M.

By order,

WM. HALL,

Brig. -Gen. Comdg. yi Brig.
W. PEARSALL,

A. D. C.

HEADQUARTERS QTH RK<;T. N. Y. N. G.,

AV«> York, Oct. 1 8, 1862.
GEN. ORDERS, }

No. 2 f

SIR : — In compliance with above order, you will assemble, without arms, such
members of your company as are not on duty with the 83(1 Regt. N. Y. Vols., in
fatigue dress, or such portions thereof as may be in their possession, or in citizen's
dress, at the place appointed at two o'clock P. M.

You will also bring a memorandum of such arms and equipments belonging to the
State, as may be in possession of your Company, together with a register of your com
mand. All enrolled members unaccounted for will be considered as having left the
Regiment, and their names will be handed to the Commissioner of Jurors.

By order,

CAPT. JOHN W. DAVIS,
Commanding .

HENRY S. BROOKS,

Acting Adjutant.
To Lieut. CHAS. R. BRAINE,

Comdg . Company F g//i J\cgt. A'. )'. .V. G.

[CIRCULAR.]

HEADQUARTERS QTH REGT. N. Y. N. G.,

A'i'zv York, Nov. i, 1862.

SIR : — The Captain commanding desires me to state to you, that he has with pleasure
learned from Brig. -Gen. Hall, that he lias proper authority to countersign members
certificates.

Your company may therefore be filled up in accordance with the several provis
ions of the Militia La'.v of the State, passed April 23, 1862. /// doing so you will,
however, use due care that you do not infringe on tlte rights of any officer or mem
ber absent at the seat of war.

I am, sir,

Your obedient servant,

HENRY S. BROOKS,

I.ieitt. and Act Adjutant.

COLONEL JOHN W. DAVIS.

1 864 ORDKRS. 505

HEADQUARTERS 9TH REGT. N. Y. N. G..

New York, Oct. 31. 1862.
SPECIAL ORDER, )
No. i. \

A meeting of the Commissioned Officers of this Regiment will be held at the
Armory, corner of University Place and Thirteenth Street, on Friday evening, Nov
ember 7th, at eight o'clock, to take measures for the welfare of that part of the com
mand remaining in the city.

By order,

CAPT. JOHN \V. DAVIS,

Commanding .
HENRY S BROOKS,

Lieut, and Actg. Adjt.

Early in 1863 four more companies, A, D, E and F, had
been partially formed. In July, during the draft riots, a
detachment of the NINTH VKTERANS, under the command of
ex-Lieutenant-Colonel Rutherford, guarded the property of
the U. S. Government stores at Nos. 90 and 108 Franklin
Street :*

In the following Order the Adjutant-General directed the
.election of field officers, etc:

GENERAL HEADQUARTERS STATE OF NEW YORK,

Adjutant-General's Office,

Albany, July -21th, 1863.

SPECIAL ORDERS, }
No. 443. (

Major-General Charles W. Sanford, commanding First Division, National Guard of
the State of New York, is hereby directed to fill up all vacancies in the NINTH Regi
ment N. G. S. N. Y.

He will direct an election to be held for field officers, and report the same to this de
partment.

By order of the Commander-in-Chief,

JOHN T. SI'RAGUE,

Adjutant-General.

Above Order was promulgated from First Division Head
quarters July 29, 1863, and by Gen Order, No. 2, from Head
quarters of the NINTH Regiment on July 30, 1863.

The election was held on Friday, Aug. 7, 1863, at the
Division Armory, corner White and Elm Streets, at four o'clock
P. M.; resulting in the choice of Capt. John W. Davis for
Colonel ; ex-Lieut.-Colonel Allan Rutherford for Lieut-

506 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1864

Colonel ; Lieut. Charles R. Braine for Major. Henry S. Brooks
was appointed Adjutant, and Abner Mellen, Quartermaster.
The line officers were :

Company A, Captain Wm. J. Vreclenburgh ; First Lieu
tenant, Alexander McCook; Second Lieutenant, Charles C.
Reed. Company C, Captain, John P. Newkirk; First Lieu
tenant, David Banks, Jr.; Second Lieutenant, Henry C.Jones.
Company D, Captain Ralph A. Lanning. Company E,
Captain Henry C. Smith ; First Lieutenant, John Meeks, Jr.
Company F, Captain Charles S. Strong.

Several of the line officers held commissions issued previous
to the war, but the others — -and the entire field and staff — were
not commissioned, because of the fact that the register of the
NINTH Regiment was already filled by the officers in the field.
The headquarters of the regiment was established in the
rooms of Company C, 654 Broadway. It would be difficult
to determine the exact status of this home organization, but
in its semi-official condition it existed until the return of the
regiment, when a thorough reorganization was effected.

On the 5th of February, 1864, Colonel Davis withdrew as
Colonel elect, and on March igth an election was held to
fill the vacancy, resulting in the choice of John H. Wilcox, then
Colonel and Inspector-General of the First division, N. G.,
S. N. Y. On June i3th Orders, No 10, from brigade head
quarters formally announced the result.

When the " war " regiment returned enough of the vet
erans were found willing to form another company — G — which
was soon increased by the enlistment of others, and ex-Major
Dabney W. Diggs was elected Captain, Gilbert S. King First
Lieutenant, and Benjamin F. Martin Second Lieutenant, on
July 2 /th.

During the Summer and Fall the matter of reorganizing the
regiment, and having it again resume a position among the
regiments of the National Guard was industriously canvassed.
Neither uniforms, arms nor equipments had been furnished
to but few of the members, and when, on October 24th, the

ru-

COL. AND B'Y'T BRTG.-GEN. JOHN H. WILCOX.

1 865 ASSASSINATION' OF LINCOLN.

507

battalion appeared for inspection they mostly wore citizen's
clothes; only one hundred and five, out of a total of two
hundred and eleven, were even present. On the I4th of
December Company B was reorganized, and elected James R.
Hitchcock, Captain, William Farrell, First, and Robert B.
Martin, Second Lieutenant.

On the 1 6th of the month Company A of the Eighth regi
ment (organized in 1812, and known as the State Fencibles),
commanded by Captain James O. Johnston, was, by Special
Order, No. 598, A. G. O., transferred to the NINTH, and lettered
H. This company was a valuable addition. The Lieutenants
were Henry C. Barwis and Robert B. Young.

On February i5th, 1865, by virtue of General Order, No. i,
of that date, Morris' (Brig.-Gen. Win. H.) tactics were adopted
for the National Guard.

On the 6th of March the First division paraded in
celebration of the Union victories at Fort McAllister ;
Savannah ; Fort Sumter ; Charleston ; Fort Fisher ; Wilming
ton ; and Columbia. The glorious news from Appomattox in
April stirred the hearts of the men of the NINTH, and when,
a few days later, came the terrible announcement of Lincoln's
assassination and death, they, in common with the whole
country, mourned the Nation's loss.

The following Order was issued to the Army of the

Potomac :

HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE POTOMAC.

April\dth, 1865.
GENERAL ORDERS, )
No. 15. \

The Major-General Commanding announces to the Army that official intelligence
has been received of the death, by assassination, of the President of the United States.
The President died at 7.22, on the morning of the I5th instant.

By this Army, this announcement will be received with profound sorrow, and dee])
horror and indignation. The President by the active interest he ever took in the
welfare of this Army, and by his presence in frequent visits, especially during the
recent operations, had particularly endeared himself to both officers and soldiers, all of
whom regarded him as a generous friend.

An honest man. a noble patriot, and sagacious statesman has fallen ! No greater loss,
at this particular moment, could have befallen our country. Whilst we bow with sub
mission to the unfathomable and inscrutable decrees of Divine Providence, let us

508 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1865

earnestly pray that God, in his infinite mercy, will so order, that this terrible calamity
shall not interfere with the prosperity and happiness of oar beloved country!

GEO. G. MEADE,

Major-General, Commanding .

On the 25th of April the regiment (eight companies)
participated in the funeral parade in honor of the dead
President. All the officers managed to appear in uniform, but
Company H was the only one in which the rank and file so
appeared, and to that company was assigned the honor of
guarding- the colors. This was the first parade of the reo-J-

O O 1 O

ment since its return from the war the previous year.

During the summer some four hundred uniforms, together

O O

with arms and equipments were issued by the State, and the
members of the NINTH once more appeared "clothed and in
their right mind." On September 2-;nd, Company E under
went another reorganization, electing John T. GafTney Captain,
and Joseph McDonald First Lieutenant. On the 25th of
October the first muster and inspection in dress uniform, since
1 86 1, was held at the State Arsenal ; three hundred and fifty-
six being present and only sixty-four absent. The 24th of
November was " Governor's Day," Governor Reuben E. Fen-
ton reviewing the First division from the balcony of the Fifth
Avenue Hotel. A number of the war veterans having joined
Company D, ex-Colonel John W. Davis was induced to again
accept the Captaincy, while Daniel W. Lee and John S.
Stryker were elected Lieutenants, on December i2th.

The military year of 1866 opened with a drill on the
evening of January 25th, and on the i6th of April the NINTH
occupied its new armory on West Twenty-sixth Street. On
Monday, May 28th, the fifth anniversary of the departure for
the war was celebrated by a parade, eight companies of four
teen files being in line. The column was reviewed at the City
Hall by Mayor John T. Hoffman. In the evening a concert
was given by the Veterans, at which the officers of the regi
ment presented Colonel Wilcox and wife with an elegant floral
piece — the figure Q encircled with twenty-seven rosebuds.

On June i3th the Third brigade, General William Hall

1866 PRESIDENT ANDREW JOHNSON. 509

commanding, proceeded to East New York for inspection and
drill. The NINTH turned out three hundred muskets, and
arrived upon the ground at ten o'clock — the first regiment to
appear. At noon the officers were driven to Snedecor's Hotel,
Jamaica, for dinner. Upon reassembling ac half-past one, on
account of a rain-storm, the drill was postponed till about three
o'clock, when the movements were executed and witnessed by
a concourse of nearly four thousand people.

On the 24th of the month Captain Gaffney, late of Com
pany E, was buried, Companies E and H turning out as escort.

The 4th of July was duly celebrated by the usual parade of
the First division, and as was general on such occasions, the
regiments most prompt at the rendezvous had to do a great
deal of waiting before the line was put in motion. Major
Ralph A. Landing was in command of the NINTH. During
the visit of President Andrew Johnson to the city the regiment
paraded on August 29th to do honor to the Chief Magistrate.
In September orders were issued from the Adjutant-General's
office, placing upon the supernumerary list Major-General San-
ford, who had served since April 24th, 1818, and Brigadier-Gen
eral Hall, whose service dated from June I4th, 1827.

On the 5th of October the regiment was inspected. On
the loth Company I, " Veterans," composed wholly of those
who held discharges from the U. S. Volunteer Service, was
organized — or reorganized — with John Dalrymple as Captain,
and John I. Van Alst, Jr., and Eugene Durnin, Lieutenants.

At an inspection of the division, held on the igth at Tomp-
kins Square, there were present with the regiment four
hundred and eighty-four men, out of a total enrollment of six
hundred and eighty-five. According to the report of the
Inspector-General, there were at this time, twenty-four regi
ments of infantry in the First division, divided into four bri
gades, and at this inspection there was present eight hundred
and twenty-seven officers, and nine thousand five hundred and
sixty-eight rank and file; the absentees numbered two hundred
and forty-six officers and three thousand eight hundred and
seventy-one men ; total, fourteen thousand five hundred and

510 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1866

twelve. Brigadier-General Lloyd Aspinwall was in command
of the division at this time, and Colonel Joshua M. Varian, of
the Eighth regiment, was in command of the brigade.

Below is the report of Colonel J. H. Liebenau, the A. A.
I. G., of the condition of the NINTH :

Reviewed and inspected this regiment at Tompkins Square. They turned out with
full ranks, and made a fine appearance, showing, as they do, a much more decided im
provement in numbers over last year's inspection, than any other regiment of the divi
sion; this fact is largely to the credit of officers and men.

The material of the regiment is equal to any, and is in the hands of good field and
company officers, who seem to fully realize the responsibility of their several positions,
and who express a determination to relax no effort to bring the command up equal in
drill to any in the division.

The regiment is handsomely uniformed, and were accompanied by their regimental
band, an entirely new organization, who gave evidence that a very short time would
elapse before they assumed a position second to none of the regimental bands of the
.division.

Too much honor cannot be awarded the field and company officers for the
untiring exertions made by them to build up this regiment, and I heartily congratulate
them upon the success which has attended these efforts. The arms are in good order
and are properly cared for.

On the 29th of the month the NINTH paraded nine com
panies of seventeen files, at the State Arsenal, to receive a
stand of colors from the State. The building was crowded
with the friends of the regiment, and when line was formed, it
occupied nearly the whole of the four sides of the drill-room.
Colonel Gebhard of the Governor's staff presented the colors,
upon receiving which Colonel Wilcox made the following
reply :

SIR : — Permit me, on behalf of the NINTH Regiment, in receiving this beautiful stand
of colors from the State authorities to-night, to express through you their appreciation
of these honorable tokens, accompanied by sentiments of grateful appreciation of their
services in defending the nation's honor upon the battle-field. The Veterans of the
NINTH regiment are here to-night, still identified with this organization, and hear
your words of gratitude with joy ; and they, with the recruits, and every member
of this organization, thank you for these memorials of what they have done in the past,
and they will ever prize this generous recognition of their services by the State for
whom they fought and their comrades fell. We accept, Sir, these colors in sacred trust.
In our hands those emblematic Stars and Stripes, crossed with the inscriptions of battle
fields, shall remain sacred and inviolate. A regimental organization which sent into
the service at the outbreak of war 1,000 men, and at its close mustered out less than

3867 RECEPTION AND LECTURE. 51 I

100 men, need not these battle-inscriptions upon their banners to remind them of duty
nobly clone in the past! or to inspire them to heroism in the future. Bloody scenes of
strife for duty at Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Laurel Hill, and Spottsylvania,
are engraved on their hearts, and their strong arms are as ready now as then to defend
the nation's honor under this glorious standard and their old regimental motto, " Ratione
ant vi."

Governor's Day was on the 26th of November, and the di
vision, under command of General Aspinwall, was reviewed at
the Worth Monument on Broadway. On December 6th, by
Special Orders, No. 353, A. G. O., Company F, of the Thirty-
seventh regiment, was transferred to the NINTH and lettered K.
The officers were : Captain George W. Lyon, and Lieu
tenants Charles O! Terry and Francis F. Stone. The NINTH
now had ten good companies and recruiting was constantly
going on to fill them to the maximum.

1867.

Company G's reception on the 22nd of January opened the
year's round of work and festivity. In the early part of the
evening Colonel Wilcox, on behalf of Mrs. Diggs, wife of the
Captain, presented the company with a handsome flag ; then
followed a drill, after which music and dancing kept the
members and their friends busy till four o'clock in the morning.
It was a most enjoyable affair. On the evening of Washing
ton's birthday, the Chaplain of the regiment, E. H. Chapin,
D. D., delivered a lecture at the Cooper Institute ; the sub
ject, " Roll of Honor ; or, The Citizen Soldier," was ably
handled, and the eloquent divine was listened to by a large
and appreciative audience, composed mainly of members of the
NINTH and their friends.

A battalion drill took place in April, and the next im
portant event was the sixth anniversary of the departure for
the war. The regiment turned out ten companies of twenty-
two files, and marched to the City Hall, passing in review before
Mayor Hoffman, first in common time, and on the return, at a
quick step.

The Mayor then, on behalf of the city and county, pre
sented the regiment with a stand of colors.

512 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1867

From the reply of Colonel Wilcox, the following extract,
copied from the Mercury, is given :

This regiment, assembled to-day to celebrate the anniversary of its departure for
Washington, to take part in defending the nation's honor during the late rebellion,
appreciates this suggestive incident of an occasion which generously recognizes a dis
charge of duty in the past. On behalf of the veterans whose hearts you have warmed
by your eloquent expressions of sympathy and encouragement, and the members of
this present command, present to express their appreciation of these memorials, and
in thanking the Mayor and Commonalty of the city and the Board of Supervisors of
the county, allow me to say that these flags will inspire us with memories of the past,
and strengthen our hands for future duty. We accept these tokens of honor, and shall
guard them vigilantly and faithfully.

In the evening a reception was given at the armory, the
occasion being graced by the presence of many prominent
military men, among whom were General Aspinwall and staff,
General Varian and staff, General Hall, Mayor Hoffman,
Commander Bralne, U. S. N., and representatives from other
regiments of the National Guard.

On June 5th a brigade drill was held in Tompkins Square,
and the regiments were exercised in percussion cap firing.

The NINTH turned out four hundred and sixty-seven,
officers and men.

Major-General Alexander Shaler had been appointed to the
command of the First division of the National Guard, an
appointment which was well merited, as the General had been
in active service during the entire war ; first as Lieutenant-
Colonel, and then Colonel of the Sixty-fifth New York volun
teers ; he was made a Brigadier-General in 1863, and brevetted
Major-General at the close of the war, for " gallant and merito
rious services." The parade of the division on the 4th of July
was the General's first appearance at the head of his new
command. The NINTH, under command of Lieutenant-Col
onel Braine, assembled at the armory before six o'clock in the
morning, and paraded with ten companies of fifteen files each.
The brigades formed on the streets between Twelfth and
Sixteenth Streets, with the right resting on Fifth Avenue, each
falling into line in turn. The parade was a masterly success,
each command being prompt in responding to the orders.

1863 MILITIA SUBDUED THE REBELLION. 513

The regiment was not called out again until October, when
an inspection took place, at which three hundred and ninety-
two, out of a total of five hundred and forty-one, were present.
Governor's Day, in November, was duly celebrated, the Brook
lyn regiments joining their New York comrades in the parade.
The following extract from the report of the State Adjutant-
General, Selden E. Marvin, dated December 3 ist, is worthy of
insertion here :

RELATION OF THE MIUTIA TO THE UNITED STATES.

The relations of the former are always important. No war has thus far been carried
on except by means of the militia, either through primitive organizations, or by volunteers
from the great body. That great rebellion, which so recently threatened the national life,
was subdued by the militia, and at what cost, not only the stately monuments in
national cemeteries proclaim, but also the thousands of solitary and unnoticed hillocks,
beneath which rest the remains of armies of citizen soldiers, who poured out their life
blood to save their country. How many of these lives might have been saved, had
there existed a more perfect organization at the outset, cannot be determined ; but all
confess that tens of thousands of lives, and millons on millions of treasure, were use
lessly lost, because our citizens had forgotten that, in a great and noble sense, they were
also soldiers ; and thus forgetful, had despised the warnings and derided the efforts of
those who had attempted to secure even a scanty organization and encourage a mili
tary zeal.

This prolongation of the war. with all its vast and incalculable sacrifices and losses,
was one lesson, apparently too sad, too mournful, too heavily burdened with remorse,
to be readily forgotten ; and if forgotten, then experience is indeed worthless, and history
repeats itself in errors only because a stolid world refuses to learn from the past.

1868.

During the month of January division drills were held
nightly at the armory. Washington's birthday was celebrated
by a Soiree Dansante at the armory, which was largely attended,
and amono- the invited guests were several officers from the

<j o

Spanish war vessel Tctuau. During the month of March,
several wino- drills were held. At a meeting on the 2Oth of

o o

April, the matter of a uniform was discussed, the majority
voting in favor of dress coats. On the 2/th a battalion drill
was held. On the afternoon of May 22nd the regiment was
drilled in Tompkins Square.

The 27th of the month was duly celebrated at the armory,
It being the seventh anniversary of the departure for the war.

514 TIIt: NINTH NEW YORK. 1868

On the Sth of June Major Strong resigned, and upon bal
loting for his successor, Adjutant William Sevvard, Jr., was
unanimously elected. On the 22nd a brigade drill was held in
Tompkins Square.

On July 4th the regiment assembled at six A. M. and par
ticipated in the parade in honor of the day. In order to fill the
vacancy caused by the promotion of Adjutant Sewarcl,
Adjutant Edgar S. Allien, of the Fifty-fifth regiment, was
transferred to that position in the NINTH on the i5th of
August.

On the Sth of October the regiment was reviewed and in
spected by the Commissary-General and A. A. Inspector in
Tompkins Square. Three hundred and eighty, out of four
hundred and eighty-eight, were present. Annexed is the
report of Colonel Liebenau :

The ceremony of review was well executed ; in the standing review the men were
steady as statues, the alignments of officers and men were perfect, while the rank of
file closers were as steady and attentive as the front rank. I notice this latter fact, be
cause so few officers are careful to instruct the sergeants in this portion of their duties,
and consequently, it is not often that the reviewing officer has the pleasure of being re
ceived in rear of a command with the respect he is entitled to. This, in the case of
this regiment, was a noticeable feature. The marching review was all that could be
desired ; the salutes of the officers were, without exception, good ; distance and align
ments well observed, and the men careful and steady. In closing the review everything
was properly executed ; and, as a whole, the review of this regiment was the best of
any yet witnessed by me.

The regiment has lately adopted white belts. This is an improvement. The com
mand in their lively uniform, and with their soldier-like bearing, attracted universal
attention.

The regiment is in a good state of discipline. The Colonel is a zealous, hard
working and efficient officer, and in his efforts to make his command second to none,
he is ably aided by his associate field, as well as his company officers.

On the 5th of January, 1869, the NINTH gave a grand ball
at the Academy of Music. The building was crowded to its
utmost capacity by a fashionable and delighted company.
Among the noted guests present were General McDowell and
staff, and Generals Hartsuff, Robert Anderson and Henry
Benton, of the regular army. The National Guard was well

1869 J5AI.L AT THE ACADKMV OF .MUSIC. 515

represented by a host of gaily uniformed officers, and the
ladies vied with each other in their attentions to the gallant
guardsmen and army officers. Wering's and Diller's bands,
under Grafulla's general leadership, discoursed both concert
and dancing music, and it was "four in the morning" before

o *>

the lights were turned out and the tired but happy hosts and
guests repaired to their homes.

The winter and spring months were devoted to a strict
attention to drill, a full dress inspection taking place on the
loth of May. The 2/th was celebrated by a parade in the
afternoon, the line being reviewed by the Mayor at the City
Hall.

The 4th of July falling on Sunday, the parade occurred on
5th, the column being reviewed by the Mayor from the
Traveller's Club house, while a reviewing stand, erected at the
Worth Monument, contained a large number of army officers
and distinguished citizens.

The people of Stamford, Conn., having invited the NINTH
to visit their town on the 2/th, and the invitation having been
accepted, the regiment assembled at the armory at an early
hour, and at seven o'clock boarded the steamboat Stamford,
at the foot of east Twenty-sixth Street. Grafulla's band
enlivened the trip with choice selections. Upon reaching the
Stamford landing, a committee of citizens came on board, and
their spokesman, Warden George L. Lownds, formally re
ceived the regiment, and tendered them, on behalf of the
people, a hearty welcome to their town. Upon line being
formed on the dock, another welcoming speech was made by
Burgess W. C. Hoyt, after which the procession, headed by
the town officials and committee, marched through the town,
to the West Park, where it arrived just before noon. After
being drawn up in line the regiment was addressed by James
H. Olmstead, Esq., Chairman of the Citizens Committee, and
which we copy from the Stamford Advocate, as follows :

Colonel. Officers and Members of the gth Reg. of N. Y. S. N. G. : It is my pleas
ant duty, in behalf of the citizens of Stamford, to extend to you a hearty welcome.
When our country is assailed by an armed foe, and the flag of liberty, dear to

THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1869

every American heart dishonored, we cannot forget that it is to the militia of the
States that \ve must first look as the bulwark of the nation.

We cannot forget that, in any sudden emergency, we must rely upon their
strong arms and deadly aim for the protection of all that is near and dear to us.

It is, therefore, meet that, upon every appropriate occasion, we show that respect
and reverence for our citizen soldiery that we are accustomed to manifest towards
public benefactors.

But especially is it appropriate on this occasion, when we remember that we are
honored by the presence of a regiment from our sister State, whose members did not
hesitate, when their country called, to leave their work-shops, their counting-rooms,
their offices, their homes and pleasant firesides, and their dear ones, to peril their
lives, if need be, that the nation might live.

When we remember that this regiment now with us, has already gallantly upheld
the flag of the nation, amidst the fire and smoke and carnage of the battle-fields of
Antietam, Gettysburg, and the Wilderness, and recorded itself a name on the pages of
our country's history, of which we, as Americans, and our children, and our children's
children, may justly be proud.

Any tribute of respect, therefore, which we may be able to show you, men of the
NINTH, on this occasion, anything we can do to make your visit among us pleasant and
agreeable, will very inadequately repay the debt of gratitude which we, as citizens of a
common country, owe to you, its valiant defenders.

We, therefore, thank you for this opportunity of showing our appreciation of your
noble services in behalf of our beloved country.

We trust that, in after life, you may look back to this day as a day full of pleas
ing memories, and permit me to hope that any victories you imy this day obtain, as
soldiers, may be over the hearts of the fair ladies of Stamford, and that you will win
them as gallantly as any victory you have ever achieved on the battle-field.

We again extend to you a cordial welcome.

Colonel Wilcox replied briefly, on behalf of the NINTH.
The line was then re-formed and passed through several streets,
which were gaily decorated, to Concert Hall, where arms were
stacked.

A banquet had been spread in Seely's Hall, to which the
men were soon called by the drum corps beating " Peas upon a
trencher." The dinner was a good one, and the soldiers fully
satisfied the citizens that they appreciated the efforts made to
entertain them.

The Stamford paper further states :

The officers of the NINTH, the committee, and members of the metropolitan press
were invited to the residence of Alex. McKenzie, Esq., on Washington Avenue. Here
a pleasant hour was spent in social intercourse, in the society of a number of ladies
who worthily represented the feminine beauty, grace and refinement of which our town
can boast, and in enjoying Mr. McKenzie's boundless hospitality. The choicest vintage
of " Cliquot " as provided for those who chose to partake, and appropriate senti-

1869 VISIT TO STAMFORD, CO NX. c\j

merits were proposed and drank with the enthusiasm for which soldiers especially are
famous. Among the toasts were " The Ladies," responded to in their behalf by Col.
Chesebrough ; " The New York Press," was fitly responded to by Major G. Forrister
Williams, than whom a more courteous gentleman or more graceful writer it has not
been our privilege to meet. " The Officers of the NINTH Regiment " was proposed and
was appropriately responded to by Col. Wilcox. " The Citizens Committee " was elo
quently responded to by Mr. J. H. Olmstead. The "Stamford Advocate" was also
honored with a toast, which was appropriately responded to. " Our Host " was of
course not forgotten, and in response to the toast Mr. McKenzie eloquently and feel
ingly expressed his good will to tlvj gallant New York troops, and gave a brief but
very interesting history of his connection with the force for many years past. Among
the prominent citizens present, besides the committee, we noticed Isaac Quintard, Esq.,
and the Hon. Trueman Smith.

After the return from Mr. McKenzie's, the officers of the NINTH sat down to a dinner
in the Stamford House, specially tendered them by the citizens. There were present
at the dinner besides the officers, the citizens committee, the borough officers, mem
bers of the local press, and representatives of the New York Herald, Times, Tribune,
and the Army and Navy Journal. Among the civilians present were Messrs. Ros-
well Hoyt, S. H. Nye, Robert Harper, Wm. Hoyt, Jr., James H. Olmstead, Seaman
Miller, P. S. Jacobs, Thos. H. H. Messinger, Chas. H. Scofield, Charles Jones, N. E.
Adams, \Vm. C. Hoyt, Edward Phillips, G. B. Glenclinning, S. C. Brown, Alexander
Weed, and Charles Gaylor, all of Stamford. Among the New Yorkers present we
noticed Charles Wann, Esq., J. T. Robin, Esq., Mr. William Hill, a veteran soldier,
and Mr. Fred. R. Gillespie, of 240 Front Street. When the substantial portion of the
dinner was duly disposed of, the " feast of reason and the flow of soul " (simultaneous
with the flow of champagne) commenced. Speeches were made by Col. Wilcox,
James H. Olmstead, Gen. Varian of the Third Brigade, Major Blauvelt, and others.
The Major spoke of the good results which could not fail to proceed from such social
reunions as the present. He said that meetings like these between the soldiers and
citizens of different States would tend to encourage the national feeling, and make us
forget that there are States, but that we are all citizens and defenders of a common
country. In response to the toast, " The Veterans of the Regiment," Capt. Blaney
was called on, and in replying gave a brief history of the regiment in the war. This
history is sufficiently indicated by the names inscribed on the regimental banner, as
follows: " Harper's Ferry," " Cedar Mountain," "Thoroughfare Gap," " Chantilly,"
" Antietam," " Fredericksburg," " Chancellorsville," "Gettysburg," "Wilderness,"
" Cold Harbor." Out of 292 men at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the regiment lost
130. While the dinner was in progress Col. Remmey, of the 22nd, entered the room,
and was warmly greeted by his comrades in arms. The Colonel being called on made
an excellent speech, and his manner made a very favorable impression on those who
saw him there for the first time, while his high position in the regard of his brother
officers was sufficiently attested by their enthusiasm.

During the afternoon, Mr. Leeds of the Depot livery stables, started out several of
his wagons, and many of the soldiers availed themselves of the opportunity to visit
Shippan Point and other places of interest in the neighborhood of the village. Several
of the men spent the time in visiting friends in town, and the way some of " them fel
lows " got acquainted with our young men and maidens (especially the latter) was a
caution to witness. On nearly every street the gay uniforms could be seen, often
accompanied by young ladies in white muslin, and in every case, whether with or

518 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1869

without lady companions, conducting themselves like gentlemen, as they were. In
fact, the courteous and soldierly bearing of the men has been the occasion of universal
complimentary remarks, and nothing whatever occurred during the clay or evening to
detract from this estimate of their character.

From four to five o'clock in the afternoon the band gave an excellent concert in the
Park, and at live a dress-parade of the regiment took place, which was witnessed with
much interest and pleasure by the people.

A concert and hop in Seely's Hall, in the evening, was attended by the largest
crowd we ever saw gathered in Stamford on any similar occasion. The large hall was
so crowded that the dancers had scarcely room to go through the sets, and the
extreme heat of the weather sacrificed scores of paper collars, and caused a run on the
ice cream that " such a getting up stairs " on the part of the waiters " you ne'er did
see." The music, as might be expected from Grafulla's band, was exquisite, and was
largely selected from the latest and most popular operas. The dresses of many of the
ladies were superb, and the rich silks, satins, laces and diamonds of the ladies, and
the brilliant uniforms of the soldiers flashing amid the mazes of the dance, formed a
kaleidoscope of beauty such as Seely's Hall has perhaps never before witnessed. A
peculiar feature was the presence of representatives of all the respectable classes of
our people, who for the first time being mingled together, forgetting apparently all
social distinctions. It is to be regretted that such reunions are so infrequent. As
conducted on the occasion of which we speak they could do no harm, and would not
fail to be productive of much good. A large number of ladies and gentlemen from
New York were present, and all enjoyed an occasion long to be remembered with
pleasure.

During the afternoon Hon. Win. M. Tweed, King of Manhattan Island, with his
staff, arrived at the scene. Immediately after the dress-parade the club took rooms at
the Stamford House, and, having stocked it with the best the house could afford, com
menced a scene of jollity with which the citizens of our quiet town were totally unac
quainted. Glees, songs and Indian war cries, known and probably appreciated in
Indian Harbor, with other strange and incoherent noises were wafted on the balmy
air of the evening. When the dancing commenced, however, the members of the club
were found to have entirely changed, or forgotten their wonted hilarity and appeared
in a gentlemanly demeanor to trip it on the light fantastic with the ladies in the Hall.
The graceful movements of the Americus (club) boys were admired and spoken of fre
quently during the evening.

The dancing in the Hall closed a little after 1 1 o'clock, and the regiment immedi
ately prepared for their departure. Even at that late hour many citizens accompa
nied the men to the dock. About 12 o'clock the boat moved off amid mutual hearty
cheers and farewells.

The success of the reception of the NINTH cannot be fairly claimed by any one per
son, but is largely due, first, to the gentlemanly Committee of the Regiment who vis
ited Stamford twice during the progress of preparation, and who made such a favora
ble impression on every one with whom they came in contact. This committee, con
sisting of Capts. Brooks, Pryer, Schieffelin, and Lieuts. Theriott and Loder (Theriott,
by the way, is a trump), and second, to the interest taken by Mr. Olmstead and the
indefatigable exertions of Mr. Robert Harper, the Colfax serenader, Mr. S. H. Nye,
Mr. Alex. Weed, Mr. Chas. Jones, and Mr, Sawyer Daskam, with the other members of
the Citizen's Committee.

1869 RESIGNATION OF EX-COLONEL DAVIS. 5 j g,

All these gentlemen deserve credit for the active part they took in the arrange
ments. Mr. Spencer, of the Stamford House, comes under this head. His part was
done well, considering all the circumstances, and he deserves honorable mention.

Governor's Day this year was on the 6th of October, the
NINTH turning out with the First division for review. On the
22ncl the official inspection took place in Tompkins Square ;
two hundred and sixty-eight were present out of a total of four
hundred and ten.

Before the year closed the regiment lost, by resignation,
one of its oldest members, Captain and ex-Colonel John W,
Davis. His record is as follows :

Paymaster, Eleventh regiment, Feb. ist, 1854 ; Major Nov.
i5th, 1855; resigned May -— , 1858; Captain Co. D, NINTH
regiment, Sept. i6th, 1859 ; mustered into U. S. service June
8th ; resigned July 3ist, 1861 ; Lieutenant-Colonel Third regi
ment (Merchant's Brigade), Dec. 27th, 1862 ; resigned
March 2/th, 1863 ; Colonel NINTH regiment, Aug. 7th, 1863 ;
resigned F~eb. 5th, 1864; Captain Co. D, NINTH regiment,,
Dec. 1 2th, 1865 ; resigned Oct. /th, 1869.

520 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1870

CHAPTER XXIII.

ENCAMPMENT AT LONG BRANCH.

— 1870—

Resignation of Colonel Wilcox. — Colonel James Fisk, Jr. — A Ne\v Company K. —
Parade and Review. — Visiting the Grand Opera House. — Ball at the Academy of
Music.— Brigade Drill. — Excurison to Yonkers. — Encampment at Long Branch.
— Reception and Entertainment of The Newburyport Artillery, Amoskeag Vet
erans and the Putnam Phalanx. — Review of the First Division N. G. S. N. Y.— -
Formation of a Grand Band.

the 28th of February Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-Gen
eral Wilcox resigned his commission as Colonel of the
NINTH. Business affairs alone compelled him to this step, and
his loss was looked upon with regret by every member of the
regiment.

The General's military record is as follows :

Private Co. H, Seventh regiment, June — , 1857; Captain,
and A. D. C. on staff of General Hall, Sept. — , 1860 ; Lieut.-
Col. Second regiment, Feb. iQth ; mustered into U. S.
service May 2ist; resigned Dec. 7th, 1861 ; Colonel on staff
of Maj.-Gen. Sanford, Sept. 24th, 1862 ; Colonel NINTH regi
ment (Home organization), March igth, 1864; Brevet Brig.-
Gen. N. Y. Vols., Dec. isth, 1868.

In the Spring it looked as though the regiment would not
long survive. Gradually its membership had decreased. The
armory building was not suitable for its purposes, and all active
interest seemed to be at an end. This was not owing to any
special fault of either officers or men, but was attributed to the
political wire-pullers who were not in sympathy with the best
interests of the regiment.

A few of the members, some of whom dated their connec
tion from 1859, met to ta^ over the situation, and the meeting
resulted in their determining to submit the name of a prominent

COLONEL JAMES FTSK, JR.

1870 COMPANY K REORGANIZED. 521

civilian for the position of colonel. When it was announced
that James Fisk, Jr., had been elected on April /th, the public
press and many individuals interested in the welfare of the
regiment commented unfavorably.

The reasons which influenced the Board of Officers in their
choice were the well known liberality, energy and fertility of
resources, together with the great influence possessed by Col
onel Fisk, and it was firmly believed that the choice would be
of the greatest benefit to the regiment. And their expecta
tions were more than realized. Recruiting at once became
active in all the companies and a new one was formed to take
the place of K, which, for over a year, had been disbanded.
On the 1 2th, less than a week after Colonel Fisk's election,
the members of the new company met and elected officers, and
in company orders, No, 3, it was announced that Bird W.
Spencer had been chosen Captain, Robert B. Cable First
Lieutenant, and Alonzo P. Bacon Second Lieutenant. Cap
tain Spencer had received his military education in Company
H, of the Seventh, Lieutenant Cable in the Seventy-first,
while Lieutenant Bacon had been a member of the Thirteenth
Massachusetts Volunteers — a regiment that had served in the
same brigade with the NINTH — during the war.

The same evening the regiment assembled at the armory,
mustering two hundred and forty-five uniformed, and seventy-
five ununiformed men, and, after inspection by the Colonel-
elect, were marched to the street for an evening parade. As
this was the first appearance of the new commandant, the
armory was crowded with the friends of the regiment and many
representative military men. The line of march led through
West Twenty-sixth Street to Eighth Avenue, to Twenty-third
Street, to Fifth Avenue, to Fourteenth Street, to Broadway, to
Eighth Street, to Fourth Avenue, to Twenty-sixth Street, back
to the armory. The march was a triumphal procession from
beginning to end, the front, rear, and both flanks of the regi
ment being densly packed with a crowd not usually seen on
such occasions; for the majority was composed of the solid
and substantial business men of the city, who gave frequent

522 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1870

vent to their feelings of admiration and sympathy by repeated
cheers, which were taken up by the members of the regiment
and echoed from one end of the line to the other.

On the 29th, Colonel Fisk issued " General Order, No. 7,"
in which he formally assumed command of the regiment. An
honorary membership roll was established at this time, the fee
for joining being fifty-two dollars, and such was its popularity
that in a short time several thousand dollars found its way into
the treasury, the fund thus formed being used to defray the
expenses of social gatherings.

The press of the city had been divided upon the question.
of the expediency — and justice — of elevating to the command
of a regiment a person with no previous military experience.
The experiment had never before been tried. As the result
for good or ill chiefly concerned the NINTH, and as the discus
sion of the question served to bring the regiment into greater
prominence, the members rather enjoyed it. The result proved
the wisdom of the innovation. To save from disbandment
a regiment which had a most honorable record during the
many years of its existence, was a duty, and those who pro
posed and consummated the successful plan, are entitled to the
thanks of all the friends of the organization.

Colonel Fisk fully appreciated the honor which had been
conferred upon him, as well as the obligations which that honor
entailed. He at once began to make himself familiar with his
duties, and was active and vigilant in looking out for the inter
ests of his command ; he also pursued a course of study of the
tactics in which he made rapid progress, and in a short time its
effects were seen in the regiment. Had his life been spared
he would soon have shown himself a thoroughly competent
officer in every sense of that term.

Early in the evening of May I3th a dress-parade and. in
spection was held at the armory, the occasion being graced by
the presence of the Adjutant, Inspector, and Commissary
Generals. After parade, and upon the invitation of Colonel
Fisk, the regiment, to the number of about five hundred,
together with General Varian and staff, Colonels Perley and

1^70 ANNIVERSARY C K I. KP, RATION. 523

Rodney C. Ward and staffs, besides other distinguished mili
tary gentlemen, attended the Grand Opera House, where they
witnessed the performance of Tuclvc Temptations, and were
most agreeably entertained.

After drill, on the evening of the 25th, Company D pre
sented their commander, Captain Robert B. Courtney, with a
handsome sword, sash and belt, the presentation address being
made by ex-Colonel John W. Davis, a former member of the
company, and who had been twice honored with the office of
Captain.

On the 27th the ninth anniversary of the departure of the
regiment for the war was celebrated by a ball given at
the Academy of Music. Two bands, containing one hundred
and fifty musicians furnished the music ; one, under the
leadership of Max Maretzek, beginning the programme with
the overture to William Tell, the Military band following with
a selection from La Pericliole. Among the distinguished
guests present were Governor Hoffman, Generals McDowell,
Sanford, Shaler, Duryea, McQuade, Willcox, Wallen, Dakin,
Woodward, Varian, Burger and Postley, and Colonels Perry
and Samuel H. Leonard (late of Thirteenth Massachusetts
Volunteers). A large number of officers of lesser rank, besides
many civilians of note — including the city officials— were also
present. Congratulations were showered upon the members
by their delighted guests, who pronounced the occasion " the
event of the season." The visitors were surprised at the rapid
progress made by the regiment under its new leadership.
Certainly the NINTH never appeared to better advantage in
social life and character, those features which — to a volunteer
militia organization — are its very being during the " piping
times of peace."

On June 2nd, in obedience to orders from brigade head
quarters, the regiment proceeded to Prospect Park to have
a brigade drill. The men assembled at the armory at eight
A. M., and marched to the foot of West Twenty-third Street,
where they boarded the ferry-boat Jauics Fisk, Jr., and were
conveyed to Brooklyn ; thence by horse-cars to the ground,

524 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1870

where they arrived at noon and joined the brigade. Shortly
after the drill began, but the contemplated number of move
ments — fifty-six — were not all performed, owing to a lack of
time. After the drill a dress-parade was held, the compliments
of which were paid to Adjutant-General Townsend. Generals
Morris, McQuade and Dakin were also present, besides a
large concourse of people, and from the frequent applause
manifested, the exhibition must have been very satisfactory.
Some of the more critical pronounced it a better drill than
they had expected to witness. Considering the disadvantages
under which the regiments of the Third brigade labored — only
•one of which had armory accommodations sufficient for battal
ion movements — the drill was a success. The weather was all
that could be desired, the sun shone brightly, but without that
heat which might have put some of the novices liars de combat.
The NINTH returned to New York by the same route over
which it had been conveyed to the drill ground, arriving at
the armory at a late hour, where it was dismissed.

On the 1 6th the regiment assembled at half-past seven P. M.,
for a parade, and excursion by water to Yonkers. The march
led through Seventh Avenue to Twenty-third Street, to Fifth
Avenue, to Fourteenth Street, countermarching to Twenty-
third Street, to the North river, where the ferry-boat, James
Fisk, Jr., was in waiting, and which, at ten o'clock, conveyed
the regiment up the river. A toothsome collation — at the
expence of Colonel Fisk — was served during the journey. The
return was made shortly after midnight. The whole trip
was enjoyed and pronounced a " great success."

On the 4th of July the regiment assembled at the early
hour of a quarter to six, and marched from the armory to its
place in the brigade and division at nine. Ten companies of
sixteen files were in line, and, despite the number of recruits
in the ranks, made a most creditable appearance. General
McDowell occupied the post of honor on the reviewing stand,
and complimented the regiment on its fine appearance.

On the following day the regiment was called upon to
form part of an escort to the remains of Brevet Major-General

•1870 FUNERAL OF GENERAL HAMBLIN. 525

Joseph E. Hamblin, (formerly of the Sixth corps) from his
late residence to the Fall River boat. The NINTH marched to
the house, where the funeral cortege was formed under the
direction of Brigadier-General Postley. After some delay
the procession moved through Lexington Avenue to Twenty-
third Street, to Broadway, to Chambers Street, to West
Street, to the pier, where the body, in charge of a guard of
honor, was transferred to the boat. The remains were taken
to Yarmouth, Mass., his native place, for burial.

Upon Colonel Fisk's assuming command of the regiment,
he offered a prize of five hundred dollars to the company that
would show the largest increase of membership during the
succeeding quarter. In accordance with this offer he, on the
7th, sent his check for the amount to Brevet Colonel and
Captain William E. Van Wyck, of Company F — fifty-nine
men .having been recruited by the members. Company E
came second in the race — with forty-seven.

On the 1 5th the Board of Officers, upon invitation of
Senator Stockton, of New Jersey, visited Cape May for the
purpose of attending the ball given by the Seventh New
York, returning the next morning, via Philadelphia, well pleased
with their trip.

On the 1 8th of August a preliminary inspection was held at the
armory, when some six hundred men answered to their names.
After battalion drill Colonel Fisk made the following address :

Soldiers, I never felt prouder than I do to-night. I think we all have reason to feel
proud when we contemplate the improvement made by this regiment within the past
three months. We now number three hundred men more than we did six weeks
ago, and on Saturday morning we shall leave for camp with five hundred and fifty
muskets. This ten clays' camp, it is said by men versed in the business of war, will
be worth a year's armory experience. I am thankful that we are able to squeeze a
whole year into ten days.

Our friends have come forward nobly. They have encouraged us in every way,
and let us prove worthy of the interest they take in our welfare. We don't go forth
to be the mark of smoky muskets ; we don't sally out to face cannon with their
bowels full of wrath, and ready mounted to spit forth ,their iron indignation at our
forms. We are bound upon a harmless errand ; but we must make the trip a useful
one. Those who go with the expectation that we are bent upon a frolic would do
well to stay at home. We goto improve ourselves; and while we may expect as
much pleasure as we can from our new surroundings, we must bear in mind that
our main object is work and not mere merrymaking.

526 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1870

On the morning of the 2Oth of August the command
assembled at the armory, armed and equipped for the purpose
of proceeding to Long Branch for a ten days' encampment.
The great expense of this — some fifteen thousand dollars-
was met by the friends of the regiment, the members being"
only required to provide knapsacks and blankets. At nine
o'clock line was formed, ten companies of eighteen files each.

The route of march was through Eighth Avenue to Twenty-
third Street, to Broadway, to Murray Street, to West Street,
to the steamboat landing. The whole route was lined with
spectators anxious to see the departure of their favorite
guardsmen. The regiment reached Pier No. 28 about ten
o'clock, and immediately embarked on the steamboat Plymouth
Rock. The lines were soon cast off, when the gaily-decked
vessel pulled out into the stream amid the shouts of the
multitude gathered on the wharf, and the blowing of whistles
from steamers and tugs in the vicinity. Down the Bay, past
Governor's Island and through the Narrows the steamer plowed
her way. Many parties of pleasure-seekers on yachts and
other small craft were passed, who cheered the NINTH and
were saluted in return. The ladies, as usual, were more demon
strative than their male companions, as the vigorous waving
of handkerchiefs and sun-shades fully attested.

On reaching Sandy Hook the regiment left the boat and
boarded the railroad train ; passing the Highlands of Navesink
and the summer resort of Seabright, Long Branch was soon
reached. Regimental line was formed and a short march
brought the NINTH to CAMP JAY GOULD. Tents had previ
ously been pitched by a detail sent for that purpose, and the
men were dismissed to make the acquaintance of their new
quarters.

The camp was situated on Ocean Avenue near the Conti
nental Hotel, on ground belonging to Doctor Helmbold, who
had generously given the use of it, free of charge. The spot
was as level as a floor, and so near the beach that the men
could enjoy surf bathing to their hearts' content. The neigh-

1&73 ENCAMPMENT AT LONG BRANCH. 527

borhood was en.irely free from mosquitoes, a blessing the
members fully appreciated.

A circular had been prepared and printed and copies dis
tributed among the men, that contained Standing Orders,
numbers i and 2, and which prescribed the rules for the
government of the camp. Every duty was laid down, be
ginning with reveille at sunrise and ending with "taps" at ten
o'clock in the evening. A regular series of camp duties had
been arranged, with intervals of an hour or so between, which
gave the men plenty of time for rest and amusement. The
day after the arrival was Sunday, and at the appointed time
the regiment marched to church, where they listened to an
eloquent sermon by Rev. Sidney A. Corey. A dress-parade
was held at sundown.

On the 24th the regiment was reviewed by Governor
Hoffman, accompanied by his staff, with nearly the whole sum
mer population of the Branch for interested spectators.
Among the notables present, besides the Governor, were
Generals U. S. Grant and Horace Porter, and Messrs. Jay
Gould, A. J. Drexel, George \Y. Childs, Lester Wallack, John
T. Hoey and Edwin Adams. The appearance of the regi
ment while passing in review could scarcely have been im
proved. The companies had been equalized, distance was
properly maintained, the men marched with a firm, elastic step,
and the officers saluted promptly. Round after round of ap
plause from the assembled spectators greeted the men, who
felt none the less proud of. the compliment because they
believed it to be well-merited.

The next day, by invitation of the managers, the regiment
attended the Monmouth Park races.

The event of that season at Long Branch was the compli
mentary ball given by the NINTH at the Continental Hotel.
Few who obtained invitations failed to attend. Colonel Fisk
with Miss Gertrude S. Hyams, of New Orleans, opened the
dancing. This brilliant affair reflected great credit on the
managers, and was fully appreciated by the participants, who

5^8 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1870

tripped the " light fantastic toe" till past three o'clock in the
morning.

On Sunday, the 28th, Chaplain J. A. Spencer preached a
very instructive sermon, and at six in the evening the usual
dress-parade was witnessed by nearly seven thousand people.
Early the next day preparations were made to break camp,
and at ten o'clock, to the reverberations of the signal gun,
the garrison flag was hauled down and tents struck. After
the baggage had been placed in the wagons, the regiment
formed line and marched to the railroad station, where a special
train was in waiting. Sandy Hook was soon reached, the
Plymouth Rock boarded, and at noon the pleasant sail to New
York began. The city was reached at half-past three, but
such was the crowd, gathered to welcome the return of the
regiment, that an hour elapsed before the police could clear
a sufficient space on which to form line. Before dismissing-
the men at the armory, Colonel Fisk briefly addressed the
regiment, complimenting the members upon the fidelity with
which they had attended to their duties during the encamp
ment, closing with a few characteristic utterances :

" May your shadows never grow less. May your shadows
ever remain in your regiment, and you be enabled to inscribe
on your banners ' Excelsior!"

Thus ended the first encampment of the NINTH since its
return from the sterner duties of field service during the war,
and the new members were confident of having; endeavored to

do their best, as became the successors of the warriors of
1861-1865.

During the absence of the regiment work was begun upon
the enlargement of the armory, and because of it battalion
drills were held in the State arsenal.

On the 3Oth of September the First division of the
National Guard — about ten thousand strong — participated in
the obsequies attending the burial of -—the great — Admiral,
David G. Farragut. The regiment assembled at the armory
at half-past eight and marched to Fifth Avenue and Twenty-
third Street, where the division was formed. Before the

1870 ENTERTAINING MILITARY VISITORS. 529

NINTH reached the rendezvous a heavy rain-storm set in,
which continued during the formation, and in a few minutes

those in line were wet to the skin. The entire line of
march was pursued, however, and when the procession halted
at the New Haven railroad station very few of the men in
the division had left the ranks. Farra^ut's remains were

interred in Woocllawn Cemetery.

The NINTH was now in a position to extend courtesies
to kindred organizations, and invitations having been sent to
a number of such, in Eastern cities, to visit them, the regi
ment, on the 1 3th of October, assembled at the armory at half-
past seven A. M.; at eight it marched clown Broadway to Canal
Street, thence to Pier 40, North River, where were found
the Newburyport, Mass., Artillery (1774), one hundred and
thirty strong, under command of Major Ben. Perley Poore ;
the Amoskeag Veterans (1854), of Manchester, N. H., number
ing one hundred and forty-one, Major Nathaniel Head
commanding; and the Putnam Phalanx (1858), of Hartford,
Conn., one hundred and eighty strong, under Colonel E.
B. Strong. After the usual civilities had been exchanged the
procession was formed, with the NINTH as escort on the right,
the Amoskeag Veterans, Newburyport Artillery, and the
Putnam Phalanx on the left of the line. The march was
through Canal Street to Broadway, to Fourteenth Street, to
Fifth Avenue, to Twenty-sixth Street, to Madison Avenue,
to Twenty-third Street, to Fifth Avenue, to Broadway, to the
Grand Central Hotel, where the guests were left, and the
regiment returned to the armory and were dismissed until
evening.

A reception and ball had been arranged in honor of the
visitors, which, through the courtesy of the Twenty-second
regiment, was held at their commodious and beautifully
decorated armory on Fourteenth Street. The pleasures of
this entertainment were long after remembered by both guests
and hosts. So perfect were the arrangements that all who
were present enjoyed themselves to the utmost, and words
would fail to describe the feeling's of either the entertainers or

530. TIII-: NINTH NEW YORK. 1870

those entertained. Among, those present were Generals
McDowell, Vodges and Green ; Governor English of Con
necticut, and C. R. Chapman, Mayor of Hartford.

Until four o'clock in the afternoon the following day was
spent by the visitors in sight seeing, in which they were
accompanied by members of the NINTH. At that hour the
regiment again assembled for the purpose of escorting their
guests to the boat on their homeward journey. Though some
what fatigued by the past thirty-six hours' round of fes
tivities the visitors, amid shouts of delight, unanimously voted
that they had had a "royal good time." Invitations were
showered upon the NINTH to make a return visit to each
organization, and after bidding the Eastern soldiers farewell,
the NINTH returned to the armory and were dismissed ;
the happy event was an affair of the past.

On the afternoon of the 25th, an inspection and parade
was held in Washington Square, and out of seven hundred
and sixty-four men upon the rolls, six hundred and eight-six
were in line. The roster showed an increase of three hundred
and fifty-four over the previous year, an unanswerable argu
ment, in this instance, in favor of the selection of a colonel
with " no previous military experience."

A review of the First division was ordered to be held at
Prospect Park, on the afternoon of the 28th. The NINTH as
sembled at nine o'clock in the morning, and marched by fours
on the sidewalk through Broadway to Fulton Street, thence to
the ferry. On the Brooklyn side horse-cars were taken, which
conveyed the regiment to within a short distance of the ground,
which was soon reached, and the NINTH took its place in line,
reporting to General Varian, the brigade commander. After
an hour's delay, the division was formed and the command
passed in review. Many visitors were present, who testified
their interest by repeated applause as their favorite regiments
passed by. Among the many military men present were
Generals Townsend, McQuade, Mosher, Bissell and Steinway,
and Colonels Warren, Conway, Moller, J. F. McQuade,

1870 A GRAND BAND. 531

Greenman and H. U hi. The weather was pleasant, and the re
view passed off to the entire satisfaction of all concerned.

On the 1 2th of December, Colonel Fisk perfected arrange
ments for organizing a new regimental band of one hundred
musicians, similar to the famous " Guides " Hand of Brussels,
Belgium. Carlo Pdtti was appointed musical director, and
Professor D. L. Downing, leader. The members were to be
uniformed at a cost of eighty dollars each. There were to be
four flutes, two oboes, four bassoons, four e. b. clarionets, eigh
teen b. b. clarionets, six cornets, four trumpets, four French
horns, four baritone horns, four sax horns, six trombones, eight
tubas, three side drums, one Indian bell, one pair cymbals, one
triangle, one bass drum and twenty-five snare drums. Such a
combination had never before been attempted in the United
States, and many were the speculations on the part of the pub
lic as to whether or not it would succeed.

THE NINTH NEW VURK. 1871

CHAPTER XXVI.

EXCURSION TO BOSTON.— TO JULY 4TH.
1871.

The Band Concert. — Division Drills. — The Annual Ball at the Academy of Music.—
Presentation to Captain Spencer. — Company K's Anniversary. — The Tenth
Anniversary of the Departure of the Regiment for the War. — Correspondence
Respecting the Visit to Boston. — The Boston Methodist Preacher's Protest Against
a Parade on Sunday. — The Trip to Boston. — Ceremonies there. — Anniversary of
the Battle of Bunker Hill. — Colonel Fisk's Address to the Nix ni.— Return to
New York.— Congratulatory letters from M. M. Ballou of Boston, and Mayor
Kent of Charlestown. — Resolutions of Thanks 10 the Eighth Massachusetts. —
"The Boston Dip." — The Ninety-fifth Anniversary of American Independence.

the ist of January, 1871, the Grand Opera House was
filled to overflowing- — hundreds being turned away for
lack even of standing room — by an eager audience gathered to
listen to the initial performance of the new band. Those for
tunate possessors of tickets who gained admission, listened to
such music as had never before been rendered in this country.
The selection of " Luther's Judgment Hymn," from Meyer
beer's opera of Les Huguenots, as the opening piece was most
appropriate, inasmuch as it brought out the fine points of the
grand combination of instruments, and especially the great,
powerful bass, which shook the house with its vibrant strength.
On the loth regimental orders directed that division drills

<;_>

take place bi-monthly during the succeeding quarter, and the
Lieutenant-Colonel and Major were designated as alternate
instructors. A fine of six dollars was imposed as the penalty
for non-attendance at these drills, which were to take place at
eight o'clock on the evenings named.

On the 7th of February the annual ball was given at the
Academy of Music. The famous band, resplendent in scarlet
uniforms, profusely laced with gold, occupied the back of the
stage, and fronted an Oriental tent scene. The blue uniforms

1871 ORGANIZATION OF THE VETERAN CORPS.

533

of the men of the regiment — that of the officers being richly or
namented with red and gold — contrasted favorably with the
rich costumes worn by the ladies and added much to the
ensemble. The opening march was led by Colonel and Mrs.
Fisk. Among the distinguished guests present were Generals
Shaler, Kiddo, McOuade, Varian and Burger; Colonels Oakley,
John Fowler, Jr., Median, Perry, Conklin, Brinker, Mitchell,
Story, Carr, Rockafeller, Funk, Sterry, Woodward, Bodine,
Moller, Devereaux, and Dorr of Buffalo; Majors Crawford,
Schlesinger and Miller, and Captain Percy, U. S. N. ; Adju
tants Bates and Bruen, and Messrs. George W. Webber,
C. E. Orvis, John M. Pollock, Leonard \V. Jerome, H. J.
Jackson, and Oscar Townsend, of Cleveland. Ohio. The
expense to the regiment \vas upwards of five thousand dollars.

At Apollo Hall, on March iith, Captain Spencer of Com
pany K, was presented by the members of his command with
a handsome sword, belt and sash, as a testimonial of the
respect and esteem in which he was held by them. J. V.
Robertson of the company, in a happy and complimentary
manner, made the presentation address, the Captain respond
ing in his usual felicitous style, thanking his command for their
gift and the numerous friends present for their sympathy and
encouragement. After these formal ceremonies, those present
engaged in dancing and social intercourse until a late hour.

A visit of the regiment to Boston, to take part in the
celebration of the anniversary of the Battle of Bunker Hill had
been decided upon, and the weekly drills were vigorously prose
cuted. On the 25th and 26th of April drills were held in the
Armory, only those holding complimentary tickets being
admitted to witness them.

During the month the matter of the organization of a
Veteran Association had been agitated, and a circular was issued
calling a meeting for that purpose at the armory on the even
ing of May 5th. At that time a large and enthusiastic number
of veterans assembled. An election for officers resulted in the
choice of Colonel M. M. Van Beuren as President, Brevet
Brigadier-General John Hendrickson, First Vice-President,

TIIE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

Brevet Brigadier-General John H. Wilcox, Second Vice-Presi-
•dent.

Membership was open to those who at any time had been
members of the regiment, and who held honorable discharges ;
also to those still in active service who had served a term of
enlistment. The objects of the organization were to promote
friendly intercourse, care for the sick, relieve the needy, see
that the dead were duly honored, keep a record of the regiments'
history, and also to further the interests of the active organiza
tion.

May 2/th, the tenth anniversary of the departure of the
NINTH for the war, was devoted to a celebration of that impor
tant event. At two P. M. the regiment assembled at the
armory, where line was formed, the column soon after moving
through Eighth Avenue to Twenty-third Street, to Fifth

O O *

Avenue, to Broadway, to the City Hall Park, where the line
was reviewed by Mayor A. Oakey Hall ; after which the route
was countermarched to the armory and the men dismissed, in
order to prepare for the banquet in the evening. Covers had
been laid for eight hundred persons, in the large drill room,
which was soon filled by the members of the regiment, the
Veterans of the NINTH, and their guests. Between the responses
to the various toasts the band discoursed sweet music. After
two hours of solid enjoyment the pleasant affair was ended
and all sought their homes, well pleased with the day and even
ing's entertainment.

On the 5th of June a brigade drill was held at Tompkins
Square. The command appeared in full uniform, white trousers
and gloves, at half-past one P. M., marching from the armory
to the rendezvous, where the evolutions were performed under
the direction of General Varian, the brigade commander.
Nearly one half of the men in the ranks of the NINTH were
recruits, but such had been the persistency with which drilling
had been prosecuted that the new men compared favorably
with the older members.

The proposed visit to Boston had given rise to a great deal
of discussion in the papers of both cities, principally because

1871 COLONEL FISK TO MAYOR GASTON. 535

of the request made by Colonel Fisk that the "regiment be
allowed to hold religious services on the Common during the
Sunday of their stay there. The correspondence between the
Colonel and others is here given :

New York, April yh, 1871.
Hon. WILLIAM GASTON,

Mayor of Boston :

DEAR SIR : — This will introduce to you Major Jas. R. Hitchcock, Captain Gustavus
A. Fuller, and Lieutenant Alonzo P. Bicon, o.'fLers of the NINTH Regiment, and the
committee appointed by the Board of Officers to visit your city, and confer with
you in regard to a proposed trip on the i/th of June proximo. They are empowered
to make all arrangement in behalf of the regiment, and I would respectfully ask
that the hospitality of the city of Boston be extended to the regiment.

I am, with much respect,

JAMES FISK, JR.,

Colonel Commanding .

The Mayor referred this letter to the Board of Aldermen,
and on motion of Alderman Pierce, it was laid upon the table.
No reply was returned to the writer. After waiting three
weeks Colonel Fisk wrote again :

New York April 27 th, 1871.
Hon. WILLIAM GASTON,

Mayor of Boston :

DKAR SIR: — On the 5th I addressed to you a letter asking an extension of hos
pitality to the NINTH Regiment N. G. S. N. Y. I understand it was delivered to you by
a committee of the regiment, and referred by you to the Board of Aldermen. I
infer from the published proceedings, that the letter, which was simply designed to
obtain your official permission for the visit of the NINTH Regiment, was misconstrued
into an application for special favors at the expense of your city, a perversion for which
there was no warrant and no excuse. The reason of my application to you was (as
I was informed) the law of your State did not allow the entry of an armed force,
without the sanction of the Federal Government, or the chief Magistrate of the State
or city to be entered. Having waited a sufficient time for your decision, and not
having received from you the courtesy of a reply, I have applied, in the name of the
regiment, to his Excellency the Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, to
enter your city, and he has courteously and promptly granted the request. I beg,
therefore, that you will relieve the Common Council from further consideration of the
subject, as their action, or inaction, is a matter of perfect indifference to the gentlemen
under my command.

Your obedient servant,

JAMES FISK, JR.,

Colonel Commanding.

536 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871.

This communication was not acted upon in any way,
.neither was its receipt acknowledged by Mayor Gaston.
Colonel Fisk's next communication was :

New York, June 2nd, 1871.
Hon. WILLIAM GASTON,

Mayor of Boston :

DEAR SIR : — As I am informed that your city ordinances prohibit the entry of
any regiment upon Boston Common without the permission of the Mayor, I respect
fully request permission for the use of the Common by the NINTH Regiment N. G. S.
N. Y., on the iyth inst., for dress-parade, and on the i8th, for public religious services.

Very respectfully,

Your obedient servant,

JAMES FISK, JR.,

Colonel.

As this correspondence was published in the newspapers,
" Puritan New England " became aroused, and the Methodist
preachers delivered themselves of the following:

Boston, Monday, June \2th, 1871.

At a stated meeting of the Methodist Preachers' Association to-day the Rev.
Gilbert Haven introduced the following, which was adopted, and the committee, which
the resolutions propose, was appointed, consisting of the leading clerical representa
tives of the denomination in Boston and neighborhood.

Wlicreas, Except in time of war we can see no good reason for any movement
to mass troops or parts of regiments on the Lord's day; therefore,

Resolved, That the Methodist ministers of Boston and vicinity appoint a committee
•of seven of our members to wait upon his Excellency, Gov. C'laHin, and respectfully
request him, as Commander-in-Chief of the State Militia, not to permit the establish
ment of any precedent, in opposition to the preamble, by allowing any Massachusetts
troops to escort any regiment while within, or going from, the city of Boston on the
l8th of June next.

Colonel Fisk's next move was to address the Mayor of
Charlestown, within whose limits Bunker Hill Monument is
situated :

New York, I une i^th, 9.30 P. M.
To his Honor WM. H. KENT,

The Mayor of Charlestown, Mass. :

I am at this moment in receipt of a telegram from Boston, announcing that the
NINTH Regiment are denied the privilege of holding religious services in any public
place in Boston, except the streets, on Sunday next. Will you allow the regiment to
march on Sabbath morning to your hospitable city, and there hold religious services
in such suitable place as you may designate.

1 8; I EXCURSION TO BOSTON. 537

If Monument Square, or the grounds surrounding Bunker Hill Monument, are subject
to your control, allow us to suggest one of the places. Please answer by telegraph at
earliest moment in order that a committee may confer with you on Thursday.

JAMES FISK, JR.,

Colonel Commanding.

To this the following prompt, though unsatisfactory reply,
was made :

Col. JAS. FISK, Jr. :

The monument grounds are undergoing repairs. The private property — Winthrop
Square — might answer. Personally, I desire to do anything I can consistent with my
official duty, but I have no power to grant your request. I will call the Board of Alder-
•men together for action if you wish it.

W. H. KENT,^/iyw.

Boston, June,

In obedience to orders issued on the ist of the month, the
regiment assembled at the armory at half-past two P. M. on the
1 6th, armed and equipped for the trip to Boston.

The following account is copied in part from the Army
and Navy Journal, of June 24th :

The regiment left its armory, taking the best and most direct course clown town to
the foot of Murray Street. It was escorted by the Eighth Infantry, Colonel George D.
Scott, all in full dress, and making a handsome show. The hour, and the notoriety of
the command and commander, tended to fill well the sidewalks and windows along
the line of march with curious spectators. Broadway was particularly excited over
the appearance and well-filled ranks of the terrible NINTH. The regiment, of ten
companies, eighteen files strong, in full marching order, was never more effective, each
company as it passed being the recipient of loud applause. No military gentleman,
who stood on the curb and watched with interest the movements of the troops, could
fail to be impressed by the fact that a command which one year ago numbered only
about two hundred, was that day parading nearly seven Jiundred, all told, yet headed
by a novice in the military art. The gorgeous and numerous band, the brilliant and
handsomely mounted and equipped staff appointments, showed what wealth and
energy and love of notoriety could accomplish.

The band, with its excellent leader, Professor D. L. Downing, and one hundred
instruments, was the cause of the most enthusiastic praise during its march, Professor
Jules Levy, the excellant cornet performer, being one of it.

The embarkation of the troops upon the steamer Ne^uport, and' the consequent
confusion on board, the speedy settling down and procuring of state-rooms, berths,
etc., was done with remarkable order, under the able management of Captain G. A.
Fuller, as officer of the day ; and Lieutenants David Wolff and M. P. L. Montgomery as
officers of the guard.

Lieutenant-Colonel Chas. R. Braine and Adjutant Allien made every provision for
the press and others accompanying the excursionists, which included Colonel Scott of
the Eighth, ex-Colonel John W. Davis and Captain Henry S. Brooks of the NINTH

538 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

•

also Mr. G. W.Bradley of Boston, the latter, during the stay in Boston, offering many
courtesies to the members of the press.

The trip going to Boston was made especially eventful by the presentation of a
superb maltese-shipsd m;dal, studded with diamonds, to Adjuta it Allien, the gift of
the non-commissioned staff and personal friends. Colonel Fisk made the presentation
in happy style. The Adjutant responded, thanking the givers of the generous gift,
which was valued pecuniarily at $300. This over, " taps " was shortly afterwards
beaten, the signal for all to retire, which the majority, strange to state, obeyed. Those
who failed to obtain state-rooms sought berths or lay on mattresses spread in every
conceivable direction over the decks of the main cabin. These latter were noisy
mortals, who prevented others from sleeping on the outward-bound voyage. The
officer of the day found it impossible to keep these merry soldiers quiet, yet all were
good-natured, the men keeping quiet during the admonitions of the officer and then
cheering him three times three, and resuming the sports of the night. There was, however,
no roughness, or attempts to disturb by practical jokes those who had retired to state
rooms. The enforcement of strict discipline on a crowded steamboat among troops
bound on a pleasure trip has never yet been secured, and we think never will. It is
jusi to say, however, that the men of the NINTH paid more respect to their superior
officers than we ever witnessed on a similar trip.

The Newport at an early hour reached its destination (Newport, R. I.), where a
committee of Boston military were awaiting its arrival. The military delegation was
composed as follows : First Regiment, Surgeon White, Captain Jones of Colonel
Johnston's staff, Captain Snow of Company G, Captain Kingsburg of Company I,
Lieutenant Lethbridgeof Company A, and Lieutenant Walsh of Company ¥ ; Ninth
(Boston) Regiment: Surgeon Flatley, Adjutant Fitzpatrick, Quartermaster Dowling,
Captain Strachan and Lieutenant McVey ; Fifth Regiment : Lieutenant-Colonel Fay,
Major Daniells ; First battalion : Surgeon Bodge, and Lieutenant J. H. Brown.

Just before disembarkation, Colonel B, J. Finan, of the Ninth Massachusetts,
who headed the committee, welcomed the NINTH New York, after which all marched
to the special train provided, and after three hours' travel reached Boston, where an
immense concourse of people greeted the regiment. Strange to say, little or no
provision had been made for clearing the depot, when the troops left the cars, and it
was with difficulty that the NINTH was formed and took its position in the column of
military escort offered them.

The escort was composed of the First Battalion, Infantry, Mass. V. M., Major
Douglass Frazer., commanding ; Montgomery Light-Guard, Company I, Ninth Regi
ment, Captain George Mullins; Charlestown Cadets, Company A, Fifth Regiment,
Captain Frank Todd ; Sheridan Rifles, Company F, First Regiment, Captain Wm.
Evans.

Although the hour was early, eight A. M., the streets along the line of march were
densely crowded and the people rushed from all directions to see the gallant NINTH.
The crowd seemed mostly to concentrate at the head of the regiment, near the band,
whose inspiring tones rather opened the eyes of the Bostonians, one of whose virtues,
is fondness for good music. The escorting column and its visitors after a short march
reached Blackstone Square, when the troops were dismissed, the NINTH stacking arms
and proceeding to the St. James Hotel, its headquarters during the stay in Boston.
The crowd at the hotel was immense, and the streets in the immediate vicinity could
scarcely be kept free by the police. This crowd was apparently composed of Boston's
most respectable — or at least best-dressed — citizens

1871 CEREMONIES IN BOSTON. 539

The NINTH having located, washed and breakfasted, Colonel Johnston, of the First
Regiment, M. V. M., delivered an address of welcome in the words :

" Colonel Fisk : — As senior officer of the organizations taking part in this reception, it
becomes my pleasant duty to welcome you and your command to the city of Boston,
believing as I do that your visit will strengthen the bonds of friendship and good will
that should unite the citizens of two great States, whose sons stood shoulder to shoul
der in all the great battles of the late war for the Union, and who now join in
doing honor to the men of i775-'76, whose deeds of valor in the cause of liberty and
independence are the common heritage not alone of Massachusetts, but of every State
and Territory in the land. I trust that your stay amongst us will be an agreeable one,
and I can offer no stronger words of welcome than to hope that your command will be
as well pleased with this visit, as I know the different organizations here represented
are in receiving you."

Colonel Fisk returned thanks to Colonel Johnston in a few appropriate remarks,
necessarily short because of the near approach of the time to assemble the troops.

The members now donned their white trousers and prepared to join the military
about proceeding to Charlestown, to participate in the Bunker Hill celebration. The
formation of the grand military pageant was slow in the extreme, the column not
moving until long past eleven o'clock, or more than an hour after the regular time ap
pointed. The late arrival of the NINTH may have delayed matters somewhat, it could
not have been entirely at fault, for it was ready long before it was ordered to take its
position in the column of march, finally moving at half-past eleven o'clock, in the fol
lowing order:

Platoon of Police under
City Marshal E. T. Swift.

First Regiment Band (Gilmore's) and Drum Corps.

Military escort, Col. Geo. H. Johnston, commanding.

First Regiment M. V. M., Lieut.-Col. Proctor.

O'Connor's Ninth Regiment Band.
Ninth Regiment Mass. V. M., Col. B. F. Finan.

Shawmut Brass Band.

First Battalion M. V. Infantry, Major Douglass Frazer.
First Light Battery M. V. A., Lieut. Foster.

Downing's NINTH Regiment Band.
NINTH Regiment N. G. S. N. Y., Col. Jas. Fisk, Jr.

Bond's Cornet Band.
Prescott Light Guard (Cavalry), Captain F. L. Gilman.

Roxbury Horse Guards, Captain A. P. Calcler.

The escort was formed on St. James Park, and as soon as the NINTH New York
had got into line, it marched past the escort and was saluted. This salute they
returned, as the escort marched past them, and the entire body then proceeded
towards Charlestown, passing through Washington Street, Temple Place, Tremont,
Court, Hanover, Blackstone and Haverhill Streets to Warren Bridge.

The streets of Boston were so crowded along the entire route that one would have
supposed that all Massachusetts had concentrated at Boston.

The First Infantry was handsomely uniformed in gray, wearing the old-time
bear-skin shakos, marching steadily with excellent alignment. This regiment is com
posed of companies from suburban localities surrounding Boston, all having a certain
distinctiveness and independence which would not work well in New York. The

54O THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

Ninth (Massachusetts), mainly composed of men of Irish birth, was uniformed in
blue coats, white trousers, peculiar low-crowned hats, with green plumes. The com
pany distance, alignments and steadiness was most creditable, and they averaged
fourteen files each. The First battalion made a very fair appearance and was com
posed of four companies with full ranks. The men of the First Light Battery wore
blue jackets and red trousers, making a fair display. The NINTH New York marched
next in column most steadily, and with excellent alignment and company distance ;
without the least prejudice we must say we failed to see any organization in the whole
military column that exceeded it in steady marching and closeness of ranks. The
Prescott Light Guard (cavalry) brought up the rear, the troop bring uniformed in
scarlet and blue, and well mounted, making a handsome display.

The troops marched to Warren Bridge, and were there joined by the Fifth regi
ment, Colonel Walter Everett, parading in good strength ; marching and looking
finely, its colonel then assuming command of the column. Proceeding through
Warren Avenue to Charlestown, the procession was reviewed by Mayor Kent and
the City Goverment at City Square. Welcome to the guests from New York waved
out from most every window and upon many staffs.

The procession after re-forming took up the following route : Moving from City
Square through Harvard, Washington, Union and Main Streets, to Sullivan Square, it
countermarched to Bunker Hill Street; to Elm and High Streets, to Monument
Square, around Monument Square, keeping to the right, to Concord, through Concord,
Bunker Hill, Chelsea, Mt. Vernon, Chestnut and Adams Streets ; around Winthrop
Square to Winthrop Street, through High Street to Monument Avenue, Warren
Street to Craft's Corner, down Main Street to the City Square.

The reception in Charlestown was most generous, and the decorations along the
line of march very handsome. The troops were feasted at Winthrop Square, return
ing afterwards to Boston by way of Park Street, Warren Avenue, Haverhill, Black-
stone, Clinton, Commercial, State, Washington, School and Beacon Streets, and enter
ing the Common at Charles Street. When on the Common a brigade dress-parade
was held, Colonel Johnston, the senior officer, again assuming command, and the con
solidated musi? was placed under the control of Drum Major Geo. W. Hill of the New
York NINTH.

This was a very handsome display, and a very gratifying sight to the thousands of
spectators assembled there. Here the main body of the troops were dismissed, a de
tachment escorting the NINTH to its headquarters.

During this long march (estimated by some at fourteen miles) we did not see half a
dozen stragglers from the NINTH.

In the evening the band gave a public concert on the Common, when some twenty
thousand persons ; ssembled to listen to the exquisite strains of this celebrated band.
The concert lasted two hours and was loudly applauded.

Sunday it rained in torrents all day, so, " by common consent " and by order of
Colonel Fisk, the NINTH attended the religious services at the Boston Theatre, Rev.
E. O. Flagg, D.D., conducting the exercises in accordance with the Episcopalian
forms, and afterwards gave a short discourse. He was followed by a few pertinent
remarks on the part of Colonel Fisk :

" Soldiers of the NINTH Regiment : — On the morrow, if God spares us, we shall get
back to our own city, at least to the city where you belong, for I can scarcely say our
city, because I belong in Boston. This is my residence. I can hardly express to you

1871 ADDRESS OF COLONEL FISK. 541

the feelings I cherish towards you all, for the manner in which you have fulfilled all
your duties as soldiers on this occasion. You have again occasion to feel proud, in every
sense oi the word, of your entire behavior from the time you left New York until now.
I can only thank you in all kindness — heartfelt kindness — that you have clone now, as
you always have done, since you have been under my command, that you have again
taken a great interest in the performance of your duties, and that you have as usual
shown your willingness to carry out every wish of your superior officers. It is always
with pride, when we have been anywhere, that in after times, when I have met those
whom we've been associated with, that I hear of the proud manner in which the regi
ment is spoken of. I felt certain of your reception in Boston. I felt assured of your
conduct. I knew what the result would be, but a very unfortunate mistake or accident
has occurred with regard to the authorities of the city of Boston, a mistake I would
gladly have avoided. The hospitalities we wanted extended to us were those that
1 felt we would be sure to get, and the only thing that has gone wrong was the occasion
which has made it necessary for me to offer an apology to the Mayor of the city of
Boston on behalf of the regiment.

" When passing in review, we did not know that lie was to review us. I saw him
just in time to salute him myself, but the regiment was unable to salute him, for there
was not time to pass the word down the line. It was a respect we owed to him in
his position as Chief Magistrate of this city; and it is right that the regiment should
apologize, and therefore, when these remarks are registered, as they will be to-morrow,
when we have returned to our homes, he will hear that we have apologized to him for
a mistake which was not ours. We should have been notified.

" I wish to speak of the kind manner in which the military of Massachusetts have
received us, and to thank the citizens of Massachusetts, and those of other States, for
the exceedingly kind welcome they have accorded us. It was the only welcome we
wanted. The matter of our hospitalities and expenses were borne by friends. Hospi
talities, in the strict sense of the term, we carry out ourselves, but the spirit evinced
by the people of Massachusetts, as we passed along its streets, could not be purchased.
It must have come from the heart, from the good feeling they bear towards us, and I
thank them, and I know that you will thank them for it.

" In the future, when we have occasion, and I think we shall have, of turning from
the city of New York, we shall yearn towards Boston, for I think the good feeling dis
played by the citizens on this visit, would bring us back here the next season, instead
of anywhere else. Therefore, while we go from Boston, I will say for the regiment
and myself, we should carry back nothing but the kindest spirit towards the good city.
There should have come up no ' ism,' there should have come up nothing to say that
we should not worship God, how and where we pleased. It was a mistake ; nobody
meant wrong towards us, and I was sorry to see that the question was agitated at all.
I do not believe that the signers of the paper, said to have been sent in to the Boston
City Government, requesting that the Common should not be opened to us, felt any
differently towards us than did the one hundred thousand or more people who welcomed
us so warmly. We will cherish no bad feelings against them. I do not believe
they cherish any against us. Again let me thank them for all they have done for us.
It speaks well for us to exhibit ourselves in full ranks to-day, after the hard labors of
yesterday, and reflection in the fact that a leave of absence was granted from nine
o'clock last night until one o'clock to-day. I am told that, except those who are upon
the sick list, every officer and private is present here this afternoon, and I am proud of
the NINTH. Because why?

THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

" Whether under military rule or otherwise, they feel a pride in the organization.
They take pride in its good behavior, take them where you may. You have planted
another peaceful battle upon your flag. Thanking you for the spirit, in which you
have carried out your instructions, you have done what is right, and discharged your
duties with a degree of merit to which you always aspire."

The men were conveyed to the place of worship in stages, and were in full march
ing order. The building was crowded, the regiment occupying the main body. The
music by the band was very impressive. At the conclusion of the services the regi
ment again took the stages, and were conveyed to the cars, and soon after six P. M.
reached Newport, R. I.

The trip back to New York was very uncomfortable as well as somewhat perilous,
on account of a severe storm on the Sound, the majority of the men becoming sea-sick.
The NINTH finally arrived home shortly after ten o'clock A. M. on Monday, June
ipth, and made as handsome an appearance in its march up Broadway as it did at
the departure. In fact, the white trousers added greatly to the appearance of the com
mand, which arrived safely at its armory at about noon when it was dismissed. This
trip cost Colonel Fisk, staff, and officers of the regiment twelve thousand dollars.

After the return of the regiment the following communi
cations were received by Colonel F^isk :

ST. JAMES' HOTEL, BOSTON, June 20, 1871.
Colonel JAMES FISK, Jr. :

DEAR SIR : — Permit me to say that the visit of the NINTH Regiment of New York
to this house, on the I7th and i8th ints., will be remembered by me as an occasion of
unalloyed pleasure and gratification. The remarkable discipline and gentlemanly be
havior of the entire corps — officers and men — as displayed during their sojourn in the
St. James' Hotel, challenges the respect and admiration of us all. It is also most
agreeable to know that your unrivaled command produced the same public impression
upon the citizens of Boston, whose enthusiasm through your entire line of march was a
rare and earnest ovation. Very cordially yours,

M. M. BALLOU,
Proprietor of St. James' Hotel.

CITY OF CHARLESTOWN',y^//f 2\st, 1871.

Colonel JAS. FISK, JR.:

DEAR SIR : — I am impelled by a sense of courtesy and obligation to address you a
few words in a semi-official way. I say semi-official, because, while I cannot entirely
divest myself of official character in the communication, the spirit which prompts me
is a personal and friendly one. I intended fully to have availed myself of the invitation
of Colonel Everett, and to have met you at his board on Saturday, but it was a day
of care and anxiety to me, and circumstances conspired to prevent my doing so.

The driving storm of Sunday and my own health was a bar to the paying of my
respects to you on that day also.

If the pleasure of meeting you Saturday had been mine, I should have asked
Colonel Everett's permission to have said publicly what I say now — a few words expres
sive of thanks for the splendid parade made by your command in our little city ; and
for the pleasure and general gratification you gave our people, I heard no dissent from
this, either from the Government, or from the citizens.

And I desire, Colonel, personally or officially, as you please, to recognize to the full-

1871 MAYOR KENT, OF CHARLESTOWN. 543

est extent the energy, enterprise and public spirit which brought you so far, and at such
a cost of time and fatigue, to say nothing of personal expense, to aid us in our celebra
tion. I cannot but remember, too, with great satisfaction my interview with your com
mittee ; and to Major Hitchcock I desire special remembrance. I recollect with pleas
ure the spirit in which he met me, and seeing some of the difficulties under which we
labored, how freely he waived some courtesies, we should have been glad to have
shown you. I remember and appreciate these things, and for all please receive my
sincere acknowledgements.

I am, very truly, your obedient servant,

WM. H. KENT.

On the 3rd of July, at the regular meeting of the Board of
Officers, a series of resolutions were adopted acknowledging the
courtesies paid the regiment by the Eighth National Guard ;
which had acted as escort to the NINTH, in the march from
its armory to the boat, at the time of their leaving the city
for Boston ; the resolutions were duly engrossed and pre
sented. The following lines, printed in the Express, will be
appreciated by the survivors of the trip :

THE BOSTON DIP.

Now, " Shamus," my boy, say what's the matter?

You've been to Boston, so I hear,
And that they trayted you as daycent

As ever England did Lord Napier.
Well, Jimmy, avick, you did it slick,

More power to ye for the vinture ;
At Bunker Hill you drank your fill,

And in Boston paid your indinture.

I'm tould that Ballou gave fine ating,

Of roasts and fries and kidney stews ;
Potaties plinty, bould Finan's dainty,

With butther and salt from Pat McCue's.
Of coorse the boys they all wint wid ye,

And showed the haythens how to muster;
I'll bet ould Braine gave thim a lesson,

And Hitchcock shure, without much bluster.

Yourself, I'm sartin, was not behind-hand,

And niver spluttered once, my boy,
But marched bouldly forward, like a soger,

Looking as brave as a Viceroy.
And Jimmy dear he did look splindid,

With his dimond meddle on his breast;
Allien I mane, of coorse you knew him.

The man that says, " Froont, right dress. "

544 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

" Van Wax," begorra, thin he's a Trojan,

As ever donned a Gracian helmit ;
I'm tould his mustache bates the divil

In lingth and width, and plinty of it.
And Blainey, the boy, does he belong to

The Erie Guards? Well, now I'm done,
For at Gettysburg I saw him drop dead,

As sure as I'm my father's son.

And " Pryer " I'm tould's a Dimicrat

Of pure and clanest wather,
And if he wer'n't a married man

I'm blowed but he'd have my daughter.
Ye've " Millers " and "Cables " and " Wolfs," I'm tould,

And "Slaters " to do the roofing,
But the best of them all, that's upon my sowl

Is your nice lean lo(i)n of "Bacon."

And your music, too, before I ind,

I must not be neglect in',
For the divil such music did I ever hear

As the day you \vint to Boston.
There's Levy, shure, a band himself,

The world it couldn't taich him,
Their Arbucklesand their Tubercles

Will niver be able to raich him.

And thin ye's had Scott and Mason, too,

Do ye mind a purty pair,
For Mason keeps a crame saloon

And Scott goes often there.
Powell, too, wid his whiskers grand,

And glasses of small diminsion,
And McKinney, shure, who broke in the dure,

Trying to raich what I'll not mintion.

The Press you trayted as your own,

God bless you for that same ;
May you niver die, but hang fast, my boy,

And let charity be your name.
So now adieu, farewell to you

Until we meet elsewhere,

May fortin attind you and friends befriend you,
And on the top of head plenty of hair.

K EEC AN.

1871 CELEBRATION OF THE FOURTH OF JULY. 545

On the morning of the 4th, the Ninety-fifth Anniversary of
American Independence, the NINTH assembled at their armory
at an early hour, parading ten companies of sixteen files each,
marching thence to the rendezvous of the First division on the
Bowery, between Second and Fifth Streets. At half-past seven
the various regiments, which had formed on the side streets in
close column by companies, right resting on the Bowery,
wheeled into that thoroughfare, marching down to Canal Street,
to Broadway, to Fourteenth Street, to Sixth Avenue, to
Thirty-fourth Street, to Fifth Avenue, to the reviewing stand
at the Worth Monument. As the NINTH passed that point,
marching in excellent form, they were greeted with round after
round of applause from the assembled multitude.

Upon the stand were noticed a large number of military,
naval and civil gentlemen of distinction, among whom were
Admiral Le F^evre and staff of the Irrench frigate, Magicicnnc,
and Captains Ransom and Flouston, Surgeon Peck and
Lieutenant-Commander Woodward, U. S. N., Generals
Sheridan, Dakin, Jefferson C. Davis, Schuyler Hamilton,
Fountain of Texas, and Colonel Barr ; Mayor Hall, Judge
Brady, Commissioner Manierre and Alderman Twomey.

546 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

CHAPTER XXV.

THE ORANGE RIOT. 1871 (CONCLUDED).

Orangemen and Ribbon Men. — Anniversary of the Battle of the Boyne. — The Gover
nor's Proclamation.— The National Guard Called Out.— The Procession Attacked.
—The Mob Dispersed.— The Killed and Wounded of the NINTH. — Register of
Commissioned Officers. — Preparations for the Funeral. — The Ceremonies. — The
Funeral Procession. — Officers Visit Bennington, Vt., and Saratoga. — Reception
to the Grand Duke Alexis.

^HE Orange riot of 1871 was the result of an agitation and
incipient disturbance of the previous year. On July i2th,
1870, the societies of Orangemen, composed of North of Ire
land Protestants, accompanied by their friends, and Robertson's
Seventy-ninth regiment (Highlanders) band, were enjoying a
picnic at Lyon Park. The band, in obedience to the wishes of
those who employed them, played certain tunes, among which
were some that were particularly distasteful to the Ribbon-
men, who are all Catholics, and mainly from the South of Ire
land. A few of this latter class were then engaged upon some
public works near the park, and within sound of the obnoxious
music. The Orange societies had passed these men early in
the day, while marching to the park, and the laborers had no
ticed the regalia and banners of their " inveterate foes." By
the time the music reached their ears, later in the clay, the
passions of the Ribbon-men had been aroused, and, forgetting
that they were in a free country, made an assault upon the
picnic party, the result of which was the wounding of a number
on both sides. Threats were also made Inat in future no
Orangemen would be allowed to parade the streets of New
York city. The newspapers took up the discussion of the
matter — pro and con ; the opposing organizations were wrought
up to ahigh pitch of excitement. When the i2th of July, 1871,
rolled around, the rivals were at swords' point and ready for
an outbreak.

1871 THE ORANGE RIOT. 547

During the month of June and early July, the newspapers
published the determination of the Orangemen to parade on
the anniversary of the Battle of Boyne, peaceably if they could,
by force if necessary. The whole city was in a turmoil of ex-
cirement. On the i ith the following proclamation was issued :

I hereby give notice that any and all bodies of men desiring to assemble and march
in peaceable procession in this city to-morrow — the I2th instant — will be permitted to
do so. They will be protected, to the fullest extent possible, by the military and police
authorities. A military and police escort will be furnished to any body of men desiring
it, on application to me at my headquarters (which will be at Police Headquarters in
this city) at any time during the day. 1 warn all persons to abstain from interferenfe
with any such assemblage or procession, except by authority from me; and I give
notice, that all the powers at my command, civil and military, will be used to preserve
the public peace, and to put down, at all hazards, every attempt at disturbance ; and
I call upon all citizens, of every race and religion, to unite with me and the local
authorities in this determination to preserve the peace and honor of the city and State.

Dated at New York, this eleventh day of July A. D. 1871.

By the Governor, JOHN T. HOFFMAN.

JOHN I). VAN BURKN,

Private Secretary.

It was notorious that the Ribbon-men proposed to interfere
in the parade of the Orange societies. The former had been
drilling for months previous — their meetings for that purpose,
coupled with calls for recuits, having been freely advertised in
the papers. In accordance with the Governor's proclamation
an escort was applied for, and General Shaler was ordered to fur
nish the troops. The same day he issued the following :

SPECIAL ORDERS

No. 16.

II. In obedience to a requisition from the Civil Authorities, the following organiza
tions are hereby ordered to assemble at their respective armories, in fatigue dress,
fully armed and equipped for active service, on Wednesday, July I2th, at seven o'clock
A. M.

First, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, NINTH, Eleventh, Twelfth, Twenty-second, Sixty-
ninth, Seventy-first and Eighty-fourth regiments, infantry; Washington Gray Troop
Cavalry and Batteries C and G.

The infantry will be supplied with forty rounds of ammunition, and the artillery
with twenty rounds per gun. By order of

MAJOR-GENKRAL ALEXANDER SHALER.
WILLIAM H. CHESEBROUGH,

Col, A. A.'G. and Chief of Staff.

548 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

Agreeable to the order oqven the several commands assem-

o c>

bled and remained at their armories until near noon. Mean
while rumor was busy — -the word passed from mouth to mouth
that mobs were gathering all over the city, and that a deluge of
blood was imminent. In reality about three thousand men, in
six different bodies, had assembled, determined to fight the
issue, which was that day decided, it is to be hoped, forever.
At two o'clock P. M. the Orange societies assembled at their
rooms on Twenty-ninth Street, near Eighth Avenue, to which
point the military had repaired. The societies, under the mar-
shalship of Mr. John Johnston, were formed on Eighth Avenue,
the Seventh regiment in column of companies at the head, the
Twenty-second and Eighty-fourth in column of fours on each
flank, while the Sixth and NINTH were in column by companies
in the rear. Brigadier-General Joshua M. Varian was in com
mand, Lieutenant-Colonel William Seward, Jr., as Chief of Staff.
At the word of command the whole column moved forward
down Eighth Avenue, but before five minutes elapsed it was
evident that a collision would occur. The procession was sur
rounded by a dense throng of excited people, and the threats
that had been made soon resolved themselves into action.
Stones, bricks and other dangerous missiles were hurled at the
men in the ranks, and occasional pistol-shots added to the
excitement. As the march progressed the trouble increased.
The climax was reached as the center of the column — at three
o'clock — touched Twenty-fourth Street. At that point a perfect
hail of all species of missiles fell upon the Orangemen and their
escort; guns and pistols were also discharged at the marching
men, resulting in the killing outright of two members of the
NINTH and the wounding of six more. Two of the Sixth regi-

£> o

ment, three of the Seventh, and three of the Eighty-fourth were*
also wounded.

It was now, in self defence, that the military fired. One
volley was sufficient to produce the desired effect.

Before the smoke had cleared away, Eighth Avenue, between
Twenty-third and Twenty-sixth Streets — the space covered by
the procession — was clear of all rioters, save those dead or

1 87 1 THE PROCESSION ATTACKED. 549

severely wounded. The point blank volley had killed some
twenty-five and wounded about a hundred more, many of the
latter being carried off and concealed by their friends.

During the attack the column had halted, and the ranks
were somewhat broken, but the men were soon in their places
again ; after carefully attending to the dead and wounded, the
procession again moved forward, the left wing of the NINTH
being sent to take the place of the Eighty-fourth, until then
on the left flank of the Orangemen. The line wheeled into
Twenty-third Street, marched through to Fifth Avenue, to Four
teenth Street, thence to Fourth Avenue at Union Square. It
was here that the main attack had been expected, but the
terrible experience on Eighth Avenue had overawed the mob
and all was quiet, so far as any overt act was concerned. The
march was continued unmolested to the Cooper Union build
ing, which was at once surrounded by the troops ; the Orange
men passing inside, where they doffed their regalia and then
made their exit, singly, towards their homes. At half-past five
the military were ordered back to their armories, where they
remained on duty until the following day at noon, when all
outward excitement having been allayed, they were dismissed.
During the night some little excitement had been occasioned
by a ruffian, who occupied a room in a house on Twenty-seventh
Street, in rear of the armory of the NINTH, and who fired
several shots into the building, without, however, doing any
harm.

The following report was made by Lieutenant-Colonel

Braine :

NINTH REGIMENT, N. G. S. N. Y.,

New York, July 13, 1871.

This command assembled at the armory in compliance with Special Order, No. 16,
First Divison .leadquarters, at 7 A. M., July 12, 1871, and at 1.30 P. M. received
orders to report to Brig.-Gen. J. M. Varian, at Eighth Avenue and Twenty-ninth
Street. The regiment formed part of the escort to the Orange Lodge, and were fired
upon by the mob assembled between Twenty-seventh and Twenty-fourth Streets, in
Eighth Avenue. The fire was returned by two companies, F and K, and some few
men of the other companies. The following is a list of the casualties as far as known :

KILLED.

Sergeant Samuel Wyatt, Company F.
Private H. C. Page, Company K.

THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

WOUNDED.

Colonel James Fisk, Jr., ankle, by a spent ball, slight ; Captain B. W. Spencer,
back, by a brick, Co. K ; Sergeant Thomas S. Byres, kicked by mob, Co. B ; Privates,
Walter R. Pryor and McGowan, legs, Co. A ; Private 1). Burns, stabbed in back, Co.
E.

Two others are reported wounded, but nothing definite is yet known. The com
mand returned to the armory about 6.30 P. M., and remained on duty until 9 o'clock
A. M. this day.

CHARLES R. BRAINE,
Lteiitenant-Colonel Commanding NINTH Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y.

Sergeant Wyatt was a jeweller by occupation and had been
a member of his company for over ten years. He went to the
front with the regiment in 1861, and at his death — by a pistol
shot — was thirty years of age. Henry C. Page was the busi
ness agent of the Grand Opera House, was well known in
theatrical circles and was about forty-three years of age. His
death was caused by a brick, thrown by one of the mob, and
which crushed his head in such a manner as to render his
features almost unrecognizable.

There were thirty-three commissioned officers and four
hundred and forty-one enlisted men present with the regiment.
The commissioned officers, with date of rank, are here given :

Colonel James Fisk, Jr., . . . April 7th, 1870.

Lieutenant-Colonel Charles R. Braine, Nov. loth, 1865.

Major James R. Hitchcock, . . . March 29th, 1870.

Adjutant Adgar S. Allien, . . . August 1 7th, 1868.

Quartermaster Jordan S. Bailey, . . May i 7th, 1867.

Surgeon George Thompson, . . April 7th, 1870.

Commissary Henry Harley, . . July i7th, 1870.

Chaplain Edward O. Flagg, . . June 26th, 1871.

Captain Henry Miller, Co. A, . . October 3ist, 1869.
First Lieutenant M. P. L. Montgomery,

Company A, .... October 3ist, 1869.

Captain Robert B. Martin, Co. B, . April 2ist, 1870.
Second Lieutenant William J. Kirkland,

Company B, .... October 2ist, 1870.

Captain Gustavus A. Fuller, Co. C, . April igth, 1870.

1871 REGISTER JULY TWELFTH.

551

Second Lieutenant John C. C. Tallman,

Company C, September 29th, 1870.

Captain Robert B. Courtney, Co. D, . October 25th, 1869.
First Lieutenant Edward S. Bowlend,

Company D, December 27th, 1870.

Second Lieutenant Frederick F. Valen
tine, Company D, ... December 27th, 1870.
Captain Robert B. Cable, Co. K, . February i7th, 1871.
First Lieutenant Edward J. Lewis, Co. E, May 2oth, 1870.
Second Lieutenant George \V. Palfrey,

Company E, . . . . . May 2nd, 1871.
Captain William E Van Wyck, Co. F, March 26th, 1867.
Second Lieutenant William H. King,

Company F, . . . . . April igth, 1870.
Captain John T. Pryer, Co. G, . . March 28th, 1867.
Second Lieutenant David Wolff, Co. G, April i6th, 1869.
Captain Dow S. Kittle, Co. H, . . October 7th, 1870.
First Lieutenant John T. Smith, Co. H, April i3th, 1869.
Second Lieutenant James Slater, Co. H, June 24th, 1870.
Captain Arthur Blaney, Co. I, . . April 8th, 1868.
First Lieutenant George A. Hussey,

Co. I, ...... March ist, 1871.

Second Lieutenant James J. DeBarry,

Company I, . . . . . December 7th, 1870.
Captain Bird W. Spencer, Co. K, . April igth, 1870.
First Lieutenant Alonzo P. Bacon, Co.

K, March 27th, 1871.

Second Lieutenant James A. Mulligan,

Company K, .... March 27th, 1871.

The killing and wounding of so many people on that memo
rable day — a day until then having no special significance to
the average American — was the cause of an animated and
angry discussion by several newspapers ; some of which
blamed the military for firing on the people, claiming that the
provocation received was not sufficient to warrant such whole
sale slaughter. Perhaps the critics expected the troops to

552 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

wait until a few more of their number had been shot down be
fore defending themselves ! And even then have fired only
with blank cartridges! The matter was fully investigated by
the proper authorities and the National Guard exonerated
from all blame. It is true — as is always the case in such un
fortunate occurrences — that many were injured who were mere
ly lookers-on, and who took no part in the violation of law and
order. One of these, a resident of Brooklyn, while lying in
the hospital, said that just before leaving his home that morn
ing, he handed his landlady the amount of his week's board
bill, playfully remarking that he intended going over to New
York to see the fun, and might get killed. The man died from
the effects of his wounds.

On the 1 4th Colonel Fisk, who had repaired to Long
Branch to rest and recuperate from the injuries received on the
I2th, telegraphed the Lieutenant-Colonel as follows :

Lieut.-Col. CHAS. R. BRAINE,

Grand Opera House :

Have received dispatch as to disposition of the remains of Sergeant Wyatt and
Private Page. The funeral at 2 o'clock on Sunday next is what I desire. You will
issue the necessary orders to the regiment and band at once. Also, if the matter in
Mr. Wash. E. Connor's dispatch, about buying ground in Woodlawn, meets your
views, and if the relatives of our gallant dead desire them to be buried there, have
Mr. Connor make the necessary purchase and arrangements.

I want everything done that is right and appropriate, that was ever done for any
heroes, and I do not desire the question of expense to enter into our arrangements.

JAMES FISK, JR.,

Colonel.

In response to the generous and true-hearted commander's
desires, the following order was issued :

HEADQUARTERS NINTH REGIMENT, THIRD BRIGADE,

FIRST DIVISION, N G. S. N. Y.,

New York, July \^th, 1871.
GENERAL ORDERS, )
No. 8. \

The officers and members of this command will assemble in full dress uniform,
white trousers, gloves and belts, on Sunday next, July i6th, for the purpose of paying
the last tribute of respect to our late comrades, Sergeant Wyatt and Private Page.

Roll-call of companies at the armory, at one o'clock P. M. Non-commissioned
staff, band and field music will report to the Adjutant at the same time and place.
Field and staff (dismounted) will report to the Colonel at one-fifteen o'clock P. M.

1871 FUNERAL OF WYATT AND PAGE. 553

The members of Companies F and K will wear the usual badge of mourning for
thirty days. Officers of the regiment will wear the badge of mourning on the day of
the funeral.

By order of

COLONEL JAMES FISK, JR.
EDGAR S. ALLIEN,

Adjutant,

The following account of the funeral services is from the
Army and Navy Journal :

FUNERAL OF WYATT AND PAGE.

Never did New York offer a more spontaneous — a more universal — ovation to
departed heroism. From all parts of the city crowds assembled, long before the hour
of the funeral, to do honor to the noble dead, and at Calvary P. E. Church, corner
Fourth Avenue and Twenty-first Street, the highways were for hours impassable,
owing to the pressure of the populace.

The remains of Sergeant Wyatt were taken from his late residence, No. 101
MacDougal Street, while those of Private Page were removed from Mr. Stephen
Merritt's.undertaker, on Eighth Avenue, to the Calvary Church, starting at about i .30 P.
M. The troops parading assembled at their armories, and a little after one o'clock
proceeded to the NINTH regiment armory, where the military pageant was formed.
This consisted of detachments of the First, Twelfth and Seventy-first, the NINTH
parading in a body, all in full dress uniform. The troops, as they proceeded to the
church, made a magnificent display, the NINTH and Seventy-first, in white trousers
and cross belts, attracting marked attention and receiving many compliments. On
reaching the church, the NINTH (with arms at a carry — loaded) — and the detach
ments filed therein.

The church was crowded, and the sight of the numerous and brilliant uniforms of
the military, and the death-like silence of all the surroundings, was very affecting.
When all had finally entered and become seated, the beautiful and impressive service
of the Episcopal Church was read by the Chaplain, Rev. E. O. Flagg, D. D. ; assisted by
the Rev. Wm. Walker, Rector of the church, and Arthur Lawrence. The Rev. Chap
lain Flagg ascended the pulpit and said : Before commencing my discourse, I will read
a brief note from the Colonel of the NINTH:

" Will you say to our soldiers to-morrow, for me, that I am not able to pay the last
tribute to the noble men who so willingly did their duty for law and order, and gave
up for that cause, all a soldier has to give — his life. God bless our regiment ; and, be
lieving that at this time of our great bereavement — the All-powerful — to whom we so
truly now pay homage, has done that which is righteous and just, though painful for
us, I willingly bow my head and heart in thanksgiving and prayer, and we must abide
the verdict, which has been rendered by Him."

"JAMES FISK, JR."

The funeral address by the Chaplain of the regiment was
very appropriate, and from which the following extracts are
taken :

554 TIIE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

" The Lord's voice crteth unto the city." — MlCAH vi : 9.

' Loudly does it speak in this instance. It is charged with the momentousness
of a thousand thunderbolts. It lias almost the supernal energy of the voice heard in
Eden in the cool of the day, when the pair sought to hide themselves from its awful
portents. How mysterious and monitory the death-story inscribed in these insignias of
woe. Two citizen-soldiers enshrouded and coffined. What volumes do they offer
(o our perusal? Ordinarily would such a sight seem fraught with solemnity and
sadness — under existing circumstances the suggestiveness of the scene can hardly be
estimated. You are all familiar with the events of the past few days, in which these
two persons so conspicuously figured. Description can lend but little interest in
the intense, vital earnestness of the facts themselves. They are a part of the stirring
record of history. * * *

" Freedom to worship God " was lisped in the nursery, chanted in a mother's lulla
by, echoing to the unbound wave that uttered its monotone on the wild New England
coast. The whizzing ball of the Revolution baptized the dear-bought truth i:\ the
blood of many a foeman. Surrender this our heritage, and we surrender everything
that is near and dear to the American heart. * * *

"If the Declaration of American Independence is to be read by all, should that be
withheld which afforded us such declaration ? All the .emancipation for the body is
nothing without Christian emancipation — that of the spirit ; and coward indeed is he,
and un-American, who will allow the jewel of his being, the conscience, to be fettered,
the healthful Word of God to be crippled in any of its influences. When freedom to
worship God and liberty of conscience are taken away, we shall have no liberty what
ever left, and we might as well at once cringe to the despots of Europe. * * *

" Ye relatives and immediute friends of the departed — with deep sorrow a joy mingles
in your respective cases — you have lost dear ones, but O ! they have earned a name,
which will always live in the annals of true greatness. Upon you and your descend
ants are reflected the glories of genuine patriotism, imperishable renown. You are
related to martyrs to religious and civil liberty. Side by side in the graveyard will they
sleep, and their turf will be perennially green in precious memories, and gently will
the air of liberty play around their not-to-be-forgotten resting places. Awakened by
the last trumpet-call, they shall be summoned to the peaceful barracks, dwelling
eternally with the Captain of their salvation.

'Gentlemen of the NINTH, you have won goodly laurels. Not to detract from the
meritoriousness of the other Corps, Military and Police, who have acquitted themselves
with such honor, you have achieved a fame which envy or detraction may not take
away. ' Officers and men have placed themselves in the foremost ranks of citizen
soldiery. From your generous and gallant commander downward, you have shown
most commendable bravery. Seek to be soldiers of Christ, true to God, true to liberty
and true to your country. * * *

" Friends of foreign birth, either Protestant or Roman Catholics, gladly do we
welcome you, infused with the spirit of your adopted country. You will be protected
in every personal right, civil or religious. Everything we claim of you, will we concede
toyou,'.but no more. We are most tenacious of our dear-bought liberties, and shall
defend them to the last drop of our blood. But we trust to be friends, and that we
may both be found working in the common cause of freedom in church or in State.
May the events of the past few days be wasted on none of us, but may we increase in
wisdom and in national unity until this goodly Republic will have fulfilled the promise
of the last eventful century, Amen."

FUNERAL PARADE. 555

At the conclusion of the services, the storm that had threatened so long came on
with unusual fury. The troops at this time had all filed from the church, and were get
ting into position ; but when the rain came down, there was a general scampering of the
main portion of the populace and a portion of the troops, the NINTH taking the brunt
of the storm like soldiers, and in the same soldierly manner as they took the lead
storm on Wednesday, July twelfth. The storm was very severe, a terrific rain and
hail falling, accompanied by a most severe high wind, uprooting trees, and filling ihe
streets with large broken branches. After the storm had abated, the troops were re
formed, and the solemn pageant took up the march to the Harlem Railroad Depot, at
Forty-second Street, in the following order :

Inspector Walling and six hundred policemen.

Veterans of the NINTH, Major Charles S. Strong Commanding, in two platoons.
NINTH regiment, Lieutenant Colonel Charles R. Braine Commanding, ten companies

of eighteen files.

Brigadier-General Varian and staff.
Officers of the Eighth, Thirteenth, Fifty-fifth regiments, and other officers of the First

and Second divisions.
Seventy-first regiment, Mayor Eugene S. Eunson, four companies of twenty files.

First regiment, Mayor John H. Perley, two companies of ten files.
Twelfth regiment. Colonel John Ward, Jr., six companies of fourteen files.

Platoon of Police.

The solemn column, in common time, took its course up Fourth Avenue through
Twenty-fourth Street, and Madison Avenue, to the railroad depot, where .-ill the
military, with the exception of the NINTH, were dismissed, and returned to their
respective armories.

The NINTH then took the cars for Woodlawn, where they were received by four
companies of the Third Regiment, Colonel Fay.

The ride to Woodlawn was full of excitement and discomfort. Every man was
drenched to the skin, and the cool, sharp breeze through the windows struck with an
icy and dangerous effect.

The procession wended its way through the cemetery, the band playing the dead
march in " Saul." The regimental plot was at length reached. * * *

The regiment then formed in a hollow square around the graves, muskets at " Rest
on Arms," when Chaplain Flagg offered a short prayer ; after which three volleys were
fired over the graves, and the mournful procession returned to the cars and came back
to the city. The regiment was preceded by a heavy platoon of police on its return
to the armory, and was loudly applauded as it turned into its headquarters. * * *

The mournful duty did not end with the burial on the i6th,
for on the following day, Walter R. Pryor, who had lingered
in great agony, died, and his funeral occurred on the 2oth.
The regiment assembled at the armory and proceeded to the
Calvary P. E. Church in order to pay the last tribute of
respect to this comrade. The NINTH, on this occasion, was
escorted by Company B, Captain Alonzo Dutch, of the Seven-

THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

ty-ninth Highlanders, and a delegation from the Twenty-sec
ond regiment. After a touching and appropriate address by
the Chaplain, the members filed past the remains, which were
then conveyed, under the escort of the regiment and the Sev
enty-ninth, to Woodlawn, and interred with full military honors
in the regimental plot.

Walter R. Pryor was in the full bud of early manhood,
about twenty-four years of age, and the son of Mr. and Mrs.
J. J. Pryor, well-known members of the theatrical profession ;
he was a photographer by occupation.

The Board of Officers, having been invited by the citizens
of Bennington, Vt, to visit that city on August the i6th and
assist in the anniversary exercises of the revolutionary battle
fought there, left New York on the evening of the i5th, ac
companied by a band of twenty pieces. The route was by way
of the Albany and Troy boat, and on arrival at the latter place,
on the morning of the i6th, the party was met by Coloriel
Steenburg and staff, who, amid a salvo of artillery, escorted
them to the special train in waiting, by which they were con
veyed to Bennington. That historic town was reached at noon,
where the Twenty-fourth regiment met and escorted their guests
to the place of meetirg. The town was handsomely decorated, a
large banner in front of the Yates House bearing the inscrip
tion : " Welcome New York NINTH." The literary exercises
were held in Morgan's Grove, and consisted of an opening
prayer, followed by an introductory address by the president of
the day, after which the principal address was delivered by
Mr. Herbert. At the conclusion of the address, and upon
repeated calls from the large audience, Colonel Fisk made a
short and humorous speech.- The representatives of the
NINTH were then taken in charge by the citizens, who took
them to their homes and royally entertained them during the
evening.

On the morning of the iyth a special train conveyed the
party to Troy and from there to Saratoga, which was reached
at noon. The Grand Union Hotel was made headquarters,
and a most enjoyable time was spent in visiting the Springs

1871 OFFICERS VISIT BENNINGTON, VT. 557

and various other points of interest — including the races.
The band added much to the pleasure of the trip, and while at
the famous spa discoursed sweet music to large and apprecia
tive audiences. At six o'clock P. M. of the i8th the party left
for Albany, where they boarded the night boat Connecticut, and
reached the metropolis early the next morning. The excursion
ists were somewhat tired and "broke up " —perhaps — but were
all conscious of having had a "glorious good time."

' BEN NIN(TH)GTON."

Shamus, nabokalish, I thought ye were done
Running round the whole coon try enjoying
The fruits oiyc'r labors, (/. e.) the tin olye'r neighbors;
Bad cess ioye'r pocket that's burning.
Yeve hardly got back from that great " Boston Dipper"
And left oft ye' r straps andjvV trappings so grand,
Before ye begin, ivid loud noise and din,
To lay iioidd of Var mount, the Green Mountain land.

I'll houldyo. a pound, and I know the bet's sound,
That the welkin ne'er rang with such laughter,
With bould Fuller there to sit in the chair
And yell out, " Fritz, hand round more lager."
At shouldering arms, shure he caused great alarms,
Whin ycrsclf so convayniently toiild him
" Such antics as those, and right under my nose,
I'll be blowed if I'll i-vir be standing."

But judge me surprise whin, on last Monday morning,
As meself I was dressing, as fast as I could, shure,
Little dhraming or thinking of the honor in waiting,

Whin a gray-coated postman gave a rap at the dhure.

Thin, ray sing the windy, I axed him quitefrindfy

Wild he plazc be so kind as to tell me the rayson

For why and for what was all this about ;

Says he. ' Gineral, pardon, I've Jem s invitashutt."

" Hurrooh," thin says I, " I knew it, my boy,

Now come in and we'll have an eye-opener :

But first, fore we dhrink" said I, ivid a wink,
" How goes it \\\\.\\Jcmmie's poor ' ankler ?'
" Troth, indade thin," said he, " acushla macree,

But poorly — I'm sorry to mint ion:

For on my sow/, as I live, I firmly bjelave

To kill him was the mob's rale intintion."

THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

Thin, grabbing my bag, and saddling my nag,

I started to raich the big stay»ier

That run up and down \\\&foine strame of renown,

¥>y gemographers called Hudson River.

All aboard" shouts the Captain, " Amtn" says the Chaplin,

As the sailors lay Jiould of the hawser,

With a hael-e-ymv hoo now for Ballynamoo,

And the band struck up " Larry the Rouser."

Arrived thin at Troy, t'was glorious, my bhoy,

To see the bould Trojans who mustered

In grey coats and britches, wid ice-creams and sandwiches^

Pan my sowl, I became quite dumbflustered.

The carridge I rode in was made by Pat Griffin,

And so proudly I sat in my sate,

That \\\egur/s cried hurrah, here's Fisk's brother-in-law,

My_y.? niver starve for the want of a. good mate

At the ball in the evening, ye be hardly beleeving ,

The/0/«6' soights wn&foine ladies I saw there.

To see Col. O'Fisk, sure a bating iheflure,

In a four-handed waits wid Mrs. O'Harc,

It's myself was astounded, and nearly dumbfounded,

Whin brave Blanchard, he gave me the wink,

Wid a " Whist now, my boy — the Mayor Molloy
Says we'll all go and have a big dhrink."

Of coarse I consinted, and drank quite continted,
As meself was not paying the same,
Whin ould Toby, or Noby, the divil may scure him,
Came up, and he axed for my name.
I gave him my hard on a piece of pasteboard,
And he shouted in great exultashun,
Miss Biddy McGlure wud dance on \\\&flure
hero of this grand occashun,

I paid my addresses, and tould my distresses,
Saying, I'm proud for to have the high honor
Of layding before thim, in pink silk and satin,
Such a charming, beu'ichtng young craytur.
Parley -nous France" thin, says she, which manes do ye dance ?
As a sticker to me, <\oye mind,

Digcthengaelic," says I, " how will that do for high t
e Frinch, I do not compre/iind."

Thin bidding adieu to the good old Varnwunters,

We started and raiched Saratogy,

Where we found them all waiting, wid f vine drin'- ing and aiting,

1871 RECEPTION OF THE GRAND DUKE ALEXIS. 1559

For " O'Fisk " and his whole gallant party.
They vied wid aich other in trayting us daycint.
And \\\z.gurls, musha more power to their elbow,
Tried hard for to coax us, bad cess to their hoaxes,
That meself was ay^/w-looking fellow.

•' KF.KGAN."

At a meeting of the Board of Officers on the 2oth it was
voted that the members of the regiment against whom — on July
1 2th — any delinquencies had been pending, and who had been
on duty on that day, should be excused and the fines remitted.

On the i ith of October the regiment paraded for inspection
at Tompkins Square. Out of a total membership of seven
hundred and eighty-five, seven hundred and twenty-two were
present, a remarkable attendance, and which conclusively
proved that the old esprit dc corps had been revived and that
the NINTH was one of the best disciplined regiments in the
National Guard.

On the 2 ist the regiment paraded as part of the escort to
the Grand Duke Alexis of Russia. The various organiza
tions participating formed on Broadway and extended from the
Battery to Canal Street. The procession moved in the follow
ing order :

Platoon of Police.

Superintendent of Police, James J. Kelso, in carriage.
Battalion of Police.

Band.
First Brigade, National Guard, Brigadier-General William G. Ward and staff.

mounted.
Seventh regiment, Colonel Enimons Clark.

Band.

*" 'iV^ d Carriage containing Grand [Jl 3 "^

& % 2. £ Duke, Russian Minister'* P-H.~B.

— Cj °" Catenazy, General John <; o • ~

'G-v3 £.2 A. Dix and W. H. Aspin-

wall, Esq. % %°3. §

Carriage with Admiral Possiett, Russian Navy ; Vice-Admiral Rowan, U. S. Navy ;

General Gorloff, Russian Army, and General Irvin McDowell, U. S. A.
Carriage with Russian High Chancellor of State Vesseiag, Governor E. D. Morgan of

New York, Count Olsonfieff and Moses H. Grinnell, Esq.

Sixteen Carriages with distinguished foreigners, prominent citizens, and Russian and
American Army and Navy Officers

THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1871

Band.

Twelfth regiment, Colonel John Ward, Jr.

Sixty-ninth regiment, Colonel James Cavanagh.

Seventy-first regiment, Colonel Harry Rockafeller.

Seventy-ninth regiment, Colonel John J. Shaw.

Band.

Brigadier-General John B. Woodward and staff.
Twenty-third regiment, Colonel Rodney C. Ward.
Forty-seventh regiment, Colonel David E. Austin.

Band.

Second brigade.

Brigadier-General Augustus Funk and staff.

Fifth regiment, Colonel John E. Benclix.

Sixth regiment, Colonel Frank Sterry.

Eighty-fourth regiment, Colonel Fred. A. Conklin.

Ninety-sixth regiment, Colonel D. Krehbiel.

Band.

New Jersey troops.
Brigadier-General Plume and staff.

First regiment, Major Hunt.

Second regiment, Colonel Allen.

Fourth regiment, Colonel Van Buskirk.

Fifth regiment, Colonel Huntley.

Band.

Third brigade.

Brigadier-General J. M. Varian and staff.

First regiment, Colonel Almar P. Webster.

Eighth regiment, Colonel George D. Scott.

NINTH regiment, Colonel James Fisk, Jr.

Fifty-fifth regiment, Colonel William B. Allen.

Carriage containing distinguished citizens.

Platoon of Police.

The NINTH paraded ten companies of twenty-two files each.
At eleven P. M. the officers, accompanied by the band, visited
the Grand Duke at the Clarendon Hotel. The band played a
number of selections, among which were the Russian Hymn
and Etoile du Nord.

Beginning with the istof the month weekly drills had been
held at the armory, at which over fifty per cent, of the members
were present. The Fall months showed a marked increase
in the proficiency attained, the new recruits were attentive to
their duties and all were enthusiastic over the name and fame
of the regiment.

DEATH OF COLONEL FISK. 561

CHAPTER XXVI.

DEATH OF COLONEL FISK.

1872.

The Colonel's Ante Mortem Statement. — Meeting of the Members of the NINTH. —
Official Announcement.— The Funeral.— Burial at Brattleboro, Vt.— Verdict of
the Coroner's Jury.— Sketch of the Life of Colonel Fisk.— Funeral of Captain
Dalrymple. — Interment of General Robert Anderson at West Point. — Expulsion
of Delinquent Members. — Canvassing for a Colonel. — A Lady Applicant. — Cele
brating the Eleventh Anniversary of the Departure for the War. — Memorial Day
Exercises. — Colonel Braine in Command. — Fourth of July.— Excursion of Com
pany G. — Governor's Day. — Company H Reception. — Company D Entertain
ment. — Soiree Magique.

"HE new year opened with bright prospects for the NINTH.
Never before in its history, since the close of the war, were its
members so active and enthusiastic in the performance of their
duties, and yet it was upon the verge of an experience few
regiments, in time of peace, are called upon to pass through.
At four o'clock on the afternoon of Saturday, the 6th of Jan
uary, the city was startled by the report that Colonel Fisk had
been assassinated by Edward S. Stokes, at the Grand Central
Hotel.* The news spread on the wings of lightning and
became the leading topic of conversation. The story of the
shooting, as briefly narrated by the victim in his ante mortem
deposition to Coroner Young, at eight o'clock that evening,
is as follows :

This afternoon at about four o'clock I rode to the Grand Central Hotel. I entered
by the private entrance, and when I entered the first door" I met the boy, of whom
I inquired if Mrs. Morse was in. He told me that Mrs. Morse and her youngest
daughter had gone out, but he .thought the other daughter was in her grandmother's
room. I asked him to go up and tell the daughter that I was there. I came through
the other door, and was going up stairs, and had gone up about two steps, and
on looking up, I saw Edward S. Stokes at the head of the stairs. As soon as I
saw him, I noticed that he had Something in his hand, and a second after I saw the
Hash, heard the report, and felt the ball enter my abdomen, on the right side. A
second after I heard another shot, and the bullet entered my left arm. When I
received the first shot I staggered, and ran towards the door, but noticing a crowd
gathering in front, I ran back to the stairs again. I was then brought up stairs in

562 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 187-

the hotel. I saw nothing more of Stokes, until he was brought before me by an
officer, for identification. I fully identified Edward S. Stokes as the person who
shot me.

(Signed) JAMES FISK, JR.

The evening and night wore slowly away, during which
time Doctor Carnochan, who had been summoned by telegraph,
assisted by Doctors Fisher, Wood, and Tripler, did all that
medical and surgical skill could suggest to save their patient's
life. A crowd of sympathising friends thronged the corridors
of the hotel, eagerly inquiring as to the condition of the
wounded man and the chances of his recovery. Mrs. Fisk
and other relatives arrived, who, with a few intimate friends
only, were allo\ved to see the Colonel. On Sunday morning
the doctors gave up all hope of being able to save his life, but
their efforts were unremitting in endeavoring to alleviate his
terrible sufferings. At eleven o'clock this wonderful man
breathed his last.

As soon as it was known that Colonel Fisk was dead, nearly
all the members of the regiment gathered, informally, at the
armory, to talk over the matter and console each other upon
the great loss sustained. This quiet, sad gathering, gave rise
to the foolish report, and which originated in the mind of some
malignant enemy of the National Guard, that the NINTH
intended to break the peace, take the law into its own hands,
and lynch the assassin of their beloved chief. The record of
the regiment should have exempted it from such an imputation,
even from its enemies ; certainly no thoughtful person believed
that the members of the NINTH would so far forget their
allegiance to the civil law. This assemblage of the rank and file
resolved itself, as do all peaceful gatherings when any great
question is to be discussed, into a meeting of sympathy, and Ser
geant S. A. Schoonmaker was called to the chair. A committee
to prepare suitable resolutions expressing the sense of the meet
ing upon the awful calamity, was appointed, who shortly after
wards reported, and the resolutions were unanimously adopted.
The Board of Officers met in the evening at the Grand Opera
House, to make arrangements for the funeral, and while in ses-

1872 HKICJADE AND REGIMENTAL ORDERS. 563

sion were waited upon by a committee on behalf of the Veteran
Association, who asked, and received permission, to attend the
funeral A committee also, from the rank and file, which had
been appointed at their meeting during the day, asked that the
regiment be allowed to accompany the remains to Brattleboro,
Vt., the place of interment. This, however, could not be
granted. The regiment could do no more than attend the

o o

services held in the city, and the officers alone would accompany
the remains to Vermont. The Board of Officers appointed a
committee to draft resolutions, the committee to report at the
next meeting.

During the day the following orders were issued:

HEADQUARTERS THIRD BRIGADE,

FIRST DIVISION. N. G. S. N. Y.,

New York, Jan. ~jth, 1872.

GENERAL ORDERS, )
No. i. i

I. It is with deep regret that the Brigadier-General commanding announces the
death of Colonel James Fisk, Jr., NINTH Regiment Infantry. His loss will be severely
felt, and his place not easily filled in the National Guard.

II. The NINTH Regiment is hereby detailed as funeral escort, and will assemble at
their armory on Jan. 8th, at twelve o'clock, M.

III. The following named officers are requested to act as pall-bearers :

Colonel Emmons Clark, Seventh Regiment ; Colonel George D. Scott, Eighth Regi
ment ; Colonel William B. Allen, Fifty-fifth Regiment ; Colonel Frank Sterry, Sixth
Regiment ; Colonel Josiah Porter, Twenty-second Regiment ; Lieut.-Colonel A. P.
Webster, First Regiment.

IV. The Brigade staff will assemble at No. 60 St. Mark's Place, at 12 o'clock. M.
fully equipped. (Dismounted.)

V. As a tribute of respect, the officers will wear the usual badge of mourning for
thirty days.

VI. The officers of the division are respectfully invited to attend, in full uniform.

By order of

BRIGADIER-GENERAL J. M. VARIAN.
WILLIAM SEWARD, JR.,

A. A. G. and Chief of Staff.

HEADQUARTERS NINTH REGIMENT,
THIRD BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION, N. G. S. N. Y.,

New York, Jan. "jth, 1872.
GENERAL ORDERS, }
No. i. \

In compliance with orders from Brigade Headquarters, this command will assem
ble at the armorj', in full uniform, (white cross and body belts, white gloves) with crape
on left arm, on Monday, Jan. 8th, to pay the last tribute of respect to our lamented
Colonel, at i 2 o'clock, M. Field and Staff (dismounted) will report to the Lieutenant-

564 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1872

Colonel, commanding ; non-commissioned staff, band and field music to the Adjutant,
at the same time and place. By order of

LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES R. BRAINE.
EDGAR S. ALLIEN, Adjutant.

On Monday, the 8th, Superintendent Kelso detailed a
large force of police, under command of Drill Master Copeland,
for guard duty about the Grand Opera House, where the
body of Colonel Fisk had been conveyed. A great multitude
of people — men, women, and children — soon filled Twenty-
third Street. The roofs of houses, and the windows overlooking

the scene, were also filled with interested spectators ; even the
cross beams of lamp- posts held the irrepressible small boy.
All were anxious to view the remains of the famous Colonel.

At noon precisely the muffled drums sounded the assembly
at the armory, and the NINTH formed, with ten companies of
twenty-two files. Marching with solemn step to Eighth Ave
nue, thence towards the Opera House, the dense mass of people
who filled the street yielding space, and exhibiting — more by
their actions than by their words — the sympathy they felt with
the bereaved regiment. The members entered the building
from Twenty-third Street, in single file, passed by the remains,
making their exit by the Eighth Avenue entrance, then form
ing on that street and waiting while the public were admitted.
When the casket was closed the cortege was formed as follows :

Police.
NINTH Regiment Band.

Drum Corps.

Aschenbroedel Society.

Officers Narragansett Steamship Company.

NINTH Regiment.

Erie Railroad Employees. •

Carriages of Mourners.

Col. Sterry.
Col. Allen.
Gen. Funk.

Lieut. -Col. Webster.
Col. Scott.
Col. Clark.

Col. Fisk's horse.

Two platoons Enlisted Men of the National Guard.
Six platoons Officers of the National Guard.

Gen. Varian and Staff.
NINTH Regiment Veterans, Gen. John Hendrickson.

Police.
Carriages.

1872 FUNERAL OF COLONEL FISK. 565

The sidewalks, balconies, windows and steps, as well as the
roofs of houses, along the line of march to the New Haven
railroad station, at Twenty-sixth Street and Fourth Avenue,
were filled with a quiet, orderly mass of humanity. There
was something awful in the solemn stillness, broken only by
the funeral roll of muffled drums. Upon arriving at the sta
tion the casket was" transferred to the funeral car ; two others,
also heavily draped, receiving the relatives and friends and the
officers of the NINTH. As the train moved out the various
companies of the regiment, under the Orderly Sergeants,
marched back to the armory and were dismissed.

When the train left the city there was no snow to be seen ;
the weather was clear and cold. As the train moved eastward
and northward the cold increased. After leaving Hartford the
car windows became incrusted with ice, and at Springfield snow
was seen upon the ground. At both of these cities thousands
of people had gathered to see the funeral train. Brattleboro
was reached at half-past eleven in the evening, and even at
that late hour, and though it was ten degrees below zero, the
station was so crowded with the friends and acquaintances of
the deceased, that it was with great difficulty the funeral party
could move. A large number of sltighs had been provided,
upon one of which the casket was placed, and, surrounded by
the guard of officers, was conveyed to the Revere House.
The officers remained on guard during the night.

The next morning, with the first streak of dawn, the jingle
of sleig'i bells was heard, as the country people for miles
around came pouring into the town. Everybody knew
Colonel Fisk ; his boyhood and young manhood had been
passed in their midst, and all were anxious to pay his remains
the last tribute of respect. Those who knew him best, loved
and honored him the most, and among the lar^e concourse of

c> O

people which overflowed the little town, there was not heard a
•word, except of praise, and his death was alluded to with
feelings of deep regret. At half-past eleven a hearse conveyed
the remains to the Baptist Church, and the building was soon
crowded with people. At one o'clock the organ pealed forth a

566 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1872

solemn voluntary, after which the choir sang an appropriate
selection. Following the opening prayer of the pastor, Rev.
Mr. Jenkins, Chaplain Flagg delivered an impressive sermon.
Among other things he said, in conclusion : " A man of his
strong characteristics must necessarily have strong faults, as
well as strong virtues, and that there was every reason to
believe he died in the faith of Jesus, having remarked —
when informed that there was little hopes of his recovery —
" All right, it is the will of God, and I submit."

After the sermon Chaplain Flagg read the solemn and im
pressive burial service, after which an opportunity was afforded
for a last look at the remains. The casket was then closed,
and the pall-bearers — Lieutenant-Colonel Braine, Major Hitch
cock, and Captains Van Wyck, Miller, Spencer and Borrowe —
conveyed the casket to the hearse. At half-past two the
procession moved towards the cemetery, about a mile distant,
the greater part of the assembled multitude following. At the
grave Chaplain Flagg made a brief prayer, and the mortal
remains of Colonel Fisk were consigned to the keeping of
Mother Earth.

The officers of the NINTH remained at Brattleboro until
the following morning and then took the train, arriving in due
time in New York.

At the proper time a Coroner's jury — composed of M. B.
Field, James R. Edwards, William H. Locke, John J. Gor
man, Lowell Lincoln, Alexander McKenzie, Jesse Hoyt, David
Dows, George Opdyke, Henry Clews, William M. Bliss and
A. V. Stout — inquired into the cause of Colonel Fisk's death,
and presented the following verdict.

The jury find, upon the testimony submitted at this inquest, that the deceased
Jas. Fisk, Jr., came to his death, at the Grand Central Hotel, in the city of New York,
on the 7th day of January, 1872, at or about ten minutes before eleven o'clock A. M.,
in consequence of a wound or wounds inflicted by a ball or balls, from a pistol in the
hands of Edward S. Stokes, discharged by him in a deliberate manner, at the person
of said Fisk, at the Grand Central Hotel aforesaid, on the 6th day of January, 1872,
at or about four o'clock P. M.

Colonel James Fisk, Jr., was born in Bennington, Vermont,
April i, 1834, and was, therefore, thirty-seven years of ao-e on

SKETCH O¥ THE LI1-E OF COLONEL FISK. 567

his last birthday. When about in his tenth year, his parents
moved to Brattleboro, where he passed the remainder of his
youth and early manhood. His aptitude for business was
early discerned by his father, who encouraged him in his
"swapping" and trading with the boys of the school and neigh
borhood.

At seventeen he became a clerk for his father, but this
sphere of action was too contracted ; he therefore made his way
to Boston and there found employment with Messrs. Jordan,
Marsh & Co. At his suggestion that house took government
contracts, which, during the continuance of the war, amounted
to from eight to ten millions of dollars, and as Colonel Fisk
shared in the profits, thus laid the basis of his fortune.

About the ^ear 1858 he was married to Miss Lucy D.
Moore, of Springfield, Mass.

In 1864 he purchased the Stonington Line of steamers,
including the Bristol, Providence, Plymouth Rock and Com
monwealth for $1,000,000 ; and coming to New York to reside,
commenced with Daniel Drew to operate in stocks and bonds.
In 1865 the firm of Fisk, Belden & Co. was formed, which
dealt largely in government securities, railroad and other stocks,
and at one time the firm were on the verge of ruin.

In 1867, assisted by Boston capitalists, the Colonel surprised
the financial world by getting a controlling interest in the Frie
Railway ; through supplying some $8,000,000 to buy the bonds
issued by Daniel Drew, President, with whom he had ceased
to be on friendly terms.

Through his intimate connection with the " Black Friday"
movement on the Stock Exchange, he was summoned before
a congressional investigating committee at Washington, which
will be chiefly remembered by his expression, in answer to a
question, " Gone where the woodbine twineth."

The Colonel's next venture was the purchase of the Grand
Opera House, then known as Pike's Opera House, for the sum
of $850,000, which was leased to the Erie road at an annual
rental of $75,000.

The sudden and untimely death of Colonel Fisk was a

568 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1872

serious blow to the many interests of which he was the life and
soul, and the NINTH suffered in the loss of its firm friend.
Various were the speculations as to the effect the loss of the
bountiful Colonel would have upon the fortunes of the regi
ment ; but its friends felt hopeful that — aside from the loss of
a few who had joined for "butterfly" show, and the gratifica
tion of enjoying the many pleasant excursions and spreads
provided by the deceased — no harm would be entailed upon the
organization. It was believed that the best members would
remain true, and that the standard of the NINTH would not be
suffered to decline.

On the 23d of February, Company I, Captain Arthur
Blaney, paraded to attend the funeral of ex-Captain Dal-
rymple, who died on the 2Oth. Accompanied by the Veterans
of the Regiment, and the Atalanta Boat Club, the company
escorted the remains to Greenwood Cemetery where the inter
ment took place.

Owing to the unfinished, condition of the armory,
company drills alone were held during the months of January,
February and March. The attendance was fair, and at the
monthly meetings a number of recruits were received. It was
noticed, towards the end of March, and especially in Com
panies C and K, that many members continued to absent
themselves from drill, thereby violating the obligations thev
had voluntarily assumed. This was now a disturbing element,
and it was hoped would soon be eradicated by expelling the
do-nothings.

On April 3d the regiment paraded ten companies of six
teen files, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Braine, in
heavy marching order, to attend the funeral of General Robert
Anderson, of F"ort Sumter fame, who died on the 26th of
October, the previous year, at Nice, France, and whose body
had been brought home and deposited in the receiving vault in
Marble Cemetery on Second Street. The escort formed at

ten o'clock, and half an hour later moved in the following

order :

1872 BURIAL OF GENERAL ROBERT ANDERSON. 569

Police.

Brig.-Gen. Wm. G. Ward, Commanding escort.

Seventy-first regiment.

Seventy-ninth regiment.

NINTH regiment.

Seventh regiment.

Batteries E and H First artillery, U. S. A., of Ft. Sumter.

Batter}- K, First artillery, U. S. A., Major J. M. Brannan, First artillery, U. S. A., Com
manding.
Corpse, covered by the Ft. Sumter Hag, upon gun-carriage.

Members of the Old Guard on each flank.

T\vo carriages containing the pall-beakers : Generals J. V. Bom ford, Jeff C. Davis,
Saml. W. Crawford and Jno. G. Foster ; Messrs. Hiram Barney, Richd. S.

Thorne, Henry V. Vail and Chas. P. Kirkland.
Carriages with the family and officers of the Army and Navy.

Anderson Zouaves, in two platoons.

Columbia Order of Knights-Templars, Commandery No. I.

Pacific Lodge, in column of twos

Police.

The route of march was through Second Avenue, Eighth
Street, Broadway, Fifth Avenue and Thirty-fourth Street to the
Hudson River; when the body, under the escort of a sergeant
and eight privates (!) of the regular army, was placed upon the
steamboat Henry Smith, and conveyed to West Point. Strange
to say, that upon arriving at that celebrated military post,
the Alma Mater of the dead hero, no salute was fired, nor
were there any troops in line to receive the remains of the
once honored and popular soldier. The casket was placed
upon a gun-caisson, drawn by four horses, and conveyed to the
grave, where the burial service was read by Post Chaplain For-
syth, and a prayer offered by Rev. Dr. Duane. The day was a
beautiful one, the ceremonies in New York had been most appro
priate to the rank and character of the General, and why the
authorities at West Point were so indifferent — and even disre
spectful — has never been explained.

On the gth, Regimental General Orders, No. 5, was pub
lished, expelling ten members of Company C, and twelve from
Company K. It was also ordered that the right wing, consist
ing of Companies A, E, F, I and K, assemble for battalion
drill on the iQth, and the left wing on the 23rd, which was
obeyed, and drills held accordingly.

On the gth of May the regiment assembled, ten companies

570 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1872

of fourteen files, and marched to Tompkins Square for
battalion drill. The rank and file acquitted themselves
creditably, but four of the officers exhibited such a hesitancy
in communicating the proper orders to their commands, that
numerous blunders were committed.

It is needless to say that the matter of a successor to
Colonel Fisk had been earnestly .canvassed ever since his
burial. The public also, seemed to take a deep interest in the
succession. Among those who were mentioned for the respon
sible place, were Generals George B. McClellan, John H.
Wilcox, and John Hendrickson, Col. Benjamin W. Blanchard,
Major William Moore Smith, and Messrs. Jay Gould, Jerome
B. Fellows, James Gordon Bennett, Jr., and Robert G. Gregg.
On the 1 4th, a new and unexpected candidate was self-pre
sented in the following manner:

44 BROAD STREET, NEW YORK, May \tfJi, 1872.

DEAR SIR: — I understand that the Colonelcy of the gallant NINTH Regiment of
the National Guard, made vacant by the death of James Fisk, Jr., still remains unfilled ;
also, that there are, as yet, but two candidates for the position — Jerome B. Fellows
and Robt. G. Gregg — both of whom are men of respectability and wealth. But it is
to be seriously questioned, if such qualifications only, can recommend them to the
regiment. Fisk had wealth, youth, and brains. Under his guidance the regiment
rapidly took rank in the " First Division," as one of the most efficient bodies of men in
the service. His men partook of his spirit and dash, and each one felt the inspiration
of his genius.

I protest that it would be a wrong, to the memory of the dead leader, to select as
his successor any one who lacks the magnetic influence he possessed over his soldiers —
securing their love and admiration, and communicating their enthusiasm to the general
public.

It would be an impediment to the further advance of the regiment, to permit such
a selection. In fact, it would be a blunder, and the great Captain, Napoleon the First,
declared a blunder to be worse than a crime.

Your connection with the Grand Opera House brings you in social contact with
the committee having the selection of a Colonel in hand. See the gentlemen, please,
and tell them I will accept the position, and pledge myself, if elected, to give s'.ich an
impetus to recruiting, that in thirty days the NINTH Regiment will be the foremost in
the State.

There can be no objection to me, save that I am a woman. Permit me to remind
those who urge it, \\\a.\. Joan d' Arc also was a woman. While I do not make pre
tensions to the same military genius she possessed, I may state that it has always been
my desire to become actively connected with the service, and I have always gratified
a passion I have for studying its rules and tactics, in which I am well versed.

I have no doubt that this communication, will, at first sight, occasion incredulity

1872 CANDIDATES FOR THE COLONELCY. :; - 1

as to my intentions, but permit me to assure you I am deeply and fixedly in earnest
in the matter.

Yours very sincerely,

TENN1E C. CLAFLIN.
To JOSEPH H. TOOKRR,

Manager Grand Opera House.

To this the following reply was returned :

GRAND OPERA HOUSE, May 15, 1872.

MADAM : Capt. G. Augustus Fuller, I am informed, is Chairman of the Committee,
having the recommendatory selection of a Colonel for the NINTH Regiment in charge.
I can not do more than place your communication in his hands. I am not a member
of the organization, and therefore have some delicacy about urging any candidate
upon the committee.

Very respectfully,

JOSEPH H. TOOKER.
To Miss TENNIE C. CLAFLIN,

44 Broad Street.

Miss Claflin's letter having been referred to Captain Fuller,
he, in courtesy to the lady, referred it to Captain Courtney,
the Chairman of the committee on candidates ; but it was not
officially acted upon, partly owing to the fact that the
Military Code of the State of New York did not permit the
enrollment of any but male persons in its National Guard.
The press took up this subject, commenting upon its originality,
and strange to say, not even the military newspapers referred
to the ineligibility of Miss Claflin for military honors ; the
matter being treated as a huge joke at the expense of the
NINTH.

On the 2 /th the Veteran Association, General John Hen-
drickson presiding, celebrated the eleventh anniversary of the
departure for the war, by a dinner at the Metropolitan Hotel.
About one hundred and fifty members and guests were present.
Responses to toasts were made by Generals Rutherford and
Morrison, Colonel Van Beuren, Majors Hitchcock and Strong,
Surgeon Nordquist, Adjutant Allien and others. The occasion
was greatly enjoyed by all.

On the 3Oth, Memorial Day, the regiment paraded, at one
P. M. A committee, consisting of Captain Fuller and Lieu.-

572 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1872

tenants Hussey and Wood, had gone the day before to Brattle-
boro, Vt., where, in connection with Post Sedgwick, No 8, of
the Grand Army of the Republic, Commander C. R. Briggs,
they decorated the grave of Colonel Fisk. The officers of the
regiment, accompanied by one sergeant from each company,
went to Woodlawn Cemetery in the morning, and performed
the same ceremony there for the dead of the NINTH. Major
•George W. McLean, of the Old Guard, had already placed
flowers upon these graves, and kindly promised to continue the
pleasing duty each succeeding year, so long as he was able.

After a number of meetings, at which attempts had been
made to elect a colonel, the matter was decided on the 4th
of June by the choice of Lieutenant-Colonel Braine, who
accepted. Major Hitchcock was advanced to Lieutenant-Col
onel, and Captain Dow S. Kittle was elected Major.

The Ninety-sixth Anniversary of American Independence
brought out the NINTH, who paraded with the First division,
under the command of General Alexander Shaler. The
regiment, ten companies of fourteen files, assembled at half-
past six in the morning and marched to the rendezvous on
Fourth Street, where the brigade formed with the ri«rit resting

o o o

on Broadway. At half-past eight the column moved, the route
being up Broadway to Fourteenth Street, to Eighth Avenue,
to Thirty-fourth Street, to Fifth Avenue, to the Worth Mon
ument, where the reviewing stand had been erected. The
heat was intense, and many men were overcome and compelled
to fall out of the ranks ; some were sun-struck, and the
Surgeons had their hands full in looking after the disabled.
Surgeon Thompson of the NINTH attended members of several
other regiments. Citizens alon^ the route offered ice-water

O <->

and lemonade, but the climax of hospitality was reached in
front of the residence of Mr. Eisenberg, where iced champagne
was poured out to the exhausted guardsmen. Such princely
liberality had seldom before been shown, and the recipients
-were enthusiastic in their praise of the liberal donor.

The next day the regiment was armed with Remington

COLONEL CHARLES R. BRAINE.

1872 RECEPTION OF COMPANIES G, II AND D. 573

breech-loading rifles, cal. .50. Five hundred and forty pieces
were issued.

On the 3ist Company G entertained their friends by an
excursion up the Hudson to lona Island, the steamboat Sleepy
Hollow and. barge Pilgrim conveying the party, who, although it
rained all day, passed a most delightful time in singing and
dancing on board the boats.

Nothing further of interest occurred till the 2Oth of Sep
tember, when the regiment assembled for instruction prepara
tory to the annual muster and inspection by the State officers.
On the loth of October the First division was reviewed by
Governor Hoffman. The NINTH turned out ten companies of
fourteen files, marching with a firm and steady step, eliciting
much applause from the spectators who lined the route of
march. The weather was clear and cool, and the review sat
isfactory in all respects. On the i6th, at seven P. M., the
regiment assembled at the armory for inspection. Five
hundred and one men answered to their name^, one hundred
and nineteen being reported absent; a total of six hundred and
twenty — a loss of one hundred and sixty-five from the previous
year.

General George G. Meade died on the 6th of November,
and was buried at Laurel Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia.

On the i6th of December Company H, Captain James
Slater, gave a reception to their friends at Apollo Hall, the occa
sion being graced by a large company of " fair women and brave
men," who thoroughly enjoyed themselves. Following this,
Company D, Captain Edward S. Bowlend, gave an entertain
ment at the armory on the 26th, and despite the severe snow
storm which prevailed at the time, a large and merry crowd
enjoyed the festivities till an early hour the following morning.
The non-commissioned officers turn came next in the round of
the winter's pleasures, and on the 28th they invited their
friends to a Soire'e Magique at Robinson Hall. Adjutant
Edgar S. Allien, the originator of the affair, was congratulated
upon the success of the entertainment; his magical manipula
tions established his rank as a first-class Prestidigitator.

574

TIIE XI^TH XK\V YORK.

CHAPTER XXVII.

CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION.

1873—1876.

A Falling off in Membership. — Work on the Armory Resumed. — Company K Visits
Passaic, N. J. — Celebrating the 27th of May. — Memorial Day. — Fourth of July.
— Fall Drills Resumed. — Regimental Reception. — The Armory Completed. — 1874
— Regimental Court-Martial. — Death of ex-Lieutenant Colonel Ferris. — The
Twenty-seventh of May. — Companies C and I Escort the Boston Fusileers. —
Creedmoor. — International Rifle Match. — The NINTH'S First Target Practice. —
Shooting at Candle Targets. — Resignation of Colonel Braine. — 1875 — Election
of Colonel Hitchcock. — Parade on May 27th. — Amendment to Military Code.—
Regimental Rifle Team. — Second International Rifle Match. — Practice at Creed-
moor. — Gratifying Increase in Membership. — 1876 — Centennial Celebration. —
Organization of the Parade. — The March. — Music and Fireworks. — Exercises in
Academy of Music. — Escorting the Connecticut Militia. — Membership Still
Increasing. — The Band's Hop.

AT the opening of the new year the prospects of the regi
ment were not very flattering. A number of the officers
had resigned, while many of the men absented themselves
from drill and other duties ; quite a number of the latter had,
in consequence, been dropped from the rolls. There were
various causes for this state of affairs, principal among which
was the unfinished condition of the armory. The quarters
were not inviting and the men found pleasanter surroundings
elsewhere. Of several of the officers who had resigned it was
thought .they were victims of disappointed ambition, a disease
difficult to cure, and quite fatal to the interests of a militia
organization. In order to secure attendance at the weekly
drills the Board of Officers found it necessary ta court-martial
some of the delinquents. The necessity of this extreme
measure was deplored by the loyal members, for it showed
that the ancient glory of the organization was departing.

On the nth, I2th, i3th and 27th of March wing drills were
held at the armory, the companies turning out an average of

I873 COMPANY K VISITS PASSAIC, N. J. 575

twelve files. The evolutions were creditably performed and
the manual of arms executed with great precision. On the
2oth the regiment was inspected and reviewed by Inspector-
General William H. Morris, of the Governor's staff. Ten
companies of fourteen files appeared, and the various move
ments were properly and promptly executed. After the dress-
parade the line wheeled into column by companies and marched
past the reviewing officer, then returning by column of
divisions. The alignments in each case being such that there
was little room for improvement in that respect.

During the month of April work on the armory repairs and
enlargement was resumed. A hitch in the appropriations had
caused delay, and it was hoped that the work would be pushed
to completion. No drills were held during the month. On
the i gth Company K, Captain Spencer, celebrated its third an
niversary by an excursion to Passaic, N. J., the company reach
ing there at one P. M. Upon reaching the Town Hall the
visitors were welcomed — on behalf of the Municipality — by
the President, R. A. Terhune, Esq., and Councilmen Roberts
and Papple. After partaking of a generous collation there
was more speech-making, C. M. K. Paulison, Esq., speaking for
the citizens, Colonel Braine and Captain Spencer responding
on behalf of the guests. After a short street parade an ex
hibition drill was given in front of the Acquackanonk House,
which reflected great credit upon the command. In the even
ing the company was entertained by a concert, supplemented
by a dance, at the Kilgour Lyceum. At midnight the men
left for home, tired, but delighted with their visit.

On the 2 /th of May about one hundred of the War Veter
ans stretched their legs under the mahogany at the Springier
House, to celebrate the twelfth anniversary of the departure
for the war. After supper — or dinner— a number of good
speeches were made, and when the hour of parting arrived the
comrades separated, all well pleased with the occasion.

Memorial Day was duly observed. Lieutenant-Colonel
Hitchcock, with a detail of two men from each company,

576 THK NINTH NEW YORK. 1873

in full uniform, proceeding to Woodlawn to decorate the
graves of those who fell in the Orange riot.

On June 3d the First division paraded and was reviewed
by the Governor, General John A. Dix, and General Shaler.
The NINTH marched in its place with the Third brigade. On
the iQth Company F, Captain John H. Wood, formed part of the
escort to the Charlestown, Mass., Cadets, as they passed
through the city on their way home.

The 4th of July was celebrated by the usual parade of the
First division, the NINTH assembling at a quarter to seven
A. M., and doing its share towards a proper observance of the
day.

On the 1 5th of September Company C, Captain John C.
C. Tallman, paraded at noon and formed part of the escort
to the Veterans of the Mexican War, who had assembled to
celebrate the anniversary of the Capture of the City of
Mexico.

On the 24th drills were resumed, the right wing meeting for
that purpose, the left following on the 26th. In view of the
fact that the drill season did not usually begin until October,
the attendance at these two was very gratifying. Some of
the men showed a little rustiness after their summer's vaca
tion, but that wore off before the close of the drill.

On Thursday, the i6th of October, the regiment gave a
reception in order to exhibit to their friends the remodeled
Armory. The affair was a most gratifying success ; numerous
friends assembled in response to the invitations, and the mem
bers felt greatly encouraged, now that their military home was
habitable again. It was hoped that the old-time interest in
the organization would be revived, and large accessions made
to the ranks. On the 2Qth the annual inspection and review
took place at Tompkins Square. Five hundred and forty men
were present and fifty-five absent, a loss of twenty-five over
the previous year, and much less than had been expected.
The panic in financial circles had greatly depressed all enter
prises, and the National Guard suffered in consequence. To
t'.ie officers and men who had faithfully labored in the interest

'8/4 CKI.EB RATION OF THE VETERANS.

577

of the regiment was due the credit of the NINTH making such
a creditable appearance at this time.

On the 3ist of December the treasurer's report showed that
on the same date in 1872 there was a balance on hand of
$143.56 ; received from all sources since then, $8,584.55, and
that the balance on hand was $1,250.58.

1874-

Wing drills were held on the evenings of the i9th and 2ist
of January and on the i 7th and 2oth of February, and on the
two latter dates the officers also met for theoretical instruction
in the Wingate Manual of loading and firing. On the evening
of the 28th a regimental court-martial, Lieutenant-Colonel
Hitchcock presiding, was held, before whom appeared about one
hundred men who had been charged with various breaches of
discipline ; their cases were all disposed of, some being excused,
while others were fined.

On March i8th a review and inspection was held by
Inspector General Morris.

On the 7th of April the regiment and the Old Guard,
together with the Washington Gray Troop of Cavalry, paraded
as escort to the remains of Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas T.
Ferris, formerly of the NINTH, who died in Paris in December.
The services were held in Grace Church and the remains were
then escorted to Brooklyn, where friends received and con
veyed them to Greenwood for interment.

Wing drills were held on the i2th and I4th of May, and
on the 2/th the First division of the guard was reviewed by
the Governor. In the evening the Veterans enjoyed their an
niversary dinner, a goodly company gathering about the fes
tive board. Among the notables present, were Generals John
C. Robinson, Nelson Taylor, Abram Duryea, John Hendrick-
son and Allan Rutherford ; and Colonels Charles R. Braine
and Robert G. Rutherford ; and Major Henry V. Williamson.

On June 4th a brigade drill was held in which the regiment
took an active part. Qn the i6th Companies C and I paraded
as escort to the Boston Fusileers. After the visitors had de
posited their arms and baggage at their headquarters — Grand

578 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1874.

Central Hotel — the rest of the day and evening was devoted
to sight seeing, under the guidance of the escort. On the 2gth
occurred the first International Rifle Shooting Match, at
Creedmoor. A word or two of explanation is, however,
necessary :

The need of a suitable place for target practice had long
been felt by the members of the National Guard and others
interested in marksmanship.

CREEDMOOR,

The National Rifle Association was formed on June 2ist,
and was incorporated on the i5th of September, 1871. As
stated in the article of incorporation, "The object for which
said association is formed, is the improvement of its members
in marksmanship, and to promote the introduction of the
system of aiming-drill and rifle practice as part of the military
drill of the National Guard of this and other States, and for
those purposes to provide a suitable range or ranges in the
vicinity of the city of New York."

Of course it was expected that State aid would be given
in order to lease or purchase and lay out the grounds ; on the
1 4th of May, 1872, the Legislature passed " An act to establish
a rifle range and to promote skill in marksmanship among the
National Guard."

Ground was purchased near Garden City, Queens County,
Long Island, about fifteen miles from New York, and named
Creedmoor.

The range was formally opened on June 2ist, 1873.

Inspectors of Rifle Practice were appointed in regiments,
brigades and divisions, and the troops ordered to repair to
Creedmoor at stated times for rifle practice. Prizes were
awarded those who made a certain score ; much interest was
manifested in the new drill, and special rifle teams were organ
ized in most of the regiments, who frequently visited the
range for additional practice.

Although the National Guard had no official part in the
International Match, the members took great interest in the

18/4 INTERNATIONAL RIFLE MATCH.

5/9

contest. The match this year was between the Irish and
American teams, and resulted in favor of the latter by three
points. Below is the score :

THE AMERICAN TEAM.

800 900 i ooo

Names. Yards. Yards. Yards. Total.

Fulton 58 57 ,56 171

Yale 55 56 51 162

Bodine 54 51 53 158

Gildersleeve 53 51 51 155

Hepburn 53 50 46 149

Dakin 53 45 41 139

American grand total 934

THE IRISH TEAM.

800 900 i ooo

Names. Yards. Yards. Yards. Total.

R'gby 58 50 55 163

Hamilton 58 52 50 160

Wilson 54 51 55 160

Milner. 57 49 48 154

Johnson 50 49 51 150

Walker 49 55 40 144

Irish grand total 931

RECAPITULATION.

American score 934

Irish score 931

American Team victorious by 3

The first target practice among the members of the NINTH
took place this year, and before the International Match
several of the members qualified — /. c., made a certain score —
as marksmen, which entitled them to marksmen's badges.

On July 4th the usual parade was made in commemoration
of the Ninety-seventh Anniversary of American Independence.

The drill season of i8/4-'5 opened with a new and interest
ing feature in the experience of the NINTH, that of firing at
candle-targets without the use of powder and ball. A tin
shield, with a hole in it the size of a silver dollar, was placed
ao-atnst the wall ; behind the shield, and close to the hole — or

580 THE NINTH NEW YORK 1874

bull's eye — was put a lighted candle ; if the marksman's aim
was correct, the wind from the gun-barrel, propelled by the
exploding cap, was sufficient to extinguish the light. This
unique practice enabled the men to become good shots.

A preliminary inspection was held on the 2Oth of October,
the company books being examined by Major O. F. Wentworth.
The annual review and inspection occurred a week later, the
returns showing that four hundred and seventy-two were
present and seventy-two absent ; total, five hundred and forty-
four — a loss of fifty-one since the inspection of 1873.

On the 2 ist of November Colonel Braine, who had been
in almost continuous service since 1859, resigned. The Col
onel was noted for his tactical knowledge, and for the lucid
manner in which he explained the various movements to his
subordinates.

Charles R. Braine enlisted in Company B, Twenty-third
regiment, October 28^,1859. This company was transferred
to the NINTH on March 2ist, 1861, and on April gth Sergeant
Braine was elected Second Lieutenant, and promoted June 3d
to First Lieutenant ; transferred to the Signal Corps August
2;th; he resigned October i2th, 1861, and returned to
civil life. August 7th, 1863, ex-Lieutenant Braine was elected
Major of the "home organization," and on November I3th,
1865, was made Lieutenant-Colonel. June 4th, 1872, he was
elected Colonel, succeeding Colonel Fisk ; resigned November
2ist, 1874.

The important events of the year closed with a parade on
the 5th of December, when the regiment escorted the remains
of ex-Mayor William F. Havemeyer during the funeral pro
cession. On the 1 8th the officers met at the armory for
instruction in the "school of the officer," under the direction
of Lieutenant-Colonel Hitchcock.

1875-

On the ist of February, in accordance with regimental
orders, an election for colonel was held, resulting in the choice
of Lieutenant-Colonel James R. Hitchcock, which gave general

COLONEL JAMES R. HITCHCOCK.

THE YANKEES AT DOLLYMOUXT. 581

satisfaction to the members of the regiment. At the same
time Captain Moses P. L. Montgomery of Company E was
advanced as Major, and Lieutenant-Colonel. On the 2Qth of
March, Companies G, A, K, E and D, constituting the right
wing, met for battalion drill, and on the3ist the left wing went
through the same movements. During April each wing
had two drills, the right wing on the 8th and I5th and the left
wing on the Qth and i6th. The 2/th of May was celebrated
by a parade, the line being reviewed by the Mayor at the City
Hall. The men turned out in good strength and the march
ing, especially while passing in review, was all that could be de
sired. In the evening the War Veterans assembled in force and
spent the hours in recounting the incidents connected with
their " active " service at the front.

During the month of June — on the I4th, i /th, i8th, 2ist
and 24th — the regiment, in detachments of divisions, visited
Creedmoor for rifle practice.

On Monday, July 5th, the NINTH took part in the parade
in honor of the Ninety-ninth Anniversary of American Inde
pendence. On the /th it was announced in regimental orders,
that by an amendment to the Military Code, those who had
served a full term in the National Guard would be permitted
to reenlist for one year — or more ; also that two badges, valued
at one hundred and fifty dollars, had been provided by the
Veterans of the Regiment, to be presented to the two members
of the active regiment who would obtain the largest number of

o *->

recruits during the year ending with the next annual inspec
tion.

On the 1 2th of July Captain George E. Harding, Inspector
of Rifle Practice, organized a rifle team of members of the
regiment. On August 23d the regiment paraded at the recep
tion of the American Team, upon their return from Ireland,
where, at Dollymount, the Yankees had again defeated the
Irish Team. Where the Americans were victorious by only
three points the year before at Creeclmoor, this time they had
thirty-eight over their opponents. . The score was as follows :

582 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1875

THE AMERICAN TEAM.

800 900 i ,000

Names. Yards. Yards. Yards. Total.

Gildersleeve 56 56 52 164

Yale 57 52 51 160

Fulton 58 57 46 161

Coleman 56 48 52 156

Bodine 52 59 51 162

Dakin 58 55 51 164

American grand total 967

THE IRISH TEAM.

800 900 i ,000

Names. Yards. Yards. Yards. Total.

Wilson 58 50 55 163

Hamilton 56 54 51 161

McKenna 52 44 53 149

Milner 55 37 4' 133

Johnson 58 53 51 162

Pollock 59 53 49 161

Irish grand total 929

RECAPITULATION.

American score 967

Irish score 929

American Team victorious by 38

On the 6th and i ;th of September the right and left wings,
respectively, proceeded to Creedmoor for rifle practice. On
October I3th the Governor reviewed the division, the troops
turning out in good numbers and making a fine appearance.
On the 2 ist the annual muster and inspection took place, and
the result of the active work done by the members was shown
in the increase of two hundred and eighty-seven men over the
previous year.

November 27th the regiment paraded as part of the funeral
escort to the remains of Henry Wilson, late Vice-President of
the United States. On the ist of December the Board of
Officers adopted the new regulation sword, the new style of
shako and red plume.

1876 CENTENNIAL OF AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE. 583

18/6.

On the 1 4th of February an election for Major resulted in
the unanimous choice of Captain John T. Fryer, of Company
G. From the loth to the 2/th of April drills by three com
panies were held each evening in the armory. In May two wing
drills were held, and on the i /th of the month the regiment
assembled for inspection. On the 27th the War Veterans dis
cussed their annual dinner at the Union Square Hotel. On
the 29th of the month, and on the I2th and 23d of June, the
regiment, in detachments, went to Creedmoor for target
practice.

The celebration of the Centennial of American Inde
pendence had been the subject of much thought and elaborate
preparation. In obedience to regimental orders the NINTH
assembled at the armory at half-past seven on the evening of
the 3d, and at eight o'clock marched to the rendezvous of
the Second brigade, on Twenty-first Street, west of Third
Avenue. The procession consisted of nine divisions, each
formed in the streets between Eighth and Twenty-third
Streets, with the right resting on Third Avenue.

From the Herald (New York) the following account of the
formation of the column has been taken.

FIRST DIVISION.

Platoon of Police.
Band — Eben, Leader.

Independent Troop of Cavalry, Bearing Torches.

Major-General Alexander Shaler, Chief-Marshal.

Major-General Franz Sigel, Assistant Chief-Marshal.

Aides.

Col. Henry A. Gildersleeve. Col. L. H. Rowan.

Col. Carl Jussen. Mr. Henry R. McElligott.

Col. A. W. Sheldon. Gen. George W. Palmer.

Col. C. B. Mitchell. Gen. O. V. Daton.

Col. Edgar B. Van-Winkle. Mr. A. G. Bogert.

Lt.-Col. W. B. Farrell. Col. Frank E. Howe.

Lt.-Col. J. B. Probst. Hon. David W Judd.

Major A. Belknap, Jr. Mr. C. Volney King.

Major Charles A. Post. Capt. George \V. Laird.

Capt. Elijah Alliger. Mr. Chas. D. Pratt.

584 THE NINTH NEW VURK. 1876

Lt.-Col. George McClure. Mr. Jose G. Garcia.

Gen. Kilburn Knox. Capt. Richard M. Bruno.

Mr. Alonzo Alford. Col. H. Clay Preston.

Gen. N. Gano Dunn. Mr. Edwin M. Felt.

Mr. James C. Gary. Mr. Charles A. Schermerhorn.

Col. George W. Wingate. Mr. J. Frank Russell.

Hon. N. P. Stanton. Gen. Anson G. McCook.

Capt. William Lindsay. Mr. Robt Johnson.

Mr. J. H. Savage. Capt. J. C. Julius Langbein.

Mr. W. R. Hedden. Major Wm. H. Quincy.

Mr. J. J. Burnett. Captain Maxwell.

Mr. J. R. Voorhies. Gen. Jos. C. Jackson.

Mr. D. W. Freeman. Mr. Thos. Thomell.

Mr. Abraham W. Keggett. Mr. L. E. J. Rudd.

Mr. C. H. Tucker. Gen. John A. Foster.

Col. William P. Roome. Col. Alfred Wagstaff.

Gen. Martin T. McMahon. Col. E. L. Gaul.

Major Thos. L. Raymond. Col. H. J. Cullum.
Capt. Wm. P. Russell.

Washington Gray Troop of Cavalry, bearing torches, Captain Lorenzo T. Baker,

commanding.

Third brigade N. G. S. N. V.

Brigadier-General Joshua M. Varian and staff.

Eighth regiment, Colonel George D. Scott.

Sixty-ninth regiment, Colonel Jas. Cavanagh.

First brigade N. G. S. N. Y.

Brigadier-General Wm. G. Ward and staff.

Fifth regiment, Colonel Chas. S. Spencer.

Twelfth regiment, Colonel John Ward, Jr.

Battalion Twenty-second regiment.

Second brigade N. G. S. N. Y.

Brigadier-General Frederick Vilmar and staff.

NINTH regiment. Colonel Jas. R. Hitchcock.

Eleventh regiment, Colonel Fred. Unbekant.

Seventy-first regiment, Colonel Richard Vose.

SECOND DIVISION.

Band of Music.
Major Geo. W. Sauer, Marshal, and aides.

Centennial Saenger Verbund.

Lieder-Kranz, Arion, New York Saenger-Bund, Beethoven-Maennerchor, Arion of
Williamsburgh, New York Maennerchor, New York Schiller Bund, Heine-
Bund, and New York Turn-Verein.

1876 ORDER OF THK PROCESSION. 585

THIRD DIVISION.

Band of Music.
Gen. Jos. C. Pinckney, Marshal, and aides.

Washington Continental Guard.

Posts of the Grand Army of the Republic, as follows :
Sumner, No. 24. Dahlgren, No. 113.

Sedgwick, No. 186. Geo. G. Meacle, No. 38.

E. A. Kimball, No. 100. Cameron, No. 79,

Phil. Kearny, No. 8. Reno, No. 44.

Robt. Anderson, No. 58. J. L. Riker, No. 62.

John A. Rawlins, No. 80. E. T. Lloyd, No. 90.

Sub- Division (Colored ) .

Col. Wm. Blaines, Marshal, and aides.

Battalion of Skidmore Guards, Major Browne ; Mount Calvary, Sons of Morgan,
Commonwealth, Mercantile, Public Waiters, So ns of Robertson, Union
Social, Union Benevolent, Railroad Porters, United Benevolent,
Grand Centennial, Young Men's Christian, United Coach
men Associations and Public School children.

FOURTH DIVISION.

Band of Music.

Mr. P. Pennelli, Marshal, and aides.

Columbo Guard, Captain Cavagnaro.
Societa-Unione. Societa-Donnarumma.

Societa-Campora. Societa-Firenza.

Club-Lombardo. Societa-Cittadins.

Sub-Division .

Band of Music.

Col. Juan M. Maeir, Marshal, and aides.
Indepentia de Cuba.

Sub-Division.

Band of Music.

Major Louis Hadi, Marshal, and aides.
Swedish Societies.

FIFTH DIVISION.

Band of Music.

Col. A. Singles, Marshal, and aides.
New York City Schuetzen Corps, Captain Gerdes,
New York Schuetzen Guikle. Captain Best.

New York Schuetzen Company, Captain Bauer.

Verein Deutscher Patrioten of 1848 and 1849, General Max Weber, President.
Badischer K. U. Verein, J. Frey, President.

Hacller Club, Boehmischer Verein.
La Nacional Spanish Benevolent Society.

586 THE NINTH NEW YORK.

Sub-Division .

Band of Music.

Lieut.-Col. Williams, Marshal, and aides.

Plattdeutscher Volksfest Verein, J. Geusch, President.

Centennial K. U. Bund, James Bender, President.

Order Germania, William Bockel, Grand President.

SIXTH DIVISION.

Band of Music.

Bartholomew Clarkin, Marshal, and aides.

Father Mathew, No. 5, Transfiguration, St. Gabriel, St. Bridget, St. Anthony,
St. Joseph, Roman Catholic, Holy Innocents, St. Alphonsus, St. Paul the
Apostle, St. Patrick, St. John the Evangelist, Young Men's, St. Col
umbia, St. Vincent-Ferrer's, Father Mathew, No. 3, and
Father Mathew, No. i, R. C. T. A. B. Associations.

Knights of St. Patrick.
St. Patrick's M. A. and B. Association.

SEVENTH DIVISION.

Band of Music.

Lieut. E. H. Graeme, Marshal, and aides.
Carpenters' and Joiners' Centennial Association, A. Smith President.

William Cullen Bryant Club.
Chelsea Section, No. 12, Cadets of Temperance, Amerigo Club.

New York Firemens" Sons' Association.
Medona H. and L. Co., No. 3, West New Brighton, S. I.

The Lively Eight Coterie.

Machinists and Blacksmiths of New York.

Journeymen Plasterers' Trade Society.

Bricklayers' National Union, No. 4.

EIGHTH DIVISION.

Band of Music.

Patrick Reilly, Marshal, and aides.
Forty Divisions of the Ancient Order of Hibernians

NINTH DIVISION.

Band of Music.

Capt. Henry Schneider, Marshal, and aides.

West Side Centennial Association, of fifty societies.

Platoon of Police.

It was not until about ten o'clock that the NINTH moved
into Third Avenue, down which it attempted to march in
column of companies ; such was the dense throng of happy,
liberty-loving people, however, that after several mild attempts
to obtain the necessary space, the egiment was compelled to
proceed in column of fours.

1876 T1IK LINE OF MARCH. 587

The inhabitants of the whole east side of the city seemed to
be massed in the Avenue and the Bowery, and so closely packed
from the houses outward to the line of procession, that at times
it was found difficult to obtain room enough even for a front
of four men. The weather was all that could be desired for an
evening parade, and the people along the line of march sang
and shouted to their hearts' content. Discipline in the ranks
was not enforced and the soldiers joined heartily in the
enthusiasm of the citizens.

When the column arrived at Broome Street it marched
through it into Broadway, and when that thoroughfare was
reached company front was maintained. Mothers were noticed
on door-steps, fast asleep with their infants in their arms, hav
ing become wearied by long waiting for the great procession.
The buildings, both public and private, along the line of march
were gaily decorated and the windows illuminated. Upon
arriving at Thirteenth Street the column turned west and into
Fifth Avenue, up which the march was continued to its inter
section with Broadway, thence to Thirty-fourth Street, to Fifth
Avenue, to Twenty-sixth Street, to Madison Avenue, to
Twenty-third Street, to Fourth Avenue, to Union Square.

A reviewing stand had been erected in front of the Fifth
Avenue Hotel, which was occupied by Mayor William H.
Wickham, and a host of lesser dignitaries, and invited guests.
The NINTH reached the square just as the cannon boomed, and
the bells rung out the hour of midnight. The Centennial 4th
of July was thus ushered in, amid the tumultuous plaudits of
the people. For awhile, until the cannon ceased firing, the
bells stopped ringing and the noise of exploding fireworks
died away, nothing further could be done with the regular
programme. At last comparative quiet was restored, when,
first, three hundred musicians from military bands, under the
leadership of Professor Harvey B. Dodworth, played the
National Anthem, " Hail Columbia." During the rendering
of this piece a great display of aerial fireworks took place.
The second selection of music was "The Heavens are Telling,"
by the Beethoven, New York, and Centennial Saenger Ver-

588 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1876

bund societies, five hundred voices, under the direction of Carl
Traeger. Next the populace, under the leadership of Mr. S.
P. Warren, sang the " Star Spangled Banner," after which the
bands played a medley of patriotic airs and the "official cele
bration" was at an end. At about two o'clock, the NINTH
marched back to the armory. Few, however, sought their
homes, the men breaking up into little parties and spending
the rest of the night in feasting and frolic. When daylight of
the 4th appeared there was scarcely a door-step but contained
one or more sleepers ; unable to obtain transportation on the
cars, and too tired to walk to their homes, thousands of men
women and children slept for hours, in whatever place they
happened to deposit their tired bodies.

On the 4th the exercises were continued at the Academy
of Music, at eleven o'clock A. M., the following being the
programme :

1. Hymn by Schubert, N. Y. and Centennial Saenger Verbund.

2. Prayer by Rev. William Adams, D.D.

3. Reading of the Declaration of Independence, Geo. Vandenhoff.

4. Centennial Ode, words by Wm. Cullen Bryant; music by J. Mosenthal.

5. Oration by Rev. R. S. Storrs, D.D.

6. " The Song of 1876," by Bayard Taylor; music by E. Kollner.

General Rush C. Hawkins was Chairman of the Centennial
Committee, and was ably assisted by his associates. General
Alexander Shaler, Hon. Henry Havemeyer and Messrs. Thur-
low Weed, Willy Wallach, and Paul Goepel. The Seventh
and Twenty-third, and a battalion of the Twenty-second
regiments, celebrated the day in Philadelphia

On the last day of July, and the I4th and 24th of August
the regiment, by detachments, visited Creedmoor for further
practice in target firing. On the gth of September the NINTH
formed part of an escort to a brigade of Connecticut militia as
it passed thfough. the city on its way home from the Centennial
Exhibition at Philadelphia, whither they had gone at the expense
of the State. A spirit of friendly rivalry always existed — and
for the good of the service still exists — between the guards
men of the various States, and the New Yorkers " put their

1876 VISIT OF CONNECTICUT MILITIA. 589

best foot forward " while 'escorting their comrades from the
" Nutmeg " State. With pardonable magnanimity some of
the New York citizens said they thought that the Connecticut
boys rather "took the shine" from their hosts.

The Governor reviewed the division on the 3d of October,
and on the i 7th the annual muster and inspection took place,
eight hundred and four being present out of a total of eight
hundred and ninety-six, a gain of sixty-five over the large
increase of the previous year. The year closed with a Grand
Hop, given at the armory for the benefit of the band, on the
1 3th of December.

590 THE XINTII NEW YORK. 1877

CHAPTER XXVIII.

THE WEST ALBANY CAMPAIGN.

1877.

Battalion Drills. — Company D Visits New Haven, Conn. — Labor Strikes. — National
Guard Ordered Out. — "Excursion" of the Eighth Regiment. — The NINTH
Assembles. — Difficulty of Procuring Rations. — Delmonico to the ' Rescue. —
The NINTH ordered to Albany. — Arrival There. — Supper at the Delavan. —
Quartered in Martin Hall. — Arrival of Reinforcements. — The Regiment at
West Albany. — Posting Guards. — The Troops Present. — Colonel Hitchcock in
Command of the Post. — Camp Carr. — Hardships of the Campaign. — A Mock
Funeral. — The Governor Visits the Post. — Fraternal Relations with the Albany
and Troy Troops. — Review in the Capital City. — A Bloodless Campaign. — Return
to New York. — The " Home Guard." — Strength of the Regiment. — Register of
Officers. — Reception of the First Connecticut. — -Tournament of The National
Rifle Association. — Fall Inspection. — Preliminary Steps towards a History of the
NINTH.

TOURING the month of April, on the 4th, 5th and roth,
battalion drills were held in the Armory. On the i2th of
June, Company D, Captain George Auld, upon invitation of
Company D, Second Connecticut regiment, left for New
Haven, where, on the I3th, they were handsomely entertained,
and returned to New York on the i4th, delighted with the
recollections of the trip.

Since the riots of 1871, the National Guard of the State
had not been called upon to support the civil authorities in the
enforcement of the laws, or protect public or private property
from destruction at the hands of lawless mobs. But when the
" Labor Strikes " on the railroads and in the mining districts
assumed alarming proportions during the summer of 1877, the
militia were ordered out. From the Annual Cyclopaedia for
that year we copy the following, which will show the cause of
the disturbance.

iS;/ LABOR STRIKES. 59!

The most grievous conflict between employers and the employed, and the most
extensive if not the most disastrous riots which the country has witnessed, occurred
during the months of July and August, 1877, in consequence of the dissatisfaction of
the railroad employes on several of the lines with the reduction of ten per cent, in
their wages, which had been made generally throughout the country in June and
July. The commencement of the trouble was the strike of the train-hands on the
Baltimore and Ohio railroad, begun on the i4th of July. It spread rapidly over almost
all of the Northern roads between the Mississippi and New England. The strikers took
forcible possession of the tracks at all the principal junctions and prevented the for
warding of any goods, and in many cases forbade the passing of passenger-trains.
For several days the whole internal commerce of the country was interrupted. It was
not until the last of the month that the transportation lines could generally resume
their business. To rescue the railways from the lawless usurpation of the striking
hands, the militia forces were called out, and in States where these were unable or
unwilling to confront the law-breakers, United States troops were sent to their assist
ance. In the large cities and manufacturing towns of the West, riotous demonstra
tions and uprisings of the laboring classes occurred, and a number of unfortunate
encounters took place between the mob and the militia, police, and armed bands of
citizens, in which hundreds were injured or killed. In the height of the strike there were
at least 100,000 men out, and six or seven thousands of miles of railroad were from
first to last in the hands of th; strikers, including the four great trunk lines — the New
York Central and its connections, controlled by Mr. Wm. H. Vanderbilt ; the Erie
system, managed by receiver H. J. Je\vett ; the Pennsylvania railroad and continuations,
managed by Mr. Thomas A. Scott, and the Baltimore and Ohio and connections,
under the control of Mr. Robert Garrett.

On the 22nd of July, the Twenty-third regiment, from
Brooklyn, left for Hornellsville, where the first overt act on the
part of the rioters occurred in New York State. On the 23d
Governor Lucius Robinson, by telegraph, ordered the whole
National Guard of the State out for duty, the men to be at
their several regimental or company armories, armed and
equipped, and ready to move to any point at a moment's notice.
On the 2>th the Eighth regiment from New York was ordered

*_/ o o

to Buffalo, but upon arriving at Syracuse was ordered to remain
there, #s the anticipated trouble at Buffalo was no longer
feared. Before the Eighth returned home they visited
Niagara Falls, by invitation of the President of the N. Y.
Central railroad, and had a delightful time while inspecting
that wonder of the world.

By half-past nine in the evening of the 23d, a large number
of the NINTH had assembled at the armory. The non-com
missioned officers had been busy for some hours notifying the

592 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1877

men, but as many lived in the northern part of the city, or on
Staten Island, they did not reach headquarters till a later hour.
By morning of the 24th, six hundred and six men answered
roll-call. No arrangements had been made to feed the men,
and hotel and restaurant keepers generally refused to supply
rations, for fear of the resentment of the mob. Delmonico,
however, resolved to run the risk, and upon the request of
Colonel Hitchcock, furnished the regiment with a good
breakfast.

The forenoon was spent in preparations for active service,
but inasmuch as the men were unprovided with either over
coats, blankets, knapsacks or canteens, it was pretty clear that
"somebody" had neglected his duty, and the men wondered
how they could be expected to render efficient service without
being properly equipped. Towards noon the following tele
gram was received by General Shaler :

GENERAL HEADQUARTERS, STATE OF NEW YORK,
ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE,

Albany, N. Y..July 2\th, 1877.
SPECIAL ORDERS, )
No. 77. \

Major-General Alexander SHALER, Commanding First division, N. G. S. N. Y., is
hereby ordered to forward the NINTH regiment N. G. S. N. Y., fully uniformed,
armed and equipped, to the city of Albany immediately ; its commanding officer
directed to report to Major-General JOSEPH B. CARR, commanding Third division N.G.
whose headquarters are in this city ; each man will be supplied with forty rounds of
ball cartridge. The agent of the N. Y. Central and Hudson R. R. Co. will furnish
transportation on application of the commanding officer.

By order of the Commander-in-Chief,

FRANKLIN TOWNSEND,
Adjutant-General.

Line was formed at a quarter to four o'clock, the men in
fatigue uniform, and armed with breach-loading rifles. Upon
reaching the Grand Central Depot, General Daniel D. Wylie,
ordnance officer, directed the issuance of 20,000 rounds of ball
cartridge to the regimental quartermaster, Edgar F. Wait.
At five o'clock the train started, Poughkeepsie being the first
stopping-place, where six hundred sandwiches were issued and
eagerly devoured by the hungry soldiers. A despatch from

1877 STARTING FOR THE PLACE OF TROUBLE. 593

J. M. Toucey, Superintendent of the Hudson River railroad, an
nounced that a mob, numbering some seven hundred, had crossed
the river from Albany and taken forcible possession of the
railroad at Greenbush. The train proceeded as far as Hudson,
where a despatch was received from General Joseph B. Carr,
directing the regiment to report to him for orders as soon as it
arrived at Greenbush. When the train left Hudson, company
commanders were ordered to see that the window blinds were
closed and the lights turned down, so that the train of armed
men might be mistaken for a freight train, in the darkness, and
be enabled to approach the scene of disturbance without mo
lestation. When the ball cartridges were distributed several
of the men, who had never handled such things before, became
somewhat nervous for fear they might "go off" and hurt
somebody.

Upon arriving at Greenbush, a large crowd of men were
found on the railroad and about the railroad buildings, but,
save for a " few remarks," not at all complimentary to the
railroad or military authorities, they were orderly and peace
able. Company F, one hundred strong, Captain William P.
Walton, commanding:, was ordered to clear the railroad bridge,

t> O '

spanning the river, of the people, and any other obstructions
found upon it, in order that the train might cross over to
Albany. This was accomplished without any trouble, the
crowd merely threatening that "to-morrow" they would show
the authorities what they would do. At nine o'clock the
regiment was safely over the river, and after a hurried supper
at the Delavan House, the NINTH, in column of twos, marched
to Martin Hall, where the men were to spend the night. It
is needless to say that the citizens of Albany felt much
relieved when they saw the regiment marching through
Broadway and up State Street to their temporary quarters.
It was noticed, on passing some of the armories of the local
guardsmen on State Street, that the men were on duty, and
ready for any emergency.

After entering their quarters, thirty men, under Captain
George A. Hussey, officer of the day, and Lieutenant Charles

594 TIIE NINTH NEW YORK. 1877

L. Housman, officer of the guard, were detailed for guard duty,
with instructions to allow no one to enter or leave the building.

The excitement of the past twenty-four hours and loss of sleep
the previous night having worn out the boys somewhat, the
whole of the regiment were soon asleep and enjoying the much
needed repose.

During the night the guards were on the alert, and they
were accosted by a number of men who, apparently, were
seeking information in the interest of the strikers, for they
seemed anxious to know whether or not ball cartridges had
been issued to the regiment, and if they would obey the
command to fire. About midnight a supply of canteens arrived,
and wsre distributed to the men. The war veterans in the
regiment instructed the novices how to fill these, and as—
water-— was plenty, the lesson was soon learned.

By daylight of the 25th, a detachment of seventy-five men,
who were not able to leave New York with the regiment,

arrived. At a quarter past four the drum corps — thirty
strong — beat the reveille, awakening, not alone the members
of the regiment, but the whole neighborhood as well. At
half-past five the men marched to the Delavan House for
breakfast, and an hour later boarded a train, arriving shortly
after at West Albany, some three miles distant. General
Carr and staff accompanied the NINTH. The importance of
West Albany to the railroad interests will be seen, when it is
known that at that point are located the construction and
repair shops of the New York Central and Hudson River
railroads, the immense live stock yards, and side tracks for
freight trains. When the NINTH arrived there the loaded
freight cars standing upon the tracks, would, if placed upon a
single line, have covered about thirty miles, and the rioters
had rendered it impossible for the officials to move them, either
east or west. Besides this, passenger traffic had been impeded,
the only trains allowed to pass being those bearing the U. S.
mails. Already an immense amount of money had been lost
-on account of perishable freight, and the interruption to travel
was more than could be estimated at a money value.

lS/7 AT WEST ALBANY. 595

When the regiment ^ot off the cars, the mob which had

o o

congregated, about a thousand strong, quietly withdrew from
the station and from the limits of the railroad "yard." Com
panies A and F, Captains Cottman and Walton, were posted
at the eastern end ; Companies E and I, Captains Japha and
Hussey, were detailed, under command of Major John T. Fryer,
to guard the main tracks near the school-house, while Com
pany U, Captain Auld, was sent to the western end of the
"yard." The balance of the regiment was held in reserve at
headquarters, under the bridge that crosses the "yard" at
about its center. Companies A, B and F, of the Tenth regi
ment, under the command of Colonel Amasa J. Parker, Jr., the
Fourth separate company, (Tibbett's Corps) of Troy, Captain
and Brevet Colonel Joseph Egolf, commanding, and the Sixth
separate company, (Troy Citizens' Corps) Captain and Brevet-
Colonel James W. Cusack, commanding, were also on the
ground, and with the NINTH were under the command of
Colonel Hitchcock. The men had been ordered to pay no at
tention to "wordy " insults from the mob, nor even to fire upon
them in return for j ersonal assaults unless life was taken ;
then the commanding officer nearest the scene of disturbance
was to exercise his best judgment in repelling the assault and
quelling the outbreak.

As soon as the troops had been posted, the railroad
authorities began to prepare to move the 1 rains, and in a
short time comparative quiet reigned about the neighborhood.
The first disturbing element came in a force of men who

occupied the roofs of a freight train coming in from Albany,
and who endeavored to enter the "yard," but companies B, G
and K of the NINTH immediately advanced towards the train
as it came to a stop, and the would-be rioters beat a hasty
retreat. Companies E and I were also obliged to disperse a
mob which gathered about their outpost, but that was
accomplished without a resort to extreme measures. During
the day the railroad employes held meetings at the Capitol
Park in Albany, and in a grove near the "yard" at West
Albany, at which several inflammatory speeches were made.

596 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1877

But wiser councils prevailed and no attempt was made to
interfere with the running of the cars, except at Van Voort
Street in Albany, where some trains were stoned, and a special
guard was posted, which at once restored order.

The camp at West Albany was named in honor of General
Carr. On the 26th ninety-two officers and eleven hundred
and seventeen men were present for duty. By reason of the
excessive heat, excitement, loss of sleep and bad cooking of
rations, quite a number of the troops were under the doctor's
care ; but few serious cases were developed, and on the whole
the men stood the strain remarkably well. Surgeon Stephen
W. Roof was indefatigable in attending to his onerous duties,
and to his skill and care the men owed their general good
health.

A few overcoats had been received, but only enough to
serve the relief standing-guard. The coats were transferred
by the relieved sentinel, together with his special orders for
that post, the old guard walking off, shivering, to his quarters.
Chills and colds were the result.

The 27th was oppressively warm, but, nevertheless, the
spirit of fun led to an amusing ceremony — a burlesque funeral.
On the following day the Albany Argus thus described the
affair :

One of the incidents of the day yesterday at the camp at West Albany, was the
burial by Company I, of the NINTH regiment, of the remains of their breakfast.
Near the headquarters of Col. Hitchcock, and in hearing of the headquarters of Gen.
Carr, the fifers were heard playing the funeral dirge. " What in the world is that
mournful sound made for?" was the inquiry made by a visitor. " Oh, the boys are
burying something," said Gen. Carr; " they are up to some sort of capers most of
the time." Soon the procession was seen approaching Gen. Carr's headquarters with
mournful tread. First came two fifers playing the " funeral dirge in Saul," in the
most approved manner. They were followed by the drummers, with long faces,
keeping time with the wind instruments. Then came eight men with chimes. The
chimes consisted of huge car links and bolts, which being struck together produced
quite an effect. The fifes and drums and car link chains constituted the band of
music. Next followed the chaplain, the book upon which his eyes were steadfastly
fixed being a pack of cards, the three of clubs exposed, the rest of the pack being
reversed. Then came the bier, borne upon the shoulders of ten men. It was labeled,
in black letters, " The remains of the breakfast of Company I, NINTH regiment."
The sides of the bier were ornamented with immense crackers, painted black, repre-

1877 PEACE RESTORED. THE " WAR " OVER. 597

senting mourning rosettes. The bier contained several half-barrel tubs filled with
the scrapings of the kitchen. It \vas flanked by soldiers with arms reversed, and a
squad in like order brought up the rear.

The mournful procession marched past Gen. Carr's headquarters,, and then
countermarched to the camp. As an impromptu burlesque it was a decided
success.

The affair occurred in the forenoon ; Lieutenant Housman
was the master of ceremonies, and Corporal Henry C. Kline,
the chaplain.

Late in the afternoon Governor Robinson and Adjutant-
General Townsend visited the camp ; a violent rain-storm,
however, coming on just at the time prevented the "army"
from being reviewed by the Commander-in-Chief.

By this time the lines of travel were all open, and in the
evening the NINTH was ordered to be ready to leave on the
following morninof. In commemoration of the close of the

O c>

campaign, the authorities conceived the bright idea that the
soldiers might like to smoke the pipe of peace, and a supply of
cheap clay pipes and some of the vilest tobacco ever "manu
factured " was sent up to the camp, but the boys were unable
to appreciate the joke — if one was intended — or to enjoy the
influence of the weed.

A strong friendship had sprung up between the members of
the NINTH and the other military bodies with whom they were
associated — the Tibbett's and Citizens' Corps of Troy, and the
Albany Companies, A B and F, of the Tenth regiment — and
many promises were made on both sides to visit and enjoy
each other's hospitalities when the " war" was over.

At half-past six the next morning, the 28th, the troops left
camp, the Sheriff and his deputies assuming charge of the
railroad company's property, and proceeded to Albany on the
cars. Upon reaching the city the line paraded through Pearl
Street, where it was reviewed by the Governor and most of
the State officials. There seemed to be but little interest
manifested by the citizens during the review, the members of
the NINTH even thinking that the populace looked upon them
rather coldly. After the review the NINTH marched to the
railroad station, reaching there about eleven o'clock, but owing

598 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1877

to a report that an attempt had been made to overpower the
Sheriff and his deputies at West Albany, the regiment was
detained till afternoon. At half-past one the train started for
New York, and the trip home was enlivened by popular de
monstrations all along the line. The Grand Central Station
was reached at six o'clock, and the regiment at once marched
to the armory. They were a tired, unshaven, dirty lot of men.
It seems incredible that the authorities took so little interest
in the care of the men during the week's campaign. As has
been stated, the men were obliged to leave home without knap
sacks, consequently they could carry none of the necessary
articles — such as soap, towels, or shaving apparatus with them,
and none were furnished during the stay at West Albany.

Before dismissing the regiment Colonel Hitchcock briefly
addressed the command, complimenting the men upon the
manner in which their duties had been performed, and con
gratulating them upon the fact that the campaign had been a
bloodless one, but none the less successful.

During the absence of the regiment from New York, more
or less trouble had been experienced there, and threats had
been made that the regimental armory would be attacked, and
demolished, in revenge for the part the NINTH was taking in
suppressing the trouble at West Albany. The Veteran organ
ization of the regiment, however, proposed to guard the inter
ests of the actives, and on the 24th the following telegram had
been sent :

NEW YORK,//;/)/ 24^, 1877.
Col. JAS. R. HITCHCOCK :

The Veterans will respond for the protection of the NINTH'S armory.

JOHN H. WOOD,
Commanding NINTH Veterans.

But the services of the Veterans were not needed, a guard
of eighty men having been organized under Lieutenant Peter
J. Babcock, who remained at the armory during the absence
of the regiment.

To show that the NINTH was still ready for further service,
the following will prove :

1877 REGISTER JULY TWENTY-EIGHTH. 599

NEW YORK,/W/X a8///, 1877.
Gov. Lucius ROBIXSOX,

Commander-in-Chief, S.N. I'., Albany, N. Y.:

If the General Government require troops from this State to protect property in
other States, the NINTH regiment is willing to volunteer its services at short notice.

JAS. R. HITCHCOCK,
Colonel MXTH Regiment N. G. S. A'. Y.

Before the men left the armory, roll was called with the
following result :

Field, Staff, and Non-commissioned

Staff, 36 present, 2 absent, total 38

Co. A, 93 " 12 " " 105

Co. B, 43 I' " 54

Co. C, 51 ii " 62

Co. D, v 63 14 " 77

Co. E, 58 " 17 " " 75

Co. F, IOO " 12 " " I 12

Co. G. 98 •< 15 "113

Co. H, 47 14 " " 61

Co. I, 70 9 " " 79

Co. K, 58 18 " 76

717 135 852

Colonel James R. Hitchcock.

Lieut.-Col. M. P. L. Montgomery, Major John T. Pryer,
Adjutant C. A. H. Bartlett, Quartermaster Edgar F. Wait,
Commissary John H. Mooney, Inspector George E. Harding,.
Surgeon Stephen W. Roof, Assistant-Surgeon Joseph E.
Tucker, Chaplain Edward C. Houghton.

Ex-Colonel Charles R. Braine, volunteer aid.

6OO THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1877

Company A.

Captain Thomas D. Cottman, Lieutenants Joseph A. Bluxome
and Thomas Griffin.

Company H.

Captain William J. Kirkland, Lieutenants Joseph J. Spring
er and Valentine Marsh.

Company C.

Captain John C. C. Tallman, Lieutenants Howard F.
Kennedy and Gilford Hurry.

Company D.
Captain George Auld, Lieutenant George B. Cobb.

Company E.
Captain Sol. E. Japha, Lieutenant Michael Bauman.

Company F.

Captain William P. Walton, Lieutenants Maurice A. Herts
and George D. Browne.

Company G.

Captain Reuben A. Britton, Lieutenants Ferris, P. L.
DeGroot and Peter J. Babcock.

Company H.

Captain George W. Homans, Lieutenants Win. A. Thomp
son and George B. Campbell.

Company I.

Captain George A. Hussey, Lieutenants Wm. A. Leckler
and Chas. L. Housman.

Company K.

Captain James A. Mulligan, Lieutenants Joseph P. Hertz-
ler and Stillman F. Kneeland.

After the service at West Albany, the most important
event in military circles during the summer was the reception
of the First Connecticut regiment, on their visit to New York,
by the NINTH, which occurred on the 26th of August. After a
short parade the line was reviewed by General Frederick
Vilmar at Union Square and then the two regiments proceeded

1877 MATCHES AT CREEDMOOR. 6OI

to the NINTH'S armory, where refreshments were served. In
the evening Gilmore's Garden was visited, and about mid
night the visitors were escorted Ix.ck to the boat for their
return home.

In September occurred the Tournament of the National
Rifle Association at Creedmoor. Space does not permit a
detailed account of the several events — which began on the
i ith — and the Editor avails himself of the following summary
copied from the Mercury (New York) :

The event of absorbing interest in military circles was the annual fall shoot
ing match of the National Rifle Association. The meeting, supplemented as it
was by the international shooting match, proved a very interesting one, the inter-
State and other team matches all attracting a good deal of attention. We give
a resume of the military matches for record. The shooting commenced Monday
with the cavalry match. The cavalry match was open to teams of seven,
carbines, seven rounds, at 200 yards; position, standing. The Washington Gr,ay
Troop won with a total team score of 173; Separate Troop, Fifth brigade,
163; Separate Troop, Twenty-fourth brigade, 157; Yates's Dragoons, 145;
Separate Troop, First division 136; Third Cavalry, Troop U, 122; Troop F, 114;
Troop H, 112 ; Troop B, 105. The Galling battery made 159.

The army and navy cup match, open to teams of twelve from all regularly organ
ized military organizations, distance 500 yards, rounds seven, posilion any within rules,
brought out seventeen teams. It was won by the Forty-eighth regiment of Oswego,
with a score of 328. The olher scores in ihis match were: Second regiment of Con
necticut, 312 ; Seventy-first, 307 ; Eighth, 299, First California (i i men), 290; Forly-
ninlh, 275; Forty-fourth, 264; Twenty-third, 262; Fourteenth, 248 ; Seventh, 246 ;
NINTH, 245; Forty-seventh, 223 ; Thirteenlh, 213 ; Twelfth, 218; Thirty-second, 213 ;
Twenty-eighth, 201 ; Sixty-ninth, 145.

The galling gun, 500 yards, seven shols, was also scooped in by the Forty-eighth,
with a score of 395. The Seventh made 296; Twenty-third, 290; Forty-ninth, 288;
Forty-fourth, 280; Sevenly-first, 280; Fourteenth, 265; NINTH, 251 ; Eighth, 245;
Thirly-second, 239; Twelflh, 215; Thirteenth, 194; Sixly-ninlh, 165; Forty-seventh,
158.

On Tuesday the ball opened with the New York Slale Nalional Guard malch, teams
of twelve, 200 and 500 yards, five rounds at each dislance. The Fourleenlh, Brook
lyn, headed the list with a score of 420. The Twenty-third scored 407 ; Forty-eighth,
Oswego, 403 ; NINTH, 393; Seventh, 387; Eighlh, 372; Forty-ninth, 366; Twelfth,
363; Forty-fourth, 347; Seventy-firsl, 341 ; Thirly-second, 334; Sixty-ninth, 319;
Thirteenth, 318 ; Twenty-eighth, 314; Forty-seventh, 309 ; Fifteenth batlalion, 269.

The First division match was also al 200 and 500 yards, five rounds al each. The
Sevenly-firsl look the first prize with a score of 428. The Eighlh scored 395 ; NINTH,
391 ; Seventh, 390; Twelfth, 387; Sixty-ninth, 317.

The Second division match was under ihe same condition as the First. The
Twenly-lhird won the first prize with a score of 405. The Fourleenlh scored 404;
Thirleenlh, 384; Thirty-second, 368; Forty-seventh, 354, Twenty-eighth, 318;
Fifteenlh ballalion, 307.

602 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1877

On Wednesday the event of the day was the inter-State match, teams of twelve
from regularly organized regiments; distance, 200 and 500 yards ; weapon, the author
ized military rifle in use in the State which the team represents. There were four
entries — California, Connecticut, New York and New Jersey. The Pacific slopers
won with a score of 995, using a Springfield rifle ; Connecticut, using a Peabody gunf
was second, with a score of 071 ; New York, with the State model, made 967 ; and
New Jersey, with the Springfield, scored 744. The New York team was composed of
seven from country regiments and five from this vicinity.

The champion match at 200, 600 and 1,000 yards, ten rounds each distance, was
participated in by a good many military men, and won by Major Henry Fulton with a
score of 139 out of a possible 150.

The Wimbledon Challenge Cup, presented by the National Rifle Association of
Great Britain, distance 1,000 yards, thirty rounds, was won by Dudley Self, of the New
Orleans team, with a score of 137 out of a possible 150.

The excitement of the week culminated in the International long range shooting
match for the championship of the world. On Thursday the American team scored
1,655, tne British team 1,629. On Friday the American team scored 1,679, the British
team 1,613; total American score, 3,334; total British score, 3,242. The Americans
thus won by 92 points. The days were both hot, but the weather was good for shoot
ing. The teams were: British — Sir Henry Halford, captain ; J. K. Millner, Lieutenant-
Colonel James Fenton, Lieutenant Geo. Fenton, Wm. Rigby, Wm. Ferguson, A. P.
Humphrey, H. S. W. Evans. American— General T. S. Dakin, captain ; L. Weber, I.
L. Allen, Frank Hyde, H. S. Jewell, L. C. Bruce, C. E. Blydenburgh, Wm. H. Jack-

Nothing of importance occurred after this until the i6th
of October, when the Fall inspection took place. Major David
Scott, the inspecting officer, reporting nine hundred and three
present and only sixty-three absent ; total, present and absent,
nine hundred and sixty-six. This was the largest number that
had ever been present at an inspection, and the largest, with
one exception, that had ever appeared in any regiment of the
National Guard; the Seventh, in 1863, turned out nine hundred
and seven.

For some time past the matter of a regimental history had
been discussed by the Veterans, and late in the month of
October a circular containing the following was issued :

" At a reo-ular meeting of the Veteran Association of the

o o

NINTH regiment, held October iQth, 1877, at the armory, it
was

" Resolved, ' That a Historical Committee be appointed to procure statistical and
other information of the NINTH Regiment, from its organization to the present time,
with a view to having the same, at some future time, compiled and published.'

A HISTORY OF THE REGIMENT COMMENCED. 603

" All the members and ex-members of the regiment who
have diaries of the marches, battles, etc., or who have any
memoranda giving a history of the regiment, or any papers or
facts which would be of interest in a history of this regiment,
are requested to send the same to the Chairman of the Com
mittee."

6O4 THE NINTH NEW YORK. lS;S

CHAPTER XXIX.

THE NINTH VISITS WASHINGTON.

Entertainment in Aid of Soldiers' Home at Bath, N. Y. — Corporal Tanner's Address-
— Burial of Colonel Hitchcock. — Memorial Day. — Rifle Practice at Creedmoor.
— Efforts to Secure a Colonel. — 1879 — Election of S. Oscar Ryder to the
Colonelcy. — Chaplain Reed Preaches to the Regiment. — Testimonial to Judge
Langbein. — 1880 — Washington's Birthday. — More Rifle Practice. — Field Day ;.t
New Dorp. — May Inspection Report. — Company H Visits Boston and Marble-
head. — Funeral of General Torbert. — 1881 — General Grant Reviews the NINTH.
— The NINTH Visits Washington. — Inauguration of President Garfield. —
Reviewed by General Sherman. — Company I Celebrates its Twentieth Birthday.
— Assassination of President Garfield. — 1882 — Resignation of Colonel Ryder. —
Colonel Seward to the Ffont. — Exhibition Bayonet Drill. — Reception by Com
pany H.— 1883 — Washington's Birthday. — A State Camp Established. — The
NINTH in Camp. — Extracts from Report. — Festivities at Close of Year. — 1884 —
A New Service Uniform.

1878.

THE first event of importance in the year's history to the
NINTH was an entertainment in the form of a Grand Hop,
given on the 26th of February, for the purpose of raising funds
towards the completion of the Home at Bath, Steuben Co., for
disabled veterans of the late war. As the ranks of the NINTH
contained a large number of war veterans, this object was one
near to their hearts. In his report to the Department Encamp
ment of the Grand Army of the Republic, in January, Com
mander James Tanner said in reference to this Home :

Two years ago, when we were forced to face the fact that year after year repeated
applications to the lawmakers of the commonwealth had failed to secure the inaugura
tion of measures which would tend to the relief of our needy and deserving comrades,
I was one of your number who earnestly advocated a change of base, and claimed that,
with a vivid remembrance of every call which patriotism made upon their bounty,
"we should go to the people and ask them that, out of their abundance which a benifi-
cent Providence had bestowed upon them, they should set aside a small sum, to the
end that those who could no longer help themselves might be furnished subsistence

1878 DEATH OF COLONKI, HITCHCOCK. 605

and shelter in a place, the inhabiting' of which should not impress upon them a mark
of disgrace ; that they should in fact be taken from the poorhouses of the State and
placed in a Soldiers' Home.

The result of the NINTH'S efforts in this direction was
highly gratifying, and several hundred dollars were added to the
fund.

On the 1 5th of April the regiment was called upon to pay
the last sad rites to the memory of their late comn'ander,
Colonel Hitchcock. For several months he had been ill, and
on the 1 2th he died. Besides the NINTH, the Eleventh and
Seventy-first regiments from the city, and the Troy Citizens'
Corps, eighty strong, as well as delegations of officers from
every regiment in the city and Brooklyn, took part in the
parade. Many of the higher officials, including Generals
Shaler, Woodward, Carr and Vilmar were also present. The
pall-bearers were Generals Varian and Wylie, Colonels Em-
rnons Clark, G. D. Scott, Josiah Porter and Charles S. Spen
cer.

The remains were conveyed to Silver-Lake Cemetery on
Staten Island.

Colonel Hitchcock first entered the military service in
1 86 1 as a member of Company F, Seventy-first regiment,
and served with that command during the first Bull Run
campaign. On December i4th, 1864, he was elected Captain
of Company B of the NINTH. May 2gth, 1870, he was made
Major ; June 4th, 1872, Lieutenant Colonel ; and on February
ist, 1875, was elected Colonel. •

On the 27th of May the Veterans dined at the Sturtevant
House, in celebration of the seventeenth anniversary of the
departure of the regiment for the seat of war. On the 3Oth the
regiment participated in the Memorial Day parade in honor
of the dead of the Union Army. This was the second occa
sion whereon the First division of the National Guard, under
orders from the State authorities, had turned out as escort to
the Posts of the Grand Army of the Republic. In 1876 Com
pany I, Captain Hussey, had volunteered for that service, but
Memorial Day was now recognized by the officials, and observed

606 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1878

with becoming ceremony. General Henry A. Barnum was
chief marshal. The parade was an imposing one. Detach
ments from the regular army and from the navy were in
line ; Colored militia, independent companies ; Fire companies,
and other organizations, each receiving well merited applause
from the spectators. It took an hour for the Veterans to pass
the grand stand. In the evening Booth's Theatre was
crowded by an assembly of ladies and gentlemen to listen to
the literary part of the exercise. General Win. T. Sherman
delivered the address, and was frequently interrupted by long
. continued applause, as his patriotic utterances fell upon the
ears of his audience.

On the 7th of June a detachment of two hundred — officers
and men — under command of Major Fryer, visited Creedmoor
for rifle practice. After individual practice, volley firing
followed, the score standing :

Company A, twenty-two men, 42 ; Company D, fourteen
men, 28 ; Company F, thirty-one men, 81 ;' Company G, four
teen men, 74; Company H, seventeen men, 55 ; Company I,
sixteen men, 58 ; Company K, thirteen men, 35 ; Companies
E, C, and B, thirteen men, 43. Major Orvis, Inspector of Rifle
Practice, and General Vilmar and staff were present.

On July 1 8, ex-Colonel Van Beuren died. He was buried
in the family vault in St. Mark's churchyard.

On October 21 st the annual inspection took place, which
showed the regiment to be in a very flourishing condition.

During the Fall several meetings of the Board of Officers
were held, at which candidates for Colonel were proposed, but
the year closed with the vacancy unfilled.

-879-

On the i gth of January the Board of Officers elected to
the colonelcy ex-Lieutenant-Colonel S. Oscar Ryder of the
Seventh regiment bv a single vote over Albert H. Rogers,

O J *T> O

formerly Lieutenant-Colonel of the F'orty-seventh. The long
canvass for a commanding officer had excited a great deal of
interest among both officers and men of the regiment, and

COLONEL S. OSCAR RYDER.

i8/9 SERMON BY CHAPLAIN REED. 607

when this close vote was announced it was feared that the
large minority might not readily acquiesce in the result, but
true to their military teachings, both officers and men "obeyed
orders," and cheerfully greeted the new commander. Several
attempts had previously been made to fill the vacancy, General
Lloyd Aspinwall having been elected, but he declined ; then ex-
Major-General Francis J. Herron, U. S. Vols., was chosen, but
after accepting the position he, too, declined. Several other
prominent gentlemen were mentioned for the office, among
them Mr. Henry Clair.

On May 26th the regiment was inspected, and on the 3oth
it turned out to celebrate Memorial Day. On June 22nd the
Chaplain, E. A. Reecl, D.D., preached in his own church a
sermon to the regiment. From the newspaper report we make
the following extracts :

He took the text of his sermon from Paul : " Fight the
good fight with faith."

* * * If a war were to he threatened, the great men and generals of the nation
would be slow to take up the sword, and would weigh well the subject and exhaust all
methods of adjustment before resorting to that alternative. But when at length it
became necessary, they would grasp it firmly and sway it with force. Some people
say we don't want a National Guard. The money it costs ought to be saved, and so
forth. But they were more than glad to have one two years ago. They wanted the
NINTH regiment, and they found them ready in the hour of danger. The preacher
went on to show the usefulness of the National Guard, and the work it has done in
troublesome times, and described the state of affairs that existed when the strike
occurred. From this he drew a lesson and urged his listeners to become good, faithful
Christians and fight the battle of the cross.

When I became chaplain of your regiment my greatest desire and most ardent
hope was that I might in some way be useful to you. No doubt most of you belong to
various religious denominations and attend your different places of worship. Yet,
while I would not interfere with any of your pastors, I shall be always glad to see you
here. Remember, if you ever want me, I am at your command. Whatever your faith
may be, you are all alike to me — English, French or German. I know no difference of
nationality.

At the close of the services the command dispersed, leaving the church in the sev
eral directions that took them to their homes.

On the ist of September the Board of Officers presented
judge J. C. Julius Langbein with a set of resolutions, expressive
of their gratitude to him for his faithful performance of duty

608 THE NINTH NK\V YORK. 1880

\vhilein the Legislature in 1877 and 1879,111 respect to the
needs of the Veterans of the War and the National Guard.

General Joseph Hooker died on the 3ist of October and
was buried at Garden City, Long Island.

1880.

Washington's birthday was celebrated on Monday, the 23d
of February. In the evening the NINTH, with their friends,
occupied Madison Square Garden, the regiment, under the
command of Colonel Ryder, being maneuvered for display be
fore the large assembly of visitors. At the conclusion of the
dress-parade, which preceded the drill, General Horace Russell,
Judge-Advocate-General, presented the NINTH, on behalf of the
Governor and the State, with a handsome set of colors. In
his address the general paid a high tribute to the National
Guard in general and to the NINTH in particular. After the
drill General Robert S. Oliver, Inspector-General, reviewed
the regiment, and when his duties were ended those assembled

indulged in dancing until a late hour.

The result of rifle practice was made manifest, when, on
the evening of March 5th, marksman's badges were conferred
upon those who had scored fifty per cent, or over at the one,
three, two and five hundred yard ranges.

On the 22nd of April, the NINTH enjoyed a field-day at
New Dorp, Staten Island, and the men were much benefited
by the drill in the open air. On May 24th, General Oliver
made his regular inspection and muster of the regiment. The
men were in fatigue uniform, and carried knapsacks, haver
sacks and canteens. Upon reviewing the line the Inspector
was accompanied by General Rodenbough, Colonel Jussen
and Major Scott. A most thorough inspection was afterwards
made of arms and equipments. From a newspaper account of
the affair the following is quoted :

The knapsacks being empty Gen. Oliver declined to inspect them, but in order to
test the instruction of the men he selected Co. I to exhibit the general proficiency of
the command. It was a happy selection, for Lieutenant Scott, who was in command,
is an old soldier. The close order and stack were excellent, while the unsling and open

.i88o

MUSTER AND INSPECTION.

609

knapsacks was worthy of the veteran company of the regiment. If all the companies
could execute these movements with the precision of Co. I, the NINTH- might be set
down as one of the very perfect organizations of the militia. At the close of the in
spection the regiment was mustered. Captain Walton's Co. F again leads the regi
ment in point of numbers parading its total strength, three officers and one hundred
men.

A street parade was afterwards made, General Oliver being
tendered a marching salute as the command passed the
Brunswick Hotel. The following is the report of the muster :

Present

Absent

Company.

n
i/i

2* [JT

• a
CL

H
o

Officers.

Enlisted
Men.

£.

3
f*

vn C
(/)

Field, Staff and N. C. Staff.
Company A. . . .«.

9
QO

i
10

I
10

19
103

21
I O2

Company B

Company C

4°

Company D

Company K

Company F

IOO

103

Company G.

102

Company H •

Company I

5°

Company K

Band

TotaJ

666

699

IO4

105

804

809

On the 3ist of May, the Memorial Day parade occurred,
the regiment participating. On June 6th the Chaplain
preached a sermon to the regiment, the men turning out in
good force and marching to the church. On the loth, the
funeral of the late brigade commander, General Frederick
Vilmar, occurred, the NINTH parading with the other regiments
of the brigade in attendance upon the ceremonies.

On Wednesday, the 15th of September, Company H left
for Boston, Mass., to participate in the ceremonies attending
the 25Oth anniversary of the settlement of that city. The
company mustered twenty-eight files, five sergeants, and was
under the command of Captain George W. Homans ; the Lieu
tenants beino- George B. Campbell and Horatio E. McComber.

^ O *•

6 10 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1880

The following officers, representing the regiment, accompanied
the command : Major W. Boerum Wetmore, Captain G.
Henry Witthaus, Inspector of Rifle Practice, Adjutant Charles
L. Housman, Captains George A. Husseyand Isaac H. West,
and Lieutenants Samuel L. Kittle and Walter Scott. The
column was escorted to the foot of Murray Street by Company
F, Captain William P. \Valton, Drum Major George W. Hill
leading with his corps. The Providence Line steamer, Rhode
Island, received the excursionists, who, after a rather lively
night, reached Providence, R. L, early the following morning.
Reeves' American Band of Providence here reenforced the
drum corps, and after an hour's ride on the cars, the "Hub"
was reached. Here Company D, Fifth Mass. Vol. Militia,
better known as the " Independent Boston Fusileers," Captain
Henry A. Snow, received the party and escorted them to
breakfast, after which the column proceeded to the Eastern R.
R. Station, but while en route, Captain Edwin R. Frost, of the
Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, was encountered,
to whom the party was obliged to surrender, and were by him
treated to cigars and accompanying " fixins."

A brief visit to Marblehead, the former home of Captain
Homans, was on the programme, where the party arrived
about eleven o'clock. The Sutten Light Infantry, (Company
C, Eighth regiment Mass. Vol. Militia) Captain Stuart F.
McClearn, here received the visitors, and to the music of the
Lynn Brass Band, escorted thsm to Abbott Hall, where lunch
was served. Afterwards the column, consisting of Company
C, Eighth Mass., and the visitors, marched through the prin
cipal streets and at about five o'clock halted at the residence
of Lieutenant-Colonel John F. Brown. The invited guests,
military and civic, were then escorted to Abbott Hall, where a
genuine " Yankee " dinner was served and several patriotic
addresses delivered. The visitors were quartered for the
night in the armory of the Sutten Light Infantry, but quite a
number accepted the hospitality of their hosts, at their homes.

On the morning of the i /th the visitors, under the escort
of Company C of the Eighth, returned to Boston, and were

i88o VISIT OF COMPANY II TO BOSTON. 6ll

met at the station by the Eighth regiment, Colonel Benjamin
F. Peach, and escorted to their place in line with the other
organizations that formal the New York division ; and which
consisted of the Thirteenth, Twenty-third and Sixty-ninth regi
ments, which had arrived that morning. The men of the
NINTH were here formed into a battalion, under command of
Major Wetmore, with Captain Witthaus and Adjutant Hous-
man on his staff ; the four commands of twelve single files each,
being commanded by Captains Homans, Hussey and West,
and Lieutenant Scott.

During the extended march, the citizens embraced every
opportunity offered by the short halts, to distribute refresh
ments to the citizen soldiery, which were fully appreciated.

The citizens of Boston had not forgotten the NINTH, since

its visit in 1870, and the company and drum corps received a
large share of attention. After the parade was over, a light
lunch was served, after which the party boarded the train which
soon carried them to Providence. The trip down Narragansett
Bay and the Sound was uneventful, the tourists feeling the
need of rest and indulging in that to their heart's content.
Home was reached in due season, everyone feeling satisfied
with the short but pleasant " outing."

On the 29th, the NINTH formed part of the escort to the
remains of General A. T. A, Torbert, who was drowned off
the coast of Florida, while en route to Mexico. The NINTH,
under command of Colonel Ryder, awaited the remains at
Trinity Chapel, and after the services there, formed part of
the escort to the Jersey City ferry ; military bodies from New
Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware received and conveyed
them to Milford, Delaware, the late home of the General.
A delegation from the Board of Officers of the NINTH also
accompanied the remains. The secretary of the Committee
having in charge the ceremonies was Lieut. Joseph F. Swords>
formerly of Company G of the NINTH.

On October 2ist, the First and Second divisions of the
National Guard were reviewed by the Governor.

6l2 THE NINTH NEW YCKK. i83r

1881.

On the 22nd of February the NINTH assembled at Mad
ison Square Garden, where General Grant reviewed the regi
ment ; a drill and dress-parade were also part of the ceremonies,
after which dancing was indulged in by a large portion of the as
sembly. Nearly five thousand people were present during the
evening, and everything passed off to the satisfaction of the
members and their guests.

The NINTH having decided to attend the inauguration of

£"> o

President James A. Garfield, at Washington, on the 4th of
March, the regiment left New York on the evening of the ^d,

<"» *> *-*

by the Bound Brook route, but such was the press of travel on
the road that the train did not reach Baltimore until daylight

j O

of the 4th. Breakfast had been ordered to be delivered at the
depot at four o'clock, but it was a full hour after that before
the cars rolled in. Hastily swallowing what could most
readily be obtained, the trip was resumed in the midst of a
drizzling rain-storm, which, in fact, had prevailed during the
whole night. The prospects were not cheering, and the many
delays caused a good deal of grumbling, for fear that the great
ceremony would be over before the regiment reached the
capital. It was high noon before the train drew into the old
depot, used during the war ; the rain had ceased, however, and
the regiment marched at once towards the Capitol, near which
it halted. President Garfield was at that moment taking the
oath of office. After the impressive ceremonies were concluded
the procession re-formed, marching down Pennsylvania Avenue,
President Garfield and ex-President Grant reviewing the col-

umn from a stand in front of the White House. The city
was filled with visitors, both military and civic. The Cleve
land Grays, of Cleveland, Ohio, were the President's special
escort, and attracted much attention by their soldierly and
gentlemanly bearing. Many Republican campaign clubs were
in the procession, and prominent among them were the Phil
adelphia " Invincibles."

l88i INAUGURATION OF PRESIDENT GARFIEI.l). 613

After passing- the reviewing stand, the NINTH continued its
march towards Georgetown, and then, countermarching,
brought up at the quarters — the train of cars upon which it
came from New York. The men were then dismissed till noon
the next clay, in order to give all an opportunity of seeing the
sights of the Capital City. Many of the war veterans extended
their trip into Virginia, crossing by the Long Bridge, and, for
a moment, felt somewhat surprised when their passes were not
demanded by armed sentries at the bridge heads. Many of
the men " made a night of it, "and in common with those visit
ors who could not — or didn't want to — find accommodations,
passed the hours in going about from point to point and view
ing objects by gas-light.

At one P. M. on the sth line was formed and the reo-iment

•* S

marched to the grounds in front of the Capitol, where General
William T. Sherman reviewed the column. At the conclusion
of the parade the officers were introduced to the General-in-
Chief. About nine o'clock in the evening '• All aboard" was
shouted, and the train moved off towards home, New York
being reached at noon of Sunday, the 6th. As a new city
ordinance prohibited band music on the Sabbath, the regiment
was obliged to take the " route step " to the armory, where
they arrived in clue time and were dismissed, well pleased with
their three clays' outing.

On the 22nd of April the NINTH paraded with the First
brigade, General William G. Ward, to which it had been trans
ferred. On the 1 2th of May the brigade enjoyed a field day
at Prospect Park, in Brooklyn, the commanding officer put
ting the troops through the regulation movements. During
the exercises of Memorial Day — on the 3Oth — a salute was fired
in honor of the presence of the Secretary of \Var, Mr. Robert
T. Lincoln, son of the martyred President. On June 5th the
annual sermon was preached to the regiment by the chaplain.

An interesting event in July was the celebration of the twen
tieth birthday of old Company I, on the i6th. The boys called
it a grand Mish Mash, and the Mash was Mished at the Utah
House, corner of Twenty-fifth Street and Eighth Avenue.

6 14 TIIK NINTH NEW YORK. 1881

Captain George A. Hussey presided, and also acted as toast-
master. Over two hundred sat about the tables, and after the
creature comforts had been discussed, songs, stories and
speeches, whiled away the time until the " wee sma' hours
ayont the twal," when " three times three " were given for
Company I anil old times, and the happy company dispersed.

General Ambrose E. Burnsicle died on September 1 3th, and
was buried at Providence, R. I.

It will be recalled how the news of the attempted assassina
tion of President Garfielcl, on July 2nd, by the miserable Gui-
teau, shocked the country, and, in fact, the whole civilized world.
During the long summer days the patient sufferer bore his
trials with heroic fortitude, but at last, on the igth of Septem
ber, he breathed his last. It was not until the 2ist that the
official notice was issued from state headquarters, and three
days later before the First division order was promulgated :

HKADQUARTERS FIRST Divisfox.
NATIONAL GUARD STATE OF NK\V YORK,

155 AND 157 MKRCKR STREET,
New York, September i\th, 1881.

GENERAL ORDERS, \

No. ii. f >

The following General Orders from General Headquarters announcing the death
of the President of the United States, is hereby promulgated :

GENERAL HEADQUARTERS, STATE OF NEW YORK,

ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE,

Albany, September 2 is/, 1881.

GENERAL ORDERS, )
No. 23. f

I. It has become the painful duty of the Commander-in-Chief to announce to the
National Guard of this State the death, at Long Branch, New Jersey, on the evening
of the igth instant, of JAMES A. GARFIELD, President of the United States. In pro
found grief, in common with the people of the whole country, he bows in humble sub
mission to the Supreme will of Almighty God, who in the impenetrable mysteries of
His own purposes has suffered so baneful an affliction to fall upon the Nation. Indeed,
well may the whole people mourn the death of such a man, so loving and tractable
in childhood ; so earnest, self-poised and dutiful in youth ; in manhood, the polished
scholar, the brilliant orator, the profound statesman, and the Christian soldier whose
patriotism gallantly culminated on the battle-fields of his country. This is the man,
this the ruler, who, by the foul act of the assassin, has been stricken in death, from the
exalted position to which the acclaim of the people had elevated him.

II. As a tribute of respect to the memory of the deceased President, and indicative

1 882 DEATH OF PRESIDENT GARFJELD. 615

of the grief which shakes the Nation, the Commander-in-Chief directs that for the
ensuing six months the officers of the National Guard of this State will wear crape upon
the left arm and upon the sword hilt, as prescribed in paragraph 305 of the General
Regulations, and that for the same period, all regimental colors on occasions of cere
mony, be furled and draped with crape, and until and including the day of the funeral
obsequies, the National color be hoisted half-staff on all of the armories and arsenals
of the State, and the commanding officers of batteries will, at dawn on the day suc
ceeding the receipt of this order, cause thirteen guns to be fired, and afterwards at
intervals of thirty minutes, between the rising and setting of the sun, a single gun,
and at the close of the day a national salute of thirty-eight guns.
By order of the Commander-in-Chief,

FREDERICK TOWNSEND,
Major-General and Adjutant-General, S. N, Y.
Official.

(Signed) J. B. STONEHOUSE,

Col. and Act'g A. A.-G., S. N. Y.

By order of Major-General ALEXANDER SHAI.ER.

HENRY A. GILDERSLEEVE.
Co/one/, A. A. Gen/, and Chief of Staff.

On the 5th of October the annual Fall inspection took
place, and this closed the important events in the history of
the NINTH for the year.

1882.

On the 22nd of March Colonel Ryder resigned his commis
sion in the National Guard, after nearly twenty-five years
service. He enlisted in Company H, Seventh regiment, Sep
tember nth, 1855 ; October nth, 1858, was promoted Left gen
eral guide, and on January 5th, 1859, was made Right general
guide. In September, i86r,he\vas Second Sergeant of Com
pany H; on March 2Oth, 1862, Second Lieutenant of Company
E ; First Lieutenant, August 28th, 1863 ; Captain, September
29th, 1864; Lieutenant-Colonel, April ist, 1872; resigned Sep
tember ist, 1876. Elected Colonel of the NINTH, January
1 6th, 1879.

Fortunately for the interests of the regiment, there was
practical unanimity in the choice of a successor to Colonel
Ryder, for in less than a month, on April 1 7th, Lieutenant-
Colonel William Seward, Jr., late of Third brigade staff, and

6l6 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1882

formerly Major of the regiment, was elected. He entered the
military service in Company E, Seventh regiment, Oct. ist,
1858 ; was promoted Corporal, June 5, 1860 — in the U. S.
service from April iQth to June 3d, 1861 — Sergeant, Jan. 3 ;
First Lieutenant, June 2, 1862 ; in the U. S. service from May
25th to Sept. 5th, 1862 — also, from June i6th to July 20,
1863 — resigned Oct. ist, 1863.

Commissioned Adjutant NINTH regiment Sept. 22, 1866 ;
Major, June 8th, 1868 ; Lieut.-Colonel and Asst. Adjutant-
General Third brigade, April ist, 1870; Brevet-Colonel N. G.
S. N. Y. Jan. 3 ist, 1879; Colonel, NINTH regiment, April I7th,
1882.

On the iQth Company I gave an exhibition bayonet drill
at the armory, in competition with the uniformed members
of the Veteran Association of the old Fifth New York Vol
unteers — Duryea's Zouaves. The New York Times gave this
account of the affair :

The zouaves were dressed in the old uniform, red bag-trousers with white leggings,
blue zouave jacket, and fez with tassel. 'They were armed with short rifles and sword
bayonets, and were under the command of Captain Andrew Coats. Company I wore
their regular fatigue uniform and carried the State rifle and bayonet. Captain George
A. Hussey was in command. The drill was a very fine one, both squads showing the
care that had been taken in their instruction. The zouaves drilled according to
McClellan's tactics, the NINTH according to Upton's. It is almost impossible to make
a distinction between the two commands as regards proficiency. The drill and uniform
of the zouaves were the most showy, but the men of the NINTH were solid and ready-
all the time. It is sufficient to say that the audience were very much pleased and
expressed their delight by frequent applause. Among the guests present were Gen
erals Abram Duryee, McOuade, Fraser and Locke, and Colonels Cruger, Scott and
Montgomery, with their staffs. After the drill, dancing was in order and was kept up
until a late hour.

•

A few evenings after, Company H gave a reception, a
report of which we copy from the New York Mercury :

Company H of this command, Captain Henry G. Chapman, held its closing drill
and reception at the armory on West Twenty-sixth Street a few evenings since. The
programme was opened with an exhibition drill which was executed with great exact
ness and elicited rounds of applause from the visitors. After drilling for half an hour
or more the following organizations arrived and were warmly received by Company
H; Company E, Eighth regiment, Captain J. J. Horgan ; Company K, Twelfth regi
ment, Captain William V. King; Company E, Fourteenth regiment, Captain J. K..

COLONEL WILLIAM SEWARD, JR.

1382 A STATE CAMP ESTABLISHED. 617

Barlow ; and Washington Light Battery. Captain Ferdinand P. Earle. Adjutant
Charles L. Housman formed the battalion, with Captain Chapman in command, for
dress-parade and review, and with good alignments and steady step the review was
received by Major T. B. Rand and staff, of the NINTH regiment. After the review
Captain Chapman in a neat speech complimented Company H on its growth and effi
ciency and presented Corporal F. A. Gale with a handsome diamond badge for having
obtained the greatest number of recruits during the year. The next feature on the
programme was the presentation to Captain Chapman of a handsome sword and belt
by the members of his company. This pleasing ceremony, which completely took
Captain Chapman by surprise, was gracefully performed by Captain G. Henry Witt-
liaus. who in his speech paid a high compliment to Captain Chapman for the zeal he
has at all times manifested in behalf of the NINTH regiment. The recipient cf this
testimonial of regard and esteem eloquently responded and was loudly cheered. A
reception followed with Lieutenant W. R. dough as floor manager, and First Sergeant
R. S. Capen as his aid. The entertainment was a very enjoyable one, and dancing
was kept up till a late hour. Adjutant Johnston, of the Eighth regiment, formerly
commander of the company, was present and took deep interest in the movements.

The NINTH participated in the Memorial Day exercises on
May 3Oth. On the 23th of June an inspection was made,
the result of which w-as gratifying to all concerned.

1883.

On Washington's birthday Madison Square Garden was
filled with the members of the NINTH and their friends. After
the usual drill-room parade and inspection, dancing followed,
and the amusement was kept up until all seemed satisfied and
were ready to go home. Memorial Day was duly observed on
May 30th.

An important feature was this year introduced into the
" curriculum " of the National Guard. A State Camp had been
established at Peekskill, on the Hudson, and but a few hours"
ride by rail from the city. The design was that each regiment
and separate company in the State — or as many of them as the
limit of time would allow — should spend a week — from Satur
day to Saturday — at this camp, for the purpose of familiarizing
the men with camp and field duties. On the izj-th of July the
NINTH reached the camp, remaining there till the 2ist. On
the igth the Veterans of the regiment visited the camp, and
they seemed to take as much interest in the affair as the
" Actives." The week's stay was of great benefit to the regi-

6lS THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1883

ment. Many of the members had never slept under canvas
before. The strict discipline maintained while the men were
on duty, and the regularity with which all service was per
formed, showed the young men something of military life in
the field.

From the Adjutant-General's report for this year we cull
interesting facts respecting the regiment, with special reference
to its tour of duty at the camp :

This regiment was encamped seven days, with an average daily attendance of five
hundred and nineteen, for which sixty-four prescriptions were issued, being less than
thirteen per cent, on duty daily. The average daily temperature was seventy-eight
degrees Fahr. The number excused from duty on account of illness was twenty-four ;
of which, however, but one was transferred to the hospital, who was a member of the
band. The largest item of the disorders is diarrhoea, which constituted about thirty
per cent, of the total list. The medical record of this organization is admirable, and
could not have been attained had their medical officers been inattentive to their duties.

The regular army officer — a veteran of the war — who was
detailed to visit the State Camp and report to the Adjutant-
General of the Army at Washington upon the condition of the
troops there, said :

On the I Qth of July, I made a second visit to the camp, in obedience to orders from
General Hancock, and at the special request of tillable Adjutant-General of the State,
General John G. Farnsworth.

It seems that the presence of an army officer in camp is regarded as a recognition
of the standing and importance of the National Guard on the part of the War Depart
ment, and the country now and for the future. All seem anxious to bring the two
branches of the service, so to speak, into closer relations. I was treated with the great
est possible courtesy and hospitality by all the staff. I came in company with the Adju
tant-General, and Governor Cleveland, who was received handsomely by the NINTH
regiment, now in camp, Colonel Seward commanding, and the Sixth Separate Com
pany (the Troy Citizens Corps), Captain Cusack commanding, and the guard and the
staff, with all the honors due to the Commander-in Chief, emphasized still more by a
marching review and dress-parade. The latter contained some additions of ceremony
not laid down in the tactics. I staid over in camp next day in order to witness every
thing that was done. Simultaneously with police call after reveille, came the first
detail for the target range, composed of two companies of the NINTH, with their own
officers, the regimental inspector of rifle practice, and Colonels Gilette and David.
The work was volley firing in ranks at one hundred yards, and skirmish fire at from
fifty to three hundred yards, measurably well done and carefully superintended. There
is much coaching of the marksmen, and some of them learn rapidly, but with it is more

1883 RF. PORTS UPON' THE CAMP OF INSTRUCTION 619

or less excitement of voicj and manners, which is had. The calmness of habitual com
mand is especially needed when troops are tiring. After guard-mount came company
and battalion drill. It would be insidious to criticise when the drill is for instruction
of officers and men and where the scholars are only learning their lessons. :|i * *
The opportunity afforded by this encampment for instruction of the solitary companies
in the school of the battalion is too important to be overlooked.

As the National Guard has supplanted the old militia, it may be regarded as the
first army reserve to be called out in case of war, and steps should be taken to increase,
strengthen and improve it for both State and National purposes.

What are twelve thousand soldiers partially equipped, little drilled, and kept up by
voluntary rules of discipline to a population in its own State of five millions of people !

The question of improving, increasing and utilizing the National Guard as a National
Reserve, or sort of Landwehr, is one of great nicety and calls for discussion by our mili
tary thinkers and writers. The National Guard of the Empire State of New York
goes into camp one week in two years; the Landwehr, in Germany, eight weeks every
year.

Very respectfully. General,

Your obedient servant,

O. B. WILLCOX,
Colonel and Brevet Major-General.

Following is the report of Colonel Seward.

HEADQUARTERS NINTH REGIMENT, N. G. S. N. Y.

Xew York, December \^th, 1883.
'Major-General J.G. FARXSWORTH,

Adjutant-General, State of New York :

GENERAL : — I have the honor to report that, in compliance with Special Order No.
47, C. S., of May 16, from General Headquarters, State of New York, this regiment
assembled at its armory on Saturday, July Hth, 1883, at 1 1.30 A. M., and at i 2.30 P. M.
proceeded to the foot of Twenty-second Street, North River, where it embarked on,
steamer Long Brandt, 545 strong, exclusive of its band of 51 pieces, which also
accompanied it, for the State Camp of Instruction at Peekskill, arriving at Roa Hook
at 4.30 P. M. and entering camp, formally relieved the Nineteenth Separate Company,
Captain W. Haubennestel of Poughkeepsie.

The Sixth Separate Company, Captain James W. Cusack commanding, assigned
to my command, arrived shortly after, from Troy, 80 strong, and were at once quar
tered on my right in camp.

Before leaving my armory it is proper for me here to state I detailed my guard, and
likewise appointed my officer of the guard and officer of the day.

After each of the several companies had taken possession of the various quarters
assigned them in camp, the respective commandants at once commenced drawing the
quartermaster's supplies, after which the regiment partook of supper at 6 P. M.. and
at 7.30 P. M. dress-parade was held.

The following day, Sunday, the ijth, the regiment attended divine service in the
morning on the parade ground, the Rev. Henry Ward, of Poughkeepsie, officiating,
my own chaplain, the Rev. E. A. Reed, being abroad in Europe. Owing to a steady
rain-storm setting in at 5 P. M.. dress-parade had to be dispensed with, guard-mount,
however, having taken place at 9 A. M.

62O THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1883

With the dawn of Monday, the i6th, rifle practice opened on the range at 6 A. M.,
continuing all clay until 6 P. M , except intermission for meals, and this was repeated
daily, with the exception of the afternoon of the igth, when the annual muster and
inspection took place.

Likewise on Monday, the i6th, the regular company, battalion and regimental
drills began, and during the entire encampment were repeated daily, except on the
morning of Wednesday, the i8th, when my surgeon advised me, o\ving to the intense
heat, that it would be most prudent to suspend the morning drill, which I accordingly
did. Guard mounting was performed daily at 9 A. M., and dress-parade was held at
7.30 P. M.

On Thursday, the ipth. I was honored by the arrival in cam]) of his excellency,
Governor Cleveland, Commander-in-Chief, accompanied by his staff and Colonel Will-
cox, Twelfth infantry, United States Army ; the Governor's salute being fired and
regiment parading and receiving him with due military honors, every member of my
command deeply realizing and appreciating the special honor he thus conferred on the
NINTH regiment. In the afternoon the annual inspection and muster was held on
the parade ground, and later on his excellency. Governor Cleveland, Commander-in-
Chief, accompanied by his staff, accepted a review and marching salute. To him, for
his distinguished consideration and attendance, I desire to return my especial thanks.

On Saturday, the 2ist, I broke camp at noon, and after having the same properly
cleaned up and turning over all the State property, which I had drawn and received on
my arrival, to Brigadier-General Wylie, I left the camp in charge of the Sixth Separate
Company, Captain Jas. W. Cusack, and embarking my command on the steamer
Long Branch left Roa Hook at i P. M., reaching the foot of West Twenty-second
Street, New York, at 4 P. M. and my armory at 4.30 P. M., where, after addressing my
command on the servive they had completed, I dismissed them.

I am thoroughly satisfied with the beneficial results to my regiment of the tour of
camp duty, and the results will be made more manifest if this privilege is year after
year repeated, and I would earnestly recommend that suitable provision be made so
that each organization in the State can be sent into camp at least eight days
annually.

The grounds at Peekskill are admirably adapted for the purpose, and in my judg
ment should be purchased by the State authorities, so that a permanent Camp of In
struction could be established.

There is ample room to accommodate two regiments at a time, and by so doing
there would be no difficulty whatever in giving the entire National Guard of the State
an opportunity for improvement which has heretofore been denied them. It is only
just to say that on occasions when their services have been required by either the
National, the State or the city authorities they have always responded with full ranks
and promptly met every demand made upon them, and it seems to me but fair that
every facility possible should be given them to maintain and improve their efficiency.

If rifle practice is in the future as in the past to be combined with the tour of camp
duty, I would most respectfully suggest that the range at Peekskill be increased in
size and at least double the amount of target accommodation furnished, as it would
greatly facilitate matters. The present range, what there is of it, is most admirable,
and the sliding target used there I consider far superior to the Creedmoor iron target.
\Vhile on this subject, I desire most earnestly to thank Brigadier-General Chas. F.
Robbins, General Inspector of Rifle Practice, and his most able assistants, Lieutenant-
Colonel Lewis W. Gillett and Lieutenant-Colonel A. L. David, for their many cour-

1883 REPORT OF COLONEL SKWAR1), JR. 621

tesies and especially for their daily faithful and untiring field services on the range with
my command, lending most valuable assistance to my own inspector of rifle practice.
My thanks are due and tendered to the several officers of the regimental staff for
the care and attention which each gave to their duties ; the burdens of the command
ing officer were sensibly lightened in the assumption of responsbility by these officers
and their intelligent execution of the orders pertaining to their several departments.

I cannot, however, close my report without acknowledging my obligations to the
officers of the staff of the Commander-in-Chief for their constant and unremitting
attention in every possible way to make our duty as pleasant and profitable as possible,
and to General Wylie, Colonel Story and Colonel Phisterer I am especi ally indebted
in this regard, all of which is respectfully submitted by

Very truly, your obedient servant,

WILLIAM SEWARD, JR.,
Colonel Commanding NINTH Regiment, X. G. S. A'. Y.

The Adjutant-General's report further shows that of the
thirty-four officers, eleven served in the regiment — or other
Union organizations — during the war, while one served in the
Confederate army.

On the evening of the gth of October Company G gave
their annual stag entertainment at the Utah House. After
disposing of a good supper, the boys let themselves loose fora
while, and songs, speeches and instrumental music filled out
the night.

On the 26th of November the one hundredth anniversary
of Evacuation Day was celebrated by a parade. Rain fell
during the day and while the troops were on the march, but
the programme was carried through.

1884.

On the 3Oth of January Lieutenant-Colonel Montgomery
resigned and Major Rand was advanced to fill the vacancy,
Adjutant C. A. H. Bartlett being promoted to the Majority.
Lieut. -Colonel Thomas B. Rand entered the military service
as a member of the Rifle Club, Boston, — , 1858 ; Sergeant, Co.
B, 2nd Bat. Mass. Vol. Militia, " The Boston Light Infantry,"
April 10, 1859; discharged Sepr. 25, 1860; Captain, Co. C,
33d Mass. Vols., July 21, 1862; served in the nth and 2oth
Army corps; mustered out June 29, 1865 ; Major NINTH regi-

622 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1884

ment N. G. S. N. Y. June i, 1882; Lieut-Colonel, Feb. 5,
1884.

During April battalion drills were held and marked improve
ment was noticed in the movements. On May I2th, the regi
ment paraded, and marksman's badges were conferred upon
the successful competitors. Memorial Day was duly observed
on the 30th. On June 8th, Chaplain Reed preached his
annual sermon to the regiment, and on the loth, Creedmoor
was again visited for rifle practice. During the month the
men were measured for the new Service Uniform, adopted by
the State authorities. This consisted of dark blue coats, half
Prince Albert style, with double row of buttons ; light blue
pants with dark blue stripe, and a low-crowned blue cap with
straight visor. The old uniform was given up with much
regret, but as the State refused to make appropriations for
special uniforms, all the State troops in the division — except
the Seventh and Twenty-second regiments who still fur
nished their own — were obliged to adopt the new dress.
When the Fall inspection occurred on the 3d of October, the
regiment appeared in the prescribed uniform.

On the 28th of October the First and Second divisions
were reviewed by Governor Grover Cleveland.

1885 RECEPTION AT MADISON SQUARE GARDEN. 623

CHAPTER XXX.

THE "ACTIVES" ENTERTAIN THE VETERANS.

1885-1886.

Drill and Reception. — Marksman's Badges Presented. — Exhibition of Games.— The
State Camp. — Death of General Grant. — Annual Inspection. — Courtesies Ex
tended by the Twenty-second Regiment. — 1886— Death of General Hancock. —
Company K's Reception. — " Pat's Military Record." — The Twenty-fifth Anni
versary of Departure for the War. — The "Actives" Entertain the Veterans. —
Register of War Veterans Present. — Memorial Day. — Celebrating the Muster In
of June 8th, 1861. — National Guard Reorganized. — Veteran's Pilgrimage to the
Battle-fields. — Reception at Sharpsburg, Md. — Presenting the Testimonal. — Get
tysburg. — Report of Fall Inspection. — Dedication of Statute of Liberty. — Efforts
to Secure a new Armor.

T885.

first event of the year to the NINTH was the drill and
reception at Madison Square Garden on February 24th.
From a report of the affair, published in Army mid Navy
Journal, we gather the following :

The bearing of the men on parade furnished evidence that the necessity of a
proper system of discipline has been recognized, and that the regiment intends to keep
pace with the requirements of the times. To be able to make a statement to this
effect gives us more than usual satisfaction, because in times gone by we have had
occasion for severely censuring the regiment on the very points where they now
receive our commendation. The regiment turned out commendably in point of
numbers, and the uniforms were well-fitted. * * * Another subject of favorable
comment is that white shirt collars, which evidently must form a part on occasions of
•this sort, were, at least, uniformly worn and reduced to a modest size. * * *

General Charles P. Stone was the reviewing officer, and
was accompanied by General Shaler and staff. General Stone
was an old friend of the NINTH, the regiment having served
under him in the early part of the war. The review was exe
cuted with ten commands of sixteen files. The paper above
quoted further said :

•624 THE NINTH NEW YORK.

1 88;

After a fine performance of the drum and fife corps, under direction of Drum-
Major Hill, the military character of the exhibition was lost and terpsichorean exercises
took the place of military maneuvers. The display on the floor was brilliant, the
audience was numerous, and the exhibition in its social features became as successful
as it had proven in a military sense. The N i NTH, taken as a whole, showed marked pro
gress, and we congratulate them on their decided improvement. * * * The boundless
hospitality of the regiment and the jolly good-fellowship of its officers, as shown on
this occasion, formed a pleasant feature of the entertainment, and this account would
not be complete if we had neglected to mention it. The Regular Army was repre
sented by Lieutenants Zalinski and Whistler, of the 5th artillery, in full uniform.

On the 25th of April marksman's badges were presented
by Captain G. Henry Witthaus, the Inspector of Rifle Prac
tice, who preceded the presentation with one of his character
istic speeches.

On Saturday evening, May i6th, the regiment, with a large
number of their friends, occupied the armory for the purpose
of witnessing the second annual exhibition of games by the
various teams in the regiment. Running and walking races,
club swinging, sack races, hurdle races, roller skating, jump
ing matches, bicycle and wheelbarrow races, and a three-mile
'" go-as-you-please " race made up the programme. Prizes
were awarded the successful competitors, and the occasion was
a pronounced success.

On the 2/th of June the NIXTH occupied the State Camp
of Instruction at Peekskill, where, during the week, they gained
much valuable experience in the duties of the soldier. Two
days after the arrival of the regiment the camp was invaded by
the Veteran organization, accompanied by their lady relatives,
friends and children, who spent the day ; embarking for home
at eight o'clock in the evening.

The return of the regiment on July 4th was noted in the
Tribune of the 5th, as follows :

As brown as berries and as steady as veterans the men of the gth infantry
marched to their armory last evening from the Grand Central Depot, where they had
arrived at 5 P. M. from the State Camp. A week of field duty made a great improve
ment in the command. Their officers spoke with enthusiasm of the good behavior of
the men. The regiment returned under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas
B. Rand, Colonel Seward having gone to New-Hamburg to spend a few days. After

1885 DEATH OF EX-1'RESIDEXT, GENERAL GRANT. 62r

a dusty march from the camp to the cars, after being relieved by the 7ist infantry in
the afternoon, the regiment was compelled to stand for half an hour without shelter at
Roa Hook station waiting for the train in a pouring rain. After boarding it the men
occupied themselves in removing the mud from their uniforms as best they could.
When the line was formed, after reaching the city, they looked as if they had seen service.
They marched down Forty-second Street, and Seventh Avenue, to Twenty-sixth Street,
to their armory. On the route they were warmly greeted, especially at the St. Cloud
Hotel, of which the Lieutenant-Colonel is one of the proprietors. The hotel was gayly
decorated and their friends saluted them with packs of fire-crackers and other squibs
that they had prepared for the occasion.- The men were halted in front of the armory
and faced to the front and Lieutenant-Colonel Rand addressed them as follows :
" Men of the NINTH regiment : Colonel Sevvard desired me to say to you that he appre
ciates exceedingly the manner in which the officers and men have conducted them
selves in camp, and in this the field and staff heartily unite. Your behavior will add
greatly to the fame and glory of the old NINTH regiment."

Then the two wings marched into the building by separate entrances and the band
played " Home, Sweet Home." Throngs of friends and relatives surrounded the
soldiers, with whom, when they had broken ranks, they departed, glad to be home, but
wishing they could soon have another week in camp.

Major Clifford A. H. Bartlett told a Tribune reporter that the regiment had a
better record for health at the State Camp than any that had ever been there. Assist
ant Surgeon A. H. Doty confirmed this statement, say%ing that during their sojourn
there, there had not been but one man in the hospital and only five excused from duty
out of the active command of nearly 750 men, including the 4Oth and 4ist Separate
Companies from Syracuse.

In a little over a month after the regiment returned from
the State Camp, it was called upon to participate in the obse
quies attending the burial of General U. S. Grant, ex-Presi
dent of the United States. It is hardly necessary, here, to
relate the circumstances attending the long illness and death
of this truly great man and soldier. Alllicted with an incur
able malady, he struggled heroically against the enemy, but
was finally compelled to make an unconditional surrender on
July 23d. The following order was issued from brigade
headquarters :

HEADQUARTERS FIRST BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION, N. G. S. N. Y.,

No. 48 PINE STREET,

New York, August jth, 1885.
GENERAL ORDERS, (
No. 6, \

I. Pursuant to General Orders No. 8, c. s. Orders from Headquarters First
Division, this brigade will parade in full dress uniform, light marching order, Field
and Staff mounted, on Saturday, the 8th day of August, 1885, to take part in the last
sad rites over the remains of the Nation's Dead, General and Ex-President Ulysses
S. Grant.

626 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1885

II. Line will be forme:! in Broadway, East si:le, left of brigade resting on or near
Twenty-third Street, to be ready to move at 9 o'clock A. M. The Eleventh infantry
will constitute the basis of formation.

III. Troops will wear canteens, and Regimental Commanders will see that they
are properly filled before starting.

IV. The ambulance wagons allotted to each regiment, will take post on its left,
occupying as little space as possible.

V. Regimental Commanders will report to the Brigade Chief of Staff in Broad
way on or near Twenty-third Street at hour named for formation.

VI. The 22d infantry is hereby detailed to fire three volleys over the tomb of
General Grant.

By command of Brigadier-General Ward,

ROBERT OLYPHANT,

Assistant Adjutant-General.

The NINTH paraded in its place in line, and paid the last
tribute to the General who led the Armies of the Union to
victory and a lasting peace. The General was a member of
the Grand Army of the Republic, and at the tomb the ritual
of the order was observed. From the Grand Army Review
we copy the following account

When the catafalque arrived at the tomb, Grant's own Post, George G. Meade, No.
i, of Philadelphia, opened its ranks. The coffin was conveyed to the front, the com
mander at the head of the coffin and the chaplain at the foot, the Post grouped behind
the chaplain with the colors to the front.

Post Commander Alexander Reed then said : — Assembled to pay the last sad
tribute of respect to our late commander and illustrious comrade, U. S. Grant, let us
unite in prayer. The chaplain will invoke the divine blessing.

Post Chaplain C. Irvine Wright — God of battles ! Father of all ! amid this
mournful assemblage we seek Thee with whom there is no death. Open every eye to
behold Him who changed the night of death into morning. In the depths of our
hearts we would hear the celestial words, " I am the Resurrection and the Life ; he that
believeth in Me, though he were dead, yet shall he live." As comrade after comrade
departs and we march on with ranks unbroken, help us to be faithful unto Thee and to
each other. We beseech Thee look in mercy on the widows and children of deceased
comrades, and with Thine own tenderness console and comfort those bereaved by this
event which calls us here. Give them " the oil of joy for mourning, and the garment of
praise for the spirit of heaviness." Heavenly Father ! bless and save our country with
the freedom and peace of righteousness, and through Thy great mercy, a Saviour's
grace, and Thy Holy Spirit's favor, may we all meet at last in joy before Thy throne
in heaven. And to Thy great name shall De praise forever and ever !

All comrades— Amen !

Dirge by the band.

Post Commander Reed — One by one, as the years roll on, we are called together
to fulfill the last rites of respect to our comrades of the war. The present, full of
the cares and pleasures of civil life, fades away, and we look back to the time, when

1885 CEREMONIES AT RIVERSIDE. 627

shoulder to shoulder on many battle-fields, or around the guns of our men-of-war, we
fought for our dear old flag. We may indulge the hope that the spirit with which, on
land and sea, hardship, privation, and danger were encountered by our dead heroes may
never be blotted out from the history or memories of the generations to come — a spirit
uncomplaining, obedient to the behest of duty, whereby to-day, our national honor is
secure and our loved ones rest in peace under the protection of the dear old flag.
May the illustrious life of him whom we lay in the tomb to-day prove a glorious incen
tive to the youth, who, in ages to come, may be called upon to uphold the destinies of
our country. As years roll on, we, too, shall have fought our battles through and be
laid to rest, our souls following the long column to the realms above, as grim death
hour by hour shall mark its victims. Let us so live that when that time shall come
those we leave behind may say above our graves, " Here lies the body of a true-hearted,
brave and earnest defender of the republic."

Senior Vice-Commander Lewis \V. Morse (laying a wreath of evergreen upon the
coffin) — In behalf of the Post 1 give this tribute, a symbol of undying love for comrades
of the war.

Junior Vice-Commander John A. Wilder (laying a rose upon the coffin) — Symbol
of purity, we offer at this sepulchre a rose. May future generations emulate the
unselfish devotion of even the lowliest of our heroes.

Past Post Commander A. J. Sellers (laying a laurel wreath upon the coffin) — Last
token of affection from comrades in arms, we crown these remains with a symbol of
victory. ,

The Rev. J. W. Sayers, Chaplain-in-Chief, Pennsylvania G. A. R. — The march of
another comrade is over, and he lies down after it in the house appointed for all the
living. Thus summoned, this open tomb reminds us of the frailty of human life and
the tenure by which we hold our own. " In such an hour as ye think not the Son of
Man cometh."

It seems well we should leave our comrade to rest where over him will bend the
arching sky, as it did in great love when he pitched his tent, or lay down weary by the
way or on the battle-field for an hour's sleep. As he was then so is he still, in the
hands of the Heavenly Father. God direct his beloved sleep.

As we lay our comrade down here to rest, let us cherish his virtues and strive to
emulate his example. Reminded forcibly by the vacant place so lately filled by our
deceased brother that our ranks are thinning, let each one be so loyal to every virtue,
so true to every friendship, so faithful in our remaining marches, that we shall be ready
to fall out to take our places at the great review, not with doubt, but in faith ; the
merciful Captain of our salvation will call us to that fraternity which on earth and in
heaven may remain unbroken. [A pause for a moment.] Jesus saith, "Thy brother
shall rise again." " I am the Resurrection and the Life." [The body is deposited in
the tomb.] Behold the silver cord having been loosed, the golden bowl broken, we
commit the body to the grave, where dust shall return to the earth as it was, and the
spirit to God who gave it. Earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust to dust, looking for
the resurrection and the life to come through our Lord Jesus Christ.

Prayer — The Rev. H. Clay Trumbull, Chaplain, Weide Post, and Chaplain-in-Chief
of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, Pennsylvania Com-
mandery.

Bugle call by Samuel Krauss — " Rest!"

Rev. Dr. Newman and other clergymen made appropriate remarks. The Seventh
and Twenty-second regiments, N. G. S. N. Y., fired three volleys in the air, the reg-

628 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1885

ular artillery fired three salvoes and then a Presidential salute, the coffin was placed
in the tomb, the doors were locked, the key handed to Gen. Hancock in a black velvet
case, by him to Mayor Grace, by him to Park Commissioner Crimmins, and the assem
blage began to disperse lingering!)-. At night a steel envelope was riveted over the
casket, and for thirty days regular troops, camped on the ground, all of them veterans
who served under Grant, will keep watch and ward.

On the 6th of October the annual inspection was held,
and as the old armory building had been condemned as
unsafe, the ceremony took place at the armory of the Twenty-
second regiment, that organization having kindly placed their
quarters at the disposal of the NINTH.

On the 29th, General George B. McClellan died at his
home in New Jersey, and was buried in Riverview Cemetery
at Trenton. In 1864 the General resigned his commission in
the army, and in 1865 visited Europe, remaining there till
1868. For several years after his return he was engaged in
engineering work. In 1870 he was appointed chief engineer
of the Department of Docks of New York city, a position he
retained for two years. He was Governor of New Jersey
from 1878 to 1881.

On November 25th the athletes of the regiment gave
another exhibition of games at the armory. This closed the
interesting events of the year.

1886.

On the Qth of January General Winfield Scott Hancock,
the old commander of the Second corps, died. He was then
stationed at Governor's Island, in command of the Military
Division of the Atlantic. On the i3th the remains were
escorted to Morristown, Pa., where interment took place.
The military escort, during the passage of the body through
New York, was composed entirely of detachments of the regu
lar army, but thousands of old soldiers, in G. A. R. uniforms,
as well as in plain citizen's clothes, followed the procession, as
a tribute of respect to the memory of the superb soldier.

On the 28th of April Company K, Captain James A. Mul
ligan, gave a reception to their friends, which proved to be a

1886 EXPERIENCE OF THE AWKWARD SQUAD. 629

very enjoyable affair. In common with all other militia
organizations, the NINTH was at times afflicted with an "awk
ward squad." The experience of one of that number has
been so well portrayed in the following lines, that they are
reprinted here :

PAT'S MILITARY RECORD.
BY HARRY DUVAL.

Be gorra, I've jined the " Melishy,"

I'm drissed in the uniform fine,
To see me is all that I'd wish ye

When takin' me place in the line.
Shure, divil a bit \vud yez know me,

Wid belts on me waist an' me chist,
And shpurning the ground that's below me

Whin shtepping out bowld wid the rest.

II.

And shure did ye know that a sojer's

Posishun wud near break your back ?
Don't think that it's lies that I tell yez.

Me arms and me legs used to crack.
The eyes strike the ground at " an angle,"

The body " rests well on the hips,"
The elbows like pokers must dangle

And divil a word from your lips.

III.

Your toes are turned out 'till I'm fearing

Some day I'll come down on me nose;
" Knees straight, but not shtiffly appearing,"

The same wid your legs, I suppose.
The " right face " and " lift face " is fearful,

I'm shure to turn wrong as I shtand,
I'm bothered to dith, tho' I'm careful

To fix twixt me right and lift hand,

IV.

The " drissing" don't give me much bother,

But wheelin's the divil's own task,
" Luk one way and touch to the other,"

But which way to luk I can't ask ;

630 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1886

I'm towled to push out in the cintre,

Another one yells I'm too slow,
Each file closer proves a tormentor,

And backwards and forwards I go.

I thought that me troubles were over

When first I tuk up wid the gun,
Now, Paddy, says I "you're in clover,"

The rist of the drill's only fun ;
It's aisy enough to howld rifles,

I'll go through the motions wid aize
The Manual's nothing but " trifles,"

I don't think so now, if you plaze.

VI.

The "right shoulder shift," and the " carry,"

Are plisant and simple, but oh !
The " order arms," by the owld Harry,

Knocks smithereens out of me toe.
I shtood like a plaster cast image,

As towld, while I struck " parade rist,"
Tho' flies on me nose had a scrimmage,

And put all me nerves to the test.

VII.

*' Fix bay 'nets " a parson would puzzle,

The blade sticking fast in its sheath ;
And, clapping it quick on the muzzle,

I near drove a hole in me teeth.
The clasp wouldn't work, and the others

Were " fixed " long before I was through
It isn't the laste of your bothers,

To know they're all waitin' for you.

VIII.

*' Unfixing" is worse than the other,

The blade to the gun sticking fast,
A piece of me thumb, " Howly Mother,"

Comes too, whin I work it at last.
The " loadins and firms" I'm liking,

I've got the " obliquing" down dead,
Perhaps you don't know that " obliquing "

Is " Frenchy " for turning the head.

AC'TIVKS KXTKKTAIX TIIK VETERANS. 63 1

IX.

At " Crademoor " I laid in the daisies,

And aimed at a bit of a blank.
I'd be a proud man, if the praises

Were given for hitting the " bank."
But, shutting me eyes whin I fired,

And giving the trigger a pull,
I banged the oxvld gun until tired.

And divil a " cintre " or " bull."

And now I am tired \vitl talkin'.

Me throat is as dhry as a bone.
Me legs is that shtiffened \vid walkin'.

We'll lave all the balance alone.
Belave me, there's plinty of throuble

Along wid the fun that you're at,
And three of four drills on the " double*

Saves fear that you'll ever get fat.

On May 5th Captain Witthaus was around again with the
marksman's badges, and it was remarked that unless the stand
ard was raised, there would soon be few members of the
regiment but what would sport the " bull's eye " decoration.

On previous occasions when the anniversary of the
departure for the war was celebrated, the Veteran organiza
tions took the initiative, but this year the active regiment
resolved to take the lead and invite the "vets" to be their
guests. The following letter explains itself :

HKADQUARTERS, NINTH REGIMENT. N. G. S. N. Y.,

New York, April $t/i, 1886.
WM. SCOTT, Esq.,

Commanding NINTH Regiment Veterans, New York.
MY DEAR SIR:

At the regular meeting of the Board of Officers, NINTH regiment, held on the ist
inst., a resolution was unanimously passed to celebrate the twenty-fifth anniversary of
the departure of the regiment to the seat of war, by an early evening parade,
and a collation at the armory at the conclusion. Included in the resolution was a
most hearty and cordial invitation extended to the members of the Veteran Associ
ation and all Veterans of the War, to parade with us and return and partake of
•the collation.

In extending this invitation let me say, that while we do not claim that the lunch
will bear any comparison to the dinner which the Veterans have provided year after

632 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1886

year, we can assure you of a welcome, heartfelt and sincere. In the hope of a favor
able response at as early a date as possible, with kindest regards, I am, sir,

Very sincerely,

WM. SEWARD, JR.,

Colonel NINTH Regiment.

Of course Commander Scott accepted the generous invita
tion, and on the 2/th of May the twenty-fifth anniversary
was duly celebrated. The following report is from the Sun
day Mercury :

This command celebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary of its departure for the war
on Thursday evening with a parade and collation. The regiment assembled at the
armory in State service uniform at six o'clock, and as soon as line was formed proceeded
to the street for the parade. The threatening weather did not deter the men, but for
tunately it did not rain. The regiment drew up in line along Twenty-sixth Street. Col
onel Charles R. Braine, who had been elected the commandant on April gth, with 184
of the Veterans, marched past it. The actives then followed. At Fifth Avenue and
Twenty-fifth Street the Veterans of the Seventh regiment gave the commands a salute,
cheers and a brilliant display of fireworks. The line of march was continued down
Fifth Avenue. At the Manhattan Club, at the corner of Fifteenth Street, the com
mands were reviewed by Mayor Grace and other city officials. The commands then
marched to Waverly Place, to Broadway, to Union Square and around the Washing
ton Monument to Fourth Avenue. Here an ovation was given by the Veterans of the
Twenty-second regiment. Fireworks, red lights and sky-rockets made the air lurid.
The Twenty-second veterans then fell in behind and marched to Twenty-sixth Street
and Madison Avenue, where they left and joined the Seventh's veterans. The
NINTH and the " Vets " continued up Madison Avenue to Thirty-sixth Street, then
through to Fifth Avenue, to Twenty-sixth Street. Arriving here the greatest ovation of
the evening was given. The Seventh and Twenty-second veterans had joined together
and fireworks and cheers innumerable were given. The regiment then marched to
the armory, where a collation by Ughetta, a corporal in Company H, was spread. The
armory was handsomely decorated with flags and bunting, and each company room was
also profusely festooned and hung with flags, pictures and bunting. After supper
speeches were made by Colonel Seward, Colonel Charles R. Braine, Generals Allan,
Rutherford and John Hendrickson. Captain George A. Hussey presented Company
C with the Veterans' prize and speeches were made by other?. Among those present
were General Charles F. Robbins, Colonel W. E. Van Wyck, Colonel S. Oscar Ryder,
and many members of the Seventh and Twenty-second Veterans corps. The active
regiment paraded with ten commands of sixteen files, or 407 men. The demonstration
was the most enthusiastic one we have seen in the regiment for sixteen years and it
augurs well for the future. The Veterans' prize for recruiting was very closely con
tested by Companies C and G. Company C enlisted twenty-two men during 1885
and Company G eighteen.

On June ist the following report of the proceedings was
made to the Veteran Association :

1886 TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION. 633

Your committee on celebration of the 25th anniversary, have the honor to report :
They met in conjunction with a similar committee of the NINTH regiment appointed
from the Board of Officers ; and upon organization, the joint committee elected as
chairman Commander Wm. Scott, of the Veterans; as secretary, Capt. Theo. H.
Swift, of the active regiment.

Discussion was then heard as to the manner of carrying out the celebration, and
after having been freely discussed, various sub-committees were appointed, the meet
ing then adjourning ; subsequently the committee met a number of times, to hear the
reports of sub-committees, and to transact such other business as might be brought to
their attention.

On the evening of May 2/th, the committee were early on hand to attend to their
duties, and were much gratified, as every one present must have been, at the large
turnout of the Veterans of the regiment.

The Veterans, 184 men strong, after having been formed into companies in the small
drill room, were marched to the street, under the command of Col. Chas. R. Braine,
the companies commanded by Capt. Hoagland, Lieut. Buermeyer, Lieut. Herts, Capt.
George Tuthill, Sergt. Jas. S. Burtis, Capt. Thos. Griffin, Corp. K. Louis Smith, Col.
John T. Pryer, Capt. Henry S. Brooks, and Lieut. Robt. K. Cooke ; then passing in
review before the active regiment, stationed in line on West Twenty-sixth Street, right
resting on Sixth Avenue; the march was continued to Filth Avenue, the active regi
ment having fallen in on the left of the Veterans, thence down Fifth Avenue, to Waverly
Place, to Broadway, to Union Square, where the Veterans of the Twenty-second
regiment handsomely received them with hearty cheers, accompanied with a display
of fireworks ; here a slight shower of rain fell, but not sufficient to hinder the march
being continued, which led around and up Fourth Avenue to Twenty-third Street, to
Madison Avenue, to Thirty-sixth Street, to Fifth Avenue, thence down Fifth Avenue
to the General Worth Monument. At that point the Veterans of both the Seventh and
Twenty-second regiments were drawn up in line, who loudly cheered the column as it
marched by, but their friendly welcome to the NINTH was almost drowned in the bang
and fiz of the fireworks they had ordered set off in honor of the occasion.

Continuing the march to Twenty-third Street, the column followed it to Seventh
Avenue, to Twenty-sixth Street, the Veterans there forming into line and lustily
cheering the NINTH Regiment as it marched by; considering the fact of the threatening
weather, the number of people out to see the Veterans, was a sure indication of their
many friends, they evincing their sympathy for them in hearty outbursts of applause at
many places along the line of parade, which was illuminated throughout with various
colored lights.

Upon arrival back at the armory, the regiment and its Veterans proceeded to the
large drill hall, where all sat down to a collation given by the officers of the NINTH in
honor of that memorable day in its history, May 27th, 1861. 204 invitations were
extended to the war members of the regiment, of which 120 men paraded, 22 of
them having been commissioned officers. In the Veteran corps, composed of 113
members, 90 men paraded, of which every ex-commander living was present. Those
that were disabled from wounds or age were furnished conveyances.

After partaking of the lunch, the NINTH'S band performed some excellent music,
one of it, upon a cornet, acquitting himself most handsomely.

Speeches were then attentively listened to from Generals Allan Rutherford, John
Hendrickson, and Thomas B. Bunting, Colonels Braine, Seward and Ryder, Captains
Tuthill, Walter Scott, Griffin, and others. Also remarks were heard from several repre-

634 T11E NINTH NEW YORK. 1886

sentatives of Sister Veteran Corps, notably the 7th and 22cl, whereupon all adjourned,

well pleased with the way the day, we celebrate, was honored.

CHAS. R. BRAINE,
GEO. A. HUSSEY,

T. D. COTTMAN.

WILLIAM SCOTT,
Committee.

THE TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEPARTURE
OF THE NINTH FOR THE WAR.

Ex-Officers.

Benjamin F. Bowne, Charles R. Braine,

Henry S. Brooks, Henry E. Buermeyer,

Thomas B. Bunting, Robert F. Cooke,

John B. Dolan, Matthew S. Gregory,

John Hendrickson, Isaac E. Hoagland,

Jacob Jacobs, Ralph A. Lanning,

J. Frederick Munson, Charles J. Nordquist, M. D.,

Howard Pinkney, M. D., Allan Rutherford,

Edward Shanly, Fitzhugh Smith,

James H. Stevens, George Tuthill,

John I. Van Alst, Jr., Henry V. Williamson.

Company A.

Edward O. Baker, Peter W. Johnson,

Wiiliam M. Winnie.

Company B.

William H. Bender, Thomas Keogh,

Henry Leisinger, Jacob Mangold, Jr.

Company C.

George W. Beckwith, Emanuel Dreyfous,

William A. Elmer, F. Oliver Flood,

Abram G. Iffla, John J. Joyce,

Samuel Joyce, Gilbert S. King,

Henry D. Lynch, Joseph Meyer.

1886

TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY 1'ARADE.

635

William H. Miller,
John T. Pryer,
Frank W. Tryon,

Clarence A. Burtis,
James Martin,
Horace Schermerhorn,
Sidney J. Vredenburg,

Charles H. Bladen,
Charles McDade,
Archibald Stewart,

Edward C. Alphonse,
Eugene Bissell,
Stephen M. Crandell,
Orlow W. Graves,
John W. Haggerty,
Thomas L. Hanna,
William L. Heermance,
William B. Osborn,
Charles F. Russell,
Charles F. Spaulding,
James B. Taylor,

George I. Buxton,
James H. Hoyt,
Charles A. McLaughlin,
George E. Shafford,

J. William Aclee,
Thomas Cassady,
George A. Conley,
James Dennin,

John C. Moses,
Edward L. Smith,
Henry C. Woodruff.

Company D.

Eugene Durnin,
Jacob Ritschy,
John W. Springer,
Theodore M. Wall,
Frederick H. Wight.

Company E.

Alphonse Le Roy,
Edward G. Royce,
Joseph J. Trittenback.

Company F.

Samuel Berry,
James S. Burtis,
Samuel C. Frazee,
Thomas B. Green,
James R. Halliday,
Thomas G. Haviland,
Hiram L. Hunt,
George W. Pancoast,
William Scott,
Jacob W. Steves,
John H. Van Wyck.

Company G.

James H. Hegeman,
James M. La Coste,
John A. Norman,
Joseph F. Swords.

Company H.

John L. Baker,
Warren Chapman,
Thomas Deacon,
Joseph T. Hallock,

636 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1886

DeWitt C. Hammond, Charles H. Kearney,

Frank C. Martin, William H. Roberts,

Charles Skeat, George E. Smith.

Company I.

George W. J. Coles, George A. Hussey,

John Moore, George Schubertt,

Walter Scott, Ralph Shorrock.

Company K. (Battery.)

Alfred T. Crane, Robert H. Fowle,

Albert T. Freeman, Frank J. Jones.

Company L.

Thomas Burns, William A. Graham,

John K. Imlay, Thomas N. Marcotte,

Augustus W. Meade, James Thompson.

RECAPITULATION.

Ex-Officers ....... 22

Company A ....... 3

B 4

C 16

D 9

E 6

I2O

On Monday, the 3ist, the Memorial Day parade occurred.
Year by year this Holy day had acquired new interest. On
this occasion the military display was most imposing. On the
24th the following regimental order was issued :

1886 CELEBRATION OF THE DATE OF MUSTER IN. 637

HEADQUARTERS NINTH REGIMENT,
FIRST BRIGADE, FIRST DIVISION, N. G. S. N. Y.

New York, A fay 24^, 1886.

ORDERS. )

No. 21 (

I. Pursuant to orders from Division and Brigade Headquarters, this regiment will
parade Monday, May 3ist, in state service coat, white trousers, helmets, and white
gloves, to participate in Decoration Day ceremonies, as part of the escort to the
Grand Army of the Republic.

Officers will report in full dress uniform, white helmets.

Roll call at 6.45 o'clock A. M.

Field and staff mounted, will report to the Colonel, and non-commissioned staff,
band and field music to the Adjutant at same hour.

For the first time in the history of the organization it will parade on the right of
the line and each member therefore should ma- e especial efforts to be present.
******

By order of

COLONEL WILLIAM SEWARD, JR.
YELLOTT D. DECHERT,

First Lieutenant and Adjutant.

The two brigades of the First division were in line on the
right of the column, the first brigade leading, composed of the
NINTH, Twelfth, Eleventh and Twenty-second regiments, and
the First and Second Batteries, under command of Colonel
Seward of the NINTH. Posts of the Grand Army of the
Republic formed the body of the procession, and they were
followed by various semi-military and civic organizations.

The Chaplain preached to the regiment on June 7th, some
two hundred members, including veterans, being present. The
next day, the 8th, the Veteran Organization celebrated the
twenty-fifth anniversary of the muster in of the regiment into
the United States service The Herald, of the gth, gave this
report of the proceedings :

The Veterans of the NINTH regiment had an inning last night. They transferred
the Hotel Madison into a revelrous military camp of war times.

And why shouldn't they?

On one side of the dining-room hung a portrait of Colonel Joseph A. Moesch. He
was killed while at the head of the regiment in the battle of the Wilderness, May 6th,
1864. Opposite was a souvenir in the form of a banner bearing a list of battles in
which the regiment was engaged, and which was borne up Broadway by the surviving
members at the close of hostilities.

What was the occasion ?

638 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1886

The twenty-fifth reunion of the muster in of the NINTH at Washington on the
3th of June, 1861.

The reunion was a banquet. And any brave soldier who was present as a sur
vivor of the '' hail of bullets," who tried to master it, probably suffered his first defeat.

Among those present were : Brigadier-General Charles P. Stone, the first Briga
dier-General of the regiment; Brigadier-General T. B. Gates, Thirteenth Veterans ;
General John H. Wilcox, formerly commandant of the NINTH ; Colonel S. Oscar
Ryder ; Colonel Robert G. Rutherford, United States Army (retired), formerly captain
Company G of the NINTH; Senator Thomas C. Ecclesine ; Lieutenant Ira W.
Steward, of the Twenty-eighth battery, of New York, formerly of the NINTH ; Colonel
James H. Stephens, formerly captain of the City Guard ; Lieutenant Frank J. Jones,
of the Independent battery, Company K, of the NINTH; Major W. P. Mitchell, of
the Japan Army; Judge F.G. Gedney and ex-Alderman William H. Gedney.

The speeches were all witty, notwithstanding that the wine was in. Commander
William Scott had the honor of firing the first oratorical gun in response to the toast,
"The Day We Celebrate," and although his voice was rifled bore and of heavy calibre,
the jubilation was so great that his sentiments were almost drowned in the din of Epi
curean battle. Ex-Senator Thomas C. Ecclesine responded eloquently to " The
Empire State," during which he paid his respects to President Cleveland and his bride
in a manner that brought down soldierly approval with calithumpian emphasis. It
was midnight when Civil Justice Gedney arose to pay his tribute to the " Army and
Navy." The remaining toasts and speakers are as follows : NINTH Regiment, N. G.
S. N. Y., Lieutenant Colonel Rand ; " The War Record of the NINTH regiment, N. Y.
S. M., General Charles P. Stone ; " Our Honored Dead," Captain Theodore H. Swift ;
" The Veteran Organizations," Major Kemp, of the Seventh, and Colonel Homer, of
the Seventy-first; "A Friend in Need — the Surgeon," Howard Pihkney, M. D., and
" Woman," Captain Eugene Durnin.

The surgeon, or the physician, is probably responding this morning as a friend
indeed.

In the reorganization of the National Guard, under
General Orders, No. 21, Adjutant General's office, issued
August 5th, division organizations were abolished and the
Guard consolidated into four brigades. The NINTH was
assigned to the First brigade, and on the 25th of August
Brigadier-General Louis Fitzgerald was elected the Com
mander.

During the summer a number of the Veterans decided to
hold a reunion in September, upon the battle-fields of South
Mountain, Antietam and Gettysburg. A circular was issued
outlining the programme that would be followed during the
trip, extending from the evening of the I5th, to the 2ist of
September. At the appointed hour fourteen answered the roll
call, and six more were added to the number by the time that.

1886 REVISITING SHARPSBURG, MD. 639

Sharpsburg was reached. The party were also accompanied by
several invited guests. The Antietam battle-ground was first
visited, and was reached about noon of the i6th, the visitors
looking over a portion of the left of the field. In the evening
the citizens of Sharpsburg called to pay their respects, and the
pilgrims were given the "Freedom of the City" by the
authorities.

From a printed report of the reception of the Veterans,
published in the Herald and Torchlight* Hagerstown, Md.,
we clip the following :

At 7 o'clock in the evening the Burgess and Commissioners, with other citizens of
the town and a number of ladies, met the veterans in the parlor of the Shay House,
and Mr. Charles G. Biggs, the Burgess, addressed them substantially as follows :

" Gentlemen of the NINTH New York Veterans :

" As Burgess of the town of Sharpsburg, it affords me sincere gratification to wel
come you, on behalf of our people, who recall with sentiments of great pleasure their
former acquaintance with your splendid regiment. As you are doubtless aware, the
NINTH New York was the first military organization of either army that visited our
town. Although lying immediately upon the border-line between the North and
South, we had never seen the uniforms of our misguided brethren in gray. The soil
of Maryland had not yet been pressed by the presumptuous foot of armed rebellion,
and the sorrowful acquaintance we subsequently made with war and its attendant
desolation and suffering was yet to be experienced. Our knowledge of the internecine
contest progressing in our beloved country was confined to rumors and newspaper
reports. Some of us had not even beheld the blue uniform worn by the patriot soldier
of the North.

" I can recall, as a boy, your first appearance in our midst and the reception given
you by our citizen-;. It was purely spontaneous, but it had a significance that, perhaps,
none of us realized at the time. It surely was not extorted by any personal knowledge
of your command, or any of its members ; for we had never heard of you individ
ually, or as an organization ; it was not that we were carried away by military enthu
siasm, caused by the spectacle of glistening guns, gleaming bayonets and brilliant
uniforms. The reason for it was not superficial. We beheld in you the living embodi
ment of the great principle of loyalty to and love for country — so intense that your
lives were voluntarily put in the balance to preserve our glorious Union in all its
beautiful entirety. All this we felt instinctively, without perhaps realizing it, as few,
or none of us, attempted to analyze our emotions. The principle of loyalty was firm
and strong with us and it found expression in the demonstrations you witnessed. I
remember how you inarched from the town under a cloud of red, white and blue
bunting, presented by our citizens. This was your first visit.

"The second was far different. Your approach was heralded by the roar of
cannons, the rattle of musketry, the shouts of embattled hosts, and the groans and
shrieks of strong men in the death agony. It may be that some of our loyal houses
yet bear marks of your leaden messengers, not, however, directed against us, but
against those who. at that time, were, unhappily, our mutual enemies. What it cost

THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1806

you to reach Sharpsburg on that occasion, your decimated regimental rolls on and
after the i8th of September, 1862, can testify. We have a mournful record of your
gallantry on the eventful I7th. In yonder beautiful Antietam National Cemetery lie a
number of your comrades, guarded with eternal vigilance by the granite soldier
brought from the quarries of Connecticut to keep watch throughout the ages over the
dead Northern soldier. Your dead, however, would be remembered even without this
granite monument. In the grateful hearts of a reunited country has been erected to
their memory a monument like Horace's book — ' more lasting than brass and loftier
than the regal pyramids.'

" To-day, gentlemen, a small number of the gallant NINTH New York is again in
our midst, with no hostile arms in their hands, but on their faces beams the smile of
gentle peace, that, thank God, rests like a benediction over our free and reunited land.
Under such circumstances, it is indeed a pleasure to welcome you to our town, which
I now do."

It will be remembered that on the 6th of July, 1861, the
NINTH was very cordially received by the people of Sharps-
burg. Bearing this in mind, the Veteran Association had
prepared a suitable acknowledgement, in the form of a pre
amble and resolutions, handsomely engrossed and framed, and
which had been brought along for presentation to the citizens
of Sharpsburg. They read as follows :

At a regular meeting of the Veterans, NINTH New York Regiment, N. G. S. N.
Y., held on Monday, August 9th, 1886, the following preamble and resolutions were
Unanimously Adopted :

WHEREAS, The NINTH regiment, N. Y. S. Militia, in the performance of duty in
the service of the United States, arrived on July 6th, 1861, in Sharpsburg, and were
most Loyally and hospitably entertained by the inhabitants ;

Resolved, That the Veterans of the NINTH tender an expression of their esteem
and appreciation for the very patriotic and handsome reception which the regiment
were the recipients of on that occasion, as also for the many kind deeds shown its
members while encamped in that vicinity from September I9th to October 26th, 1862.

Resolved, That a copy of these Resolutions be presented to the Town of Sharps
burg as a

TOKEN OF REMEMBRANCE
of the noble acts of its Citizens in the years 1861 and 1862.

Resolved, That the Veterans endorse the foregoing with their signatures and be
present at the presentation on Friday, September i/th, 1886.

Forty-five signatures were attached. Commander William
Scott, in a neat and appropriate speech, presented the reso
lutions, and was followed by Captain George A. Hussey,
who only regretted that he was "not numbered amongst those
who marched into it (Sharpsburg) on July 6th, 1861."

1 886 CROSSING THE SOUTH MOUNTAIN. 641

A most delightful social meeting was held during the even
ing. Among the townspeople were several ex-Confederates,
who vied with their neighbors in rendering the visitors stay
pleasant and agreeable. The next morning, the anniversary
-of the battle, teams were provided, and riding out upon the
Hagerstown Pike the Dunker Church was visited. Leaving
the wagons here, the party walked through the fields over
which the fierce storm of battle raged on that day in 1862.
Several relics were found, a cartridge-box-tin, and a number of

bullets. Of the company, Messrs. Acker, Bowne, Buxton,
Cooke, Derr, Hallock, Pinkney, Pryer, Ritschy, Scott and Van
Wyck were present at the battle.

Keedysville was next visited and at noon the tourists arrived
at Boonsboro, where a good square meal was enjoyed and the
party rested till three o'clock. Resuming the journey, South
Mountain was soon reached and points of interest on the bat
tle-ground visited. New cider was sampled at various places
on the road, the farmers generously refusing to take anything
but thanks in payment.

Frederick should have been reached, according to pro
gramme, at four in the afternoon, and the members of the
Grand Army of the Republic there had arranged a reception,
but the "delays on the march," caused, in a measure, by the
sampling, as above stated, made it nine o'clock before the
pretty little city — familiar to the members of the NINTH — was
entered. The City Hotel received the dust-covered warriors,
who were soon surrounded by friends. General John T.
Lockman, formerly captain of Company H of the NINTH,
replied to the address of welcome by Doctor Schley. After
a pleasant hour or two, the party sought their beds to seek
much needed repose.

At nine o'clock on Saturday morning, the party left on the
cars for Gettysburg, reaching there at about two o'clock in the
afternoon. After dining at the Globe Hotel, wagons took the
party to Seminary Ridge, where the battle-ground of the first
day's fight was examined. The position of the NINTH was
determined and marked, and upon which the regimental monu-

642

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

1886

ment is now erected. Cemetery Ridge was next visited, and
the position of the regiment on the second and third day's
battle, located. The National Cemetery was inspected and
then Gulp's Hill visited ; the remains of the Union rifle pits
and breastworks on the east slope being clearly defined. It
was now dark and the tired party returned to town, where the
evening was spent in recounting their experience on the bloody
field of twenty-three years before.

On Sunday, the Peach Orchard, Wheat Field, Devil's Den
and the Round Tops were visited, each point recalling its
multitude of memories. The party returned to town in the
afternoon and in the evenincr a few attended church. On

Monday morning at about nine o'clock, the party left on the
cars, and reached New York about seven in the evening. It
was a most delightful trip, and heartily enjoyed by all.

On the 5th of October the regiment was inspected and
reviewed. The report showed a great falling off in member
ship from previous years, but the material in line was that of
which good soldiers are made. The report is appended :

Present.

Field and Staff 7

Non.-Com. Staff —

Co. A 2

Co. B i

Co. C 2

Co. D 2

Co. E i

Co.F 3

Co. G 3

Co. H 3

Co. 1 2

Co. K 3

Total 29

—

1 1

384

413

151

The next day Governor David B. Hill reviewed the First
brigade. The line formed at Fifth Avenue and Thirty-fourth
Street, marching down to Twenty-third Street, to Washington

1886 DEDICATION OF THE STATUE OF LIBERTY. 643

Square, where the reviewing stand was erected. The NINTH
paraded eight commands of twelve files.

On the 28th Bartholdi's statue, ''Liberty Enlightening the
World " was unveiled. The following order was issued to the
Veterans of the NINTH :

HEADQUARTERS VETERANS OF THE NINTH REGIMENT, N. G. S. N. Y.

Armory, West 26th Street.

The members of this Corps will assemble at the Armory on Thursday, October
28th, 1886, at 8.30 A. M., to take part in the Inauguration of the Statue of Liberty.

The uniformed members will appear in full dress, with white gloves. The un-
unifonned members in dark clothes, with white gloves and canes.
The Veterans of the War are cordially invited to participate.

General Chas. P. Stone, Grand Marshal, and the first Brigade Commander of the
regiment in the war, has expressed the hope that the " Old NINTH" will make as
creditable appearance as while under his command in 1861.

CHAS. R. BRAINE,

Colonel Commanding .
C. V. G. FORBES.

Adjutant.

A heavy rain storm, whicn prevailed nearly all day, inter
fered seriously with the exercises, but the programme was
practically followed and the great statue appropriately in
augurated.

For two or three years efforts have been made by the officers
of the NINTH to secure better accommodations for the regiment.

The Armory was in a dilapidated condition, and its location
—over a large stable — made it unpleasant, especially during
warm weather. One reason of the falling off in numbers was
owing to this condition of affairs, for when those who might
have joined the NINTH saw other regiments, whose accommoda
tions were much better than those of the NINTH, being granted
new and commodious Armories, they joined the more fortu
nate organizations. The Tribune, of November 7th, thus

refers to the matter :

•

There is much comment in National Guard circles in regard to the treatment
which the NINTH regiment has received at the hands of the Armory Board. Although
one of the first regiments to apply for a new armory, and needing one more than any
other regiment except the Eighth, other regiments much better housed have had armory
sites purchased for them and plans for new buildings prepared, and one of them has

644 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1886

had a new armory built, while this fine old war regiment — the only National Guard
regiment from this city which served for three years — is left in its dilapidated and con
demned armory in West Twenty-sixth street. Although numerous sites have been
proposed by the Colonel, none of them has been chosen. Meantime the Twelfth,
whose old armory is greatly superior to that of the NINTH, is about to take possession
of a splendid and complete new armory, and the Twenty-second and the Eighth are
looking forward to the time when theirs shall be completed. The members of the
present Armory Board should take immediate steps to provide for the NINTH at least
as well as other regiments are provided for. No National Guard regiment in this
city or Brooklyn, except the gallant Fourteenth, is entitled to place on their banners
the names of the battles which adorn the tattered colors of the NINTH.

1 886

RECEIPTS AND THE EXPENSES.

645

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646 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1887

CHAPTER XXXI,

RECOVERY OF THE REMAINS OF COLONEL MOESCH.

Steps taken to Erect a Monument at Gettysburg. — Death of the Veteran General
Charles P. Stone. — Miss Helen Dauvray Aids the Monument Fund. — Celebrating
the Twenty-sixth Anniversary of the Departure for the War. — Memorial Day. —
Colonel Cochrane's Ode. — Death of ex-Colonel Wilcox. — The Armory Question.
—The NINTH in Camp at Peekskill. — Comments of the Press. — Death of ex-
Colonel John W. Davis. — Corporal Scott (War Veteran) Caned.— Ex-Commander
Scott of theVeteran Corps presents the Association with Silk Guidons. — A Badge
belonging to Sergeant Barker, of Company B, " Missing " since Spottsylvania,
Accounted for. — Recovery of the Remains of Colonel Moesch and Re-interment
in the National Cemetery at Fredericksburg. — Rirle Practice at Creedmoor. —
Presentation of " Faithful Service" Badges. — Special Inspection.

the iQth of January the committee having in charge
the erection of a monument to the NINTH, on the battle
field of Gettysburg issued a circular, from which the following
extract is taken :

NEW YORK, January \<)th, 1887.

DEAR SIR: Your favorable consideration is respectfully and urgently asked in
aid of the erection of a Monument to commemorate the services of tlie only Regiment
in existence to-day in this city that enlisted and served in behalf of the State of New
York for the term of the war, during the late Rebellion. It has also been called upon
and served since then in the Riots that have taken place. * * *

That a Monument worthy of this great Metropolis and commensurate with the
services and sacrifices of the NINTH may be erected, a fervent appeal is made to all
citizens, friends, ex-members, and members of the regiment for contributions.

The battle-field of Gettysburg has been selected as the most suitable place be
cause of its national and historic importance. The ground upon which the battle was
fought is owned by an Association, chartered under the laws of the State of Pennsyl
vania, and has been duly surveyed and marked by the United States Engineers.
Regiments to the number of nearly 1 50, from several States, have already erected
monuments on the respective positions where each fought, and the battle-field is
visited by thousands from all parts of the world, so attractive and famous has it
become.

1887 STKl'S TAKEN TO ERECT A MONUiMENT. 647

The Empire State is represented by only two monuments, this City by none. This
is not creditable to either State or city, but is no doubt due to not having been brought
to the notice of the people. * * *

JOHN HENDRICKSON, Chairman. WILLIAM SCOTT, Vice Chairman.

WILLIAM L. HEF.RMANCK, Treasurer. W. WOLCOTT MARKS, Secretary.

THOMAS W. THORNE, THOMAS B. RAND,

JOHN H. VAN WVCK, DANA B. PRATT,

ROBERT F. COOKE, MONTEFIORE ISAACS,

GEORGE T. LORIGAN, JAMES SLATER,

SOL. E. JAPHA, JOHN L. BAKER,
SAMUEL BERRY.

A number of generous subscriptions were soon received, and
•with the amount which the State appropriated — fifteen hundred
dollars to each New York organization that fought upon that
field — the members of the NINTH were able to rear a monu
ment worthy of its history, and of the State it represented,
in that greatest battle of the war.

On the 24th of January General Charles P. Stone died,
and on the 2 7th was buried at West Point. He was born at
Springfield, Mass., in 1826, and was graduated at West Point
in 1845. He served in the Mexican war, and, in common
with nearly every other officer, was brevetted for gallantry.
He was in California from 1851 to 1856. Resigning his com
mission he was, for a time, in the employ of the Mexican
government. On January i, 1861, he reentered the service
and was assigned the duty of mustering and drilling the Dis
trict of Columbia volunteers. His connection with the army,
until Ball's Bluff, has already been recorded in these pages.
Unjustly accused, and without a fair trial, he was confined for
a time in Fort La Fayette. He was released in August, 1862,
and served in the Department of the Gulf till September,
1864, when he resigned. In 1870, he entered the service of
the Khedive of Egypt, where, as Stone Pacha, he made a
brilliant record. Here he remained till 1883, and then
returned to this country. He was appointed engineer for the
construction of the pedestal for the statue of Liberty, in the
building of which he took great interest. His illness was of

c"> *— *

brief duration, his death a surprise to his friends and the

'648 THE NINTH NEW YORK. iSS~

public. At a meeting of the Veteran Association on the gth,
the following resolutions were adopted :

WHEREAS, The Commander-in-Chief of all armies has in his infinite wisdom
deemed it necessary to suddenly call from our midst Gen. Chas. P. Stone, the first
Brigade Commander under which the Regiment served in the late civil war, therefore
be it

Resolved, That in the death of Gen. Chas. P. Stone, the Army of the United States
has lost a true, faithful, conscientious and upright soldier, and this Republic a citizen
of unsullied reputation. Be it further

Resolved, That we tender our sincere and heartfelt sympathies to his relatives in
their sudden and unlocked for bereavement. And be it further

Resolved, That these resolutions be extended in full upon the minutes and a copy
of them be sent to the family of our late commander.

CHAS. R. BRAINE,

Colonel.
C. V. G. FORBES,

Adjutant.

On March 5th a concert was given at the armory of the
NINTH for the benefit of the Monument fund, and on the
3Oth of April, Miss Helen Dauvray tendered the use of her
company at the Lyceum Theatre for the same purpose. The
World of the next day had this notice :

Among the many interesting theatrical farewells of last evening, none were sur
rounded with more enthusiasm than that of Miss Helen Dauvray. The Lo~i>e Chase
for the time became a military march, and there was a suggestion of uniformed dash
throughout the evening. She had determined to honor the NINTH regiment with a
special benefit for the fund which the veterans and members of the regiment are
getting up to .commemorate the participation of the command in the historic conflict
at Gettysburg. The veterans have been particularly active in the raising of the fund,
and the event of last evening gave a very handsome addition to it. Col. \V. R. Hay-
den, the manager for the young American actress, was as enthusiastic as Miss
Dauvray herself. He had been an active fighter on the other side in the war, and he
was in his element in the military look which the house took on for the benefit. There
were the battle-flags of the NINTH on display. Military spectators were there from
every regiment in this State. There was bunting everywhere, and in the lobby several
very soldierly-looking members of the NINTH were ornamental sentries.

After the third act. Colonel Seward, from his box, thanked
Miss Dauvray on behalf of the regiment, to which the gifted
lady made a fitting response. As the stage was being set for
the last act, there was placed upon it a handsome gold-fringed
silk banner, on which a hand-painted wreath inclosed the

1887 ^ BANQUET AT THE METROPOLITAN HOTEL. 649

names of the plays in which Miss Dauvray had appeared dur
ing the year; a mammoth floral horseshoe, with a figure "9"
and " H. D." in the centre ; a companion piece representing
the regimental pin, and a vase of cut flowers. These were
the gifts of the Regiment and of the Veteran Association to
Miss Dauvray and her company. As the curtain opened upon
the scene, the gifts were noticed, and the audience applauded
enthusiastically. The Board of Officers subsequently passed
a vote of thanks to Miss Dauvray and her manager, Colonel
Hayden.

On the evening of the 2;th of May the Veterans celebrated
the twenty-sixth anniversary of the departure for the war, by a
banquet at the Metropolitan Hotel. Colonel Charles R. Braine
presided, and was surrounded by about seventy members of
the Association. Among the invited guests present were Gen
eral Nicholas W. Day, Colonels David S. Brown, Charles F.
Homer, and William I. Martin, Judge Charles A. Flammer,
and William Todcl, Esq., of Albany, a veteran of the Seventy-
ninth Highlanders. Letters of regret were received from
Generals Sherman, Robinson and Carr, Mayor Abram S.
Hewitt and others.

Upon the 3Oth the usual Memorial Day services were
observed. The following lines, by Colonel John H. Cochrane,
a former member of Company L during the war, form a fitting
tribute to the memory of the heroic dead :

MEMORIAL DAY.

RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED TO THE GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC.

What mean these men by marching every thirtieth of May,
With torn and tattered colors and with flowers bright and gay ?
They are our Nation's heroes — -her soldiers and her tars —
Some are maimed and wounded, and some wear noble scars.

When our country was aroused by the sounds of Civil War,
And the echoes of Fort Sumter's guns were heard both near and far,
Twas then the men you see to-day, who march with stately tread,
Went forth with those now numbered 'mongst the army of the dead.

To uphold the Nation's honor, to preserve the Union whole,
With a purpose firm and true as the needle to the pole.

650 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1887

But the conflict's long since over, and why march they to-day ?
To honor those who've fallen and a debt of love to pay ;

It matters little now whether the dead wore blue or gray —
Flowers are strewn on both alike on this Memorial Day.
And thus may it continue while suns shall rise and set,
For we've long since forgiven the gray, but can't so soon forget

Those who stood besides us on many a hard-fought tield,

'Till at last to grim death's messenger they were compelled to yield.

So " with malice toward none, and with charity for all,"

Our mission's one of love to those whom God hath pleased to call;

The hardship we have suffered we can vividly recall —
The march, the camp, the battle — methinks I see them all !
But is there one regrets them as they ponder on them well?
No ! regrets are only cherished for comrades brave who fell —

Regrets for gallant leaders and our fallen " Boys in Blue,"
Who rallied 'round the Standard to the Union firm and true;
Regrets for all who wore the Blue, and pity for the Gray,
Is all that animates our hearts on this Memorial Day.

" Then honor our brave Veterans as they honor their dead ;
" What have they done for us ?" methinks I hear it said :
When duty called they answered " Aye," answered every one,
To protect our great inheritage bequeathed by Washington !

Our great and glorious Union they risked e'en life to save — •
Gave manhood unto chattels and freedom unto slaves.
Is honor then not due them for such noble work well done ?
" Republics are ungrateful," but let not this be one ;

And when the last great " Reveille " is sounded fiom the sky,
And we are called to " muster" by command of the Most High,
May no comrade then be " missing," but all receive their pay
In the Crowns to be distributed on " That Memorial Day !"

Ex-Colonel John H. Wilcox died on the roth of June and
was buried in Woodlawn Cemetery.

The Armory question still continued to agitate the members
of the regiment and the public as well. In the report of an
interview with Colonel Seward, the Tribune, of June 24th, said :

1 have had to work extremely hard to keep my command together in consequence
of the miserable quarters that we are in. Of course, I want a new armory, and it
would be the means of making my regiment as fine a one as there is in the State.
Look how Colonel Scott's regiment has run down in consequence of being in a bad
.locality and wretched building. There is not a regiment in the State which would not
do the same under like circumstances. The present idea of an armory is a building so
strong that a few men could guard it against the attack of a mob. It should be in an
open place, easy of access, and in a good neighborhood. With the present armories.

1887 ENCAMPED AT 1'EEKSKII.I.. 651

except those of the Seventh and Twelfth regiments, it would IK; impossible for a colonel
to get his men into the street in case of a riot.

A regiment nowadays, to be a success, must be a military club. That principle is
clearly demonstrated in the Seventh regiment, which is the only full one in the city.
Its members have an attractive place in which to assemble for drill or social purposes,
and as a natural result young men are anxious to join it. The building up of a regi
ment is done through its individual members, and unless the associations are conge
nial to them they will not ask their friends to join, nor will they re-enlist when their
time is out. All the National Guard wants is fair treatment, and with such treatment,
the State and Nation will have when needed a sure arm of defence.

On the 2nd of July the regiment proceeded to the Camp of
Instruction at Peekskill, Embarking on the steamers Crystal
Stream and General ScdgTjick, at the foot of West Twenty-first
street, at noon the boats started up the Hudson. Roa Hook,
the camp landing-place, was reached at five o'clock, and half-an-
hour later the NINTH relieved the Twelfth regiment, and took
possession of the State camp. Colonel Seward was in com
mand, with a full list of Field and Staff officers : Lieutenant-
Colonel Rand, Major Bartlett, Adjutant Dechert, Inspector of
Rifle Practice Gibson, Surgeon Roof, Assistant-Surgeon Doty,
Quartermaster Pratt, Commissary Yermilye, Captain G.
Henry Witthaus. The company officers were :

Company A — Captain, Lorigan ; First Lieutenant, Cook. Company B — Cap
tain, Cocheu. Company C— Captain, Ely. Company D — Captain. Swift; First Lieu
tenant, Walton. Company E — Captain, Japha ; First Lieutenant, Bartlett. Company
F — Captain, Marks ; First Lieutenant, Warrell, and Second Lieutenant, Ehrman.
Company G — Captain, Chamberlain; First Lieutenant, Rice; Second Lieut. Will-
cocks ; Company H — Captain, Clough ; First Lieutenant, Gale ; Second Lieutenant,
Maconnell. Company I— C iptain, Leonard; First Lieutenant, Kohlberger. Com
pany K — First Lieutenant Billings, commanding ; Second Lieutenant, Croft.

The band consisted of twenty-six pieces out of a total of fifty-one and was led by
Conterno. The fife and drum corps turned out its full number of forty pieces.

The total number present was about five hundred.

The week's stay in camp proved to be a very stormy one,
rain falling nearly every day. The New York Herald, of the
7th, said :

It was one of those days in the State camp yesterday when a man feels like a
clam.

652 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1887

At least that's what a vigilant, onia/n^nta! sentry said he felt like as he paced up
and down his beat over the damp, steaming ground and through the thick and murky
air.

How it did rain in the night, and what an immeasurable amount of profanity was
directed at the places in ths tents where the rain beat in !

The damp air bred millions of gnats, and there was a cloud of them in each tent
hovering around the candles and playing an endless game of tag all over a fellow's
hands and face. Occasionally little streams of water would trickle noiselessly down on
the blankets. The flies flapped like the wings of great birds against the tent' walls.
The mountains roared with the thunder, and sheets of lightning illumined the dark
hemlocks.

It was not a choice night to be on post by any means — a new man is all too apt to
get " rattled " on post, anyway — but it was a singular fact that when Captain dough
made the grand rounds at midnight not the Slightest error was made in challenging or
passing of the rounds.

The men slipped around on the wet grass during the early morning company drills
and had a pretty sorry time of it.

On the 7th, however, the sun came out bright and clear,
and the Herald of the 8th, contained the following:

Shining musket barrels and flashing swords were the prevalent things in the State
camp yesterday.

The NINTH was in its glory.

And a good looking body of men, along with the First Provisional battalion, they
made.

They have got the " stuff " in them. All night long the sentries waded up to the
knees in water and smiled.

" Pollock's Mill Bridge " was the countersign. Nobody got by without it, either.
Even Colonel Seward found himself dangerously near the point of a bayonet when he
went roaming abroad after taps.

The boys had given him a unique entertainment in the evening. A mock dress-
parade was held in front of his-quarters that was very funny, even if it was slightly at
variance with General Porter's orders. The Adjutant's peculiar walk was demonstrated
and Major Bartlett's high voice was so well mimicked that most people thought it was
the Major's own self.

" All work and no play " not only makes Jack a dull boy, but it also makes him a
very dull soldier.

Well, the NINTH are not dull soldiers.

" Besides giving all the time possible to drill, it will be seen
that the men did not lack for amusement ; in fact it would be
difficult to place any body of soldiers in such a position that
they could not extract some pleasure from their surroundings.
On the 8th, the Mercury reached 102°, and yet, during that
time the men were tramping about on the baking parade

1887 DEATH OF EX-COLONEL DAVIS. 653

ground, where the grass was turning brown with the heat, and
not the suggestion of a breeze stirred the oak leaves off on
the hill. * The line was as steady as a wall, though the men
were dripping with perspiration. ' * * After three hours of
it the companies marched back to their streets with every man
in the ranks that marched out. Not a case of sun-srroke,
though it was the hardest drill of the season."' {Herald, of
9th.)

On the 5th of September ex-Colonel John W. Davis, who
went to the front in 1861, as Captain of Company D, died at
Morristown, N. J., after a long illness. The funeral services
were held at St. Mark's Church, on the 8th.

On the Qth the Veteran Association presented to ex-Cor
poral William Scott, of Company F during the war, Ser
geant of Company I, since, and Commander of the Veteran
corps from 1878 to 1886, a gold-mounted cane, which contained
the names of the members of the organization, cut thereon.

On the 26th Colonel Sevvard issued orders directing that
company drills should be resumed on the evening of October
3rd, to continue until April, 1888; Lieutenant-Colonel Rand
and Major Bartlett, alternately, to superintend them. At a
meeting of the Veteran corps, held about this time, it was
reported that $3,436.80, was on hand towards the Gettysburg
Monument. Subsequently ex-Commander Scott presented
the Association with a splendid set of silk guidons, elaborately
worked and mounted, and they were carried for the first time
on the occasion of the dedication of the Gettysburg Monu
ment, in July, 1888.

Among the curious and interesting facts that are continu
ally cropping out respecting events that occurred during the
war is the following :

At the battle of Spottsylvania, Sergeant Charles H. Barker,
of Company B, was killed. Shortly after the engagement a
lady, who lived nearby the battle-ground, took from a body a
silver First corps badge, with Barker's name, regiment and com
pany inscribed upon it ; this found its way North, long after
the war, and upon the 2gth of September, 1887, twenty-three

654 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1887

years after the event, it was placed in the hands of the dead
soldier's mother — then eighty-five years of age — with an
account of its finding1. *

Early in the year Comrade George A. Hussey interested
himself in the recovery of the remains of Colonel Moesch,
buried at the Wilderness, and aided by Chaplain Roe, his efforts
were successful. The Chaplain was the only member of the
regiment who knew the exact spot of burial, and from a diagram
furnished by him, Andrew J. Birdsall, the Superintendent of
the National Cemetery at Fredericksburg, recovered the
remains, and re-interred them in the Cemetery at Fredericks-
burg on the zoth of October.

In a letter to Captain Hussey Major Birdsall describes the
finding of the body and gives a list of the articles found about
the remains.

One pair boots, piece of vest, eight uniform buttons (large
size), three uniform buttons (small size), and one bullet ; and
adds in his letter :

" The boots are in pieces as the stitching was all gone, and
there was nothing to hold them together. The bits of cloth
ing is all I could secure, the rest fell to pieces as soon as
exposed. The bullet was found in the bottom of the coffin
between the shoulders and head."

The bullet was the missile that killed the Colonel, and it
had dropped to the bottom of the coffin as the remains decom
posed.

On the 1 2th of October the regiment visited Creedmoor
for practice in rifle shooting, and on the 24th the officers met
for instruction in their duties. On the 26th the annual inspec
tion took place, and the following is the official return made
by Lieut.-Colonel FYederkk C. McLewee, the inspecting
officer :

iSS/ INSPECTION' RKI'ORT 655

3 H

3 8 o

5 » 2 EL

Field and staff .................. 9 i 10

N. C. Staff ..................... ii o ii

Co. A ......................... 54 4 58

Co. B ......................... 26 24 50

Co. C ......................... 34 19 53

Co. D ......................... 37 10 47

Co. E .......................... 31 1 8 49

Co. F .......................... 54 14 68

Co. G. . ....................... 39 10 50

Co. H ......................... 42 13 55

Co. I .......................... 32 24 56

Co. K ........................ 30 24 54

399 '6l 56°

In commenting upon recent inspections of regiments of the
National Guard, the New York Tribune^ of November 7th,
said :

Among the inconveniences to which the members of the NINTH regiment are sub
jected are the incomplete arrangements for heating their old armory over a stable in
West Twenty-sixth street. The boiler was condemned two years ago and cannot
safely be used to its full capacity. There is a question as to whether it is the duty of
the Armory Board or of the Commissioner of Public Works to attend to this matter,
and it has been referred to the Corporation Counsel for an opinion, which he may find
time to give after election. The regiment bears on its colors the names of battles
fought during its service. It was for a year under General Newton, the present Com
missioner, and the men think that this fact should induce him to give some attention
to their interests and, as a member of the Armory Board, should try to have a new
armory provided for the command. Mayor Hewitt is the member of the Board whose
assent to this, it appears to be most difficult to obtain. He appears to take little inter
est in the National Guard at present. If there should be a riot he might think more
of the troops than he does at present.

On the evening of Tuesday, the 6th of December, the regi
ment assembled, the occasion being the presentation of badges
for faithful service furnished through the liberality of Ser
geant David B. Cohen, of Company G. Colonel Seward pre
sented the trophies, and took occasion to thank the donor for
the interest which he manifested in the organization. The
year before ex-Captain Joseph A. Carberry, of Company D,
offered badges for a like purpose ; thus showing, although not
an active member of the regiment, his unfailing'interest in the
NINTH, whose members had been very loth to part with his
services.

656 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1887

After presentation of the badges, the regiment was exer
cised in Brownell's system of street riot drill, now conceded to
be the best form for that* emergency.

For a number of years the State had been endeavoring to
collect from the General Government the amount spent in
equipping regiments that went to the field early in the war.
In several of the militia regiments, among which was the
NINTH, many of the men furnished their own uniforms. On
the 22nd of the month the following letter was issued :

TREASURY DEPARTMENT, SECOND COMPTROLLER'S OFFICE,

Washington, D. C\, December 22nd, 1887.
General J. G. FARNSWORTH, Albany, N. Y.

DEAR SIR: Your attention is called to the fact that I have this day certified as
due the State of New York the sum of $7,460, under the act of July 27, 1861 — eighth
installment — being the amount paid by the State, under the act of its Legislature
1877, to reimburse the NINTH (9th) regiment, New York State militia, now NINTH
regiment, National Guard, State of New York, for equipments expended in the service
of the United States while mustered into such service as the NINTH New York militia
and Eighty-third New York volunteers.

Very respectfully,

SIGOURNEY BUTLER,

Comptroller.

During the last part of the month the various companies
were specially inspected by an officer of the Adjutant-Gene
ral's office. Those companies whose turn came during the Holi
day week were unfortunate, for quite a number of the members
could not obtain their employer's consent to absent themselves
from business, even for one evening ; the result was that many
were absent from the ceremony, through no fault of their own,
but by reason of "the authorities" orders, issued, as should
have been well known, at the worst season of the year to
expect a full attendance.

1888 AN AMBULANCE CORPS FORMED. 657

CHAPTER XXXII.

THE RICHMOND GRAYS ARRIVE.
1888.

Organization of an Ambulance Corps. — Presentation of War Relics to the Veteran
Association. — Colonel Sevvard Drilling in Battalion Movements. — The Veterans
attend the Funeral of General Jos6 Antonio Pdez. — Rifle Practice at Creedmoor.
— Promotion of Major Bartlett to Judge Advocate on Staff of the Governor. — Pre
sentation to Company A by the Veteran Association. — Street Riot Drill. — Pro
motions Announced.— The Richmond Grays Arrive. — Annual Banquet of the
Veterans. — Memorial Day. — What the Richmond Grays Did while in the City.

T ATE in 1887 the Adjutant-General directed each regiment
to organize an ambulance corps, and on the Qth of January
Colonel Seward issued "Orders No. i," making the necessary
detail. The corps consists of the " medical officers of this
command, the hospital steward, two enlisted men from each
company, and such corporals, not exceeding two, as shall be
selected by the senior medical officer."

The duties of such a corps on the march and in battle are
apparent, and that the members composing it shall be efficient
is indicated by the course of instruction laid down.

" Rudimentary instruction in anatomy and physiology.

" Rudimentary instruction in the diagnosis of the common
accidents and diseased conditions to which national guards
men are exposed, and the common means for the prevention
of the same.

" Instruction as to the common means employed for the
urgent relief of the sick and the injured, including stretcher-
drill and matters pertaining to transportation of the sick and
injured.

"Instruction in individual and camp hygiene."

At a meeting of the Veteran Organization, held on the
evening of the Qth, there was presented to the society — by

658 THE NINTH NEW YCRK.

Captain Walter Scott, on behalf of the donor — the bullet that
killed Colonel Moesch, and some of the buttons from the coat
and vest worn by him at the time of his death, all of which
had been mounted on a silver shield and enclosed in a neat
case.

Company drills were frequent during the winter months,
and in February battalion movements were ordered. Colonel
Seward was, at all times, active in the performance of his
duties, and in his efforts to bring his command up to a high
degree of efficiency.

Six battalion drills were held during the month of March ;
these with the regular company drills kept the men busy, and
improved the morale of the regiment.

On the 24th of the month the Veteran organization formed
part of the escort to the remains of General Jose Antonio
Paez, formerly President of the republic of Venezuela.

In April drilling was vigorously prosecuted. Several new
officers were commissioned and two resigned. The latter
were Surgeon Stephen W. Roof and Captain Theodore H.
Swift. In announcing the resignations, in "Orders No. 20,"
Colonel Seward said :

" The regiment can ill afford to lose the services of these officers and their record
is one of duty faithfully performed. They leave the organization with the best wishes
of the Command for their future prosperity, and this official notice of the severance
of official relations is recorded with sincere regret."

On the 3Oth of the month a regimental order was issued
relatirjg to rifle practice at Creedmoor. The Adjutant-Gene
ral had designated certain days upon which Guardsmen might,
under such supervision as the General Inspector of Rifle
Practice should direct, practice on the range. Transportation
and ammunition were furnished free.

On the 1 2th of May Major Bartlett was appointed Judge
Advocate-General on the Governor's staff. This was a well-
merited tribute to the ability which this young officer had dis
played during his connection with the National Guard.

He entered the military service in Company C, Seventh

i888 THE VETERAN'S TROPHY PRESENTED. 659

regiment, Oct. 4, 1871 ; was promoted Colonel and Aide-de
camp on the staff of Governor Samuel J. Tilden, Jan. ist ;
detailed as acting Adjutant NINTH regiment, by Orders No.
145, A. G. O. Oct. 12, 1875 ; re-commissioned Colonel and
Aide-de-camp Jan. i, 1877; relieved (upon his application)
from acting Adjutant, NINTH regiment, by Orders No. 213, A.
G. O., Oct. 25, 1878 ; his commission as Colonel and Aide-de
camp expired Dec. 31, 1879; commissioned Adjutant, NINTH
regiment, June 25, 1883 ; Major, Feb. 5, 1884. ; Judge Advocate
and Brigadier-General, May 12. 1888.

On the evening of the i6th an interesting event occurred.
From the Tribune, of the 1 7th, we quote the following
account :

The regiment assembled at the armory in West Twenty-sixth street in St-te ser
vice uniform, with black helmets and white leggings, and presented a neat and soldierly
appearance. Colonel William Seward, Jr., was in command. After the regiment had
been turned over to him by the Adjutant, he exercised the men in the manual of arms
and then ordered Company A, Captain George T. Lorigan, to the front.

A delegation of the veterans of the regiment was drawn up behind the Colonel,
and on their behalf, Commander William Scott, presented to Company A, the trophy
won by that command by having the largest number of recruits present at the last
inspection. It was a handsome copper, bronze and silver urn, inscribed with the name
of the company and a statement of the manner in which it had been won. Comman
der Scott, in a brief address, eulogized the regiment and spoke of the deep interest
taken in it by the Veteran Association. Captain Lorigan thanked him on behalf of
his company for the gift. After a brief rest the regiment was marched into the street
and proceeded through Twenty-sixth street, Fifth avenue and Seventeenth street, to
the Plaza on the north of Union Square. There a street riot drill was had, and for an
hour the command did gallant battle with an imaginary mob, advancing and retreat
ing, wheeling into line and delivering volley after volley by companies into the invisi
ble foe. Of course no cartridges were used in the firing, but the loud tones of the
Colonel and the thunders of the captains and the shouting awakened the echoes in the
neighborhood and attracted many people to the scene. The movements were exe
cuted with much precision. Then the command was marched back to the armory.

On the 22nd " Orders No. 26 " were issued, from which
the following extracts are made :

" I. Pursuant to orders from Brigade Headquarters, this regiment will parade in
State Service uniform coat, helmets, white trousers, white gloves, on Wednesday,
May 3oth, to participate in the ceremonies incident to Memorial Day.

"II. Promoted:

" Major Clifford A. H. Bartlett having been appointed Judge Advocate-General by

660 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

the Commarider-in-Chit;f it is eminently fit and proper in this, the first order issued
since he has been commissioned, while lamenting his loss to ourselves as indi
viduals and as an organization, to congratulate the National Guard of the State on its
acquisition of an officer eminently equipped for the duties of the office to which he has
been appointed, and knowing that the qualities which have endeared him to his
present associates cannot fail to multiply his friends in the wider field he now enters.

"III. Officers Commissioned :

" Major and Surgeon Alvah H. Doty, vice Roof resigned, with rank from March
8th.

" Second Lieutenant Godfrey A. S. Wieners, vice Cook promoted, with rank from
March 22d.

" They will be obeyed and respected accordingly.

******

"VIII. The "Richmond Grays" Co. "A" First Virginia Volunteers, Captain
Bossieux, commanding, having accepted the invitation to make the Regimental
Armory their headquarters while in New York, Company " A" NINTH regiment is
hereby detailed to escort them thereto on their arrival in the city, Monday, 28th inst.
Tuesday evening, 29th inst., Captain Bossieux will drill his command in the large drill
room, and members of the NINTH regiment will then have an opportunity of witness
ing the perfection attained by this famous Command.

" Captain Bossieux having expressed the desire to visit the tomb of General Grant
•on Memorial Day, with his command, (Company E) Captain Japha is detailed to act
as escort on that occasion. In the Memorial Day parade, the " Richmond Grays "will
participate as a part of the NINTH regiment, and the Adjutant will assign it to the
position in line it would occupy if its Commandant was the Senior officer."

In the last two paragraphs above quoted, is another exem
plification of the Fraternity now existing between the military
organizations, North and South. How like the visit of the
"Savannah Blues" in 1860.

The annual banquet of the Veteran Association took place
on the evening of the 28th. From the columns of the Star
the following report is taken :

Twenty-seven years ago last Monday night the boys of the NINTH N. Y. S. M.
(Eighty-third N. Y. Volunteers) would have been happy over a pot of black coffee and
a cup of boiled beans, but on the present occasion the best that the Westminster
Hotel afforded was hardly good enough. The old veterans reversed the parable, inas
much as they had received their bad things in Virginia, now they were bound to
make up for it in New York. It was simply Dives reversed, for not one called for a
drop of water — nothing would do but " Mumm and Heidsieck."

This was the twenty-seventh anniversary dinner, and there was a^comparatively
goodly number present to enjoy it. Although the hand of time is telling upon them,
and many heads that once boasted of a heavy crop of fur now resemble billiard balls,
still their spirits were more buoyant, if possible, than ever. The memory of past
•dangers unites them in a bond of fraternity little understood by the thoughtless rising
ireneration.

IS88 TWENTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL BANQUET. 66 1

At 9 o'clock the, veterans and their invited guests arrived, and after hearty hand
shakings and mutual congratulations the dinner was announced. A fine string band
discoursed military music from " Way Down South in Dixie" to " Yankee Doodle,"
and the old boys " fell in." It is useless to discuss the dinner and the various courses.
It was good enough even for war veterans, and that is good enough for a king.

Among the distinguished guests present were General Nicholas W. Day, General
John Hendrickson, Asst.-Adjt.-Genl. G. A. R., William Todd of Albany, Colonel Wil
liam Seward, Jr., Colonel Charles R. Braine, Majors Henry V. Williamson and D. William
Diggs, Colonel John T. Fryer, Colonel Thomas B. Odell. Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas
B. Rand, Commander Van Wyck of A. S. Williams Post, G. A. R., Hon. Orlando B.
Potter, and many others. Letters of regret were received from General Alex. S.
Webb, Mayor Abram S. Hewitt, General John Newton and John C. Robinson, who
promised to meet them at Gettysburg.

Commander William Scott, president of the Veteran Association, presided, and
welcomed the guests in a happy speech. Colonel Charles R. Braine responded to the
toast of the NINTH regiment and its motto, and Hon. Orlando B. Potter responded in
an eloquent speech to the " State of New York." After complimenting her soldiers,
he said he was happy that all the States were now united in the bonds of brotherhood
and eternal love, which had never resulted from any war in the past or never would
from any in the future.

Past Commander Thomas B. Odell, of J. A. Dix Post, responded to the " Army and
Navy." The navy, he thought, had never been rendered its just clues, and had it not
been for them we should never have captured New Orleans, Mobile, Vicksburg or
Port Hudson. The name Grand Army includes both. Ladies are not mentioned, bui
as we know that mankind always embraces them, it is not necessary. [Great laugh
ter.] He closed amid rounds of applause.

Comrade D. W. Diggs, formerly of the regiment, but now of Dakota, responded
to the " National Guard." They saved the Capital in 1861, and it is the right arm of
the nation, with the regular army as a nucleus.

Asst. Adjt.-Gen'l William Todd, spoke of the increase in the ranks of the Grand
Army.

To the toast, "Our Honored Dead," Past Commander Archibald Stewart spoke
feelingly, and referred to the recent death of Dr. Howard Pinkney, the old surgeon of
the regiment, and paid a deserved compliment to his virtues and worth. Captain
Joseph A. Bluxome, responded to " The Ladies," and the Grand Army representative
of The Star to " The Press." It was a grand gathering of old war veterans, and it
was late on Tuesday morning before the strains of " Auld Lang Syne" and " Home
Sweet Home" notified the enthusiastic boys that their wives were lonesome at home.

Memorial Day — the 3Oth — was fittingly celebrated, the
NINTH parading nine commands of fifteen files each — the tenth
being the " Richmond Grays," which occupied the right of the
line. Upon the reviewing stand at Union Square were Presi
dent Grover Cleveland and members of his cabinet, General
Curtis, Commander of the Department of New York G. A. R.,
and many other distinguished citizens. After the column had
passed, the President's party, and the Department Commander

662 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1 88 8

and staff, proceeded to review the parade in Brooklyn, while
the Richmond Grays, escorted by Company E, of the NINTH,
Captain Sol. E. Japha, went to the tomb of General Grant, at
Riverside Park, where, in company with U. S. Grant Post
327, G. A. R., they decorated the tomb of the great soldier,
the Grays also firing the funeral volleys.

The " Richmond Grays," Company A, First Virginia vol
unteers, from Richmond, 56 strong, Captain C. Gray Bossieux,
and Lieutenants Garrison and Gibbs, had reached the city on
the morning of the 28th by the Old Dominion Line steamer,
and were received by Company A, of the NINTH, Captain
Lorigan, and the full regimental drum corps. Marching to the
City Hall, the column was reviewed by Mayor Hewitt, and then
the march was continued up Broadway to Fifth Avenue, to the
Armory, where a collation was served, which was supplemented
by speeches from Colonel Spottswood of Richmond, a guest of
the "Grays,' Colonel Seward of the NINTH, and Captains
Bossieux and Lorigan.

The rest of the day was spent in sight-seeing, Central Park
and other places of note being visited. In the evening the
" Grays " were escorted to the Armory of the Seventy-first
regiment by Company D of that regiment, Captain Alfred P.
Delcambre. After witnessing a review of the regiment and
presentation of marksman's badges, the guests were entertained
by the Seventy-first at a banquet at Mazettis', where they met
a number of prominent National Guard officers, and where a
number of good speeches were delivered.

Tuesday, the 29th, was spent in visiting various points of
interest about the city, under the escort of members of Com
pany A of the NINTH ; several parties being formed, one of
which went up to West Point. In the evening the " Grays "
gave an exhibition drill at the Armory of the NINTH, which was
witnessed by nearly the whole regiment, the Veteran Associ
ation and numerous visitors ; after which the officers of the
NINTH entertained the visitors at a banquet.

Before proceeding to the tomb of General Grant on Me
morial Day, the " Grays " partook of a lunch with Company

i888 VISIT OF THE RICHMOND GRAYS. 663

E of the NINTH, Captain Japha. At the tomb an eloquent
address was made by General Stewart L. Woodford, the visit
of the " Grays " being feelingly alluded to. Colonel Frederick
D. Grant was also present and expressed his appreciation of
the visit of the Virginia soldiers. The " Grays" decorated the
tomb with flowers brought from Richmond for that purpose.
After the visitors had fired a salute over the tomb, they were
escorted to the boat upon which U. S. Grant Post, No. 327,
G. A. R., of Brooklyn, had reached the place, and where a col
lation was served during the return to the city. Leaving the
boat at the foot of West Twenty-second Street, the " Grays "
were escorted to the armory of the NINTH, where they de
posited their arms and then sought their sleeping quarters,
ready for a night's rest after the excitements of the day.

On Thursday, under escort of Captain Lorigan and Lieu-,
tenant Wieners of the NINTH, Captain Bossieux, the lieu
tenants and several others of the visitors visited the Stock,
Produce, and other Exchanges, and in the afternoon, upon
invitation of Comrade William F. Cody (Buffalo Bill), visited
the " Wild West " show on Staten Island, where they were
hospitably entertained.

On Friday the Commissioners of Charities and Correction
took charge of the visitors, who, with several officers and mem
bers of the NINTH, were taken to the Islands in the East River
and shown the institutions controlled by the Board. Commis
sioner Brennan royally entertained his guests before parting
with them. In the evening, upon invitation of Col. J. A.
McCaull, the "Grays" and officers of the NINTH visited
\Vullack's Theatre and witnessed the representation of " The
Lady and the Tiger" A lunch at Delmonico's, then a tour
of portions of the town " by gas-light," after which Lieut-
Col. Rancl of the NINTH entertained the party with a colla
tion at the St. Cloud Hotel, which did not end till daylight
warned the revellers to disperse.

Saturday forenoon was spent by the "Grays" in packing up
preparatory to returning home. They were escorted to the Old

664 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

Dominion steamer by Company B of the NINTH, Captain
Noah L. Cocheu and full drum corps, and accompanied by a
large number of the officers and members of the regiment.
At three o'clock, amid cheers and waving of handkerchiefs, the
boat left the dock.

The Tribune, of the 3d, had this to say of their departure :

The Richmond Grays, Company A, ist Virginia Volunteers, under command of
Captain Bossieux, started for home yesterday afternoon by the Old Dominion Line
Steamer Szneca. The visitors, who were the guests of Company A, were delighted
with the attention and entertainment accorded them at the Armory, and gave vent to
their feelings after they boarded the vessel by many times three cheers and a whole
jungle of tigers. Captain Bossieux said : As for myself, the only thing I was allowed
to buy here was a little box of parlor matches for five cents. The fife and drum corps
played " Home Again " as the vessel steamed out into the stream, and the men of the
two companies gave parting cheers.

On the ist of the month the Veteran Organization attended
the funeral of Doctor Howard Pinkney, who died suddenly in
England on the i4th of May. He had sailed from New York
on the 5th of May for a period of rest and recreation, and was,
without a moment's warning, stricken down. The services
were held at the church of the Holy Trinity, Madison Ave. and
Forty-second Street.

The pall bearers were Dr. O. M. Arkenburg, William Scott,
Esq., Major John H. Kemp, Dr. Geo. C. Freeborn, Dr. Robert
Wier, T. L. Van Smull, James Warren, and W. F. Shirley.

The interment was at the Second Street Marble Cemetery,
where a short address and prayer were made by Bishop Newman
of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

On the 8th the regiment proceeded to Creedmoor for "first
general rifle-practice." On the i3th the Veteran Organization
was again ordered out, and took part in the unveiling of the Put
nam Statue, at Brooklyn, Conn.

1888 INHERITED HONORS. 665

CHAPTER XXXIII.

G E T T \ S H U R G REVISITED.

1888 (CONTINUED).

Inherited Honors. — The Society of the Army of the Potomac Invites the NINTH to
Escort it to Gettysburg. — The Legislature Provides for the Expense. — Colonel
Seward's Acceptance of the Invitation. — Laying of the Corner Stone of the Monu
ment at Gettysburg. — The Veteran Association and Guests Leave for Gettysburg.
— Arrival There. — Visit to the Battle-field. — The Monument. — Arrival of the Regi
ment. — "Orders No. 30." — Pennsylvania and New Jersey Provide for the Comfort
of the NINTH. — Meeting of the First Corps Society in Reynolds' Grove.

^HE King never dies" — an army, a corps, division, bri
gade, regiment, company, is never without a head,
never without a commander. "The kinof is dead, lone live

<-> O

the king !" is uttered in the same breath. Seniority in rank
regulates the succession. The regiment that fought at Water
loo bears upon its banner, to-day, that proud record, albeit
not one of its members was born when the organization
achieved its greatest glory.

The NINTH of to-day, although a quarter of a century has
elapsed, is not so far removed from Gettysburg, but that some
of its number wear the badge of the G. A. R., and claim com-
radship with the Veteran Organization because of their active
service at that time. But, even, were none of this element in
the ranks, the glory of the earlier clay rests upon the regiment
now.

" You may break, you may shatter the vase if you will,
But the scent of the roses, will linger there still."

We now approach the closing, and, perhaps, as interesting
a part of the history of the regiment as any yet recorded.

The advance of civilization and the march of improvements
is shown nowhere more forcibly than upon the field of Gettys
burg. History shows no parallel to match this great battle

666 THE NINTH NEW YORK.

field. Nowhere in the world is there a Mecca, where so many
enduring monuments mark the spot made sacred by the heroism,
valor and bloodshed of its Country's defenders. The NINTH, as
has been recorded, bore an honorable part in this pivotal battle
of the War of the Rebellion, and one of the finest monuments
of the many beautiful memorials erected to the defenders of the
Union, marks the line held by the regiment on the ist of July,
1863.

The movement to erect this noble column has been noted
in a previous chapter ; it is now the pleasing duty to record its
completion and dedication, and thus fittingly close the history
of the NINTH regiment, to the present time.

The Society of the Army of the Potomac, at its meeting at
Saratoga in 1887, decided to hold the next reunion at. Gettys
burg. On the 1 4th of April the following letter was addressed
to Colonel Seward :

SOCIETY OF THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC.
OFFICE OF THE RECORDING SECRETARY, No. 38 PARK Row,

NEW YORK, April 14, 1888.
Colonel WILLIAM SEWARD, Jr.

Commanding NINTH Regiment N. G. S. N. Y.

MY DEAR SIR: The Society of the Army of the Potomac will hold its annual reunion
at Gettysburg on the ist, 2d and 3d of July. I am directed by the Executive Com
mittee to tender to your regiment, active as well as veteran, an invitation to act as
escort for the society on that occasion. The distinguished services of the NINTH regi
ment throughout the War make it eminently fit and proper that to them should be
extended the opportunity of performing this duty on that occasion. Awaiting your
early reply, I have the honor to be, very respectfully and truly yours,

HORATIO C. KING.
Recording- Secretary Army of the Potomac.

The State had generously made provision for the expenses
of the escort to the society in 1887, and this year granted the
same favor to the NINTH. A bill was introduced in the upper
house by Senator Michael C. Murphy, promptly passed by
both branches and signed by the executive on the I5th of
May,

It authorized the Governor " to detail the regiment to
attend the dedication of the monument erected by the State,

iS88 SOCIETY OF THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. 66 /

in honor of the survivors* of that regiment at Gettysburg, in
July." The bill also appropriated $7,000 to defray the neces
sary expenses of transportation and subsistence.

The language of the bill needs some explanation. " Erected
by the State" means, simply, that the State had appropriated
$1,500 toward the erection of a monument to each regiment,
battery and independent company from the State, that took
part, or was present at the battle. As will be seen the cost of
the NINTH'S monument was much more than the above sum.

On May 22nd Colonel Seward addressed the following letter
to General King :

HEADQUARTERS NINTH REGIMENT, NATIONAL GUARD, STATE OF NEW YORK.

May 22, 1888.
Brigadier-General HORATIO C. KING.

Recording Secretary Society of the Army of thePotomac.

Mv DEAR SIR : I duly received your valued favor of the I4th ult., in which you com
municated to me the action of the executive committee of your society at a special
meeting, viz. : "The invitation to the NINTH regiment, active as well as veteran, to
act as its escort on the occasion of its annual reunion on the 1st, 2cl and 3d of July at
Gettysburg." As the Legislature of the State has authorized the commander-in-chief
to detail the NINTH regiment to be present on the occasion of the dedication of the
monument erected on that historic ground, in memory of former members of the regi
ment who fell on that and other fields during the late War, I am able to accept, in
behalf of the active organization, the tender so gracefully and happily conveyed by
yourself, and to assure your committee of the high appreciation of the honor thus con
ferred. It will be our aim, in the performance of the duty devolving upon us by such
acceptance, to merit the approbation of the Society of the Army of the Potomac, and
especially that of its honored members of the executive committee. I will be glad if
you wiirinform me as soon as convenient of the exerdses incident to the reunion, and
remain, very respectfully, your obedient servant,

WILLIAM SEWARD, JR.,

Colonel NINTH Regiment.

Meanwhile, and in anticipation of the trip, drilling was
vigorously prosecuted, Colonel Seward announcing that
" none but well instructed men will be allowed to accompany
the command."

On May 2gth the corner-stone of the monument was laid
—without ceremony — the work being superintended by Capt.

* So in the original.

668 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

John G. Noonan, the Inspector of Monumental work. A
metal box placed in the corner stone contained :

Nos. i and 2 of The New York NINTH, the paper published
by the regiment at Warrenton, Va., on Tuesday, July 3ist, and
Thursday, Aug. 7th, 1862, which were presented by Captain
John H. Van Wyck.

No. 163, vol. LV, N. Y. Sun, Tuesday, Feb. loth, 1888,
and which contained a description and cut of the monument.

No. 1694, vol. LXVI, Frank Leslies Illustrated News
paper, March 3d, 1888, and which also contained a descrip
tion and cut of the monument.

The roll of membership of the Veteran Organization of the
NINTH.

Muster-out rolls of the Field and Staff, Non. -Commissioned
Staff and Band of the NINTH N. Y. S. M., 83d N. Y. Vols.

Muster-out rolls of each of the ten companies, and of the
Battery " Company K," afterward known as the Sixth N. Y.
Independent Battery.

List of subscribers to the Gettysburg Monument Fund, to
May 2nd, 1888.

N. Y. Trttune,vo\. XLVIII, No. 15,144, and N. Y. World.
vol. XXVIII, No. 9,752, both of May 2nd, 1888.

The corner-stone is in the southeast corner of the monu
ment.

On the evening of the 29th the members of the Veteran
Organization, and their guests, left New York in a special
train, via the Penn. R. R., and arrived at Gettysburg at seven
o'clock the following Saturday morning. After breakfast, at
the Eagle hotel in the town, carriages were procured and the
field of the second and third days visited. In the afternoon
•the ride was extended and the field of the first day's battle was
examined, the most interesting part being that portion of the
line occupied by the NINTH, and where the beautiful monu
ment stood in all its glory. This is the proper place for a
description.

The monument stands on Reynolds Avenue, which

1 888 AT GETTYSBURG. 669

extends along Seminary Ridge, and is near the Mummasburg
Road. The shaft is built of alternate layers of light and red
Westerly granite, the light faced, while the red is rough, and is
fifty-one feet high and fifteen feet square at the base. On the
summit is a huge cannon ball, upon which is poised, with wings
outstretched, a bronze eacfle, weiofhinof some seven hundred

o o o

pounds, and which was modeled after an eagle shot in that
county a short time previous to the erection.

The ride was continued along Oak Ridge to the line occu
pied by the Eleventh Corps, back to the town, then upon
Cemetery Hill over to Culps Hill and as far as Spangler's
Spring, by which time it was dark ; when the veterans were
content to return to the hotel for supper, after which, until
bed-time, the hours were fully occupied in chatting with the
many veterans from other parts of the country.

A little before nine o'clock on Sunday morning, July ist,
the regiment arrived. The former Major, Clifford A. H.
Bartlett, wearing the shoulder straps of his new rank — Brig
adier-General — accompanying it as the representative of Gov
ernor David B. Hill. The ''Actives" were met by the veter
ans at the station. The line of march was soon taken up and
the camp ground near the Springs Hotel reached about ten.
Unfortunately the camp had been pitched in a field — dry
enough when selected — that by reason of a two days' rain had
became thoroughly saturated. Many of the tents were not fit
for occupancy ; but the boys made the best of it and got along
with very little grumbling.

Orders previously issued by Colonel Seward had specified
the routine of duty at the camp, and before the line was dis
missed the following order was read :

HEADQUARTERS, NINTH REGIMENT, NATIONAL GUARD, S. N. Y.

CAMP LEAVER,

GETTYSBURG, \\\.,Jnly is/,
ORDERS )
No. 30. j

I. In honor of the gallant soldier and the Executive of this State, this camp will be
known as "Camp Beaver."

II. As the duties devolving upon the Command may necessitate changes in the

670 THE NINTH NEW YORK.

1888

hours of service as published in Orders No. 29, t: s., from these Headquarters, such
modification will be duly announced each day.

III. Commanding Officers of Companies must impress upon their respective com
mands the necessity of promptness in responding to all the calls ordered, and they
will also be held responsible for the cleanliness of Company quarters. At each meal-
call it is hereby made their duty to supervise the assembling of their companies and
inarching in a body to the mess tents.

IV. Each member must bear in mind he represents not only the NINTH regiment
but the New York State National Guard as well, and will therefore on all occasions
deport himself as a soldier and gentleman.

V. It seems only fitting that in this the first order issued in Camp, to acknowledge
the courtesy of the officials of the State of Pennsylvania, to whom, through the kind
offices of the Executive Committee of the Society of the Army of the Potomac, we
are indebted for camp equipage.

By order of COLONEL WILLIAM SEWARD, JR.,
YELLOTT U. DECHERT,

First Lieutenant and Adjutant.
(Official.) G. HENRY WITTHAUS,

Captain, at Headquarters.

It may seem strange that the State of New York did not
furnish camp equipage to the NINTH, but it appears that all the
tents belonging to the State were in use at the State camp at
Peekskill. New Jersey contributed to the comfort of the regi
ment — and especially to the field officers and guests of the
NINTH — for that State furnished a larfje number of blankets,

without which many would have suffered during the cool
nights.

The first public event in the afternoon was the Reunion of
the First Corps at Reynolds' Grove, where a great throng had
collected an hour or more before the meeting was called to

order.

Promptly at 3 P. M. Maj. E. P. Halstead, president of the
First Army Corps Association, opened the exercises and
introduced Bishop Newman, of Washington, who, in a fervid
invocation, gave thanks for the bravery and heroism displayed
here in the maintenance of constitutional liberty. Gov
ernor Beaver was enthusiastically received, especially by the
veterans.

Gen. John C. Robinson, the orator of the occasion,
thanked G:)v. Beaver for his cordial welcome extended the

i888 FIRST CORPS REUNION AT REYNOLDS' GROV 671

First Army Corps veterans and complimented the Keystone
State for her constant and substantial testimonials of appreci
ation of the soldiers. He considered this a great day for the
First Army Corps to meet after a quarter of a century on the
field made historic by their valor and asserted, with emphasis,
that not half has been told of the deeds of this command, in
one of the most important of engagements, during the entire
battle. Giving full credit to what others had done here, he

thought it should be remembered that here the First Corps
held in check for six hours two-thirds of the Confederate Army.
If those troops had gained here, the battle of Gettysburg
would not have been fought. General Reynolds being dead, the
speaker thought, was one reason for want of justice in giving
the corps, as he would have done his troops, full measure of
praise. In speaking of the corps participating during the rest
of the battle, he said that no other corps here was in action
all three days. In his opinion it was time that the First corps
received some measure of credit for the important part they
took.

The address was rather brief, the statements clear and
devoid of all verbiage.

George Frederick Smith, the war Governor of New Hamp
shire, on being introduced, counted it one of the most import
ant events of his life to be present to-clay, and after brief
remarks closed with the expression that he should never cease
to hold in the highest regard the men who had saved this
great country.

Pennsylvania's war Governor, Andrew G. Curtin, was
loudly called for, but he did not respond.

Gov. E. J. Ormsbee, the present Governor of Vermont,
said he did not come here as a war Governor, but as one who
had taken part in the battle, having held a command in Stan,
nard's brigade of Vermont troops.

Gen. L. A. Grant, in this battle Colonel of the Fifth
Vermont regiment, of the Sixth Corps, considered Pickett's
chaVge the grandest ever made in the world.

6/2 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

Judge W. G. Veazey, late Colonel of the Sixteenth Vermont
Regiment, Stannard's brigade, paid the First Corps the compli
ment by saying that not only the glory of opening the battle
belonged to them, but also the closing, as his brigade, which

<-> O7 O

fired the last shots, was temporarily attached to the First
Corps.

The Confederate General, James Longstreet, was next
introduced and was received with hearty cheers. He said he

was not on the field in time to witness the encra^ement between

t> o

the First Corps and the troops of the South ; he was glad to
be present and participate in these exercises, for he saw in them
the development of a sympathy such as was borne in the hearts
of all who know how to appreciate that feeling, and thought
none knew better how to manifest these feelings than the

troops of the First Corps. After speaking to the advantages
of the Federal position, he said that here the Southern army
met its fate, but not for want of valor, fortitude or faith. In
paying tribute to that valor, he said :

" Pickett's charge has not a parallel in the annals of
war," and touchingly alluding to the dead, said :

" Such is the sacrifice sometimes demanded by the usages of
war." Glancing toward Round Top he added : "Yon crown
ing heights are now far more pleasant for fraternal meetings."
In closing he said : " The ladies are present, God bless them,
and may they dispel all illusion that may come between the
people."

The band played " Dixie " before Longstreet's speech and
" Yankee Doodle," after which General Fairchild was intro
duced and started out with the sentence : Twenty-five years
have made it possible to sandwich a Confederate and a Yankee
between 'Dixie' and 'Yankee Doodle.' He did not know a
better object lesson for the young than these fraternal gatherings
of two once hostile armies. He agreed with Governor Beaver's
opening remarks, concerning the use of Sabbath for this
purpose, and there was no day too holy to visit the scenes and
hold memorial services over the dead. In times of war it was

1888 EXTRACTS FROM THE ADDRESSES. 673

not too holy to fight on Sunday, and with proper motives in
their hearts this was not wrong to pay well-merited tributes to
the dead.

General Lucius Fairchild of Wisconsin, Prof. Williams of
Providence, R. I., Captain J. H. Stine, historian of the First
Corps, and several others spoke briefly, and the exercises closed
about five o'clock.

674 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

CHAPTER XXXIV.

DEDICATION OF MONUMENT AT GETTYSBURG.

1888 (CONTINUED.)

Procession to the Monument. — Some Distinguished Veterans Present. — Chain-nan
William Scott Addresses the Audience. — Monument Unveiled. — Transferred to
the Gettysburg Memorial Association by General Sickles. — The Poem. — Oration
of Hon. Orlando B. Potter. — Music by the Band. — Greetings of Veterans on, the
Field. — The Veteran Association Leave for Home.

AT four o'clock in the afternoon the regiment assembled and
marched into town, where the procession was formed for
the march to the monument. The Orator, Poet, Chairman
NINTH Regiment Gettysburg Monument Committee, New
York Board of Commissioners, Officers of Gettysburg Memorial
Association, Officers of Society of Army of the Potomac,
Officers of Society of First Army Corps and Disabled Veterans,
were in carriages. The members of the Veteran Association,
together with comrades from John A. Dix Post No. 135, and
Alexander Hamilton Post No. 182, G. A. R., and Veterans of
the 6ist, 97th, and iigth New York regiments, formed the left
of the line, the regiment on the right. Upon reaching the
monument the Veterans were drawn up facing the east front,
the Regiment forming a double line behind them. A stand
had been erected to the left of the shaft, and upon it were
grouped many distinguished Veterans and a number of ladies.
Among the former were Generals Daniel E. Sickles, Henry \V.
Slocum, Joseph B. Carr and Charles K. Graham and Major
Charles A. Richardson of the State Commission (having in
charge the erection of the New York monuments), and Major
George W. Cooney ; General N. Martin Curtis, Commander
of the Department of New York, Grand Army of the Re
public ; General John Hendrickson, Chairman of the Mon
ument Committee and ex-Colonel of the NINTH ; John M.

1888 DEDICATION OF THE MONUMENT. 6/5

Vanderslice, he Gettysburg- Memorial Association ; Colonel
Frank J. Magee, Commander of the Department of Pennsyl
vania, Grand Army of the Republic ; Captain George S.
Anderson, of the Sixth Regular Cavalry ; Hon. Orlando B.
Potter, the Orator of the day ; Rowland B. Mahany, Esq., the
Poet, and Mr. William Scott, Commander of the Veteran
Corps, under whose auspices the ceremony was conducted.
Sig. Luciano Conterno's fine band, which had accompanied the
NINTH, played a march, " NINTH Regiment," composed by the
leader, when the Rev. Alfred C. Roe, ex-Chaplain of the regi
ment, and Chaplain of the Veteran Association, invoked the
Divine blessing :

PRAYER.

O Lord, as we come this day before Thee, who art so high and lifted up, we praise
Thee. Thou dost speak, and it is done — dost command, and it stands fast. We
praise Thee for Thy greatness, and this is guided by Thy wisdom. Nothing is too
vast for Thee, nothing beneath Thy notice. Thou dost see ihe end from the very
beginning and dost march straight on to Thy designs.

But both alike, greatness and wisdom, wait upon Thy goodness. Wherefore we
are not afraid of Thee, but call Thee Father. For Thou dost bring light out of dark
ness and good from evil ; and art able to make despair the door of hope, and our
utmost danger but the contrast to the deliverance. Thou dost vouchsafe, even as our
eyes behold this day.

We thank Thee for this bright afternoon with its fair sights and sounds, its quiet
peace and rest. We thank Thee for the contrast between the present and the day we
celebrate — then, the sounds of strife and deadly struggle of those who had been
brethren : now, the clasped hands of friendship and sweet Sabbath bells.

We thank Thee for the numbers present — of the Veterans who fought over these
hills. Thou didst shield us in battle, hast brought us through these many years, and
we stand before Thee this day, monuments of Thy protecting care. We humbly
thank Thee that we had part in the conflict, when our country rose to a larger life and
a truer freedom ; and that we can leave the proud memory thereof to our children.

We thank Thee for the full ranks in the grand old regiment of those who are
stepping into their fathers' places with their young hopes and strong hearts and arms.
We thank Thee for the friends present, many of whom sent sons and husbands to the
.strife, or, toiling at home, supplied the resources of the field ; and many have grown
up since to enter into blessings purchased on this spot.

We thank Thee for a united land — that there are no jarring States, nor any line
drawn across our fair domain bristling with arms and guarded with hostile care.
Slavery, too, the crime of our land, has been swept away. This, the cause of our
woe, has been cheaply removed, though at the cost of treasure, and blood, and misery
untold. We humble ourselves before Thee, and acknowledge our sin and the justice
of Thy punishments.

But in anger thou didst remember mercy. We have learned, both North and South,

676 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

mutual respect as for tnose of the same blood, with the same memories, and the same
stout hearts. We thank Thee for the dying out of hatred — that not the bitterness of
the strife, but its heroism and sacrifices on either side are remembered, and that \ve
have learned how men can be mistaken, and yet noble and true.

Above all we thank Thee for the presence and fraternization of so many former
foes, and accept it as a pledge of the present and an omen for the future. We thank
Thee for the dear old flag and all that it means, and for the higher, holier love of
country we all feel, alike the Blue and the Gray.

And now, Our Father, we meet to dedicate this monument to the memory of those
who suffered and died. May its lesson sink deeply into our hearts, both as a Nation
and with all now in Thy presence — the lesson that country and duty as we see it, is
more precious than life itself. May it still live when this granite shaft we erect shall
have crumbled and been forgotten. So only shall it be possible for Thee to give and
for us to receive the blessings we desire.

We pray for the welfare and prosperity of the land, that it be preserved from fac
tion and strife, that there be one rule for the rich and the poor, and that our example
of liberty and law through the government of the people, be an influence for good
among the nations of the world.

To that end we pray that all in high places, and that those under them in authority,
may rule in Thy fear. We pray for good rulers ; and as the people are with us the
real source of power, we pray that they have eyes to see and courage to do the right.

We pray for our children here present, and for the generations to come, that they
be spared our test. Yet, Lord, we do not ask that they be without trial ; for without
the strife there is no victory. We seek rather that they be ready for their country's
call, and evermore be good soldiers of the right and God.

We pray for those who meet again after a quarter of a century. If consistent with
Thy will, spare useful, honored lives — yes, those who come here but fragments and
portions, as it were, of their former selves. Grant at least, that their future years be
in all respects in harmony with and worthy of their services in arms. May they be
ready for every summons of duty, faithful to the end. And when the last trumpet
shall sound the roll-call of God's heroes of the right, may they answer joyfully to their
names, and rdteive the approbation and promotion of the Lord. Amen.

General Hendrickson, chairman of the monument committee,
then signalled for the unveiling of the shaft, and as the flag was
being removed the band played " The Star Spangled Banner."
General Hendrickson then, in brief but eloquent terms, pre
sented the monument to the Veteran Association and Mr. Scott,
the president, accepted it, supplementing his formal acceptance
by a brief address, in which he detailed the ways and means
whereby the monument had been erected. He said in sub
stance, that in the summer of 1886 the Veteran Association
made a pilgrimage to the battle-fields of Antietam, South Moun
tain and Gettysburg, and while at the latter place, and noticing
the monuments there erected, it occurred to some that the

i888 THE CEREMONIES. 677

NINTH should also be remembered. A meeting was held that
evening at the hotel in the village, and preliminary steps
taken to secure the desired result. Upon reaching home the
matter was thoroughly canvassed, a committee appointed, and
General Henclrickson made chairman. After two years of
hard work, and by the assistance of many generous friends,
supplemented by an appropriation of $,1500 from the State
of New York, " the result is before us."

Turning to General Sickles, chairman of the New York
commission, Mr. Scott formally presented the monument to
the commission. The General in a few well chosen words, in
which he paid a high tribute to the valor of the soldiers from
the Empire State who fought in the battle, and especially to
the men of the NINTH who died upon that and other fields,
accepted the monument ; then, turning to Comrade John M.
Vanderslice, representing the Gettysburg Memorial Association,
which has in charge all the monuments on the field, the General
made the formal transfer to the association. Comrade Van
derslice, in accepting the charge on behalf of the association,
promised that the monument should have perpetual care and be
preserved sacred to the memory of the brave men whose deeds
it records.

Upon the conclusion of Comrade Vanderslice's remarks the
band rendered "Nearer My God to Thee," and then the Poet,
Mr. Rowland B. Mahany, of Buffalo, N. Y., was introduced,
and read the following verses :

DEDICATION POEM.

BY ROWLAND B. MAHANY, OF BUFFALO, N. Y.

What shall we say to crown the honored dead,
What voice of ours shall magnify their fame,

Who on this field for Truth and Country bled.
In storm of shot, in hell of battle's flame ?

Weak were our words to sound the note of woe,

And vain the woven laurel of our praise,
If that high faith by which their memories grow,

Exalted not the spirit of our days!

678 THE NINTH NEW YORK.

We sit at ease ! Across our prosperous years,
No bugle peal of War's alarum sounds ;

No host of armed battalions now appears,
To desolate what smiling Commerce founds.

Blest is our land ! Tt teems with all increase,

Its glory is the glory of mankind ;
And all that Nationhood can give in peace,

The slaves of older systems here may find.

Yet with inglorious triumphs in the mart,

Men lose the grateful thought of freedom won,

Nor estimate aright the dauntless part
By heroes borne, in deeds of valor done.

In wealth's mad race, men's finer sense is dulled,
They give not meed of honor as they might,

Nay, even scorn, through conscience lost or lulled,
The Soldiers of this War for Human Right.

We greet, to-day, the great, majestic Past,

Wherein those heroes wrought their work sublime

Wrhose glory never can be overcast,

While Progress treads the broad highway of Time.

Here on this storied ground whose holy sod
Is fertile with the blood they nobly shed,

We gather now to consecrate to God,

The fame of His, and our, immortal dead.

On Gettysburg the fate of ages hung,

The unborn millions in the future's womb

Rejoiced, when our exultant anthem rung

And Freedom's light broke over Slavery's tomb.

No, never struggle was akin to this !

The old-time battles meant dynastic gains ;
This ranks both Marathon and Salamis,

For Humankind was freed upon these plains.

Here on this spot where countless heroes fell,
We rear this fair memorial to their worth,

That to all generations it may tell

That Freedom everlasting here had birth !

Oh, hallowed shaft ! that speaks the garnered grief
Of those whose tears forever silent fall

For their lost loved ones, whose existence brief
A dream of glory seemed and that was all !

1883

i888 DEDICATION POEM. 679

They went in strength to nevermore return ;

Their dust was mingled with the myriad years ;
But while high deeds make bosoms beat and burn,

Their names will grace the temple Fame uprears.

Through all the changing future's vast unknown.

Their valor points the length of Freedom's day;
We, for the love we bear them, raise this stone,

To mark the mightiest triumph on the way.

While now we glorify that matchless host,
Whose faith and courage spurned all doubts and fears,

Forgive us if we turn to honor most,

Our own brave NINTH, our peerless Volunteers !

We need not praise them in sonorous rhyme,

Who wrote their epic in red lines of steel ;
Words echo faintly down the aisles of time ;

Deeds merit deeds to make their meaning real.

When Lincoln blew his Northern bugle blast,

The eager NINTH enlisted " for the war " ;
And though death mowed their comrades thick and fast,

They bore the flag before Columbia's car.

At Gettysburg — here on this very spot —

They checked o'erwhelming numbers — undismayed !

Ay, North Carolina felt their courage hot,
When down they swept on Iverson's Brigade.

But why recount the ceaseless roll of fame?

Their glory is as deathless as the stars !
Of those that fought, we see each shining name,

Where neither praise or censure makes or mars.

Here where their hearts were wrung, we consecrate
Ourselves to that great truth for which they died —

Their legatees of freedom in a State
\Vhere evermore the Union shall abide.

And, as our love's best love the Nation claims,

Let us forget the fury of past strife ;
And North and South with re-united aims.

Move forward in the future's grander life.

Yea, that the South fought well, let us rejoice;

They were our brothers, chivalrous and brave ;
And though they lost the battle, let our voice

Place Valor's wreath above each hero's grave.

68O THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

We are too great to cherish olden wrongs ;

The din of conflict dies within our ears,
As swelling on the breeze the festal songs

Of Peace and Friendship greet the coining years.

O North and South, O Nation one and free!

We lay our whole existence at thy feet, —
For here the hallowed dead who died for thee,

Have glorified and made thy fate complete.

The reading of the poem was listened to with rapt atten
tion and frequently elicited outbursts of applause.

Hon. Orlando B. Potter, of New York, was then introduced
as the orator of the occasion. Mr. Potter said :

Veterans and Members of the NINTH Regiment of New York Militia, and of the
Eighty-third New York Volunteers :

After what has now been done on this spot, surrounded by this scene, there is little
need of speech by me. The spot upon which we are gathered, the scene which sur
rounds us, and the memories which they awaken and recall, are more eloquent and
more stirring than any words I might utter. You are on the spot where, twenty-five
years ago this day, you met and turned back with others who participated with you in
the struggle, perhaps the most determined and best organized assault ever made upon
the flag and armies of your country. With the close of the work which this day com
memorates, you and those who fought upon this field with you had established the
fact that no power upon this continent, however concentrated, impassioned and well
directed, could carry a war of invasion to the heart of the loyal States of this Union.
The work accomplished upon this field must ever remain a prominent and important,
if not a decisive, part of your country's history. Here sleep the dead who mingled
their efforts and their blood with yours in the struggle for the preservation of your
country's liberties ; and these hill-sides and plains, the whole landscape upon which
you look again afresh, are but the " solemn decorations" of the tombs of those who
fell upon this field. How impotent is speech or attempt at description to those who
here took part as actors in the struggle you now commemorate! I shall attempt no
such description. The record of that struggle is made up ; and these fields and
plains and heights, which bore witness to its sacrifices, sufferings, efforts, and victory,
have kept and will faithfully keep this record in the tombs of the heroic dead until they
shall be given up at the last trump.

Nor is it important to this occasion that 1 attempt to enter at all into details of
the sufferings and sacrifices of the regiment, of which you are the honored remnant,
upon other fields than this. These survive in your own memories. They, too, are a
part of the history of your country. You will live them over again and again while
memory remains to you, and when you have passed away they will remain in that
history, as the richest legacy to your chijdren and children's children, as your con
tribution by example, to stimulate and encourage the patriotism of those who may be
hereafter called to serve their country on the field.

It is sufficient to say here that this regiment volunteered its services to the country

ADDRESS OF IlO.X. ORLANDO I!. I'OTTF.R. 68 1

early in the Rebellion (April 19th, 1861 ), and volunteered for the ?iw. Its members
were sworn in and became part of the organized army June 8th, 1861. Between that
date and the discharge of all that remained of them, June 23d, 1864, the regiment par
ticipated in eighteen battles, commencing with that at Harper's Ferry, July 4th, 1861,
and ending with the battle of Cold Harbor, June 2(1, 1864.

The regiment suffered loss in killed and wounded in fourteen of these battles ; and
lost in killed, wounded, ;;nd those who died of wounds, during its service, six hundred
and eighty-four in all. Upon this field the regiment, which had been before largely
reduced by its heavy losses, lost in killed seven, and in wounded eighteen. When the
remnant of the regiment was discharged, the army of the Rebellion, had ceased to be
an army of invasion, and the beginning of the end of the Rebellion was at hand.

Such service as volunteers for your country in any cause needing your arms or
your lives, would more than entitle you to the commemoration of to-day and to this
monument, to transmit to posterity the remembrance of your patriotism and devotion
to country. But your service was rendered in no ordinary war. War against foreign
nations is easy as compared with \var in which all is put at hazard for the cause of
country, in. a contest against one's own countrymen. The service for which you
volunteered, was a service against American citizens, your own countrymen, and was
the most arduous and trying for which freemen can draw the sword. But it was a
service necessary to save American- liberty for yourselves and your children. Other
forms of liberty had been known and enjoyed in other countries and by other people, but
American liberty was the child of the American Constitution and the Union of these
States, and had not before been known or enjoyed by man. It made the citizen a
coequal sovereign with every other citizen both of the community and State in which
he lives, and also of the Nation formed by the Union of all the States, and endowed
with such'^ncl only such powers as was necessary to secure to the citizen the sacred
right of self-government at home, and protection and security as a citizen of the
Nation against and throughout the outside world. The American citizen, therefore,
at the same time a sovereign and coequel member with every other citizen both of the
State in which he lives, and of the Nation, rightfully regards and cherishes every foot
of the National domain, in whatever State or Territory, as part of his own country,
while the State in which he lives is the immediate spot and territory whose govern
ment and laws, in all matters not delegated to the Nation, he with other citizens
thereof ordains and controls. While he relies for protection and enjoyment of his
fireside rights, primarily upon the State government by which he is immediately sur
rounded, lie finds those rights also doubly secured in the American Constitution; and,
more important to the permanence of his liberties, the American citizen finds only in
the Constitution and the Union of the States under it, the sufficient guarantee of the
ability of the State to maintain and make good the security and permanency of these
domestic rights and liberties — the only adequate guarantee for the maintenance of
republican government by the State itself. But more and greater still the possessor
of this double liberty of State and Nation finds, and shall forever find in the American
Constitution alone, freedom with the rights of a citizen throughout every part of the
National domain, freedom of the seas, freedom from disturbance by war, except such
as shall be waged by the consent of the whole country and for the welfare and security
of the Nation, and freedom and all-sufficient protection of his liberties and rights as
an American citizen under the flag of his country throughout the world. If the title
of Roman citizen was valuable to ////// at home and abroad, what is the value of
American citizenship, — what will it be when, within the lifetime of those now living,

682 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

our sixty millions of to-day shall become two hundred millions, dwelling together as
brothers in peace and love, holding the advance of human progress under the flag
which on this spot you so gloriously and triumphantly defended in support of consti
tutional liberty and self-government ?

But it was said in behalf of those who contended against our flag and nationality
in the late war, that they contended for self-government. This was doubtless believed
by the body of the army who waged that contest against that dear old flag, in whose
stars and stripes are recorded the great achievements of the past and shall be recorded
the achievements of the future — a record and inheritance of glory for them and for us
forever. Never did greater delusion possess the human mind. There is and can
never be bat one adequate security for self-government upon this continent, and that
is the American Constitution. That Constitution was rescued from destruction and
burial, in the abyss of secession, by the valor of the Union arms on the battle-fields of
the war we in part review to-day. Higher service for country and mankind has never
been and can never be rendered than was rendered in that rescue.

It has been said that the battles and victories of the late war ought not to be cele
brated, because they were battles against and victories over our own countrymen. I
cannot agree with this sentiment. They were battles for the supremacy and preser
vation of our Constitution and Government. They were the last argument, rendered
necessary by the appeal from reason to force in the assault upon Fort Sumter, for the
overthrow and annihilation of the fatal heresy of secession, which had its origin
more than thirty years before in the false teachings of statesmen who failed to regard
their own States as a necessary part of the National Union, and refused to accept and
acknowledge the National Government as necessary or important to their own per
manent liberty, progress and prosperity. This heresy, if acquiesced in, made our
Union, after all it had cost of blood, treasure, and sacrifice, but a rope of sand, which
might at any time be broken and destroyed at the will of a minority of the States
forming it, or at the will of a single State. The appeal to force in support of this
heresy left the Nation no alternative but to maintain by force the Government and
Constitution created by our fathers and theirs. All that was won upon the battle
fields of the Revolution, and all thereafter achieved through the dreary experiences
of the Confederacy, and all that was of value in our constitutional Government, under
which the States and Nation had prospered and grown strong as few people have ever
prospered, from the formation of the Constitution to this suicidal assault in 1861
upon the Government, was at stake upon the issue tried and decided upon the battle
fields of the war against Rebellion. If this Rebellion had succeeded, the Govern
ment established by our fathers would have been overthrown, and all the treasures
and hopes for our own country and mankind with which that Government was
freighted would have been lost. Fortunately for the Union, not less than its assail
ants, the Constitution and Union were preserved and the heresy of secession was an
nihilated and buried, and I trust abandoned forever, in the surrender at Appomattox.
The triumph of the Union arms upon this field and other fields of that war, were not
triumphs over or against the rights of the South. They were triumphs as much for
the South as lor the North — triumphs of the Constitution and the Union only,
through which and under which all parts of the country, North or South, had achieved -
all that was valuable in their history, and in obedience and support of which they
could only hope to achieve anything valuable to human liberty in the future for them
selves or for mankind. No right of self-government was conquered from that section
of the country which had unfortunately placed itself in arms against our Nation and

i888 AT GETTYSBURG. 683

flag, unless suicide by secession be counted such ;i right. On the contrary, all that
was achieved upon this and other fields of this war, was achieved equally for the
South as for the North, and the blessings already flowing and forever hereafter to
flow from a preserved Union and Constitution shall flow equally for all States and
sections of the Union, whatever their part in the work of such preservation. With
the surrender at Appomattox the Constitution was restored and acknowledged
throughout every foot of our National territory, and, if there are any events in our
history which as patriots we are called upon to celebrate, surely we should celebrate
the preservation of our Constitution not less than its creation, and the victories and
battles by which it was preserved, not less than the victories and battles of the Revo
lution by which it was made possible. The men who fell on this and other fields of
the late war in support of our Government and flag are entitled to no less grateful
commemoration than those who fell at Bunker Hill, Saratoga and Yorktown ; and
until love of country and gratitude fail among men we cannot cease to commemorate
the heroes and celebrate the battles by which our Constitution and Union were pre
served. From such commemoration and celebration patriots of this country will never
cease till these graves shall give up their dead. Nor will such celebrations be partici
pated in by the people of one section of our country alone. The day is not distant
when universal gratitude, North and South, to those who upon these fields preserved
our Constitution and perpetuated our Union, shall prevail everywhere throughout the
country ; and, if any men of this generation shall refuse to participate in or sym
pathize with such celebrations, their children and children's children, as they partici
pate in the glorious progress and greatness of the Republic, and rejoice under it in the
highest liberty of which civilized man is capable, will hereafter, as they visit this
Thermopylae of their country's history, drop tears of gratitude for the preservation
of the Union, here achieved.

Veterans of the NINTH regiment: If those are to be accounted fortunate who
through service to their country have been able to entitle themselves to the gratitude
of their countrymen, you and those who fought with you for the preservation of the
Union and who have survived to see this day are most fortunate. It is not likely that
in this generation another equal opportunity will be afforded for service to the
country on the field. A country reunited, prosperous, happy, progressive, and con
tented in the enjoyment of equal liberty is spread out before you, and the hum of its
free, joyous and happy industry greets you from every quarter of our great domain.
You have lived to see, rejoice and participate in the results of your work in the service
of your country ; and, if those who are permitted to die for their country are to be
accounted happy, surely they who have freely put life at hazard in their country's
cause, and have lived to see, as you, the result of their efforts and sacrifices in its
universal prosperity and happiness, cannot be accounted unhappy. You have done
well to set up this monument, — a record of your youthful devotion to constitutional
liberty. It will encourage those who shall come after you, to preserve and transmit by
similar service, when called for, the blessings of liberty which you have aided in trans
mitting to them ; and so it shall serve to convey the influence of your example to
those who shall occupy the places which in the ordinary course of nature you
must ere long leave vacant. You serve your country in thus perpetuating the
record of your early sacrifices in her behalf. The admonition of this monument
shall be to those who shall look upon it in all coming time : " If the liberties of your
country are in danger, enlist as volunteers promptly, and enlist for the War."

But this shaft in enduring stone and others like it which decorate and shall increas-

684 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

ingly decorate this field through coming time, are not the most lasting or most worthy
monuments to the victory here achieved. Monuments of brass or marble will yield to
the tooth of time and crumble to dust. The Government itself, which you here con
tributed to save and perpetuate, is the most fitting and most permanent monument to
the services which you and such as you here rendered for your country. The Govern
ment realizes and embodies protection and security for the equal liberty and rights of
man in the highest and best form yet wrought out in the experience of our race. It
is the last best hope for the advancement of man through self government. Under it
every power of the Nation and every power of the State is directed and consecrated to
the highest security and well-being of the individual citizen. The free and self-
directed prosperity, happiness and advancement of every State is part of the strength
and glory of the National Union, and that Union, which has its existence only in and
through the States, is given and can have no object for the exercise of its great and
National, though prescribed and delegated, powers, but the security of the citizens of
every State in the enjoyment of self-government under their own laws, in obedience to
the National Constitution, without interference from other States or from the outside
world. Mark this more than human security for human liberty and progress. It was
not wrought by man alone. The strength and power of the Nation thus become the
strength and power of every State, small or great, and of every citizen of every State
for its and his own protection and security, while every State is a free self-govern
ing community, within and under the Constitution of the country, with the respon
sibility for the advancement and welfare of its own people by such laws as their
own wishes and wisdom may determine. Each State is thus in competition with
every other State in the advancement and perfection of its laws, and the prosperity
and happiness of its own people. A mistake in one, by unwise legislation, affects
no other State, except as a warning, and when proved a mistake is soon repealed ;
each real advance made and proved valuable in any State soon becomes the property
of all by imitation or improvement. No system of government ever before existed
equally capable of promoting and securing rapid and safe advancement in civilization
for a great and free Nation, occupying a vast extent of territory, with varying wants
and necessities arising from variety of climate, production and employment ; and noth
ing in the experience of the world gives assurance or hope that a better system of
government for a great, free and progressive Nation can ever exist.

It may be safely said that since the adoption of the Federal Constitution, the
people of the United States, through their local State governments, have made more
rapid progress in perfection of laws affecting and securing just and equal rights than
any other portion of the world. Nor will it be doubted that this system of govern
ment, born of the American Constitution, will be found adequate for any degree of
advancement in law and liberty of which man shall be capable. It was the over
throw of such a government which you and those who fought with you on this field
successfully resisted. This Government, then, I repeat, with all its vast possibilities
for good to your own country, and to the world, in commending and assuring free
self-goverment to mankind, shall be the fitting, undying monument to those whose
valor and blood gave it triumph and perpetuity on this field.

But, fellow citizens, we may not tarry long upon this battle-field, great and glorious
as were its achievements and as are its memories. The call to duty is to our own
places as citizens of the Republic in fhe great march of peace. Commemorations of
past events, however important, are chiefly valuable as incentives and motives giving
purpose, courage and strength for present and future duty. It cannot be doubted that

MOXU3IENT AT GETTYSBURG, PA.

1888 THE MONUMENT. 685

this Republic holds the advance of human progress in development of free self-gov
ernment for mankind. Trustees of all achieved by our fathers in this cause, the
weight of our responsibility is increased by all the blood and treasure poured out on
this and other fields in the war we here recall. The declaration, " Government of the
people, for the people, and by the people, shall not perish from the earth," thundered
from this field, has been heard round the world and will go down the ages. Until the
Government of this great Republic, born of the American Constitution, shall depart
from its purpose and fail of the end for which it was created, self-government cannot
fail, but is within reach of all mankind having virtue to appreciate and maintain it.
All hail, then, the future with its problems of state. However many and difficult,
these shall all be solved when reached as the highest good of this great people shall
require, and this " Government of the people, for the people, and by the people," shall
conduct this and future generations who are to occupy our places to as high develop
ment and achievement as shall be permitted to man under human government.

When the applause succeeding Mr. Potter's oration had
partially subsided, Conterno's musicians played " Dixie."
Then Chaplain Roe pronounced the benediction, after which
the NINTH reformed their ranks and fired three volleys of
blank cartridge as a salute to the monument, and the exercises

were ended.

Upon the East face of the shaft (see the engraving facing
page 684), is inscribed in the granite :

2ND BRIG.

2ND DlV. 1ST CORPS.

Below this is the circular bronze plate bearing the coat of
arms of the State of New York, and below that, cut in the
granite :

83RD N. Y. VOLS.

NINTH

REGIMENT.

N. Y. S. M.— N. G. S. N. Y.

Upon the West face is the circular bronze plate bearing the
regimental badge, a Maltese Cross with the figure 9 in the
centre, surrounded by the motto " Ratione Aut Vt" in a circle.
In the arms of the cross are the letters N. G. S. N. Y. Below
this is inscribed in the granite :

686 THE NINTH NEW YORK.

VOLUNTEERED APRIL IQTII, AND MUSTERED
INTO U. S. SERVICE, JUNE STII, 1861.

Officers and enlisted men . . . 2278
Killed, died of wounds or disease . 261
Wounded 4.2;

* O

Promoted, discharged, etc i 764

Mustered out, June 23d, 1864 . . . 253

Upon the North face a bronze tablet contains the following-
engagements :

Fitzhugh's Crossing . . . Va.

Chancellorsville .... Va.

Gettysburg ..... Pa.

Mine Run Va.

Wilderness ..... Va.

Laurel Hill Va.

Spottsylvania ..... Va.

North Anna River .... Va.

Cold Harbor . . . . . Va.

Below the bronze is cut in the st9ne the following:

JULY 2ND AND 313, 1863.

AT ZIEGLER'S GROVE ;
ALSO SUPPORTED BATTERIES
WlTII IITII, I2TII AND 2ND CORPS.

The South face contains also a bronze plate with the
following inscriptions :

Harper's Ferry .... Va.

Cedar Mountain .... Va

Rappahannock . . . Va.

Thoroughfare Gap .... Va.

Second Bull Run Va.

1888 THE MONUMENT. 68/.

Chantilly Va.

South Mountain .... Md.

Antietam Md.

Fredericksburg . . . Va.

Below the bronze plate is cut in the stone the following:

ENGAGED ON Tins GROUND

JULY IST, 1863, i TO 3 p. M.

ASSISTING IN CAPTURE OF IVERSON'S N. C. BRIG.

Upon each of the four sides of the shaft, near the top, is
the badge of the First Corps, a disc, cut in the stone and
polished.

After the ceremony the regiment marched back to the camp,
while the veterans returned to the town in time for a late sup
per. The evening was all too short, for the veterans were to
leave at ten o'clock on their return home. It was pleasing to
notice the manner in which old comrades greeted each other
whenever acquaintances happened to meet — " Well ! Well ! You
here ? How are you anyhow !" and such hand-shaking as would
follow ! Then they would fall to recounting their experience
on the field ; after that inquiries would be made as to their life
since the war, and their present habitation, business, etc., etc.—
then would, follow an exchange of cards with mutual invitations
to call on each other in New York, Boston or Chicago.

Shortly after ten o'clock the Veteran Association, in their
special train, rolled out of Gettysburg, each member full of the
proud consciousness of duty well performed, and more than
satisfied at the successful completion of their great undertaking.
At half-past nine the next morning, July 2nd, the train arrived
at Jersey City, and the veterans were soon at their homes in
New York and Brooklyn.

688 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

CHAPTER XXXV.

REUNION OF THE BLUE AND THE GRAY.
1888 (CONTINUED). GETTYSBURG (CONCLUDED.)

How the Regiment was Rationed. — The NINTH Escorts the Society of the Army of
the Potomac to Its Meeting. — The Boys visit the Field. — The Reunion of the
Blue and the Gray. — Account of the " Love Feast."— Speeches of Generals Sickles,
Gordon, Beaver, Hooker, ex-Governor Curtin, Generals Longstreet, Slocum and
Curtis. — Reception in the Evening. — Review in Honor of General Robinson. —
The Exercises at the Cemetery on July 2d. — Poem of Mr. George Parsons Lath-
rop. — Oration by George William Curtis. — Close of the Reunion. — The Regiment
Leaves for Home. — Arrival at New York. — Acknowledgments of Faithful Ser
vice. — Register of Veterans Present at Gettysburg. — Register of Commissioned
Officers and Strength of the Regiment on July 4th. — Annual Inspections from
1859 to 1888 Inclusive. — Grand Register of Commissioned Officers of the Regi
ment fr"om 1859 to 1888.

TO return now to the regiment which we left at the camp
near the Springs Hotel at Gettysburg. The boys were
fed by contract — that is, a caterer from Carlisle had been
engaged to furnish food to the regiment, officers and men alike,
at so much a meal per head. Of course there were some who
grumbled because the coffee was not stronger and the butter
weaker, because the morning's steak was not cooked enough,
or too " well done," or so tough that a piece of sole leather
would have been easier masticated. Then some had to wait
too long before being helped; others didn't like to drink out
of tin cups or eat off of tin plates ; others wanted napkins, and
some finger bowls. After the first day, however, matters regu
lated themselves, and the chronic grumblers found themselves
in such a helpless minority that they kept quiet. Colonel
Seward set a good example to all the officers, and men too, by
appearing promptly at the general mess tent, taking his regu
lar rations and successfully making believe that he liked them.
He was ably supported by Lieut-Colonel Rand, who appeared
to enj'oy the " discussion " of the Menu as much as though he

1888 TIIK IM.ri: AND 'I 1 1 K CRAY. 689

was "going through " a more elaborate one at the St. Cloud
Hotel.

The meetings of the several corps of the Society of the
Army of the Potomac were held in the Rink in town between
ten and eleven o'clock in the morning, that of the society at
three o'clock in the afternoon of Monday the 2nd. At the
appointed time the NINTH formed line, and, marching to the.
Springs Hotel, received the officers and members of the Army
of the Potomac society, whom it, together with the various
detachments of the regular army which were on the ground,
escorted to the rostrum in the National Cemetery; where the
grand Reunion of the Blue and the Gray took place. From
the columns of the New York Tribune we cut the following
account of that notable gathering :

The fever point of the enthusiasm which will make this battle celebration a notable
patriotic memory was reached this afternoon when the veterans of the Blue ami the
Gray met as hosts and guests on the grassy slopes of the National Cemetery, and the
chosen orators on both sides told in glowing phrases amid a din of cheers how the
hate and rancor of a quarter of a century ago had vanished and the North and tin-
South could again clasp hands under one flag in hearty fellowship and peace. Politics
had no part in this fraternal demonstration, nor the sentimentality that would hide the
vital issues of the war under an affectation of complete forgetfulness. The feeling on
all sides was one of frank cordiality, of soldierly welcome, of genuine satisfaction that
the war had ended twenty-three years ago, as it did, and that the gallant survivors of
both armies could stroll about as friends on the field that their bravery and steadfast
ness had made famous. Preparations for this friendly meeting had been on foot for
two days, and the vast crowd filled the broad open space in front of the cemetery
rostrum even far beyond the reach of any speaker's voice. The heartiness and
unanimity of the applause, the perfect good order and good nature of the assemblage,
all bore witness to the prevailing spirit of the day. Every time the blue and gray
appeared entwined the colors were greeted with a cheer; " Dixie Land " and " Yankee
Doodle " were the melodies the listeners demanded. A " Yank " and a " Johnny " arm
in arm set all the crowd applauding.

Twenty thousand people tried to push their way into the pretty cemetery. Ten
thousand more hung around the granite walls which fence in its close-shaven lawns
and long glistening lines of whitish head-stones. They could not see the ceremonies
or hear the speeches, but there they stood, patient and enthusiastic, waiting only for
the roll of applause from within to break into a rousing cheer of their own.
******

Once in the cemetery, the rank and file of the veterans took their places on the
lawn and the dignitaries mounted the rostrum. Besides the speakers, there were
present among a hundred or more well-known men : General Longstreet, General
Slocum, Generals Carr, Richardson, Robinson, Nugent, Graham, T remain and Bar-

690 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

num, of New York ; ex-Senator Warner Miller ; ex-Governor Hartranft, of Pennsyl
vania; Generals Berclan, Fairchild, Greene and Beaver; Major Rea, the commander-
in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic ; General N. Martin Curtis, Commander
of the Department of New York, Grand Army of the Republic ; Colonel Bachelder,
of Boston; General Grant, of Vermont; General S. Wylie Crawford, of the United
States Army ; ex-Governors Smith and Holbrook, of Vermont ; Governor Ormsbee,
of Vermont ; the Rev. Dr. Twichell, of Hartford ; Colonel Parsons, of Virginia ;
General Hooker, of Mississippi ; George William Curtis, Orlando B. Potter, General
George H. Sharpe, and ex-Governor Curtin, of Pennsylvania.

General John C. Robinson called the vast assemblage to order and introduced
General Sickles as the presiding officer. He called on the Rev. Dr. Twichell for a
prayer, and then read from the type-written sheets a signally appropriate and striking
speech. He was applauded throughout, and when at the end he called on the vet
erans of both aimies to unite in a pledge to the perpetuity of the Nation and the
•defence of the flag, there was a sounding chorus of ayes, then a burst of cheering in
which the sharp note of the " Rebel yell " rang out even above the Yankee " hip, hip,
hurrah."

From the Report of the Proceedings of the Society the fol
lowing is taken. General Sickles said :

This assembly marks an epoch. You are survivors of two great armies. You and
your comrades fought here the decisive battle of a long and terrible Civil War.
Twenty-five years have passed, and now the combatants of 1863 come together again,
on your old field of battle, to unite in pledges of love and devotion to one constitution,
one Union, and one flag. To-day there are no victors, no vanquished. As Americans
we may all claim a common share in the glories of this battle-field. Memorable for
so many brilliant feats of arms, no stain rests on the colors of any battalion, battery,
or troop that contended here for victory. Gallant Buford, who began the battle, and
brave Pickett, who closed the struggle, fitly represent the intrepid hosts that for three,
days rivaled each other in titles to martial renown. Among the hundreds of memorial
structures on this field, there is not one bearing an inscription that wounds the suscep
tibilities of an honorable and gallant foe.

This meeting is a historical event. We dedicate here on this battle-field to-day an
altar sacred to peace and tranquility and union. We sow the seeds of friendship
between communities and States, and populations once hostile are now reconciled.
We all share in the rich harvest reaped by the whole country, North and South, East
and West, from the new America born on this battle-field, where the Republic conse
crated her institutions to liberty and justice.

It is sometimes said that it is not wise to perpetuate the memories of Civil War,
and such was the Roman maxim. But our Civil War was not a mere conspiracy
against a ruler ; it was not the plot of a soldier to oust a rival from power; it was not
a pronunciamento. The conflict of 1861-65 was a War of institutions and s>stems
and politics. It was a revolution, ranking in importance with the French revolution
•of the eighteenth century and with the English revolution of the seventeenth, universal
in its beneficent influence upon the destinies of this country, and ineffaceable in the
footprints it made in the path of our national progress. The memories of such a War
are as indestructible as our civilization. The names of Lincoln, and Lee, and Grant,

1888 EXTRACTS FROM ADDRESSES. 691

and Jackson can never he effaced from our annals. The valor and fortitude and
achievements of both armies, never surpassed in any age, demand a record in American
history. And now that time and thought, common sense and common interests,
have softened all the animosities of War, we may bury them forever, while we cherish
and perpetuate as Americans the immortal heritage of honor belonging to a Republic
that became imperishable when it became free.

The War of 1861-65 was our heroic age. It demonstrated the vitality of repub
lican institutions. It illustrated the martial spirit and resources and genius of the
American soldier and sailor. It was a war in which sentiments and ideas dominated
interests. The lavish sacrifices of blood and treasure, the unyielding tenacity of the
combatants, the constancy and firmness of the people on both sides, men and women,
old and young, rich and poor, signalized the great conflict as the heroic age of the
republic. We now see that the obstinacy of the War on both sides compelled a settle
ment of all the elements of disunion between the North and South. An earlier
peace might have been a mere truce, to be followed by recurring hostilities. We
fought until the furnace of War melted all our discords and moulded us in one homo
geneous nation. Let us all be devoutly thankful that God has spared us to witness
and to share the blessings bestowed by Providence upon our country as the compen
sation for countless sacrifices made to establish on just and firm foundations a govern
ment of the people, by the people, and for the people.

For myself I rejoice that I am here to-day to meet so many comrades and so many
foes, and to unite with all of you in pledges of friendship and fraternity. And now
I ask you one and all, the survivors of the blue and the gray, to affirm with one voice
our unanimous resolve to maintain our Union, preserve our institutions, and defend
our flag.

[For several minutes after General Sickles ceased speaking,
cheers and yells from the vast audience filled the air, giving
good evidence that those present were in hearty accord with
the words uttered.]

Gen. Sickles introduced Gen. J B. Gordon, who spoke on behalf of the ex-Confed
erates. As his swinging sentences, eloquent and ringing, were uttered, there was fre
quent applause. Gen. Gordon said :

Mr. President and Fellow-Soldiers : I greet you to-night with far less trepidation
and infinitely more pleasure than in the early days of July, 1863, when I last met you
at Gettysburg. I came then, as now, to meet the soldiers of the Union Army. It
would be useless to attempt utterance of the thoughts which now thrill my spirit. The
temptation is to draw the contrast between the scenes which then were witnessed and
those which greet us here to-night ; to speak of the men with whom I then marched,
and of those whom we met ; of those who have survived to meet again twenty-five
years later, and of those who here fought and fell; of the contrast made by this mass
of manly cordiality and good fellowship with the long lines of dusty uniforms which
then stood in battle array beneath bristling bayonets and spread ensigns, moving in
awful silence and with sullen tread to grapple each other in deadly conflict. I would
speak of all these, and of the motives which impelled each, of the swaying tides of
the three days' battles, of the final Federal victory, and of its preponderating influence

692 THE NINTH NEW YORK. i88&

in turning the scales of war, but the nature of the pleasing duty assigned me forbids
this.

There is, however, one suggestion which dominates my thought at this hour, to
present which I ask brief indulgence. Of all the martial virtues, the one which is per
haps more characteristic of the truly brave is the virtue of magnanimity. " My fair
est earldom would I give to bid Chan Alpine's chieftain live," was the noble senti
ment attributed to Scotland's magnanimous monarch, as he stood gazing into the face
of his slain antagonist. That sentiment, immortalized by Scott in his musical and
martial verse, will associate for all time the name of Scotland's king with those of the
great spirits of the past. How grand the exhibitions of the same generous impulses
that characterize the victors upon this memorable field !

My fellow-countrymen of the North, if 1 may be permitted to speak for those
whom I represent, let me assure you that in the profoundest depths of their nat'ire
they reciprocate that generosity with all the manliness and sincerity of which brave
men are capable. In token of that sincerity, they join in consecrating for annual
patriotic pilgrimage these historic heights, which drank such copious draughts of
American blood, poured so freely in discharge of duty, as each conceived it, a Mecca
for the North which so grandly defended it, a Mecca for the South which so bravely
and persistently stormed it. We join you in setting apart this land as an enduring
monument of peace, brotherhood, and perpetual union. I repeat the thought with
additional emphasis, with singleness of heart and of purpose, in the name of a com
mon country and of universal human liberty, and by the blood of our fallen brothers,
we unite in the solemn consecration of these battle-hallowed hills as a holy, eternal
pledge of fidelity to the life, freedom and unity of this cherished republic.

I am honored to-night in being selected to introduce one of the distinguished
representatives of that spirit of magnanimity of which I have spoken. I present to
you a soldier without fear, reproach or malice ; a soldier whose blood was spilled, and
whose body was mained, though then but a boy, while he bravely and gladly obeyed
his country's commands. I introduce to you a statesman whose services are distin
guished, and whose record is stainless. I introduce to you a patriot whose extended
hand and generous heart are ever open to all his countrymen. Soldier, statesman,
patriot, I present them all in the person of General-Governor James A. Beaver, of
Pennsylvania.

The introduction of Gov. Beaver and the glowing tribute that was paid him as
soldier, statesman, and patriot was the signal for another outburst of applause and
three hearty cheers. The Governor stood resting on his crutches just behind a scroll
bearing the immortal words of Lincoln's Gettysburg speech, and the national monu
ment itself, at whose dedication those words were uttered, looked clown upon the
gathering from a little distance, In his address of welcome, Governor Beaver said

Men who wore the Gray : I have been commissioned by my comrades of the
Society of the Army of the Potomac— men who wore the blue — to address you in
their behalf a few words of simple and sincere welcome. I might content myself
with expressing the cordial feeling which prompted the invitation in obedience to
which you are here as our guests to-day. Those who commissioned me to speak for
them, as well as you, will, however, expect something more. It is perhaps clue to
them, to you, and to the country at large, which views with interest the unique
spectacle which we present, that something more should be said in order that it may
be seen and understood of all men that we can talk frankly and fully of what has
passed, while we enjoy the present and resolutely and unitedly face the future. A gener-

1888 GENERALS GORDON AND BEAVER. 693

ation ago \ve lived together as citizens of one country, subject to the provisions
of a compact which had been made three-quarters of a century before by our fore
fathers. In accordance with what you considered its fair and just interpretation, and
the agreement being itself, as you supposed, inadequate to protect you in certain
rights of property, you determined to annul it so far as you were concerned ; to with
draw yourselves from the binding force of its provisions, and to erect a separate and
independent government, based for the most part upon the same principles, but pro
viding for the rights of property and your views of interpretation. There was more
or less of intense feeling involved ; and yet I think I speak the words of truth and
soberness when I say that so far as we were concerned there was nothing of personal
animosity or bitterness or hate involved in the contest.

My own case is that which will, doubtless, illustrate many, many similar ones. My
mother lived in Pennsylvania. She had three boys who wore the blue. Her only
.sister, and the only other child of her father, lived in Virginia. Her three boys wore
the gray. They served in the army of Northern Virginia ; we served for the most
part in the Army of the Potomac. Our deadly shots were aimed at each other in
many battles of the War in which these two armies confronted each other. Did that
fact, think you, obliterate the love which those sisters bore to each other, or that which
animated their sons ? Nay, verily. On our side the war was one of principles, of
abstract ideas largely. On your side we admit, with your views of what was to bt
expected in the future, your property rights and private interests were directly
involved ; and hence the more intense feeling and ardor which you displayed. It is
.sufficient for our present purpose that the sword, to whose dread arbitrament you had
submitted, decided against you, and that your representative and ours so agreed at
Appomattox. The questions involved are now no longer at issue ; that issue was
settled and settled forever. The judgment of the court of last resort was pronounced.
Your representative — honorable man that he was — accepted it for you. You as honor
able men have stood by and are bound to stand by the decision. We as honorable
men are bound to see to it that that decision is respected, and that you shall not be
called upon to admit more or to promise more than is involved in the decision.

Upon this platform we meet here to-day. Upon this platform we stand as citizens
of a common country. In standing upon it we claim no superiority over you: you
admit no inferiority to us. If such a feeling struggled for a place in our hearts, the
Issues of this field should determine that question. You are our equals in courage,
•our equals in perseverance, our equals in intelligence, our equals in all that constitutes
and dignifies and adorns the American character. You are Americans, and so are we.
The men and the women who remained in the rear, who took no immediate and active
part in the contest on your side and on ours, have more to say about the decision and
what is involved in the decision, and are more determined and outspoken in their
demands, than are we. They are doubtless trembling lest something should be said
or clone here to-day which may unsettle the decision of the sword and annul its stern
•decrees.

But, my countrymen, our care need not be as to the past. Its record is made up, its
decrees are recorded, its judgment is final. You and I have something to do with the
future. Our faces are to be resolutely turned to the front. I see a grand future for
my country. Do I say my country ? Your country, our country, North and South.
Oh, my countrymen of the gray and of the blue, and you, young men, who wore
neither gray nor blue, these are the questions about which we should be concerned ;

694 TIIE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

and because the consideration of these questions is pressing and imminent, we who
wore the blue have invited you men who wore the gray to join us here on this historic
field. We welcome you because we need you. We welcome you because you need
us. We welcome you because we together must enter in and possess this future and
transmit this heritage to the on-coming generations. Are we ready? Are you ready ?
If so, let the dead past bury its dead.

[A repetition of mingled cheers and yells followed this
masterly address. After reading a telegram from Mrs. Geo.
E. Pickett, regretting her inability to be present, and in which
she echoed the sentiments of loyalty uttered by the speakers,
General Sickles introduced General Charles E. Hooker, of
Mississippi, who was selected to respond to Governor Beaver's
address, in place of Chaplain McCabe, of Richmond, Va.
General Hooker said :]

Mr. President : Since I came upon the stand you have invited me to fill the
place of the gentleman to whom was assigned the pleasant duty of responding to the
eloquent address of welcome just pronounced by Governor Beaver, of Pennsylvania,
to the guests you have invited to be present at this reunion of the Army of the
Potomac.

The broad and catholic spirit of the resolutions introduced by the honored presi
dent of this meeting, General Sickles, to the men of the Confederate army to meet you
on this hard-fought battle-field of the war between the States, has prompted my pres
ence here, and brought many of the veterans on either side together in amicable re
union.

Had it been left to the brave officers and men engaged in the war, peace and quiet,
reunion, and cordial fraternization would long since have been established.

No saying is nearer the truth than that of General Scott at the beginning of the
war, that " it would take an army to restrain the non-combatants after the war was
over."

Mr. President, it is not the first time in the history of the English-speaking people
that Anglo-Saxon blood has been shed by Anglo-Saxon hands. The love of liberty,
devotion to home rule, and community independence has ever been the ruling trait in
the Anglo-Saxon race. It displayed itself when the barons assembled on the banks of
Runnymede and extorted from King John the Magna Charta of freedom. It again
came to the front when our ancestors made " The Declaration of Rights," and again
when they passed " The Bill of Rights," and again when our revolutionary sires met
at old Independence Hall in the city of Philadelphia and made that solemn declara
tion :

" That these colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States."

This declaration thundered o'er the continent, and our fathers endured the hard
ships and trials and bloodshed of the seven years' war of the revolution to make good
this declaration. It was devotion to these underlying principles of home rule and
community independence that in a large degree led to the war between the States.

Men differed as to the construction of the Constitution. The war of words culmin-

i888 GENERAL CHARLES K. HOOKER. 695

atcd in wager of battle, and nowhere was the valor of the contending armies more
conspicuously displayed than on the battle-field on which we stand to-day — a reunited
people.

It must not be forgotten, Mr. President, that it was the valor of the private soldier
that forged the epaulets that marked the rank of the men who led them in battle.

Shall we of the Confederacy, who delight to recall the brilliant and dashing charge
of Pickett, the less admire the stubborn and successful resistencv of the " Iron Bri
gade "? They were all Americans, and the American heart is large enough, and
American history true enough, to record the valor of all, and claim it as a common
heritage.

The war settled the question of the right of States to secede, but when a recon
struction was to be had, arms could not accomplish it, force could not do it, and the
principle of home rule and community independence again appeared in that memora
ble decision of the Supreme Court of the United States when that august tribunal
declared :

" That this was an indissoluble Union of indestructible States."

The men who wore the blue and the men who wore the gray stand here to-day-
citizens of a common country, represented by a common flag.

" Grim-visaged war hath smoothed his wrinkled front," and the white-winged mes-
engers of peace have touched the bosom of our common mother — the earth, and all
nature smiles in this early July day with the bounteous gifts of God to man.

Why should we not meet here in amity and concord to-day to mark the places
where our heroes sleep, where brave men met brave men, and place monuments to
their memory? The ploughshare of peace has effaced the terrible lines of battle. Hut
on neither side can we forget the valor of the men who died for what they thought
was right.

We should be something more or less than men and women could we forget the
perils encountered, the hardships endured, and the blood shed for us by the boys who
wore the blue and the boys who wore the gray. Their last syllabled utterances as
they fell on this and many another distant battle-field as their pale lips froze in death
perchance murmured our names. No ! their memories must be ever cherished, not in
hatei but in love; and as we go from this field let us feel nerved anew for the struggle
of life and the development of our glorious country.

The speaker was a most impassioned orator and made some
telling points in his speech. He dwelt, perhaps, a little too
long upon a discussion of State Rights, but his remarks were
Avill received, and when he said that while in congress, with ex-
Governor Curtin, he was one of the first to vote for pensions
to Union veterans, the old war governor nodded a hearty
assent. When General Hooker sat down the audience called
loudly and long for Curtin ! Curtin ! Finally the old governer
faced the sea of upturned faces, and for half an hour kept his
hearers in excellent humor by his reminiscences of a quarter of
a century ago.

696 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

General Slocum was introduced after repeated calls from
many of his old soldiers. His remarks were brief, but were
listened to with eagerness and frequently interrupted by
applause.

General Longstreet was then presented. Among other
things he said that he faced the Boys in Blue here with far less
trepidation than he did twenty-five years ago ; he, however, had
donned the " Blue " many years ago, and had felt quite at
home in it for a long time.

General N. Martin Curtis, was introduced by General
Sickles as the " Hero of Fort Fisher," and was received with a
burst of generous applause. General Curtis spoke for about
ten minutes, paying a soldier's tribute to the valor of the men
who had made this field the turning point of the war, eulogiz
ing the heroism of the men who wore the Gray, as well as those
who wore the Blue, and expressing his heartfelt thanks to
Providence that now the antagonists could meet upon the same
ground in a friendly embrace as fellow-citizens of one common
and free Republic. His remarks were listened to with great
attention and were loudly cheered when he sat down.

When General Curtis concluded his remarks one of the
veterans in the audience was heard to remark to the lady who
accompanied him : " Well, I guess they have shot off all their
big guns, let us go," and that seemed to be the feeling of a
great many, for nearly all had stood on their feet during the
speaking.

The exercises had been interspersed with several selections
of music by Conterno's band, and just as the sun was sinking
behind the South Mountain range the benediction was pro
nounced by the Rev. Dr. McKnight, president of the Lutheran
Seminary, and the large audience quietly dispersed.

At the cemetery gate the NINTH, with the other military
bodies, re-formed and escorted the dignitaries back to the
Springs Hotel.

In the evening a reception was held at the Hotel, and was
attended by several hundred persons, among whom were most
of the prominent visitors present. Dancing wound up the

i888 SECOND SESSION'. 697

festivities, which were continued until an early hour the follow
ing morning.

At ten o'clock on the morning of the 3d, Colonel Seward
tendered a review to General Robinson. The regiment
appeared at its best and the old Division Commander seemed
well pleased with the honors conferred upon him.

At two o'clock in the afternoon the regiment again escorted
the Army of the Potomac Society to the cemetery, where the
final ceremonies of the reunion were to be held. The Tribune
of the next day said :

The reunion of Union and Confederate veterans came practically to an end to-day
with the formal exercises on the cemetery rostrum. George William Curtis was the
orator, and his speech scarcely fell short of the reputation he won, long ago, as a mas
ter of polished, graceful eloquence. George Parsons Lathrop sent a battle poem, full
of stirring verses and finely turned periods. It was the rough-and-tumble, impromptu
oratory of the last three clays melted and refined ; the finest metal run into pure literary
and artistic mould. Both speech and poem, one might perhaps say, were worthy of
the day and place, the anniversary of the decisive victory for the preservation of the
Union and the plot of ground immortalized by Lincoln's words. The exercises were
held in the middle of the afternoon, and the hot sun beamed as fiercely as it did on the
final battle-day in 1863. The members of the Society of the Army of the Potomac
paraded through the streets again, through dust two inches deep, but the enthusiasm
which had flared up to a fever heat on Tuesday was still unabated, and the veterans
tramped through it all without a murmur. The regular troops, infantry, cavalry and
<irtillery, about 400 strong, were at the head of the line; next to them came the NINTH
New York, Colonel Seward commanding, with Conterno's full band.

The carriages for the guests were not so numerous, and some of those who figured
prominently on the platform yesterday were missing. Governor Gordon and Governor
Beaver had gone home. So had many of the New Yorkers who came on for the dedi
cation of their monuments. Generals George H. Sharpe and Horatio C. King, of New
York, had charge of the arrangements at the rostrum. General John C. Robinson
presided, and in the chairs were General Longstreet : Generals Sickles, F. C. Bar
low, Carr, Slocum, Richardson, Graham, Burke and Nugent of New York; General
Fairchild, of Wisconsin ; Major Rea, Commander-in-Chief, and General N. Martin
Curtis, cgmmander of the Dept. of N. Y. Grand Army of the Republic ; ex-Senator
Warner Miller, ex-Governor Curtin, of Pennsylvania ; General Berdan, the Rev. Mr.
Twichell, of Hartford ; General S. Wylie Crawford, U. S. A., the Rev. Theodore C.
Williams, of New York; General Greene and ex-Governor Holbrook, of Vermont.
General Robinson called the assembly to order after a crowd had massed itself on the
green lawn stretching from the rostrum far down the cemetery. There was applause
tor the one-legged veteran, who spoke briefly and then called on Mr. Twichell to offer
prayer. After the prayer, General Robinson announced that Mr. Lathrop could not
come to the field in person, but had sent on the poem, extracts from which would be
read by General King.

698 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

The following" are extracts from the poem :

Hail, victors, living, with laureled brow,

And you that sleep beneath the sward !
Your song was poured from cannon throats :
It rang in deep-tongued bugle-notes :
Your triumph came ; you won your crown,
The grandeur of a world's renown.
But, in our later lays,
Full freighted with your praise,
Fair memory harbors those whose lives, laid down
In gallant faith and generous heat,

Gained only sharp defeat.
All are at peace, who once so fiercely •warred :
Brother and brother, now, we chant a common chord.

******

Lucid, pure, and calm and blameless

Dawned on Gettysburg the day
That should make the spot, once fameless,

Known to nations far away.
Birds were caroling, and farmers

Gladdened o'er their garnered hay,
When the clank of gathering armies

Broke the morning's peaceful sway;
And the living lines of foemen

Drawn o'er pasture, brook am! hill.
Formed in figures weird of omen

That should work with mystic will
Measures of a direful magic —

Shattering, maiming — and should fill
Glades and gorges with a tragic

Madness of desire to kill.
Skirmishers flung lightly forward

Moved like scythemen skilled to sweep
Westward o'er the field and nor'ward,

Deatii's first harvest there to reap.
You would say the soft, white smoke puffs

Were but languid clouds asleep,
Here oa meadows, there on oak bluffs,

Fallen foam of Heaven's blue deep.
Yet that blossom-white, outbreaking

Smoke wove many a martyr's shroud.
Reynolds fell, with soul xinquaking,

Ardent-eyed and open browed.
Noble men in humbler raiment

Fell where shot their graves had ploughed,
Dying not for paltry payment,

But for home, for honor proud.

1888 POEM BY GEORGE PARSONS LAT1IROP. 699

What of Barlow and of Gordon

Locked in fierce and deadly clench?
Buford, with his troopers — warden

Of the key — who will not blench ?
Fairchild's firm Wisconsin marchers,

Meredith's Iron Brigade, who quench
Davis' hell-fire wild and Archer's?
The First Corps fought the field, and filled the trench (

Mute Seminary there,

Filled once with resonant hymn and prayer,
How your meek walls and windows shuddered then !

Though Doubleday stemmed the flood,
McPherson's Wood and Willoughby's Run
Saw ere the set of sun
The light of the gospel of blood.
And, on the morrow again,
Loud the unholy psalm of battle

Burst from the tortured Devil's Den,
In cries of men and musketry rattle
Mixed with the helpless bellow of cattle
Torn by artillery, clown in the glen ;
While, hurtling through the branches
Of the orchard by the road,
Where Sickles and Birney were walled with steel,

Shot fiery avalanches

That shivered hope and made the sturdiest reel.
Yet peach-bloom bright as April saw

Blushed there anew, in blood that flowed
O'er faces white with death-dealt awe ;

And ruddy flowers of warfare grew
Where withering winds as of the desert blew,
Far at the right, when Ewell and Early,
Plunging at Wadsworth aud Slocum and Greene,
Thundered in onslaught consummate and surly,

Till trembling nightfall crept between

And whispered of rest from the heat of the whelming strife.
But unto those forsaken of ]ife
What has the night to say?
Crushed in a costly dew they lie,
Silent beneath the moony sky,
Freed from earth's dull tyranny.

Once more the sun deploys his rays :
Third in the trilogy of battle days
The awful Friday comes ;

•« * * *

y'OO THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

All is quiet till one o'clock ;
Then the hundred and fifty guns,
Metal loaded with metal in tons,
Massed by Lee, send out their shock.
And with a movement magnificent,
Pickett, the golden haired leader,
Thousands and thousands flings onward, as if he sent

Merely a meek intercede!'.
Steadily sure his division advances.
Gay as the light on its weapons that dances,

Agonized screams of the shell

The doom that it carries foretell :
Rifle balls whistle, like sea birds singing ;
Limbs are severed, and souls set winging ;

Yet Pickett's warriors never waver.
Show me in all the world anything braver
Than the bold sweep of his fearless battalions.

Three half-miles over ground unsheltered

Up to the cannon, where regiments weltered
Prone in the batteries blast that raked
Swaths of men, and flame-tongued drank
Their blood with eager thirst unslaked.

Armistead, Kemper and Pettigrew
Rush on the Union men, rank against rank.
Planting their battle-flags high on the crest.
Pause not the soldiers, nor dream they of rest.
Till they fall with their enemy's guns at the breast
And the shriek in their ears of the wounded artillery stallions.

So Pickett charged, a man indued
With knightly power to lead a multitude
And bring to fame the scarred surviving few.

In vain the mighty endeavor ;
In vain the immortal valor ;
In vain the insurgent life outpoured !
Down went that line, 'neath fire and sword,
Its bright hope blanched with sudden pallor.
But Meade stood firm ; and volley on volley roared
" Triumphant Union soon to be restored,
Strong to defy all foes and fears forever !"
The Ridge was wreathed with angry fire
As flames rise round a martyr's stake ;
Heroes were offered on that pyre,

Who perished for our dear land's sake.
Far up in heaven the gray clouds flew
And mingled with the deathless blue ;
While here, below, the blue and gray
Melted mingling away,
Mirroring heaven to make another day.

1 888 EXTRACTS FROM POEM. 7OI

And we, who are Americans, we pray

The splendor of strength that Gettysburg knew
May light the long generations with glorious ray,
And keep us undyingly true !

*****

Dear are the dead we weep for ;

Dear are the strong hearts broken !
Proudly their memory we keep for

Our help and hope ; a token
Of sacred thought too deep for

Words that leave it unspoken.
All that we know of fairest.

All that we have of meetest,
Here we lay down for the rarest
Doers whose souls rose fleetest
And in homes of air rest,

Ranked with the truest and sweetest.
Days, with fiery-hearted, bold advances ;

Nights in dim and shadowy, swift retreat;
Rains that rush with bright, embattled lances •

Thunder, booming round your stirless feet ; —
Winds that set the orchard with sweet fancies

All abloom, or ripple the ripening wheat :
Moonlight, starlight, on your mute graves falling ;

Dew, distilled as tears unbidden flow ; —
Dust of drought in drifts and layers crawling ;

Lulling dreams of softly whispering snow ;
Happy birds, from leafy coverts calling ; —

These go on, yet none of these you know ;
Hearing not our human voices
Speaking to you all in vain,
Nor the psalm of a land that rejoices,

Ringing from churches and cities and foundries a mighty refrain !
But the sun and the birds, and the frost, and the breezes that blow
When tempests are striving and lightnings of heaven are spent,
With one consent
Make unto them
Who died for us eternal requiem !

Two hostile bullets in mid-air
Together shocked,
And swift were locked
Forever in a firm embrace.
Then let us men have so much grace
To take the bullets' place,
And learn that we are held
By laws that weld
Our hearts together !

7O2 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

As once we battled hand to hand,
So hand in hand to-day we stand,
Sworn to each other,
Brother and brother.

In storm and mist, or calm, translucent weather :
And Gettysburg's guns, with their death-giving roar,
Echoed from ocean to ocean, shall pour
Quickening life to the nation's core ;

Filling our minds again
With'the spirit of those who wrought in the Field of the Flowers of Men.

Mr. Curtis was then introduced and the veterans cheered.
The Editor of the " Easy Chair" stood up alongside of the plat
form rails, holding tiny slips of his address in his right hand
and half-spoke, half-read his gracefully .phrased oration. The
scene was an inspiring one and the speaker felt it. The
beautiful valley lay below, seen through the trees. The lawn
stretched out on every side to rows of pine trees that shade the
burial plots, and over the tops of the firs and evergreens shone
the splendid image of victory on the National monument, its
marble outlines glittering in the sun. The vast audience was
perfectly still, and the orator's voice, husky at first, grew grad
ually firm and strong till one could hear it one hundred yards
away. There was frequent applause from the crowd and the
rostrum at the many simple and beautiful turns of Mr. Curtis's
speech, and he was warmly congratulated when he sat down.
Here is a part of what he said, which we cull from the report
in the New York Herald :

Even the civil war has but quickened and deepened our prosperous activities. Like
spring touched mountains of snow melting quietly into the earth, moistening and
fructifying the seed eager for the harvest, so tho?e mighty armies of the blue and the
gray marshall for the warfare of a generation, if such had been decreed, swiftly
and noiselessly disappeared, and all that military energy and discipline and skill,
streaming into a thousand industries, are as beneficent in peace as they were terrible
in war. What prouder spectacle is there for America, what vision could more worthily
stimulate devout gratitude in every American heart, than that of the States south of
the Potomac which, after the fierce and wasting stress of four years of war upon their
soil, after the total overthrow of their ancient industrial system, the destruction of
their wealth, the complete paralysis of their business energies, are rising together like
a brood of Titans, and under the inspiration of liberty, peace and assured union, are
renewing the wonderful tale of the earlier years of the century, the progress and
development of the Great West? The power and resource of those States in war

1888 GEORGE WILLIAM CURTIS. 703

seem to have revealed to them their unexpected skill and force in peace. The vigor,
the tenacity, the ability that contested victory upon this field for those three famous
days are now working the greater miracles of industrial enterprise. Never before was
the sword beaten into so vast a ploughshare nor the spear into so prodigious a pruning
hook.

The world's imperial deposit of iron has lain dormant for ages between the coal
and the limestone of Alabama, but only now has it proved more precious than a gold
mine. From the war desolated wilderness cities have suddenly sprung, humming
with workshops and a hundred trades, and startled Pennsylvania hears and wonders
while Alabama and Georgia smile in rivalry, and the flaring furnaces of Tennessee
challenge the ancient fires of the Lehigh and the Alleghanies. South Carolina nearly
doubles her manufactured products in seven years, and this year they will nearly equal
in value all the crops of the State, including rice and cotton. In seven years the as
sessed valuation of property in the twelve old Southern States has advanced nearly
one-third, while the rate of taxation is diminished. Thousands of new industries,
mining, manufacturing, commercial and agricultural, arise as in a newly discovered
or Jately settled land. To facilitate every enterprise railroads, thoroughly appointed,
penetrate the remotest valleys. The watercourses are richly burdened with a freight
hitherto unknown, and with new industries greater skill satisfies more various de
mands, opens wider commercial connections and more intimate social relations, and
establishes a higher and more opulent civilization. In all this glittering panorama the
happiest incident is due directly to the war. It is the blending of the capital, the
people, the energy, the experience, the skill and conviction of other States with those
of the Southern States which has produced this great result. Before the war this was
impossible. Ever deepening doubt and angrier divergence had consumed the heart
of the Union and only its form remained. This universal confidence and co-opera
tion, therefore, are in the truest sense the fruits of union. But fairer than all these, as
this smile of prosperity broadens over the awakening States, is the fact that labor
itself becomes free and slaves are transformed to citizens. Free labor produces the
great Southern staples as ample as before and is welcomed to the new industries. It
pays taxes on property of its own valued at nearly one hundred millions of dollars,
while for the children of former slaves there are nearly twenty thousand schools of
every degree, with an enrollment of more than a million of pupils, and everywhere a
demand for education and a public disposition to gratify it hitherto unprecedented.

This new birth of freedom is the noblest aspect of the spectacle. The splendor
of material progress may easily delude and betray with its fond and flattering caress.
But it is not in such details alone that the promise of any people is to be discerned. It
is not great mines only, and factories and farms, that make great nations. The patriot
looks to see churches and schools and libraries ; he studies the decreasing records of
crime ; he marks the growing respect for common rights, the evidences of public
spirit, the moral qualities, the progressive political tendencies and higher standards of
life among a people before lie counts the spindles and the cotton bales, if he would
cast aright their horoscope and fortell their future. The appearance of such signs
under complicated and unprecedented conditions, conditions which no other States
in history ever knew.-he sees with hope and pride amid this vast industrial revival.
The full fruition, indeed, is not yet. But if some impatient observer, eager that the
surely ripening harvest shall be reaped before its golden prime, exclaims angrily that
nothing has been done because so much remains to do, let his answer be that of the

704 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

wise general to his young lieutenant who burned for victory and thought the troops
too slow, " 'Tis an awfully rough road, my boy : give them time, give them time ! "

Not easily nor rapidly can the passions sprung from bitter local differences, and
cherished and strengthened for a generation, disappear. Often in hot and reckless
protestations those dying emotions will break forth like the distant muttering thunder
of a retiring storm. But the central fact is as bright as a fixed star. The line across
the Union drawn by the flaming sword of hostile, social and industrial institutions,
and irreconcilable theories of the nature and powers of the government itself, this
latent revolution and nascent civil war, have disappeared forever. At the end of a
hundred years the Union is the sacred, seamless garment of equal rights, of harmo
nious institutions, of accordant views of the government, in which sixty millions of
people in thirty-eight States are invincibly arrayed.

The oration closed the official meeting of the society, and
the great assemblage of veterans and their friends quietly dis
persed. In the evening a reception and collation was given
by the society at the Springs Hotel, in place of the usual ban
quet.

About nine o'clock the NINTH regiment "broke camp"
and marched to the station. The train pulled out at ten, and
by midnight most of the men were asleep in their seats and did
not wake up until the train reached Jersey City, at nine o'clock
on the morning of the 4th.

By previous arrangement, breakfast was ready for the men,
after partaking of which they boarded a ferry-boat and were
soon landed at the foot of West Twenty-second Street. The
march to the armory occupied but a short time, where they
were dismissed after a few words from Colonel Seward, who
thanked them for the good behavior maintained during the
trip.

In a subsequent order the Colonel said :

"The Commandant of the Regiment takes this occasion to congratulate the organ
ization on the record made during the recent trip to Gettysburg, and the opportunity
afforded to assure the authorities of its reliability to do its whole duty in upholding the
laws and maintaining order as did its former members, so many of whom laid down
their lives in testimony of their faithfulness.

" The following extracts from letters received by your Commandant cannot but be
gratifying to every member and friend of the NINTH regiment.

" From General King, the Recording Secretary of the Society of the Army of the
Potomac :

1 888 BUGLE CALL. 705

'"Permit me on behalf of the Society to thank you and your Regiment for their
generous services on the occasion and congratulate them and you upon their excellent
appearance, and upon the splendid impression which they made upon all who saw
them.'

" From General Hastings, Adjutant-General, State of Pennsylvania :

" ' The visit of your Regiment was one of the many pleasant features of that great
reunion, and the appearance of your splendid Regiment had a most interesting ami
beneficial effect upon that portion of our own National Guard which was there to see
your command.

'" The Governor directs me to send you his compliments and to say that he was
very much gratified to have the pleasure of a visit from your Regiment to the State,
and was particularly gratified that your camp should be named in his honor. I hope
that the pleasant acquaintance made at Gettysburg may be continued for many years,
and that we may frequently have the pleasure of entertaining yourself and your com
mand within the borders of the State.'"

THE BUGLE CALL OF GETTYSBURG.

Where lay the lines of dark redoubt
The soldiers lie in slumbers deep ;

Night's sentinels, the stars shine out
Above the mound of those who sleep.

But at the morning's ruddy break.
When hangs the mist — a silver pall —

The men of Gettysburg awake,

To hear ring out the bugle call ! —
Bugle call

CHORUS.

Above thy field, O Gettysburg,
The tears of Love and Honor fall !

Wake ! Soldiers, wake ! your slumbers break !
Ring out, ring out the bugle call !

They rise from stoned vale and hill —

Once more in spectral ranks they form
Afar and near they gather still,

As mid the battle's lurid storm.
But now 'tis Peace, forever won,

And 'mid the hush that covers all,
There sounds along the line " \Ve\\ done !"

While still rings out the bugle call ! —
Bugle call.

CHORUS.

706 THE NINTH NEW YCRK. 1888

The Blue and Gray in friendship meet,

And o'er the storied field again
The legend of the fight repeat.

With ne'er a thought of grief or pain,
Till o'er the host of human blest

The shadows of the twilight fall,
Then every spirit fades to rest

Unto the dying bugle call !
Bugle call.

CHORUS.

ROLL CALL. 707

PRESENT AT THE DEDICATION OF THE MONUMENT AT GETTYSBURG.

Field and Staff.

John Hendrickson, Henry V. Williamson and Alfred C.
Roe.

Company A.

Joseph A. Bluxome,* John D. Moore and George H.
Schofield.

Company B.

Henry N. Dunnell,* Edward Krollpfeiffer,* Henry Leisinger
and Jacob Mangold, Jr.

Company C.

George O. Hirst, James N. Lewis, William H. Miller,
William T. Peach,* John T. Pryer, Theodore L. Roz* and
Henry R. Thorpe.

Company D.

James T. Brinckerhoff, John B. Dolan, Phillip Engel,*
Alexander Leslie, T. M. Molleson, Theodore G. Mosher,
Jacob Ritschy, John G. Taylor and Robert H. White.

Company E.

Bernard Armbruster,* Robert F. Cooke, Alphonse Le Roy,
Samuel S. Patterson, Edward G. Royce, Edward Shanly, John
R. Simpson,* Archibald Stewart and Joseph J. Trittenback.

Company F.

Samuel Berry, Eugene Bissell. George Bohnenberger,
Charles R. Braine, James S. Burtis, Stephen M. Crandell,
Samuel C. Frazee, James R. Halliday, Thomas L. Hanna, Wm.
L. Heermance, Hiram L. Hunt, Wm. B. Osborn, George W.

7O8 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

Pancoast, William Scott, Daniel Simmons, John H. Van Wyck
Wm. E. Van Wyck and John H. Wood.*

Company G.

Thomas G. Brewer,* Harvey B.Denison, C. V. G. Forbes,
Matthew S. Gregory, Sayers Hadley, James H. Hoyt, James
M. Lacoste, Cyrus C. Murray, John A. Norman, George E.
Shafford, Augustus Stroh,* Wm. R. Vail and Theodore W.
Vandegrift.

Company H.

Joseph W. Adee, John L. Baker, David Devlin, Joseph
Devlin, James Devine,* George Drew, Joseph T. Hallock,.
James F. Kelly,* John T. Lockman, Frank Martin, Charles
Skeat and James Slater.*

Company I.

Benjamin F. Bowne, Michael T. Burke, Chas. L. Hous-
man,* George A. Hussey, Henry F. Hunteman, Joseph T.
Riker,* Walter Scott, Ralph Shorrock and Simon Straus.*

Company L (A').

James B. Carter, Wm. A. Graham, Augustus W. Meade,
James A. Mulligan,* Chester H. Southworth and Bird W.
Spencer.*

FOOT NOTE. — An asterisk (*) opposite a name is to signify a member who served in
the State of New York, all others in that of the United States during the war, 1861
-1865.

1888 PRESENT AT GETTYSBURG. 709

Messrs. L. Frank Barry,* Samuel S. Bent, Bernhard Bopp,
Augustus W. Colwell,* Philip Corell,* John Gallagher, A. C.
Hascy, G. R. Hendrickson, T. F. Hines, John G. Jenny, John
Jeroloman, Thos. E. Jones, Thomas Lyons, Roland B. Ma-
hany, J. G. Mitchell, A. D. Peeken, F. I. Perry, Orlando B.
Potter, George W. Roberts,* Charles G. Rowan,* Joseph
Saunders, John D. Shorrock, Thos. E. Slater,* Cornelius Ten-
Eick,* William Todd,* F. G. Urner, E. VV. Vanclenschoten,
M. Vreeland A. V. White, Charles Winter, C. A. Winter and
19 ladies.

Posts No. 135 and 182, Grand Army of the Republic, and
Veterans of the 6ist N. Y. Vols. were present to the number
of 62.

The pilgrims numbered in all 205.

FOOT NOTE. — The names marked with an asterisk (*) are to indicate those who
served during the war, 1861-1865, but not in the NINTH regiment.

7IQ THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

AND STRENGTH OF THE COMPANIES.

July 4, 1888.
Field ami Staff.

Colonel Wm. Seward, Jr., Lieut-Col. Thos. B. Rand,
Adjutant Yellott D. Dechert,

Surgeon Alvah H. Doty, Ass't Surgeon C. Newton Thomp
son, Capt. and I. R. P. Kasson C. Gibson, ist Lieut, and O.
M. Dana B. Pratt, ist Lieut, and Commissary George A. Cle
ment, Captain G. Henry Witthaus, total, 9.

Company A.

Capt. George T. Lorigan, 2nd Lieut. Godfrey A. S.
Wieners, and 85 enlisted men ; total, 87.

Company B.

Capt. Noah L. Cocheu, 2nd Lieut. John W. West, and 72
enlisted men ; total, 74.

Company C.
ist Lieut. Chas. E. Kohlberger, and 42 enlisted men ; total,

43-

Company D.

ist Lieut. John D. Walton, 2nd Lieut. Wauhope Lynn,
and 47 enlisted men ; total, 49.

Company E.

Capt. Sol. E. Japha, ist Lieut. Franklin Bartlett, and 54
enlisted men ; total, 56.

Company F.

Capt. W. Wolcott Marks, ist Lieut. Robert Warrell, 2nd
Lieut. Wm. H. Ehrman, and 53 enlisted men ; total 56.

1888 REGISTER OF JULY FOURTH. 711

Company G.
Capt. Washington Willcocks, and 60 enlisted men ; total,

61.

Company H.

Capt. Wm. R. Clough, ist Lieut. Jas. M. Maconnell, and
66 enlisted men ; total 68.

Company L

Capt. Henry W. Leonard, 2nd Lieut. Emil J. Winterroth,
and 59 enlisted men ; total, 61.

Company K.

Capt. Joseph N. Billings, ist Lieut. Mack Hertz, and 54
enlisted men ; total, 56.

Non-Commissioned Staff,

Sergt-Major Walter H. Van Vleck, Ordnance Sergt. Wm.
Seward, 3d, Q. M. Sergt. Frank J. Higgins, Comm.-Sergt.
George J. Wiedman, Hospital Steward Henry C. Yeager.
Color Sergeants, Chas. E. Kelley and James N. Hill.
Guides Phillip G. Jeffreys and John H. Pagan. Drum Major
George W. Hill. Band Master Sig. Luciano Conterno; total, 1 1.

Total strength of regiment, 631.

712

THE NINTH NEW YORK.

1888

INSPECTIONS OF THE REGIMENT.

1859 TO 1888 INCLUSIVE.

Colonel.

Year.

Present.

Absent.

Total.

Gain.

Loss.

Van Beuren . .
Van Beuren.
Stiles

18 9
1860
1861 ] j
1863 |

i863 r
1864 1
1864
1865
1866
1867 •
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872

1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879

1880

1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888

Total

1 80
230

i the Servic
June 23,

2,278
105
356
484

392
380
268
686
722
501
540
472
766
804
907
722
699
692

553
478
503
435
437
404

399
468

e of the Ui
1864.

106

201
149
1 08
142

63
119

55
72

65
92
60

87
105
109

175
204

'3"

•59
i75
151
161

167

261
284

lited States
2,278

21 I
42O
685

541
488
4IO
764

785
620

595
544
831
896
967
809
804
80 1
728
682
638

594
612

555
560

635

23
from June

1.994

209

265

354

287
65
71

5
75

- 8, 1861, to

2,067

144

53
78

165
25
5i

158

5
3
73
46

44
44

Hendrickson..
Moesch

Moesch

Wilcox

Wilcox. . .

Wilcox

Fisk

Braine

Braine ..

Hitchcock. . . .
Hitchcock. . . .
Hitchcock. . . .
Hitchcock. . . .
Ryder

Ryder

Seward

Seward
Seward ... .

Seward

Grand

15,861

3-137

18,998

3.387

3.oi3

1888 REGISTER OF OFFICERS, 1859-1888. 713

N. V. S. M. N. G. S. N. Y.

1859—1888.

Field and Staff.

COLONELS.

Michael M. Van Beuren, 1859; Jo]in W. Davis, 1863;
John H. Wilcox, 1864; James Fisk, Jr., 1870; Charles R.
Braine, 1872 ; James R. Hitchcock, 1875 ; S. Oscar Ryder,
1879; William Seward, Jr., 1882.

LIEUTENANT-COLONELS.

Thomas T. Ferris, 1859 '> Allan Rutherford, 1863 ; Moses
P. L. Montgomery, 1875; Thomas B. Rand, 1884.

MAJORS.

William H. Hallick, 1859 I Ralph A. Lanning, 1865 ;
Charles S. Strong, 1867 ; Dow S. Kittle, 1872 ; John T. Pryer,
1876; W. Boerurn Wetmore, 1879; Clifford A. H. Bartlett,
1884.

ADJUTANTS.

Charles B. Bostwick, 1859; Henry S. Brooks, 1864;
Edgar S. Allien, 1868; R. Livingston Luckey, 1873; Charles
L. Housman, 1879 ; Yellott D. Dechert, 1884.

QUARTERMASTERS.

Alexander Henriques, 1859; Abner Mellen, Jr., 1864; Jor
dan L. Bailey, 1867; George H. Gilbert, 1872; Ralph W.
Booth, Jr., 1874; Edgar F. Waite, 1876; Reuben A. Britton,
1879; Dana B. Pratt, 1886.

* Showing, at the highest rank held, those who were in the service of the State
of New York. Those commissioned in the service of the United States are to be
found in the war registers of the regiment.

714 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

COMMISSARIES OF SUBSISTENCE.

Theodore Braine, 1867; Benjamin- W, Blanchard, 1870;
Henry Harley, 1871 ; Alonzo P. Bacon, 1872 ; John H. Mooney,
1874; John V. Wheeler, 1879; W. Romeyn Vermilye, 1882 ;
George A. Clement, 1888.

SURGEONS.

E. Willis Fisher, 1859; Howard Pinkney, 1865; Charles
W. Pollard, 1870; George \V. Thompson, 1872; Stephen W.
Roof, 1876: Alvah H. Doty, 1888.

ASSISTANT SURGEONS.

Edward H. Andrew, 1860; J. Clement Rushton, 1863;
George G. Needham, 1865 ; Joseph E. Tucker, 1874 ; George
B. Fowler, 1879 ; ^- Newton Thompson, 1888.

CHAPLAINS.

Stephen R. Baker, 1859; Edward H. Chapin, 1866; J. A.
Spencer, 1870; Edward O. Flagg, 1871 ; J. Bradford Cleavor,
1875 ; Edward C. Houghton, 1877; Edward A. Reed, 1879.

RIFLE INSPECTORS.

George E. Harding, 1875 ; G. Henry Witthaus, 1879 '<
Kasson C. Gibson, 1886.

PAYMASTERS.

Henry L. King, 1859; Erastus Littlefield, 1860; Henry L.
Stevens, 1861.

ASSISTANT PAYMASTERS

Charles C. Reed, 1859 ; Francis E. Smith, 1861.

ENGINEERS.

Wm. H. Field, 1864; Wm. Pierre Stymus, 1865.

ORDNANCE.

William M. Ashfield, 1861.

HEADQUARTERS OF THE REGIMENT.

G. Henry Witthaus, 1886.

1888 REGISTER OF OFFICERS. 715

Company A.

CAPTAINS.

Joseph H. Johnson, 1859; William I. Vredenburgh, 1863;
Charles F. Maitland, 1864; William C. Barwis, 1865 ; Henry
Miller, 1869; Thomas D. Cottman, 1873; Thomas Griffin,
1879 ; George T. Lorigan, 1883.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

George W. Carpenter, 1859; James Dart, 1860; Alexan
der Me Cook, 1863; M. P. L. Montgomery, 1869; Joseph A.
Bluxome, 1874 ; James H. Shorter, 1883 i Theodore H. Swift,
1884; William E. Cook, 1885.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

Frederick C. Oakley, 1859; Chas. C. Reed, 1860;
Henry A. Luther, 1860; John J. Knipe, 1865; Thomas J.
Robertson, 1868; Silas B. Treat, 1872 ; Robert Coburn, 1879 ;
Godfrey A. S. Wieners, 1888.

Company B.

CAPTAINS.

Henry L. Robert, 1859 ; Jas. R. Hitchcock, 1864 ;
Robert B. Martin, 1870 ; John L. Burleigh, 1872 ; William J.
Kirkland, 1873 ; Joseph J. Springer, 1881 ; Noah L. Cocheu,
1884.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

Louis Billon, 1859 5 William E. Farrell, 1864 ; Edward W.
Francis, 1870; Franklin Coit, 1884; Henry Cleveland, 1888.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

John Deppeler, 1859 ; Francis Landry, j86o* Noah Loder,
1867; Arthur D. Chambers, 1871 ; Valentine Marsh, 1877;
James D. De Groot, 1882 ; William H. Anketell, 1884; John
W. West, 1887.

Company C.

CAPTAINS.

Mansfield Lovell, 1859; David Banks, Jr., 1863; John P.
Newkirk, 1864; Alexander B. Davis, 1867; Henry A. Tobias,

716 THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

1869; Gustave A. Fuller, 1870; John C. C. Tallman, 1872 ;
Howard F. Kennedy, 1884.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

William H. Draper, 1865 ; James R. Boyd, 1866 ; Jacob W.
Schmidt, 1867 ; Edward Oppenheimer, 1870 ; Robert C. Clapp,
1883 ; John K. Imlay, 1885.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

Charles E. Prescott, 1859 5 Henry C. Jones, 1863 ;
Theodore W. Myers, 1867; Dow S. Kittle, 1870; Gilford
Hurry, 1875 ; Wright H. Remsen, 1885 I James G. McMurray,
1887.

Officers of Company C previous to 1859 were :

CAPTAINS.

Wm, M. McArdle, 1833; James Mason, 1853 ; Thomas T,
Ferris, 1854; N. B. La Bau, 1856 ; Wm. H. Hallick, 1857.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

Henry Spear, 1853 ; L. Duncan Bulkley, 1854 ; Wm. C. H.
Sherman, 1857.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

Saml. N. Mondon, 1853 ; J. C. Pollard, 1857; T. C. De
Luce, 1857.

Company D.

CAPTAINS.

John W. Davis, 1859 ; Ralph A. Lanning, 1863 ; Robt. P.
Courtney, 1869; Edward S. Bowlend, 1872; George Auld,
1875 ; Isaac H. West, 1880; Joseph A. Carberry, 1883 ; Theo
dore H. Swift, 1885 ; John D. Walton, 1888.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

Edmund R. Greene, 1859; Daniel W. Lee, 1865; Alfred J.
Theriott, 1869 ; Frederick F. Valentine, 1872 ; James Hender
son, 1875 ; George B. Cobb, 1877 I Jacob W. Hitchcock, 1878 ;
Frank E. GaNun, 1883.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.
William F. Henry, 1859; William E. Jackson, 1859;

1888 REGISTER OF OFFICERS. 717

William H. Field, 1860 ; John S. Stryker, 1865 ; Joseph B.
Pollock, 1867; William Hill, 1872; Thomas H. Knight, 1876;
John H. King, 1883 ; Wauhope Lynn, 1888.

Company E.

CAPTAINS.

William Atterbury, 1859 5 Jonn T. Gaffney, 1865 ; Henry
S. Brooks, 1866 ; William H. Caclwell, 1870 ; Robert B. Cable,
1871 ; Moses P. L. Montgomery, 1872 ; Sol. E. Japha, 1875.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

John B. Coppinger, 1859 ; John Meeks, Jr., 1859 I Joseph
McDonald, 1865 ; John A. Lennon, 1869 ; Edward S. Lewis,
1870; Benjamin H. Herts, 1873; Samuel L. Kittle, 1879;
Franklin Bartlett, 1884.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

Edward P. Sanderson, 1859 ; John S. Huyler, 1867 ; Louis
C. Hammersley, 1868; George W. Palfrey, 1871; Michael
J. Ban man, 1876.

Company F.

CAPTAINS.

Allan Rutherford, 1860; Chas. S. Strong, 1863; William
E. Van Wyck, 1867 ; John H. Wood, 1872 ; William P. Wal
ton, 1875 ; William Wolcott Marks, 1886.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

Edward Thorn, 1860; Saml. J. Glassey, 1865; Henry A.
Tobias, 1869; Joseph A. Bluxome, 1874* Maurice A. Herts,
1875 ; Robert Warrell, 1886.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

Chas. B. Braine, 1860; John J. Knipe, 1865 ; William H.
King, 1870; John A. Millard, 1873; Ferris P. L. DeGroot,
1875; George B. Browne, 1877; John W. Bennett, 1879;
James O'Neil, 1884; William H. Ehrman, 1886.

Company G.

CAPTAINS.

Dabney W. Diggs, 1864; John T. Pryer, 1867 ; Reuben A.
Britton, 1876 ; Ferris P. L. DeGroot, 1879 '> George B. Browne,

THE NINTH NEW YORK. 1888

1882 ; George A. Hussey, 1883 ; James R. Byrd, 1885 ; Alfred
Chamberlain, 1886; Washington Willcocks, 1887.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

Gilbert S. King, 1864 ; John A. Norman, 1867 ; Jas. F. J.
Gunning, 1868; Harvey B. Denison, 1872 ; James L.Denison,
1879; Fredericks. Rice, 1882; Herbert C. Taylor, 1888.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

Benj. T. Martin, 1864; Joseph F. Swords, 1867; David
Wolff, 1869; Oliver G. Prescott, 1874; Peter J. Babcock,
1877.

Company H.

CAPTAINS.

James O. Johnston, 1864; Robert B. Young, 1867; John
Raper, 1867; Chas. M.Schieffelin, 1869; Dow S. Kittle, 1870;
James Slater, 1872; Isaac E. Hoagland, 1874; George W.
Homans, 1877 ; Henry G. Chapman, 1881 ; Wm. R. Clough,
1885; Frank A. Gale, 1888.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

William C. Barwis, 1864; Milton Benjamin, 1867; John F.
Smith, 1869 ; George Auld, 1873 ; William A. Thompson 1875 >
George B. Campbell, 1878 ; Jas. M. Maconnell, 1888.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

John A. Phillips, 1869; Horatio B. McComber, 1878 ;
Danl. A. Skinnell, 1882 ; Emile J. Winterroth, 1888.

Company /.

CAPTAINS.

John Dalrymple, 1866 ; Eugene Durnin, 1867 ; Arthur
Blaney, 1868; George A. Hussey, 1873 ; Walter Scott, 1882 ;
Henry W. Leonard, 1885.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

John I. Van Alst, Jr., 1866; Edward H. Andrew, 1868; Wm.
R. McDonald, 1870; Wm. J. Leckler, 1873; E.Cleveland
Wells, 1882 ; Chas. E. Kohlberger, 1886.

1888 REGISTER OF OFFICERS. 719

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

Geo. W. J. Cole, 1868; Noah Loder, 1869; Jas. J. DeBarry,
1870; Thos. D. Cottman, 1872; Richard W. Morris, 1873;
Chas. L. Housman, 1875 ! Theodore F. Nesbitt, 1879 ; Franklin
T. Morgan, 1884; Emile J. Winterroth, 1887.

Company K.

CAPTAINS.

Geo.W. Lyon, 1866; Wm. D.Wood, 1867; Bird W. Spencer,
1870; Jas. A. Mulligan, 1876; Joseph N. Billings, 1887.

FIRST LIEUTENANTS.

Chas. O. Terry, 1866; Francis F. Stone, 1867; Robt. B.
Cable, 1870 ; Alonzo P. Bacon, 1871 ; Joseph P. Hertzler, 1876;
George F. Shrady, Jr., 1881 ; Mack Hertz, 1888.

SECOND LIEUTENANTS.

George Pancoast, 1866; Stillman F. Kneeland, 1877;
Edgar Willson, 1879; Edgar C. Wells, 1881 ; Theodore S.
Croft, 1884.

INDEX.

Abercrombie, John J. .71, 111-2, 117, 119,

126, 143

ACCOUNT OF THE SURREN
DER OF THE C. S. A., by \VM.

MAHONE 379-382

Acker, Abijah 641

ACTIVES ENTERTAIN THE

VETERANS, in 1886 631-6

Adams, Edwin 527

Adams, N. E 517

Adams, \Villiam 588

Aims, Francis G 87, 88

ALABAMA TROOPS.

Confed., Infantry, i \th 115

Alexander, E. Porter 276

ALEXIS, GRAND DUKE, reception

of 559-6o

Allen, Colonel 560

Allen, George E 231

Allen, Lieut.-Colonel. 307

Allen, William B 560, 563-4

Allien, Edgar S. . 514, 537-8, 553, 564, 571,

573

Anderson, David W 47, 59

Anderson, George S 675

Anderson, John \V 15

Anderson, Richard H. . 1 86," 330-1, 342,

380

Anderson, Robert 24-5, 514, 568

Andrew, Edward H 29

Andrew, John A 240

ANTIETAM AND GETTYS
BURG, pilgrimage to, in 1886. .638-42

Arkenburg, Oliver M 664

Armisteacl, Lewis A 275, 280-1, 283

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC,
SOCIETY OF, reunion in 1888.. 689-

704

PAGE-
ARMY SONGS AND POETRY.. 390-

399

Arnold, William A 278-9

Arthur, Benjamin F 21

Ashby, Turner in

Aspinwall, Lloyd 510-2, 607

Aspinwall, William H .... 559

At Fort Hamilton, Company C 18-9

Atterbury, William. . 11, 29, 52-3, 63, 90,
93, 1 17-8, 154, 2o6>

Augur, Christopher C 119

Auld, George 590, 595

Austin, David E 560

Babcock, Peter J 598

Bachelder, John B 690

Bacon, Alonzo T 521, 535

Badeau, Adarn 324, 341

Baker, Edward D 75~7, 84

Baker, John L 647

Baker, Lorenzo F 584,

Ballou, M. M 542

Banks, David, Jr 27, 506

Banks, John E 55

Banks, Nathaniel P. .04, 67, 71-2, 74, 78,
81-2, 86, 93, 99, 104-6, H2, 122, 129, 131,
134, 137, 140, 142-3, 155-6, 168, 184, 319

Barker, Charles H 653

Barksdale, William 221

Barlcw, Francis C 268

Barlow, Joseph R. K 616

Barnes, W7illiam J 287

Barney, Hiram 56^

Barnum, Henry A 606, 690, 697

Barnum, Henry C 350

Barr, Colonel 545

Bartlett, Clifford A. H..62I, 625, 652-3,

658-9, 669

[721]

722

INDEX.

Bartlett, Franklin 6 i

Barwis, Henry C 507

Batchelder. Richard N 383

Bates, Adjutant 533

Bates, James L. 145, 329-30, 333, 339, 342
BATTLE— RECORD.

HARPER'S FERRY, VA.,i86i 54

BALLS BLUFF, VA 76-8

CEDAR MOUNTAIN, VA... 156-7

BULL RUN, VA., 1862 172-7

SOUTH MOUNTAIN, MD.. 1 89-90

ANTIETAM, MD 191-200

FREDERICKSBURG, VA....220-

32
CHANCELLORSVILLE, VA. 246-

5°

GETTYSBURG, PA 268-88

MINE RUN, VA 303-6

WILDERNESS, VA 323-8

LAUREL HILL, VA 329-34

SPOTTSYLVANIA, VA... . 335-41

COLD HARBOR, VA 346-7

BATTLES AND LOSSES 359

Baxter's, Geheral, report of battle of

Gettysburg 271

Baxter, Henry. .221, 243, 255, 270-5, 278,
284, 293-4, 298, 317, 324-7, 333-4

Bayard, George D 155, 213, 215

Baylor, Wm. S. H 54

Beauregard, Gustave T 24, 42-3

BEAUTY AND BOOTY PRO
CLAMATION 43

Beaver, James A. .670, 672, 690, 692, 694,

697

Beckwith, Silas J 91

1 iendix, John E 560

Bennett, James Gordon 570

Benton, Henry 514

Berdan, Hiram 690, 697

Berry, Samuel 647

Bigelow, John E 52, 66

Biggs, Charles G 639

Billings, Joseph N 651

Billon, Louis 29

Birdsall, Andrew J 654

Birney, David B 178, 223, 305, 326

Bissell, Isaac F 530

lilack, William 351

Blanchard, Benjamin W 570

Blaney, Arthur 517, 568

Blauvelt, Cornelius J 517

Blenker, Louis 1 16, 140, 143

Bliss, William M 566

Bloss, John B . . 187

BLUE AND THE GRAY, reunion

of, in 1888 688-704

Bluxome, Joseph A 661

Bodge, Surgeon 538

Bodine, John 533

Boker, Harvey 96

Bomford, James V 569

Bond's (Band) 539

Borrowe, William B 566

Bossieux, C. Gray 660, 662-4

BOSTON, MASS., excursion to, in

1871 534-44

Bostwick, Colonel 18

Bowerman, Richard W 334

Bowlend, Edward S 573

Bowne, Benjamin F 294, 353, 641

Bradley, G. W 538

Brady, John R 545

Bragg, Braxton 294

Braine, Charles R. .23, 29, 71, 354, 503-4,

506, 512, 537, 549-5°. 552, 555, 564,

566, 568, 572, 575, 577, 580, 632-4, 643,

648-9, 66 1

Braine, D.L 512

Bramhall, Walter M . . . •. 59, 82

Brannan, J. M 569

Brenan, Joseph 4

Brennan, Thomas S 663

Breshwood, Captain 22

BRIGADE 'LOSSES, from May 5th

to 8th, 1864 334

Briggs, C. R 572

Briggs, S. S. J 72

Brigham, John 90

Brinker, Henry 533

Brockway, Charles B 1 1 8

Brooke, John R 333

Brooks, Henry S. .29, 503-6, 518, 537,633

Brown, David S 649

Brown, John 62, 64

Brown, John F 610

Brown, J. H 538

INDEX.

723

Brown, S. C 517

Brown, T. Frederick 283

Brownell, William H 656

Bruen, Adjutant 533

Bryan, Timothy M 1 1 7-9

Bryant, Wm. Cullen 588

Brynes, Thomas S 550

Buermeyer, Henry E 353, 633, 651

Buford, John. . ..155, 162, 167, 266-9, 272>

297, 690

Bunting, Thomas B 58-60, 633

Burger, Louis 523~533

Burke, Dennis F 697

Burke, Michael T 71

Burnham, Colonel 18

Burns, D 550

Burns, Patrick 100

BURNSIDE to HALLECK 229-31

Burnside, Ambrose E. 184-5, IC>2-3- 19^~7<

213-5, 219-20, 226-7, -29- 2^6-8, 320,

3-5-r>. 343, 614

Burtis, A. Martin 72, 139, 307

Burtis, James S 633

Butler, Augustus P 350 ;

Butler, Benjamin F 318*

Butler, Edward VV 54

Butler, Sigourney 656

Butterfield, Daniel 13,215

Buxton, George 1 641

Cable, Robert B 521

Caffrey, John 90

Calder, A. P 539

Caldvvell, John C 280

Caldwell, Lieutenant 22

Cameron, Angus 37, 108, 228, 231

Cameron, Simon 72

Campbell, George B 609

CAMPS IN THE WAR.

CAMERON, 37-43; STONE. 49;
SANFORD, 50; VAN BEUREN,
51 ;HALL, 51 ; STILES, 53; HAL-
LICK, 58; ATTERBURY, 63;
DAVIS, 65; RUTHERFORD,
68; SMITH, 71-4; TUTHILL,
78 : PRESCOTT, 79-83 ; CLAAS-
SEN, 86-103; STANTON, 127;
RAPPAHANNOCK 293

Canby, Lieutenant 283

Capen, R. S 617

Carberry, Joseph A 655

Carnochan, John M 562

Carr, Joseph B... 592-4, 596-7, 605, 649,

674, 689, 697

Carr, William S '33

Carroll, Charles 67

Carroll, Samuel S 1 56, 327

Carter, Frank F 353

CASUALTIES — KILLED OR
MORTALLY WOUNDED, AND

DIED OF DISEASE.. 358

Cavanagh, James 560, 584

Cavanagh, Michael 3

Centennial Celebration, July 4, 1876

583-7

Chalmers, William 299, 307, 350

Chamberlain, Alfred 651

Chapin, Edward H 511

Chapman, C. R 530

Chapman, Henry G 616-7

Chave, William 89

Chesebrough, William H 517, 547

Chestnut, James, Jr 24

Chicago-Cadets in 1860 15

Childs, George W 527

Chilton, R. H 186

Claassen, Eno J 69

Claassen, Peter J 69, 70, 86, 90, 131

Claflin, Governor 536

Claflin, Tennie C 571

Clair, Henry 607

Clare, Henry P. 93, 197, 211, 228, 287, 350

Clark. Charles A ... 287

Clark, Emmons 559, 563-4, 605

Cleveland-Grays.. .... 612

Cleveland, Grover..6i8, 620, 622,638, 661

Clews, Henry 566

Clough, William R 617,651-2

Coats, Andrew 6 1 6

Cocheu, Noah L 651, 664

Cochrane, John H 649

Cody, William F. (Buffalo Bill) 663

Coffey, John J 165

Cogswell, Milton 77

Cohen, David B 655

Colo-rove, Silas 1 87

724

INDEX.

Collis Chas. H. T 1 24

Colquitt, Alfred H. 189

COLUMBIA, DISTRICT OF,

TROOPS.

Infantry — 2nd, ^d, ^th, 8t/i, Battal
ions 46

CONFEDERATE ORDERS NO.

191 i85-7 i

CONFEDERATES SURREN
DERED, number of 383

Conklin, Frederick A 533, 560

CONNECTICUT TROOPS.

Infantry — 2nd, 588; \\th, 196; i^th, 278

Connolly, John M. K 287, 337

Connor, Washington E 552

Conterno, Luciano 651, 675, 696-7

Conway, Colonel 530

Cook, Benjamin F 329

Cook, William E 651, 660

Cooke, Robert F 633, 641, 647

Cooney, George W. . 674

Copeland (Drillmaster) 564

Coppinger, John B. . . 16, 27, 29, 31 - 2, 39,

73,91-2

Corey, Sidney A 527

CORRESPONDENCE AT THE
SURRENDER OF LEE TO

GRANT 376-9

Cottman, Thomas D 595, 634

Couch, Darius N 215, 226, 243, 266

COULTER'S, COLONEL REPORT
OF THE BATTLES OF THE

WILDERNESS 332-4

Coulter, Richard. . . 195, 198, 285, 328-32,
334-5. 337. 340

Courtney, Robert B 523, 571

Cowan, Andrew 279

Cox, Jacob D 193

Crawford, Major . 533

Crawford, Samuel W. . i 55-6, 193, 323- .,,
330-1, 343, 345-6. 569. 690, 697

CREEDMOOR 578-9, 601-2, 606

Crimmins, John D 628

Crittenden, Thomas L 343

Croft, Theodore F 651

Crook, George. . 196, 319

Cruger, S. Van Rensselear 616

Curtin, Andrew G 671, 690. 695-6

Curtis, George Wm 690, 697, 702 4

Curtis, N. Martin. . . .661, 674, 690, 696-7

Cusack, James W 595, 618-20

Gushing, Alonzo H 279-83

Cutler, Lysander. .270, 326, 330, 332, 342,

345

Dailey, Frederick B 148-9

Dakin, Thomas S 523~4, 545

Dalrymple, John 509, 568

Daniels, Major 538

Daskam, Sawyer 518

Dauvray, Helen 648-9

David, A. L 618, 620

Davis, Jefferson 22

Davis, Jefferson C 545, 569

Davis, John W. . .9, 27, 29, 50, 65, 503-5,
508, 519, 523, 537,653

Davis, Joseph B 351

Day, Nicholas W 649, 66 1

Dechert, Yellott D.. . .637, 651-2, 659-60,

670
DEDICATION OF MONUMENT

AT GETTYSBURG 674-87

Delcambre, Alfred P 662

Delmonico, Charles C 592

Denison, Andrew W 330

Denison, Harvey B 55

DEPARTURE FOR THE SEAT

OF WAR 32-4

Deppeler, John 29, 50, 62, 68

Derr, Henry H 641

Deveraux, Arthur F 283

Deveraux, Colonel "^33

Diggs, Dabney W. .99, 236, 239, 242, 506,

511, 66 i

Diller, F. X 5'5

Dix, John A 22. 559, 576

Dodworth, Harvey B 587

Doheny, Michael 4

Dolan, John B 287, 350

Dorr, Colonel 533

Doty, Alvah H 625, 651, 660

Doubleday, Abner. . 189, 191, 193-5, 199-

222-3, 227, 260, 264, 268-70, 272-4,
279-80, 318

Douglass, M I96

Dowling, Q.-M 53s

INDEX.

PAGE

Downing, David L 531, 537, 539

Dows, David 566

Draper, William H 354

Drexel, Anthony ] 525

Drew, Daniel 567

Drum, Richard C 400

Duane, Rev. Dr. 569

Dulany, Richard H 212

Dumphry, Michael 71

Durnin, Eugene 509, 638 j

Duryea, Abram. . . 127, 129, 136, 156, 170,
183. 523- 577.6i6

Duryea — Zouaves 616

Dutch, Alonzo 555

Duval, Harry 629

Earle, Ferdinand P 617

Early, Jubal A. ...165-7, 249-50, 264-5,

289, 345

Eben, Felix 1 583

Edwards, James R 566

Ecclesine, Thomas C 638

Egolf, Joseph 595

Ehrman, William H 651

Eisenberg, Mr. . . 572

Ellis, Henry A 356

Ellsworth, Elmer E 15

EMANCIPATION PROCLAMA
TION 204-5

English, Governor 530

Eshleman, B. F . . 276

Eunson, Eugene S 555

Evans, Nathan G 167

Evans, William ; 38

Everett, Walter 540, 542

Ewell, Richard S. . . .134, 156, 196,258-60,
263-4, 269-70, 275, 296, 301-2, 323, 340,

342. 345

Fairchild, Lucius 672-3, 690, 697

P'arnsworth, John G 618-9, 656

Farragut, David G 528

Farrell, Robert . 507

Faulkner, Robert J 60

Fay, Colonel 555

Fay, John G 4

Fay, Lieut.-Colonel 538

Felix, 97~'^

Fellows, Jerome B 570

Fenton, Reuben E 508

Ferguson, Smith 165-6

Ferrero, Edward . . 197, 340

Ferrero, Emile S 81

Ferris, Thomas T 8, 12, 1 6, 577

Field, Cyrus W 381

Field, Maunsell B . . 566

Finan, B. J 538~9

Fisher, Doctor 562

Fisher, Edward T 89

Fisher, E. Willis 354

Fisk, Belden & Co 567

Fisk, James, Jr... .521-2, 524-5, 527, 531,

533. 535-42. 550, 552-3, 556, 560-8,

570, 572, 580

Fisk, Lucy D 533, 562, 567

Fitzgerald, Louis 638

FITZ-HUGH'S CROSSING, VA... 244-5

Fitzpatrick, Adjutant 538

Flagg, Edward O.. . . 540, 553, 555-6, 566

Flammer, Charles A 649

Flatley, Surgeon .... 538

Flood, F. Oliver 199

Forbes, Colin V. G 643, 648

Forsyth, Post-Chaplain 569

Foster, John G 569

Foster, Lieutenant 539

Fountain, General 545

Foust, Benezet F 271

Fowler, John, Jr 533

Franklin, William B.. 185, 190, 215, 221-5,

227, 229

Fraser, General 6 1 6

Frazer, Douglass S3&-9

Fream, George L 137-8

Freeborn, George C 664

Fremont, John C.. . 131, 134-5. 137, 140-3

French, William H 226, 266, 300

Frost, Edwin R 610

Fuger, Frederick 282

Fuller, Gustavus A 535, 537, 571

Funk, Augustus 533, 560, 564

Gaffney.John T 508-9

Gale, Frank A 6 1 7, 65 1

Garfield, James A 612,614

Garnett, Richard B 275, 281

726

INDEX.

Garrett, Robert 591

Garrison, Lieutenant 662

Gaston, William 535-6. 541

Gates, Theodore B 280, 638

Gaylor, Charles 517

Geary, John W , 82, 143

Gebhard, Edward 510

Gedney, Frederick G 638

Gedney, William H 638

Geidecke, Ernest 55

GEORGIA TROOPS—

Confed., Infantry, i8//i 196

Gesner, Charles H 34

Getty, George \V 226, 323-5

GETTYSBURG, PILGRIMAGE

TO. in 1888 665-73

Gibbon, John 1 89-90, 213, 215, 219,

221-4, 229, 274. 279. 283, 317, 325-7,

333. 335-6

Gibbons, Frank K • 397

Gibbs, Lieutenant 662

Gibson, Kasson C 651

Gildersleeve, Henry A 583, 615

Gilette, Lewis W 61 8, 620

Gillespie, Frederick R 517

Gilman, F. L 539

Gilmore, Patrick S 539

Glendinning, G. B . 517

Glenn, Captain 272

Goepel, Paul 588

Gordon, George H 1 56

Gordon, John B 379-8 1 , 69 1 , 697

Gorman, John J 566

Gould, Jay 527, 570

Grace, William R 628, 632

Grafulla's (Band) 5 1 5, 5 1 8

Graham, Charles K 674, 689, 697

Grant, Frederick D 663

Grant, Lewis A 67 1 , 690

Grant, U. S..ii6, 286, 315-6, 318-25, 328,

336, 341-2, 346-7, 376-9, 381-2, 527,
612, 625-6, 628, 660, 662, 690

Gray, John A 96

Green, General 530

Greene, Edmund R 29, 72, 89, 108

Greene, George S 193, 690, 697

Gregg, David McM 266

Gregg, Maxcy 223

PAGE

Gregg, Robert G 570

Gregory, Matthew S 29

Greenman, Schuyler 531

Griffin, Charles 202, 323-4, 330, 333.

342, 345. 347

Griffin, Thomas 633

Grinnell, Moses H 559

Guides (Band) 531

Gunther, C. Godfrey 353

Guyer, Frederick 242, 287

Hale, Nathan 1 59

Hall, A. Oakey 534, 545

Hall, James A 174

Hall, Joshua C 138

Hall, Norman J 279, 281. 283-4

Hall, William 3, 8, 13, 18, 51, 503-4,

508-9, 512

Halleck, Henry W 126, 142, 145, 166,

168, 178, 208, 214, 229-30, 265, 299,

3i6
Hallick, William H. . 8, 28-9, 58, 75, 92, i 54

Hallock, Joseph T 43-4, 641

Halstead, Eminel P 670

Hamblin, Joseph E 525

Hamilton, Captain 222

Hamilton, Charles S 67, 71

Hamilton, SchuyleT 545

Hamlin, Hannibal 91

HAMPTON LEGION, Confed. .. . 196

Hancock, Wintield S 226, 258, 273-4,

276, 283, 324-7, 332-3, 335, 337-9, 341-3.
345, 618, 628

Hanna, Thomas L vii

Hardie, James A 222

Harding, George E 581

Harper, Robert 51 7-8

Harris, Isham G 21

Harrison, Walter 277

Harrow, William 279, 283

Hartranft, John F 690

Hartsuff, George L 117, 1 26- 7, 129.

137-8. 155-7. 163, 165-7, 169, 172-5,
183, 190-1, 194-5, 197, 199, 206, 217,

3'7- 5'4

Hastings, Daniel H 705

Hartz, W. T 228

Hatch, John P 171, 173-4, 188-90

INDEX.

727

Haubennestel, WilH.im 619

Havelock, General 73

Havemeyer, Henry 588

Havemeyer, William P" 580

Haven, Gilbert 536

Hawkins, Rush C 588

Hayden, W. R 648-9

Hayman, S. 1» 69, 72

Hays, Alexander 278-9, 284

Head, Nathaniel 529

Heath, Francis E 279

Heermance, William L 647

Heintzelman, Samuel P 168, 173

Ht-lmbold, Henry T 526

Henderson, William 224, 233

Hendrickson, John... 29, 108, 146, 157,

198, 224-5, 228> 231, 236, 241, 257,261,

327, 533, 564, 570-1, 577, 632-3, 647,

66 1, 674, 676-7

Henriques, Alexander. .... 7, i 5, 27, 31

Herbert, Mr 556

Herrick, Charles K. . . 32

Herron, Francis J 607

Herts, Maurice A. 633

Heth, Henry 268, 276

Heuston, James 4

Hewitt, Abram S 649, 655, 661-2

Hill, Ambrose P i 56, 161, 197, 21 5,

223, 258, 263-4, 268, 272, 296-7, 323-5,

342

Hill, Daniel H 186-7, 189, 21 5

Hill, David B 642, 669

Hill, George W 540, 610, 622

Hill, William 517

Hirst, George 0 350

Hirt, Felix 93, 228

Hitchcock, James R . . 507, 543, 566, 571-2,
575. 577- 580, 592, 595-6, 598-9, 605

Hoagland, Isaac E 228, 63 1

Hoey, John T 525

Hoffman, John T..5o8, 511-2, 523, 527,

547. 573

Holbrook, Frederick 690, 697

Homans, George W 609- 1 1

HOME AGAIN 352-4

Homer, Charles F 638, 649

Hood, John B 174, 192, 196, 334

Hooker, Charles E 690, 694-5

Hooker, General, to Generals Howard

and Slocum, at Chancellorsville. . 247-8
Hooker, Joseph. 81, 173, 182, 189-95, 198,

206, 215, 217-8, 222, 226-7, 238-45,
247-51, 258-9, 26l, 263-66, 295,

608

H organ, Ja.nes J 616

Housman, Charles L.-594, 597, 610-11,

617

Houston, Captain 545

Howard, Oliver O. .221, 226, 243, 247-8,
258, 269, 272, 295

Howard, Thomas W 350

Howell, Isaac 89

Hoyt, Jesse 566

Hoyt, Roswell 517

Hoyt, William, Jr 517

Hoyt, W. C 515, 51 7

Hubbarcl, Cyrus C.. 138, 287, 350

Hughes, Archbishop 4

Humphreys, Andrew A 226, 382

Hunt, Henry J 277-8

Hunt, Major 560

Hunt, Samuel I I

Huntington, Isaac C 176

Huntley, Colonel . 560

Hussey, George A.. . .400, 572, 593-5. 605,

610-1, 614, 616, 632, 634, 640, 654

Hyams, Gertrude S. . 527

INDIANA TROOPS—

Infantry — 12///, in, 126, 139; i6//i.
in, 116,125-6, 139; I9///, 259; 27///.

67. 187

IN MEMORIAM 384-89

INSPECTIONS OF THE REGI
MENT— 1859-88 712

INTERNATIONAL RIFLE MAT
CHES 579, 582,602

Irish Republican Union 3-4

Isaacs, Montifiore M 647

Iverson, Alfred 270-1

Jackson, H. J 533

Jackson, (Stonewall) Thomas J . . . 106, 1 10,

112, 123-4, 134-5, 140-1, 143, 154-5, 157,

160-1, 166, 168-74, 177- 9. 185, 188, 190,

194-5, 198, 215, 220, 229, 246-8, 691

728

INDEX.

Jacobs, Jacob 287, 350

Jacobs, P. S 517

Jamison, D. F 21

Japha, Sol. E.. . 595, 647, 651, 660, 662-3

Jaques, John W 96, 148-9

Jenkins, Albert G 260, 264

Jenkins, Rev. Mr 566

Jerome, Leonard W 533

Jewett, H. J 591

Johns, Lieutenant 1 8

Johnson, Andrew 509

Johnson, Bradley T 86

Johnson, Edward 274-5

Johnson, Joseph H 9, 17, 27

Johnston, George H 539~10

Johnston, James 0 507, 617

Johnston, John 548

Johnston, Joseph E.. . .58, 104-5, 109, 318,

279- 38'

Jones, Captain 538

Jones, Charles 51 7-8

Jones, David R 160, 167, 170

Jones, Frank J 638

Jones, Henry C 506

Jones, Wm. Hemphill 22

Jordan, Marsh & Co 567

Jussen, Karl 583, 608

Kearny, Philip 173, 178-9, 243

Keenan, James J 1 10

Keenan, Peter 248

Kelly, John J 351

Kelso, James J 559, 564

'Kemp, John H 638, 664

Kernper, James L 275, 281

Kendell. Albert A 198

Kendlehart, D 265

• Kent, William H 536-7. 540, 543

Ketchum, Abram V 256

Kiclclo, J. B 533

KILLED IN BATTLE-
BULL RUN, 177; ANTIETAM.
198; FREDERICKSBURG, 231
-2; GETTYSBURG, 287; THE
WILDERNESS LAUREL

HILL SPOTTSYLVANIA

AND COLD HARBOR 348-9

Kilpatrick, Judson 266

King, Gilbert S 354,

King, Horatio C 666-7, 697,

King, Rufus. . . 143, 168, 170-3, 183,

King, William Y

Kingsbury, Captain

Kirklancl, Charles P

Kitching, J. Howard

Kittle, Dow S

Kittle, Samuel L

Kline, Henry C

Kohlberger, Charles E

Koltes, John A

Krauss, Samuel

Krehbiel, John D

'A OK

506
704
1 88,

3'7
616

53S
569

340
572
610

597
651

'77

627
560

Lacy, J. Hovell 327, 332-3

Lander, Frederick W 105, 1 1 1, 123

Langbein, J. C. Julius 584, 607

Lanning, Ralph A.. . 87, 93, 197,241, 354,

506, 509

Lansing, Major 18

Lanied, F. S 72

Lathrop, George P 697, 702

Latrobe, Osman 277

Lawrence, Arthur 553

Lawton, Alexander R 196

Layton, Thomas 228

Lee, Daniel W 508

Lee, Robert E.. .155, 158-9, 162, 168, 174,
177, 182-6, 191, 201-2, 209, 220, 237,
243-4, 248-9, 257-9, 261, 263-5, 267>
274-5, 286, 290-1, 294-6, 298-300, 302-4,
312, 316, 318, 322-5, 328, 332, 337-8,
341-2, 344, 376-82, 690

Lee, Stephen D 24

Leeds, Mr 517

LeFevre, Admiral 545

LeGal, Eugene 17

Leonard, Henry \V 651

Leonard, Samuel H 239, 523

Leppien, George F 174

Lethbridge, Lieutenant 538

Levy, Jules 537

Lewis, Arnold C 89

Lewis, Lester 90

Lewis, J. Woodruff 25, 354

Liebenau, J. Henry 510, 514

INDEX.

729

LINCOLN to McCLELLAN.. .80. 209;
to ARMY OF POTOMAC, 232; to
HOOKER, 238-9; to GRANT, 321.
LINCOLN, ABRAHAM. 20, 23, 26, 36,
43,74,80, 105, i 10, 129-31, 138, 146,
204-9, 214-5. 227. 229-31, 234-5, 238-9,
242, 245, 260,286, 308-9; Address at
Gettysburg, 31 1, 316, 319-21, 507,690-1,

697

Lincoln, Lowell 566

Lincoln, Robert T 613

Locke, Frederick T 616

Locke, William H 566

Lockman, John T 29, 97, 641

Loder, Noah 518

LONG BRANCH, N. J., encampment
in 1870 526-8

Longstreet, James. . 159-61, 167-74, 176-7.

179, 186, 193, 197, 215, 220, 229, 257-8,

263-5, 275-7, 281, 294, 310, 320, 325-6,

33°. 379-82, 672, 689, 696-7

Lorigan, George T. . .647, 651, 659, 662-3

Lovell, Mansfield, to General Fred.
Townsend 10

Lovell, Mansfield. . 10, 15-6, 18-9, 22, 29,

120, I 2 1-2

Lowncls, George L 515

Lucas, Thomas J. 1 16

Lyle, Peter 224, 229, 271, 326, 330,

333-4
Lyon, George \V 511

McArdle, William M 9

McCabe, Chaplain 694

McCall, George A .".119, 1 37

McCaull, John A 663

McClearn, Stuart F 610

McCLELLAN'S FAREWELL AD
DRESS 214

McClellan, George B. . .68, 70, 74. 78-81,

84, 104-6, i to, 124, 126-7, 129, 134,

137, 143, 154, 158, 161, 182-5, 187.

190-1, 194, 197, 201-2, 206-7, 209, 212

-4, 217, 286, 570, 628

McClenthen, C. S 181

McComber, Horatio E 609

McCook, Alexander 506

McCort, John W 350

McDonald, Joseph 508

McDowell's, General, Report of Bull

Run, 1862 177

McDowell, Irvin . . . .63, 117, 129-31, 137,

140, 142-3, 155, 160, 162, 169, 514,523-

4, 530. 559

McGowan, Private 550

McKensie, Alexander 5 16-7, 566

McKnight, Rev. Dr 696

McLaws, Lafayette 186

McLean, George W 572

McLewee, Frederick C 654

McMahon, Captain rj

McNally, Samuel 90

McNider, William 1 56

McQuade, James. . . . 523-4, 530, 533, 616

McQuade, John F 530

McVey, Lieutenant 538

Maconnell, James M 651

Magee, Frank J 675

Magruder, Captain 46

Mahany, Roland B 674-5, 677-80

Mahone, William 379, 381-2

MAINE TROOPS—

Infantry — 16///, 187, 203, 212, 215-6,
224, 285, 302

Mallon, James E 281,283-4

J Manierre, Benjamin F 545

Mansfield, Joseph K. F 193, 195

Maretzek, Max 523

Markey, James F 4

Marks, W. Wolcott 647, 651

Martin, Benjamin F 506

Martin, Joseph W 59

Martin, Robert B 507

Martin, William I 649

Marvin, Selden E 511

MARYLAND TROOPS—

Confederate, Infantry — isl, 137; Union,
\st, 137, 291 ; 2nd, 196; 5///, 293
MASSACHUSETTS TROOPS—

Volunteers — Infantry — 2nd, 122; 8///,
291; \2ih, in, 117, 130, 132, 145, 176,
183, 196, 198, 203, 212, 216-7, 229, 251,
271, 284, 293, 295, 311, 324-5, 329,332-
3- 335. 339. 343: 13^. 74, 1 11.13°, '83.

196, 217, 222, 224, 228, 239, 293, 521,

523; i5///, 71, 76; I9///, 221, 281 ; 2o//i,

730

INDEX.

PAGE

76, 221 ; 33</, 621 ; ^\th, 379 ; 39///, 291 ;
4.6//1, 291 ; 5U/, 291 ; Volunteer-Militia
— Batteries, is/, 540; 2nd, 621 ; Infan
try, ist, 539-40; 5^, 539-40, 610; 8/1//.
610-1 ; 9/7*, 539-40.

Matthews, Ezra W 164

Meade, Augustus W 351

Meade, George G...i83, 189-95, 222~3.

243, 247, 258, 265-7, 274, 285-6, 288,

290, 294-7, 299-300, 303, 305, 310, 313,

316-7, 319-20, 323-4, 508, 573

Meehan, Colonel 533

Meeks, John, Jr 506

Mercer, Andrew 91

Mercer, Corporal 16

Meredith, Solomon 318

Merritt, Stephen 553

Merritt, Wesley 330

Messinger, Thomas H. H 517

MICHIGAN TROOPS—

Cavalry — is/, 108, in; Infantry — y///,
221, 243 ; 2\th, 243

Miles, Nelson A 380-1

Miller, Colonel 56

Miller, Doctor 193

Miller, Erastus R 37, 72

Miller, Henry 566

Miller, Major 533

Miller, Seaman 517

Miller, Warner 690, 697

Miller, William 90

Milne, Joseph S 283

Milroy, Robert H 258-9

MINNESOTA TROOPS—

Infantry — is/ 71

MISSISSIPPI TROOPS—

Confederate, Infantry — 48/// 316

Mitchell, Cornelius B. . „ 533, 583

Mitchell, W. A 187

Mitchell, W. P 638

MOESCH'S, CAPTAIN, REPORT
OF THE BATTLE OF FRED-

ERICKSBURG 227-8

Moesch, Joseph A.. 9, 198, 224, 227-8, j
231, 236, 256-7, 271, 287, 294, 298, 306-7, j
325- 327, 334. 637, 654, 658

Moller, William F 530, 533

Montgomery, Moses P. L-537, 581,616,621

PAGE

MONUMENT, DEDICATION OF,

in 1888 674-87

Moore, Lucy D 567

Moore, John D 350

Morgan, Edwin D 22, 29, 559

Morris, Willliam H 507, 524, 575, 577

Morrison, Joseph J 52-4, 65, 571

Morse, Lewis W 627

Morse, Mrs 56 1

Mosby, John S 262, 339

Mosenthal, J 588

Mosher. Jacob S 530

Mott, Gershom 326

MUD-MARCH in 1863 236-8

Mulligan, James A 628

Mullins. George 538

Munson, Jacob F 350

Murphy, Michael C 666

Murphy, Thomas 4-5

Negley, James S 60

NEW HAMPSHIRE TROOPS —

Infantry — ist, 46-8, 56, 61, 66; 6th, 196

Newkirk, John P 506

Newman, John P 627, 664, 670

Newton, John. 273, 292, 313, 317,655,661
NEW YORK NINTH— NEWS
PAPER 149-53

NEW YORK TROOPS—

Volunteers — Artillery, 7///, 340 ; Bat
teries is/, Ind., 279; />', 279; Infantry,
•2nd, (Militia) 71, 83; \\tli, (Militia) 57,
128, 189, 245, 31 1, 616, 644 ; 2o///, (Mili-
tiaj 280; 26///, 101, 181, 251 ; 42//^/, 77,
281; 53<Y, 242; 6is/, 674; 6yh, 512;
72nd, 239; 79///, (Militia) 69-70, 172,
178-9, 546, 555-6, 560, 569, 649; 97///,
216, 228-9, 241, 251, 269, 271, 333, 335,
346, 351, 674 ; I04///, 302 ; I ig//i. 674 ;
I2O//Z, 336. — National Guard — Infan-
iry, ist, 547. 553- 555- S^o, 563; yi,
555; 5///, 560, 584; 6//t, 15, 547-8, 560,
563; 7/h, 13, 37. 65. 26r' 353. 527,
547-8, 559, 563, 569, 588, 606, 615-6,
622, 627,651, 659; 8//i, 3, 15, 1 8, 28,
34, 236, 537, 543, 547, 555- 5^0, 563,
584, 591, 616-7, 643-4, 650; lot /i, 595,
597; i }///, 28,547, 559, 584, 605,626,

INDEX.

PAGE

637; i2///, 13, 28, 547, 553- 555. 56°.
584,616. 637,644,651; is///, 15, 555.
6n; 22iiit, 547-8, 555, 559, 563, 584,
588, 622, 626-7, 637, 644 ; 23//, 23, 560,
580, 591, 611; 24//i, 556; 47//1, 560,
606 ; 55//i, 7-9, 555, 560, 563; 6gt/i, 18,
547, 560, 584, 611 ; jist, 83, 547, 553,
555, 560, 569, 584, 605, 662 ; 84///, 547-9-
560 ; 96///, 560.

Neyer, George 63, 353

Noonan, John G 668

Nordquist, Charles J .73, 8 1, 96, 151,206,
215-6, 255-6, 294, 350, 571

Nugent, Robert 689, 697

Nye, S. H 517-8

Oakley, Colonel ................... 533

O'Brien, Fitz-James ............... 399

O'Brien, William .................. 90

O'Connor's (Band) ................ 539

O'Connor, Michael T .............. 3

Odell, Thomas B .................. 66 1

OFFICERS PROMOTED FROM

OFFICIAL RECORD OF SERVICE.
FIELD AND STAFF ......... 401-2

NON-COMM.-STAFF AND

BAND ..................... 403-5

COMPANY A ................ 406-13

COMPANY B ............... 414-20

COMPANY C ................. 421-9

COMPANY D ................. 430-8

COMPANY E ................ 439-47

COMPANY F ............... 448-56

COMPANY G ................ 457-65

COMPANY H ................ 466-73

COMPANY 1 ................. 474-8i

COMPANY K ............... 482-92

COMPANY L ............... 493-501

OLD-GUARD ............. 569, 572, 577

Oliver, Robert S .................. 608-9

Olmstead, James H ........... 515, 517-8

Olyphant, Robert ................. 626

O'Neill, Joseph .................. 270

Opdyke, George .................... 566

Orange Riot, in 1871 ............. 546-56

Ord, Edward O. C. ---- 129, 131, 136, 317

PAGE

ORDERS NO. i OF THE NINTH

REGIMENT 9

Ormsbee, E. J 670, 690

Orvis, Charles E 533, 606

Osborn, Captain 17

O'Sullivan, — 96-8

Owen, Captain 46

Owen, William M. ... 177, 185-6, 276, 281

Pdez, Jos6 Antonio 658

Page, Frank 1 352

Page, Henry C 549-5O, 552-3

Palfrey, Francis WT 182, 188, 190, 229

Palmerston, Lord 1 6-7

Papple, Councilman 575

Paris, Compe de 286, 297

Parke, John G 223

Parker, Amasa J., Jr 595

Parsons, Colonel 7°°

Patterson, Robert 46, 58, 64

Patti, Carlo 531

Paul, Gabriel R 269-71, 285

Paulison, C. M. K 575

Peach, Benjamin F 61 1

Pearsall, W 504

Peck, Surgeon 545

Pegram, John 346

Pegram, W. J i 56

Pender, William D 272

PENNSYLVANIA TROOPS—

Cavalry— St/i, 248; Infantry— is/, (Mili
tia) 46; \\tli, 129-30, 164, 170, 183,
195-6, 217, 228-9, 25[> 269, 285, 302,
315, 319, 328, 332-3, 335, 337; i-jth,
(Militia) 61 ; 25/7*, (Militia) 46, 61 ;
28//i, 82 ; 2$//i, 67, 69-70, 83-4, 97 ;
46///, 89; 6gfk, 279-80; 7 ist, 279-80;
J2tid, 279, 281-2 ; 88t/i, 195, 216, 228-9,
251, 271, 311, 315, 319, 332-3, 335;
90///, 251, 270-1, 284, 293, 311 ; io6//z,
279; I49/7/, 272; I5I5-/, 280

Percy, Captain 533

Perley, John H 522, 555

Perret, Henry 287!

Perry, Colonel 523, 533'

Pettigrew, J. Johnston 276-7

Pettit, James 132

732

INDEX.

PAGE

Phelan, Michael 3-5

PHILADELPHIA INVINCIBLES. 612
Phillips, Benjamin T . . 90, 98-9, 1 59, 234,

310

Phillips, Edward 517

Phisterer, Frederick 621

Pickett, Eugene 197

Pickett, George E. .275-7, 279-81, 283-4,

671-2, 690-5

Pickett, Mrs 694

Pierce, Alderman 535

Pinard, Nelson 96

Pinckney, Joseph C 585

Pinkney, Howard .. 90, 96, 206, 638, 641,

66 1, 664

Pitkin, Lucius 7

Pleasonton, Alfred. .215, 248, 258-9, 261,

267

Plume, General 560

POEMS AND SONGS.

BEN NIN(TH)GTON 557-9

GETTYSBURG (Blue and Gray). 698-

702
HARTSUFF'S BRIGADE AT

ANTIETAM 199-200

MANS. AND LORD LOVELL. 120-2

MEMORIAL DAY 649-50

MONUMENT DEDICATION. 677-80

ON GUARD 42

PAT'S MILITARY RECORD. 629-31
RETURN OF THE REGIMENT

354-6

SONG OF THE NINTH 217

SONG OF THE SPADE 151-2

SUMTER 25-6

THE BOSTON DIP 543-4

THE BUGLE CALL OF GET
TYSBURG 705-6

THE LAMENT OF THE IN
VOLUNTARY VOLUNTEER

94-5
THE NINTH'S SKEDDADLER

2IO-I I

VARIOUS (Medley) 390-399

Pollock, John M 533

Pollock, Thomas C 34

Poore, Ben Perley 529

Pope's, General, Orders 146-7

PAGE
Pope, John..ii6, 142-4, 146-7, 150, 154-

62, 164-74, 177, 179- 182-3, 245, 297

Porter, Andrew S 70

Porter, Fitz-John. ... 129, 168, 172-4, 193,

197

Porter, Horace 527

Porter, Josiah 559, 563, 605, 652

Postley, Brooke 523, 525

Potter, Orlando B...66i, 674-5, 680-5,

690

Potter, Robert B 343

Pratt, Dana B 647, 65 1

Prescott, Charles E. . .29, 53, 79, 109, 138
PRINCE OF WALES, reception of

17-8

Proctor, Lieut. -Colonel 539

Pryer, John T. . . .518, 583, 595, 606, 633,

641, 661

Pryor, J. J 556

Pryor, Walter R 550, 555-6

Quintard, Isaac 517

Quirk, Thomas W 231, 287

Ralph, Edward 90, 183

Ramseur, Stephen D 271, 340

Rand, Thomas B. . .617, 621, 624-5, 638,
647, 651, 653, 661, 663, 688

Randolph, John 125

Ranscn, Captain 545

Rea, John P 690, 697

Reed, Alexander 626

Reed, Charles C 506

Reed, Edward A. .607, 609, 619, 622, 637

REENLISTMENTS 314-5

REGISTER— OF GUESTS AT GET
TYSBURG, 1888, 709; OF COM
MANDERS served under, 359; OF
OFFICERS in 1845, 2-3; in 1858,
6 ; in 1859, 1 1 ; in 1861, 44-6 ; in 1864,
357-8; in 1871, 550-1; in 1877, 599-
600; in 1888, 710-11 ; OF OFFICERS
FROM 1859 to 1888, 713-19; OF
PROMOTED FROM, 360-75; OF
REGIMENT, May 22, 1863. 252-5;
OF OFFICERS AND ENLISTED
MEN DURING THE WAR. 400-501.

INDEX.

733

MAR VETERANS PRESENT

May 27, 1886,634 6; VETERANS

at Gettysburg, July i, 1888 707-8

Heilly, Thos. I )evin 4

Remme, William W 517

Reno, Jesse L. . 158, 162, 168, 173-4. 178,

190
REPUBLICAN BLUES of Savannah

in 1860 15

RETURN FROM THE WAR... .350-1
REUNION OF THE BLUE AND

GRAY at Gettysburg in 1888.. .689-97
Reynolds, Jchn F. . . 168, 172-4, 206, 215,

241, 243, 249, 258, 260, 262, 267-9, 311.

317,671
RHODE ISLAND TROOPS—

Batteries — ist 278-9, 283

Rice, Frederick S 651

Rice, James C 332

Rice, Wrilliam A 89

Richardson, Charles A 674, 689, 697

RICHMOND GRAYS, reception

of 660-4

Ricketts, James B. ..129, 136-7, 146, 156,

166 168-71, 173, 183, 189-95, '97. 2°6,

213. 3'7, 333

Ritschy. Jacob 641

Robbins, Charles F 620, 632

Roberts, Councilman 575

Robertson's (Band) 546

Robertson, J. V 533

Robin, J.T 517

ROBINSON, GENERAL, TO

GENERAL MEADE 288

Robinson, John C.. 232, 235, 241, 255-6,

269-70, 272-4, 285, 288, 313, 317-8,

323-4. 326, 330-1, 333-4, 351, 577, 649,

66 1, 670, 689, 690, 695

Robinson, Lucius 591, 597, 599

Rodenbough, Theophilus F 608

Rockafeller, Harry 533,' 560

Rodes, Robert E 270

Rodman, Isaac P 193, 197

Roe, Alfred C 310, 327, 654, 675, 685

Rodgers, Leonard 90

Rogers, Albert H 606

Roof, Smith C 165

Roof. Stephen W 596, 651, 658, 660

Root, Adrian R 224, 229

Rorty, James McK 279, 283

Rosecrans, William S 91, 295

Ross, Charles 96

Rowan, Stephen C. 559

Ruggles, George D 147, 173

Russell, D. A 301

Russell, Horace 608

RUSSIAN OFFICERS, reception of

559

Rutherford, Allan. 23, 28-9, 37, 52, 68, 93,

154, 157, 164, 176,206, 219, 241, 505,

571, 577-632-3

Rutherford, Robert G 577, 638

Ryder, S. Oscar. 606, 608, 611,615, 632-3,

638

Sands, David 96

Sanford, Charles W. . . .8, 17, 50, 60, 505,

509, 520. 523

Sauer, George W 584

Savage, John 4

Sayers, J. W 627

Scales, Alfred M 272

Schenck, Robert C 143, 175, 177

Schimmelpfennig, Alexander 269

Schlesinger, Major 533

Schley, Doctor 641

Schieffelin, Charles M 518

Schofield, Charles H 517

Schoonmaker, Samuel A 562

Scott, David 602, 608

Scott, George D.537, 560, 563-4, 584,605,

616, 650

Scott, Robert N . 349

Scott, Squire 145

Scott, Thomas A 591

Scott, Walter. . . 107, 608, 610-1, 633, 658

Scott, William. .631-4, 638, 640-1, 647-8,

653, 659, 661, 664, 675-7

Scott, William F 55

Scott, Winfield 36, 67-8, 80, 694

Secret service experience 160-2

Sedgvvick, John. 243-4, 248-50,258, 289,
291, 300-1, 305, 313, 326, 332

Sellers, A. J 627

Seward, William, Jr.. 400, 514, 548, 563,
615,618-9, 621, 624-5, 632, 637, 644,

734

INDEX.

648, 650-3, 655, 657-9, 661-2, 666-7,
669-70, 688, 697, 704

Sewarcl, William H 27, 205, 235

Seymour, Truman 189, 316-7

Shaler, Alexander. 512, 523, 533, 547, 572,
576, 583, 588, 592, 605, 615, 623

Shanly, Edward 108

Sharpe, George H 690, 697

Shaw, John J 560

Shawmut (Band) 539

Sheridan, Philip H.. .319, 328-9, 331, 336,

344, 346, 545
Sherman, William T.. . .318-20, 606, 613,

649
Shields, James. ... 111-2, 131, 134-5, 138,

HO. H3

Shirley, William F 664

Shorrock, Ralph vii

Sickles, Daniel E. . .215, 243, 246-7, 258,

274, 674, 677, 690-1, 696-7

Sigel, Franz.. 143, 155-6, 160-1, 167-8,

173-5. 177. 3i8, 583

Slater, James 573, 647

Slavery Abolished 234~5

Slocum, Henry W. ..243, 247, 258, 265,
274, 295, 674, 689, 696-7

Small, A. R 216, 285

Smith, David P 90

Smith, Edward L 633

Smith, Fitzhugh 151

Smith, George Frederick 671, 690

Smith, Gustavus W 145

Smith, Henry C 62, 7 1 , 506

Smith, Mr 18

Smith, Truman 517

Smith, William F 215, 347

Smith, Wm. Moore .... 570

Smyth, Thomas A 278-9

Snow, Captain 538

Snow, Henry A 610

Somers, Captain 194

SOUTH CAROLINA TROOPS—

Infantry — ^d 114

Spencer, Bird W.. . 521, 533, 550, 566, 575

Spencer, Charles S 584, 605

Spencer, J. A 528

Spencer, Mr 519

Spottswood, Colonel 662

Sprague, John T 505

STAMFORD, CONN., excursion to,

in 1869 S1S~19

Stannard, George J 274, 280

Stanton, Edwin M..IIO, 127, 138, 142-3,
229-30, 240, 265

Starke, William E 196

Steenburg, Colonel 5 56

Steinway, Albert 530

Steinwehr, Aclolph von ... 269

Stephens, Alexander H 22

Sterry, Frank 533, 560, 563-4

Stevens, Henry 1 29, 1 39

Stevens, Isaac I... 158, 165, 168, 172-3,

178-9
Stevens, James H. . 138, 145, 167, 243,638

Stevens, W. H 382

Steward, Ira W 638

Stewart, Archibald 66 1

Stewart, James 271-2

Stiles, Andrew B 72

Stiles, John W. . .28, 31-2, 39, 44, 49, 53-

4, 60, 62, 78, 80, 90, 92, 101, 103, 122-3,
146, 151, 154, 157, 167, 173, 503

Stine, James H 673

Stockton, Richard T 525

Stokes, Edward S 561, 566

Stone, Charles P. .46, 53-4, 60, 66-7, 76-
7, 82, 104,623, 638,643,647

Stone, Francis F . . 511

Stonehouse, John B 615

Stoneman, George 215

Storrs, R. S 588

Story, Colonel 533

Story, Joseph G 621

Stout, Andrew V 566

Strachan, Captain. . 538

Strong, E. B 529

Strong, Charles S. .91, 206, 211, 506, 514,

555- 57i

Stryker, John S 508

Stryker, William S 71, 83

Stuart, James E. B. . 165-6, 178, 186, 196,

207, 247, 258, 261, 264-6, 296-8

Sturgis, Samuel D. . . 142, 193, 196-7, 226

Sumner, Edwin ¥.143, 185, 190, 215, 218,

221-2, 225, 229

Sweeny, Captain 18

735

Swift, E. T 539

Swift, Theodore H 633,638,651.658

Swinton, William 183, 214, 237, 244

Swords, Joseph F 61 1

Sykes, George 168

Tabele, Matthew L 107

Tallman, Andrew F 90

Tallman, John C. C 576

Tanner, James 604

Taylor, Asa \V 89

Taylor, Bayard 588

Taylor, Nelson. .. 206, 21 1, 223-4,228-9,

239. 577

Taylor, Walter H 382

Terhune, R. A. . 575

Teny, Charles O 511

Terwilliger, William H 196

TEXAS TROOPS—

Confed. Infantry — is/, 196; 4//;, 196;

5///, 196.

THE BATTLES AND LOSSES . . 359
THE FIRST CALL FOR

TROOPS— 75,000 26-7

THE RETURNING VETERANS

352-3

Theriott, Alfred J 5 1 8 |

THE S. F.'s 5, 6 j

Thomas, Lorenzo 44, 205

Thompson, James 156, 165, 170, 194

Thompson, George W 572

Thorn, Edward 23

Thorne, Richard S 569

Thome, Thomas W 287, 350, 647

TIBBETT'S CORPS 595, 597

Tilden, Charles W 216

Tilden, Samuel J 659

Todd, Frank 538

Todd, William. .. 57, 160, 183, 282, 350,

649, 66 1

Toland, Washington A 255-6

Tooker, Joseph H 571

Torbert, Alfred T. A 61 1

Toucey, John M 593

Tower, Zealous B. . . . 156, 170, 174-6, 183
Townsend, Franklin. .. 524, 530, 592, 597

Townsend, Frederick . .8, 72, 61 5

Townsend, Oscar 533

PA OF.

Traeger, Carl 588

Tregaskis, John 287

T remain, Henry E 689

TRIBUTE TO THE FIRST

CORPS 317-8

Tripler, Charles S 562

TROY CITIZENS, CORPS. . . 595, 597,

605, 618-20

Trumbell.H. Clay 627

Tuthill, Charles E 29, 73, 1 52, 206

Tuthill, George 29, 43, 78, 633

Tweed, William M 518

Twichell, Joseph H 690, 697

Twomey, Francis J 545

Tyler, Robert O. 340

Ughetta, Corporal 632

Uhl, Hermann 531

Unbekant, Frederick 584

UNITED STATES TROOPS—

Artillery — tfh. Battery A, 279-82 ; Bat
tery B, 271-2 ; ^th, Battery D, 46, 624
Infantry — 7//z, 69, 72; \2th, 72, 176
619; I4///, 176; i8//;, 72.
Upton, Emory 336, 338

Vail, Henry V 569

Van Allen, James M 248

Van Alst, John, I.. Jr 307, 353, 509

Van Beuren, Michael M.8-9, 13, 17, 27-8,

33- 98, 354, 533. 57i,6c6

Van Buren, John D 547

Van Buskirk, Colonel 560

Vandenhoff, George 588

Vanderbilt, W7illiam H 591

Vanderslice, John M 675, 677

Van Norden, Samuel G 217

Van Pelt, Henry A 287

Van Wyck, John H. . . .641, 647, 661, 668

Van Wyck, William E 525, 566, 632

Varian, Joshua M. 18, 510, 512, 517, 522-3
530. 533L4, 548-9. 555. 56o, 563-4, 584,605

Veazey, Wheelock G 672

Venable, Charles S 379

Vermilye, W. Romeyn 651

VERMONT TROOPS—

Infantry — 13///, 274, 280; i^th, 274,

280 ; I6//2, 274, 280.

736

INDEX.

Vilmar, Frederick. . .559, 584, 600, 605-6,

609

Vincent, Thomas M 241

VIRGINIA TROOPS—

Artillery — Union Battery, is/, 154;

Cavalry, is/, ill.

Vodges, Israel 530

Vose, Richard 584

Vredenburgh, William J 506

Wadsworth, James S. . . .245, 268-9, 273,
318, 323-6, 330

Wait, Edgar F 592

Walker, John G 1 86

WTalker, Joseph ] 96

Walker, L. P 24

Walker, William 553

Wallach, Willy 588

Wallack, Lester 527

Wallen, General 523

Walling, George W 555

Walsh, Lieutenant 538

Walton, John B 276

Walton, John D 651

Walton, William P 593~5> 609-10

Wann, Charles 517

WAR, DECLARATION OF, April

12, 1861 23-4

W7ard, Henry 619

Ward, John, Jr 555, 560, 584

Ward, J. H. H 301

Ward, Rodney C 523, 560

Wrard, \Villiam G.. . 559, 569, 584, 613,

626

Warner, Frederick R 55, 72

Warrell, Robert 651

Warren, Colonel 530

Warren, Gouverneur K. . . . 274, 298, 305,

317, 319-20, 323, 325, 330-1, 333-5, 339,
341-3, 346-7

Warren, James 664

Warren, S. P 588

Warrenton, Va 145-54

WASHINGTON, D. C., visited in 1861,

32-5 ; revisited in 1881 612-3

\Vatson, Samuel S 96

Webb, Alexander S 274, 279-84, 661

\Vebber, George W 533

Webster, Aimer P 560, 563-4

Webster, Fletcher 176

Weed, Alexander 51 7-8

Weed, Thurlow 588

Wehrum, Charles C 329

Wentworth, Obed F 580

Wernig, Charles W 515

West, Isaac H 610-1

WEST ALBANY CAMPAIGN, in

1 877 590, 600

WTetmore, R. C 8

Wetmore, W. Boerum 610-1

Wheaton, George H 69

Wheelock, Charles 241, 271, 346

Whipple, William D 44

Whistler, Garland W 624

White, Surgeon 538

Whitlock, B. M 16

Whitney, Lawrence M 287, 350

Wickham, Joseph D 29, 80

Wickham, William H 587

Wieners, Godfrey A. S 660, 663

Wier, Robert 664

Wilcox, Cadmus M 280

\Vilcox, John H. . . 506, 508, 510-2, 516-7,
520, 534, 570, 638, 650

Wilder, John A 627

Willcocks, Washington 651

Willcox, Orlando B. . . 193, 197, 215, -. 26,
332, 523, 619-20

Williams, Alpheus S...7I, in, 113, 155,

187

Williams, G. Forrester 517

Williams, Professor 673

Williams, Robert 64

Williams, Theodore C 697

Williamson, Henry ¥..55, 242, 287, 299,
3'3. 350. 577- 66 1

Willis, Edward 346

Wilson, Henry 44, 582

Wilson, James H 322-3

Wilson, William 90

Wingate, George WT 577, 584

WISCONSIN TROOPS—

Infantry— 3</. 67, ill

Witthaus, G. Henry.. 6 10- 1, 617. 624,631,

645, 651, 670
Wofford, William T 196

INDEX.

Wolff, David 537

Wood, Charles W 189

Wood, Doctor 562

Wood, Fernando 17

Wood, John H 572, 576, 598

Wood ford, Stewart L 663

Woodruff, George A 279, 283

Woodward, John B 523, 533, 560, 605

Woodward, Lieut. -Commander 545

Wool, John K 80

Wright, — 283

Wright. C. Irvine 626

Wright, Horatio G 323, 332, 339

Wyatt, Samuel 549-50, 552-3

Wylie, Daniel D 592, 605, 620-1

Wyndham, Percy 170

Yates, Charles 8

Young, James 29

Young, Joseph B 353

Young, Nelson W 561

Young, Robert B 507

Zalinskie, Edmund L 624

EBBATA.

Page 21, line 22, for witht all, read with all.
" 21, " 24, for falaey, read fallacy.
" 72, " 3, for Green, read Greene.

" 151, " 27, for Norduist, read Nordquist.

" 159, " 37, for while one side, read each of them.

" 161, " 10, for managed, read managed to.

" 196, " 2, for shapiiel, read shrapnel.

" 215, " 2, for Pleasanton, read Pleasonton.

" 225, " 16, for maiming, read maining.

" 234, " 16, for 2nd, read 22nd.

" 248, " 7, for While with Lee, read While Lee, with.

" 252, " 29, for Thorp, read Thorpe.

" 289, " 18, for good deal, read great deal.

" 360, " 3, for Henry L., read Henry H.

" 424, " 13, for Clacknen, read Clackner.

" 424, " 14, for Connelly, read Connolly.

" 516, " 43, for as provided, read was provided.

" 532, Chapter 24, for XXVI., read XXIV.

" 702, line 31, for marshall, read marshaled.

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Full text of "History of the Ninth Regiment N.Y.S.M. -- N.G.S.N.Y. (Eighty-third N. Y. Volunteers.) 1845-1888"

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